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vfs_bio.c revision 1.37
      1 /*	$NetBSD: vfs_bio.c,v 1.37 1995/07/12 07:39:00 cgd Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*-
      4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
      5  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
      6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
      7  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
      8  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
      9  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
     10  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
     11  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
     12  *
     13  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     14  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     15  * are met:
     16  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     20  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     21  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
     22  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
     23  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
     24  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
     25  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     26  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     27  *    without specific prior written permission.
     28  *
     29  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     30  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     31  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     32  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     33  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     34  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     35  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     36  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     37  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     38  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     39  * SUCH DAMAGE.
     40  *
     41  *	@(#)vfs_bio.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 1/11/94
     42  */
     43 
     44 /*
     45  * Some references:
     46  *	Bach: The Design of the UNIX Operating System (Prentice Hall, 1986)
     47  *	Leffler, et al.: The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD
     48  *		UNIX Operating System (Addison Welley, 1989)
     49  */
     50 
     51 #include <sys/param.h>
     52 #include <sys/systm.h>
     53 #include <sys/proc.h>
     54 #include <sys/buf.h>
     55 #include <sys/vnode.h>
     56 #include <sys/mount.h>
     57 #include <sys/trace.h>
     58 #include <sys/malloc.h>
     59 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
     60 #include <sys/conf.h>
     61 
     62 /* Macros to clear/set/test flags. */
     63 #define	SET(t, f)	(t) |= (f)
     64 #define	CLR(t, f)	(t) &= ~(f)
     65 #define	ISSET(t, f)	((t) & (f))
     66 
     67 /*
     68  * Definitions for the buffer hash lists.
     69  */
     70 #define	BUFHASH(dvp, lbn)	\
     71 	(&bufhashtbl[((long)(dvp) / sizeof(*(dvp)) + (int)(lbn)) & bufhash])
     72 LIST_HEAD(bufhashhdr, buf) *bufhashtbl, invalhash;
     73 u_long	bufhash;
     74 
     75 /*
     76  * Insq/Remq for the buffer hash lists.
     77  */
     78 #define	binshash(bp, dp)	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(dp, bp, b_hash)
     79 #define	bremhash(bp)		LIST_REMOVE(bp, b_hash)
     80 
     81 /*
     82  * Definitions for the buffer free lists.
     83  */
     84 #define	BQUEUES		4		/* number of free buffer queues */
     85 
     86 #define	BQ_LOCKED	0		/* super-blocks &c */
     87 #define	BQ_LRU		1		/* lru, useful buffers */
     88 #define	BQ_AGE		2		/* rubbish */
     89 #define	BQ_EMPTY	3		/* buffer headers with no memory */
     90 
     91 TAILQ_HEAD(bqueues, buf) bufqueues[BQUEUES];
     92 int needbuffer;
     93 
     94 /*
     95  * Insq/Remq for the buffer free lists.
     96  */
     97 #define	binsheadfree(bp, dp)	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(dp, bp, b_freelist)
     98 #define	binstailfree(bp, dp)	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(dp, bp, b_freelist)
     99 
    100 void
    101 bremfree(bp)
    102 	struct buf *bp;
    103 {
    104 	struct bqueues *dp = NULL;
    105 
    106 	/*
    107 	 * We only calculate the head of the freelist when removing
    108 	 * the last element of the list as that is the only time that
    109 	 * it is needed (e.g. to reset the tail pointer).
    110 	 *
    111 	 * NB: This makes an assumption about how tailq's are implemented.
    112 	 */
    113 	if (bp->b_freelist.tqe_next == NULL) {
    114 		for (dp = bufqueues; dp < &bufqueues[BQUEUES]; dp++)
    115 			if (dp->tqh_last == &bp->b_freelist.tqe_next)
    116 				break;
    117 		if (dp == &bufqueues[BQUEUES])
    118 			panic("bremfree: lost tail");
    119 	}
    120 	TAILQ_REMOVE(dp, bp, b_freelist);
    121 }
    122 
    123 /*
    124  * Initialize buffers and hash links for buffers.
    125  */
    126 void
    127 bufinit()
    128 {
    129 	register struct buf *bp;
    130 	struct bqueues *dp;
    131 	register int i;
    132 	int base, residual;
    133 
    134 	for (dp = bufqueues; dp < &bufqueues[BQUEUES]; dp++)
    135 		TAILQ_INIT(dp);
    136 	bufhashtbl = hashinit(nbuf, M_CACHE, &bufhash);
    137 	base = bufpages / nbuf;
    138 	residual = bufpages % nbuf;
    139 	for (i = 0; i < nbuf; i++) {
    140 		bp = &buf[i];
    141 		bzero((char *)bp, sizeof *bp);
    142 		bp->b_dev = NODEV;
    143 		bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
    144 		bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
    145 		bp->b_vnbufs.le_next = NOLIST;
    146 		bp->b_data = buffers + i * MAXBSIZE;
    147 		if (i < residual)
    148 			bp->b_bufsize = (base + 1) * CLBYTES;
    149 		else
    150 			bp->b_bufsize = base * CLBYTES;
    151 		bp->b_flags = B_INVAL;
    152 		dp = bp->b_bufsize ? &bufqueues[BQ_AGE] : &bufqueues[BQ_EMPTY];
    153 		binsheadfree(bp, dp);
    154 		binshash(bp, &invalhash);
    155 	}
    156 }
    157 
    158 __inline struct buf *
    159 bio_doread(vp, blkno, size, cred, async)
    160 	struct vnode *vp;
    161 	daddr_t blkno;
    162 	int size;
    163 	struct ucred *cred;
    164 	int async;
    165 {
    166 	register struct buf *bp;
    167 
    168 	bp = getblk(vp, blkno, size, 0, 0);
    169 
    170 	/*
    171 	 * If buffer does not have data valid, start a read.
