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vfs_bio.c revision 1.31
      1 /*	$NetBSD: vfs_bio.c,v 1.31 1994/07/03 07:57:32 cgd Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*-
      4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
      5  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
      6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
      7  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
      8  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
      9  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
     10  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
     11  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
     12  *
     13  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     14  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     15  * are met:
     16  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     20  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     21  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
     22  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
     23  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
     24  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
     25  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     26  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     27  *    without specific prior written permission.
     28  *
     29  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     30  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     31  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     32  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     33  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     34  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     35  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     36  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     37  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     38  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     39  * SUCH DAMAGE.
     40  *
     41  *	@(#)vfs_bio.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 1/11/94
     42  */
     43 
     44 /*
     45  * Some references:
     46  *	Bach: The Design of the UNIX Operating System (Prentice Hall, 1986)
     47  *	Leffler, et al.: The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD
     48  *		UNIX Operating System (Addison Welley, 1989)
     49  */
     50 
     51 #include <sys/param.h>
     52 #include <sys/systm.h>
     53 #include <sys/proc.h>
     54 #include <sys/buf.h>
     55 #include <sys/vnode.h>
     56 #include <sys/mount.h>
     57 #include <sys/trace.h>
     58 #include <sys/malloc.h>
     59 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
     60 
     61 /* Macros to clear/set/test flags. */
     62 #define	SET(t, f)	(t) |= (f)
     63 #define	CLR(t, f)	(t) &= ~(f)
     64 #define	ISSET(t, f)	((t) & (f))
     65 
     66 /*
     67  * Definitions for the buffer hash lists.
     68  */
     69 #define	BUFHASH(dvp, lbn)	\
     70 	(&bufhashtbl[((int)(dvp) / sizeof(*(dvp)) + (int)(lbn)) & bufhash])
     71 LIST_HEAD(bufhashhdr, buf) *bufhashtbl, invalhash;
     72 u_long	bufhash;
     73 
     74 /*
     75  * Insq/Remq for the buffer hash lists.
     76  */
     77 #define	binshash(bp, dp)	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(dp, bp, b_hash)
     78 #define	bremhash(bp)		LIST_REMOVE(bp, b_hash)
     79 
     80 /*
     81  * Definitions for the buffer free lists.
     82  */
     83 #define	BQUEUES		4		/* number of free buffer queues */
     84 
     85 #define	BQ_LOCKED	0		/* super-blocks &c */
     86 #define	BQ_LRU		1		/* lru, useful buffers */
     87 #define	BQ_AGE		2		/* rubbish */
     88 #define	BQ_EMPTY	3		/* buffer headers with no memory */
     89 
     90 TAILQ_HEAD(bqueues, buf) bufqueues[BQUEUES];
     91 int needbuffer;
     92 
     93 /*
     94  * Insq/Remq for the buffer free lists.
     95  */
     96 #define	binsheadfree(bp, dp)	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(dp, bp, b_freelist)
     97 #define	binstailfree(bp, dp)	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(dp, bp, b_freelist)
     98 
     99 void
    100 bremfree(bp)
    101 	struct buf *bp;
    102 {
    103 	struct bqueues *dp = NULL;
    104 
    105 	/*
    106 	 * We only calculate the head of the freelist when removing
    107 	 * the last element of the list as that is the only time that
    108 	 * it is needed (e.g. to reset the tail pointer).
    109 	 *
    110 	 * NB: This makes an assumption about how tailq's are implemented.
    111 	 */
    112 	if (bp->b_freelist.tqe_next == NULL) {
    113 		for (dp = bufqueues; dp < &bufqueues[BQUEUES]; dp++)
    114 			if (dp->tqh_last == &bp->b_freelist.tqe_next)
    115 				break;
    116 		if (dp == &bufqueues[BQUEUES])
    117 			panic("bremfree: lost tail");
    118 	}
    119 	TAILQ_REMOVE(dp, bp, b_freelist);
    120 }
    121 
    122 /*
    123  * Initialize buffers and hash links for buffers.
    124  */
    125 void
    126 bufinit()
    127 {
    128 	register struct buf *bp;
    129 	struct bqueues *dp;
    130 	register int i;
    131 	int base, residual;
    132 
    133 	for (dp = bufqueues; dp < &bufqueues[BQUEUES]; dp++)
    134 		TAILQ_INIT(dp);
    135 	bufhashtbl = hashinit(nbuf, M_CACHE, &bufhash);
    136 	base = bufpages / nbuf;
    137 	residual = bufpages % nbuf;
    138 	for (i = 0; i < nbuf; i++) {
    139 		bp = &buf[i];
    140 		bzero((char *)bp, sizeof *bp);
    141 		bp->b_dev = NODEV;
    142 		bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
    143 		bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
    144 		bp->b_vnbufs.le_next = NOLIST;
    145 		bp->b_data = buffers + i * MAXBSIZE;
    146 		if (i < residual)
    147 			bp->b_bufsize = (base + 1) * CLBYTES;
    148 		else
    149 			bp->b_bufsize = base * CLBYTES;
    150 		bp->b_flags = B_INVAL;
    151 		dp = bp->b_bufsize ? &bufqueues[BQ_AGE] : &bufqueues[BQ_EMPTY];
    152 		binsheadfree(bp, dp);
    153 		binshash(bp, &invalhash);
    154 	}
    155 }
    156 
    157 /*
    158  * Read a disk block.
    159  * This algorithm described in Bach (p.54).
    160  */
    161 bread(vp, blkno, size, cred, bpp)
    162 	struct vnode *vp;
    163 	daddr_t blkno;
    164 	int size;
    165 	struct ucred *cred;
    166 	struct buf **bpp;
    167 {
    168 	register struct buf *bp;
    169 
    170 	/* Get buffer for block. */
    171 	bp = *bpp = getblk(vp, blkno, size, 0, 0);
    172 
    173 	/*
    174 	 * If buffer data valid, return it.
    175 	 * Note that if buffer is B_INVAL, getblk() won't return it.
    176 	 * Therefore, it's valid if it's I/O has completed or been delayed.
    177 	 */
    178 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, (B_DONE | B_DELWRI)))
    179 		return (0);
    180 
    181 	/* Start some I/O for the buffer (keeping credentials, if needed). */
    182 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_READ);
    183 	if (cred != NOCRED && bp->b_rcred == NOCRED) {
    184 		crhold(cred);
    185 		bp->b_rcred = cred;
    186 	}
    187 	VOP_STRATEGY(bp);
    188 
    189 	/* Pay for the read. */
    190 	curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_inblock++;		/* XXX */
    191 
    192 	/* Wait for the read to complete, and return result. */
    193 	return (biowait(bp));
    194 }
    195 
    196 /*
    197  * Read-ahead multiple disk blocks. The first is sync, the rest async.
    198  * Trivial modification to the breada algorithm presented in Bach (p.55).
    199  */
    200 breadn(vp, blkno, size, rablks, rasizes, nrablks, cred, bpp)
    201 	struct vnode *vp;
    202 	daddr_t blkno; int size;
    203 	daddr_t rablks[]; int rasizes[];
    204 	int nrablks;
    205 	struct ucred *cred;
    206 	struct buf **bpp;
    207 {
    208 	struct buf *bp, *rabp;
    209 	int i;
    210 
    211 	bp = NULL;		/* We don't have a buffer yet. */
    212 
    213 	/* If first block not in cache, get buffer for it and read it in. */
    214 	if (!incore(vp, blkno)) {
    215 		bp = *bpp = getblk(vp, blkno, size, 0, 0);
    216 
    217 		/*
    218 	 	 * If buffer data not valid, we have to read it in.
    219 		 * If it is valid, just hold on to the buffer pointer.
    220 	 	 */
    221 		if (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, (B_DONE | B_DELWRI))) {
    222 			/* Start I/O for the buffer (keeping credentials). */
    223 			SET(bp->b_flags, B_READ);
    224 			if (cred != NOCRED && bp->b_rcred == NOCRED) {
    225 				crhold(cred);
    226 				bp->b_rcred = cred;
    227 			}
    228 			VOP_STRATEGY(bp);
    229 
    230 			/* Pay for the read. */
    231 			curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_inblock++;	/* XXX */
    232 		}
    233 	}
    234 
    235 	/*
    236 	 * For each of the read-ahead blocks, start a read, if necessary.
    237 	 */
    238 	for (i = 0; i < nrablks; i++) {
    239 		/* If it's in the cache, just go on to next one. */
    240 		if (incore(vp, rablks[i]))
    241 			continue;
    242 
    243 		/* Get a buffer for the read-ahead block */
    244 		rabp = getblk(vp, rablks[i], rasizes[i], 0, 0);
    245 
    246 		/*
    247 	 	 * If buffer data valid, just release the buffer back into
    248 		 * the cache.  If it's not valid, we have to read it in.
    249 	 	 */
    250 		if (ISSET(rabp->b_flags, (B_DONE | B_DELWRI)))
    251 			brelse(rabp);
    252 		else {
    253 			/* Start I/O for the buffer (keeping credentials). */
    254 			SET(rabp->b_flags, (B_READ | B_ASYNC));
    255 			if (cred != NOCRED && rabp->b_rcred == NOCRED) {
    256 				crhold(cred);
    257 				rabp->b_rcred = cred;
    258 			}
    259 			VOP_STRATEGY(rabp);
    260 
    261 			/* Pay for the read. */
    262 			curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_inblock++;	/* XXX */
    263 		}
    264 	}
    265 
    266 	/*
    267 	 * If first block was originally in the cache (i.e. we *still* don't
    268 	 * have buffer), use bread to get and return it.
    269 	 */
    270 	if (bp == NULL)
    271 		return (bread(vp, blkno, size, cred, bpp));
    272 
    273 	/* Otherwise, we had to start a read for it; wait until it's valid. */
    274 	return (biowait(bp));
    275 }
    276 
    277 /*
    278  * Read with single-block read-ahead.  Defined in Bach (p.55), but
    279  * implemented as a call to breadn().
    280  * XXX for compatibility with old file systems.
    281  */
    282 breada(vp, blkno, size, rablkno, rabsize, cred, bpp)
    283 	struct vnode *vp;
    284 	daddr_t blkno; int size;
    285 	daddr_t rablkno; int rabsize;
    286 	struct ucred *cred;
    287 	struct buf **bpp;
    288 {
    289 	return (breadn(vp, blkno, size, &rablkno, &rabsize, 1, cred, bpp));
    290 }
    291 
    292 /*
    293  * Block write.  Described in Bach (p.56)
    294  */
    295 bwrite(bp)
    296 	struct buf *bp;
    297 {
    298 	int rv, s, sync, wasdelayed;
    299 
    300 	rv = 0;
    301 
    302 	/* Remember buffer type, to switch on it later. */
    303 	sync = !ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_ASYNC);
    304 	wasdelayed = ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI);
    305 	CLR(bp->b_flags, (B_READ | B_DONE | B_ERROR | B_DELWRI));
    306 
    307 	/* Initiate disk write.  Make sure the appropriate party is charged. */
    308 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_WRITEINPROG);
    309 	bp->b_vp->v_numoutput++;
    310 	VOP_STRATEGY(bp);
    311 
    312 	/*
    313 	 * If I/O was synchronous, wait for it to complete.
    314 	 */
    315 	if (sync)
    316 		rv = biowait(bp);
    317 
    318 	/*
    319 	 * Pay for the I/O operation, if it's not been paid for, and
    320 	 * make sure it's on the correct vnode queue.
    321 	 */
    322 	if (wasdelayed)
    323 		reassignbuf(bp, bp->b_vp);
    324 	else
    325 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_oublock++;
    326 
    327 	/* Release the buffer, or, if async, make sure it gets reused ASAP. */
    328 	if (sync)
    329 		brelse(bp);
    330 	else if (wasdelayed) {
    331 		s = splbio();
    332 		SET(bp->b_flags, B_AGE);
    333 		splx(s);
    334 	}
    335 	return (rv);
    336 }
    337 
    338 int
    339 vn_bwrite(ap)
    340 	struct vop_bwrite_args *ap;
    341 {
    342 	return (bwrite(ap->a_bp));
    343 }
    344 
    345 /*
    346  * Delayed write.
    347  *
    348  * The buffer is marked dirty, but is not queued for I/O.
    349  * This routine should be used when the buffer is expected
    350  * to be modified again soon, typically a small write that
    351  * partially fills a buffer.
    352  *
    353  * NB: magnetic tapes cannot be delayed; they must be
    354  * written in the order that the writes are requested.
    355  *
    356  * Described in Leffler, et al. (pp. 208-213).
    357  */
    358 void
    359 bdwrite(bp)
    360 	struct buf *bp;
    361 {
    362 
    363 	/*
    364 	 * If the block hasn't been seen before:
    365 	 *	(1) Mark it as having been seen,
    366 	 *	(2) Charge for the write.
    367 	 *	(3) Make sure it's on its vnode's correct block list,
    368 	 */
    369 	if (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI)) {
    370 		SET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI);
    371 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_oublock++;	/* XXX */
    372 		reassignbuf(bp, bp->b_vp);
    373 	}
    374 
    375 	/* If this is a tape block, write it the block now. */
    376 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_TAPE)) {
    377 		bwrite(bp);
    378 		return;
    379 	}
    380 
    381 	/* Otherwise, the "write" is done, so mark and release the buffer. */
    382 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE);
    383 	brelse(bp);
    384 }
    385 
    386 /*
    387  * Asynchronous block write; just an asynchronous bwrite().
    388  */
    389 void
    390 bawrite(bp)
    391 	struct buf *bp;
    392 {
    393 
    394 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_ASYNC);
    395 	VOP_BWRITE(bp);
    396 }
    397 
    398 /*
    399  * Release a buffer on to the free lists.
    400  * Described in Bach (p. 46).
    401  */
    402 void
    403 brelse(bp)
    404 	struct buf *bp;
    405 {
    406 	struct bqueues *bufq;
    407 	int s;
    408 
    409 	/* Wake up any processes waiting for any buffer to become free. */
    410 	if (needbuffer) {
    411 		needbuffer = 0;
    412 		wakeup(&needbuffer);
    413 	}
    414 
    415 	/* Wake up any proceeses waiting for _this_ buffer to become free. */
    416 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED)) {
    417 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED);
    418 		wakeup(bp);
    419 	}
    420 
    421 	/* Block disk interrupts. */
    422 	s = splbio();
    423 
    424 	/*
    425 	 * Determine which queue the buffer should be on, then put it there.
    426 	 */
    427 
    428 	/* If it's locked, don't report an error; try again later. */
    429 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, (B_LOCKED|B_ERROR)) == (B_LOCKED|B_ERROR))
    430 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_ERROR);
    431 
    432 	/* If it's not cacheable, or an error, mark it invalid. */
    433 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, (B_NOCACHE|B_ERROR)))
    434 		SET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    435 
    436 	if ((bp->b_bufsize <= 0) || ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL)) {
    437 		/*
    438 		 * If it's invalid or empty, dissociate it from its vnode
    439 		 * and put on the head of the appropriate queue.
    440 		 */
    441 		if (bp->b_vp)
    442 			brelvp(bp);
    443 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI);
    444 		if (bp->b_bufsize <= 0)
    445 			/* no data */
    446 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_EMPTY];
    447 		else
    448 			/* invalid data */
    449 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_AGE];
    450 		binsheadfree(bp, bufq);
    451 	} else {
    452 		/*
    453 		 * It has valid data.  Put it on the end of the appropriate
    454 		 * queue, so that it'll stick around for as long as possible.
    455 		 */
    456 		if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_LOCKED))
    457 			/* locked in core */
    458 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_LOCKED];
    459 		else if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_AGE))
    460 			/* stale but valid data */
    461 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_AGE];
    462 		else
    463 			/* valid data */
    464 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_LRU];
    465 		binstailfree(bp, bufq);
    466 	}
    467 
    468 	/* Unlock the buffer. */
    469 	CLR(bp->b_flags, (B_AGE | B_ASYNC | B_BUSY | B_NOCACHE));
    470 
    471 	/* Allow disk interrupts. */
    472 	splx(s);
    473 }
    474 
    475 /*
    476  * Determine if a block is in the cache.
    477  * Just look on what would be its hash chain.  If it's there, return
    478  * a pointer to it, unless it's marked invalid.  If it's marked invalid,
    479  * we normally don't return the buffer, unless the caller explicitly
    480  * wants us to.
    481  */
    482 struct buf *
    483 incore(vp, blkno)
    484 	struct vnode *vp;
    485 	daddr_t blkno;
    486 {
    487 	struct buf *bp;
    488 
    489 	bp = BUFHASH(vp, blkno)->lh_first;
    490 
    491 	/* Search hash chain */
    492 	for (; bp != NULL; bp = bp->b_hash.le_next) {
    493 		if (bp->b_lblkno == blkno && bp->b_vp == vp &&
    494 		    !ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL))
    495 		return (bp);
    496 	}
    497 
    498 	return (0);
    499 }
    500 
    501 /*
    502  * Get a block of requested size that is associated with
    503  * a given vnode and block offset. If it is found in the
    504  * block cache, mark it as having been found, make it busy
    505  * and return it. Otherwise, return an empty block of the
    506  * correct size. It is up to the caller to insure that the
    507  * cached blocks be of the correct size.
    508  */
    509 struct buf *
    510 getblk(vp, blkno, size, slpflag, slptimeo)
    511 	register struct vnode *vp;
    512 	daddr_t blkno;
    513 	int size, slpflag, slptimeo;
    514 {
    515 	struct buf *bp;
    516 	int s, err;
    517 
    518 start:
    519 	s = splbio();
    520 	if (bp = incore(vp, blkno)) {	/* XXX NFS VOP_BWRITE foolishness */
    521 		if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_BUSY)) {
    522 			SET(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED);
    523 			err = tsleep(bp, slpflag | (PRIBIO + 1), "getblk",
    524 			    slptimeo);
    525 			splx(s);
    526 			if (err)
    527 				return (NULL);
    528 			goto start;
    529 		}
    530 		SET(bp->b_flags, (B_BUSY | B_CACHE));
    531 		bremfree(bp);
    532 		splx(s);
    533 		allocbuf(bp, size);
    534 	} else {
    535 		splx(s);
    536 		if ((bp = getnewbuf(slpflag, slptimeo)) == NULL)
    537 			goto start;
    538 		allocbuf(bp, size);
    539 		bp->b_blkno = bp->b_lblkno = blkno;
    540 		s = splbio();
    541 		bgetvp(vp, bp);
    542 		splx(s);
    543 		bremhash(bp);
    544 		binshash(bp, BUFHASH(vp, blkno));
    545 	}
    546 	return (bp);
    547 }
    548 
    549 /*
    550  * Get an empty, disassociated buffer of given size.
    551  */
    552 struct buf *
    553 geteblk(size)
    554 	int size;
    555 {
    556 	struct buf *bp;
    557 
    558 	while ((bp = getnewbuf(0, 0)) == 0)
    559 		;
    560 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    561 	bremhash(bp);
    562 	binshash(bp, &invalhash);
    563 	allocbuf(bp, size);
    564 	bp->b_bcount = 0;
    565 	bp->b_error = 0;
    566 	bp->b_resid = 0;
    567 
    568 	return (bp);
    569 }
    570 
    571 /*
    572  * Expand or contract the actual memory allocated to a buffer.
    573  *
    574  * If the buffer shrinks, data is lost, so it's up to the
    575  * caller to have written it out *first*; this routine will not
    576  * start a write.  If the buffer grows, it's the callers
    577  * responsibility to fill out the buffer's additional contents.
    578  */
    579 allocbuf(bp, size)
    580 	struct buf *bp;
    581 	int size;
    582 {
    583 	struct buf      *nbp;
    584 	vm_size_t       desired_size;
    585 	int	     s;
    586 
    587 	desired_size = roundup(size, CLBYTES);
    588 	if (desired_size > MAXBSIZE)
    589 		panic("allocbuf: buffer larger than MAXBSIZE requested");
    590 
    591 	if (bp->b_bufsize == desired_size)
    592 		goto out;
    593 
    594 	/*
    595 	 * If the buffer is smaller than the desired size, we need to snarf
    596 	 * it from other buffers.  Get buffers (via getnewbuf()), and
    597 	 * steal their pages.
    598 	 */
    599 	while (bp->b_bufsize < desired_size) {
    600 		int amt;
    601 
    602 		/* find a buffer */
    603 		while ((nbp = getnewbuf(0, 0)) == NULL)
    604 			;
    605 
    606 		/* and steal its pages, up to the amount we need */
    607 		amt = min(nbp->b_bufsize, (desired_size - bp->b_bufsize));
    608 		pagemove((nbp->b_data + nbp->b_bufsize - amt),
    609 			bp->b_data + bp->b_bufsize, amt);
    610 		bp->b_bufsize += amt;
    611 		nbp->b_bufsize -= amt;
    612 
    613 		/* reduce transfer count if we stole some data */
    614 		if (nbp->b_bcount > nbp->b_bufsize)
    615 			nbp->b_bcount = nbp->b_bufsize;
    616 
    617 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
    618 		if (nbp->b_bufsize < 0)
    619 			panic("allocbuf: negative bufsize");
    620 #endif
    621 		if (nbp->b_bufsize == 0) {
    622 			bremhash(nbp);
    623 			binshash(nbp, &invalhash);
    624 			SET(nbp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    625 			nbp->b_error = 0;
    626 			nbp->b_dev = NODEV;
    627 		}
    628 		brelse(nbp);
    629 	}
    630 
    631 	/*
    632 	 * If we want a buffer smaller than the current size,
    633 	 * shrink this buffer.  Grab a buf head from the EMPTY queue,
    634 	 * move a page onto it, and put it on front of the AGE queue.
    635 	 * If there are no free buffer headers, leave the buffer alone.
    636 	 */
    637 	if (bp->b_bufsize > desired_size) {
    638 		s = splbio();
    639 		if ((nbp = bufqueues[BQ_EMPTY].tqh_first) == NULL) {
    640 			/* No free buffer head */
    641 			splx(s);
    642 			goto out;
    643 		}
    644 		bremfree(nbp);
    645 		SET(nbp->b_flags, B_BUSY);
    646 		splx(s);
    647 
    648 		/* move the page to it and note this change */
    649 		pagemove(bp->b_data + desired_size,
    650 		    nbp->b_data, bp->b_bufsize - desired_size);
    651 		nbp->b_bufsize = bp->b_bufsize - desired_size;
    652 		bp->b_bufsize = desired_size;
    653 		nbp->b_bcount = 0;
    654 		SET(nbp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    655 
    656 		/* release the newly-filled buffer and leave */
    657 		brelse(nbp);
    658 	}
    659 
    660 out:
    661 	bp->b_bcount = size;
    662 }
    663 
    664 /*
    665  * Find a buffer which is available for use.
    666  * Select something from a free list.
    667  * Preference is to AGE list, then LRU list.
    668  */
    669 struct buf *
    670 getnewbuf(slpflag, slptimeo)
    671 	int slpflag, slptimeo;
    672 {
    673 	register struct buf *bp;
    674 	int s;
    675 
    676 start:
    677 	s = splbio();
    678 	if ((bp = bufqueues[BQ_AGE].tqh_first) != NULL ||
    679 	    (bp = bufqueues[BQ_LRU].tqh_first) != NULL) {
    680 		bremfree(bp);
    681 	} else {
    682 		/* wait for a free buffer of any kind */
    683 		needbuffer = 1;
    684 		tsleep(&needbuffer, slpflag|(PRIBIO+1), "getnewbuf", slptimeo);
    685 		splx(s);
    686 		return (0);
    687 	}
    688 
    689 	/* Buffer is no longer on free lists. */
    690 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_BUSY);
    691 	splx(s);
    692 
    693 	/* If buffer was a delayed write, start it, and go back to the top. */
    694 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI)) {
    695 		bawrite (bp);
    696 		goto start;
    697 	}
    698 
    699 	/* disassociate us from our vnode, if we had one... */
    700 	s = splbio();
    701 	if (bp->b_vp)
    702 		brelvp(bp);
    703 	splx(s);
    704 
    705 	/* clear out various other fields */
    706 	bp->b_flags = B_BUSY;
    707 	bp->b_dev = NODEV;
    708 	bp->b_blkno = bp->b_lblkno = 0;
    709 	bp->b_iodone = 0;
    710 	bp->b_error = 0;
    711 	bp->b_resid = 0;
    712 	bp->b_bcount = 0;
    713 	bp->b_dirtyoff = bp->b_dirtyend = 0;
    714 	bp->b_validoff = bp->b_validend = 0;
    715 
    716 	/* nuke any credentials we were holding */
    717 	if (bp->b_rcred != NOCRED) {
    718 		crfree(bp->b_rcred);
    719 		bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
    720 	}
    721 	if (bp->b_wcred != NOCRED) {
    722 		crfree(bp->b_wcred);
    723 		bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
    724 	}
    725 
    726 	return (bp);
    727 }
    728 
    729 /*
    730  * Wait for operations on the buffer to complete.
    731  * When they do, extract and return the I/O's error value.
    732  */
    733 int
    734 biowait(bp)
    735 	struct buf *bp;
    736 {
    737 	int s;
    738 
    739 	s = splbio();
    740 	while (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE))
    741 		tsleep(bp, PRIBIO + 1, "biowait", 0);
    742 	splx(s);
    743 
    744 	/* check for interruption of I/O (e.g. via NFS), then errors. */
    745 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_EINTR)) {
    746 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_EINTR);
    747 		return (EINTR);
    748 	} else if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_ERROR))
    749 		return (bp->b_error ? bp->b_error : EIO);
    750 	else
    751 		return (0);
    752 }
    753 
    754 /*
    755  * Mark I/O complete on a buffer.
    756  *
    757  * If a callback has been requested, e.g. the pageout
    758  * daemon, do so. Otherwise, awaken waiting processes.
    759  *
    760  * [ Leffler, et al., says on p.247:
    761  *	"This routine wakes up the blocked process, frees the buffer
    762  *	for an asynchronous write, or, for a request by the pagedaemon
    763  *	process, invokes a procedure specified in the buffer structure" ]
    764  *
    765  * In real life, the pagedaemon (or other system processes) wants
    766  * to do async stuff to, and doesn't want the buffer brelse()'d.
    767  * (for swap pager, that puts swap buffers on the free lists (!!!),
    768  * for the vn device, that puts malloc'd buffers on the free lists!)
    769  */
    770 void
    771 biodone(bp)
    772 	struct buf *bp;
    773 {
    774 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE))
    775 		panic("biodone already");
    776 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE);		/* note that it's done */
    777 
    778 	if (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_READ))	/* wake up reader */
    779 		vwakeup(bp);
    780 
    781 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_CALL)) {	/* if necessary, call out */
    782 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_CALL);	/* but note callout done */
    783 		(*bp->b_iodone)(bp);
    784 	} else if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_ASYNC))	/* if async, release it */
    785 		brelse(bp);
    786 	else {					/* or just wakeup the buffer */
    787 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED);
    788 		wakeup(bp);
    789 	}
    790 }
    791 
    792 /*
    793  * Return a count of buffers on the "locked" queue.
    794  */
    795 int
    796 count_lock_queue()
    797 {
    798 	register struct buf *bp;
    799 	register int n = 0;
    800 
    801 	for (bp = bufqueues[BQ_LOCKED].tqh_first; bp;
    802 	    bp = bp->b_freelist.tqe_next)
    803 		n++;
    804 	return (n);
    805 }
    806 
    807 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
    808 /*
    809  * Print out statistics on the current allocation of the buffer pool.
    810  * Can be enabled to print out on every ``sync'' by setting "syncprt"
    811  * in vfs_syscalls.c using sysctl.
    812  */
    813 void
    814 vfs_bufstats()
    815 {
    816 	int s, i, j, count;
    817 	register struct buf *bp;
    818 	register struct bqueues *dp;
    819 	int counts[MAXBSIZE/CLBYTES+1];
    820 	static char *bname[BQUEUES] = { "LOCKED", "LRU", "AGE", "EMPTY" };
    821 
    822 	for (dp = bufqueues, i = 0; dp < &bufqueues[BQUEUES]; dp++, i++) {
    823 		count = 0;
    824 		for (j = 0; j <= MAXBSIZE/CLBYTES; j++)
    825 			counts[j] = 0;
    826 		s = splbio();
    827 		for (bp = dp->tqh_first; bp; bp = bp->b_freelist.tqe_next) {
    828 			counts[bp->b_bufsize/CLBYTES]++;
    829 			count++;
    830 		}
    831 		splx(s);
    832 		printf("%s: total-%d", bname[i], count);
    833 		for (j = 0; j <= MAXBSIZE/CLBYTES; j++)
    834 			if (counts[j] != 0)
    835 				printf(", %d-%d", j * CLBYTES, counts[j]);
    836 		printf("\n");
    837 	}
    838 }
    839 #endif /* DIAGNOSTIC */
    840