    172 	 * Note that if buffer is B_INVAL, getblk() won't return it.
    173 	 * Therefore, it's valid if it's I/O has completed or been delayed.
    174 	 */
    175 	if (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, (B_DONE | B_DELWRI))) {
    176 		/* Start I/O for the buffer (keeping credentials). */
    177 		SET(bp->b_flags, B_READ | async);
    178 		if (cred != NOCRED && bp->b_rcred == NOCRED) {
    179 			crhold(cred);
    180 			bp->b_rcred = cred;
    181 		}
    182 		VOP_STRATEGY(bp);
    183 
    184 		/* Pay for the read. */
    185 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_inblock++;		/* XXX */
    186 	} else if (async) {
    187 		brelse(bp);
    188 	}
    189 
    190 	return (bp);
    191 }
    192 
    193 /*
    194  * Read a disk block.
    195  * This algorithm described in Bach (p.54).
    196  */
    197 bread(vp, blkno, size, cred, bpp)
    198 	struct vnode *vp;
    199 	daddr_t blkno;
    200 	int size;
    201 	struct ucred *cred;
    202 	struct buf **bpp;
    203 {
    204 	register struct buf *bp;
    205 
    206 	/* Get buffer for block. */
    207 	bp = *bpp = bio_doread(vp, blkno, size, cred, 0);
    208 
    209 	/* Wait for the read to complete, and return result. */
    210 	return (biowait(bp));
    211 }
    212 
    213 /*
    214  * Read-ahead multiple disk blocks. The first is sync, the rest async.
    215  * Trivial modification to the breada algorithm presented in Bach (p.55).
    216  */
    217 breadn(vp, blkno, size, rablks, rasizes, nrablks, cred, bpp)
    218 	struct vnode *vp;
    219 	daddr_t blkno; int size;
    220 	daddr_t rablks[]; int rasizes[];
    221 	int nrablks;
    222 	struct ucred *cred;
    223 	struct buf **bpp;
    224 {
    225 	register struct buf *bp;
    226 	int i;
    227 
    228 	bp = *bpp = bio_doread(vp, blkno, size, cred, 0);
    229 
    230 	/*
    231 	 * For each of the read-ahead blocks, start a read, if necessary.
    232 	 */
    233 	for (i = 0; i < nrablks; i++) {
    234 		/* If it's in the cache, just go on to next one. */
    235 		if (incore(vp, rablks[i]))
    236 			continue;
    237 
    238 		/* Get a buffer for the read-ahead block */
    239 		(void) bio_doread(vp, rablks[i], rasizes[i], cred, B_ASYNC);
    240 	}
    241 
    242 	/* Otherwise, we had to start a read for it; wait until it's valid. */
    243 	return (biowait(bp));
    244 }
    245 
    246 /*
    247  * Read with single-block read-ahead.  Defined in Bach (p.55), but
    248  * implemented as a call to breadn().
    249  * XXX for compatibility with old file systems.
    250  */
    251 breada(vp, blkno, size, rablkno, rabsize, cred, bpp)
    252 	struct vnode *vp;
    253 	daddr_t blkno; int size;
    254 	daddr_t rablkno; int rabsize;
    255 	struct ucred *cred;
    256 	struct buf **bpp;
    257 {
    258 
    259 	return (breadn(vp, blkno, size, &rablkno, &rabsize, 1, cred, bpp));
    260 }
    261 
    262 /*
    263  * Block write.  Described in Bach (p.56)
    264  */
    265 bwrite(bp)
    266 	struct buf *bp;
    267 {
    268 	int rv, s, sync, wasdelayed;
    269 
    270 	/* Remember buffer type, to switch on it later. */
    271 	sync = !ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_ASYNC);
    272 #if 0
    273 	if (sync && bp->b_vp && bp->b_vp->v_mount &&
    274 	    ISSET(bp->b_vp->v_mount->mnt_flag, MNT_ASYNC)) {
    275 		bdwrite(bp);
    276 		return (0);
    277 	}
    278 #endif
    279 	wasdelayed = ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI);
    280 	CLR(bp->b_flags, (B_READ | B_DONE | B_ERROR | B_DELWRI));
    281 
    282 	if (!sync) {
    283 		/*
    284 		 * If not synchronous, pay for the I/O operation and make
    285 		 * sure the buf is on the correct vnode queue.  We have
    286 		 * to do this now, because if we don't, the vnode may not
    287 		 * be properly notified that its I/O has completed.
    288 		 */
    289 		if (wasdelayed)
    290 			reassignbuf(bp, bp->b_vp);
    291 		else
    292 			curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_oublock++;
    293 	}
    294 
    295 	/* Initiate disk write.  Make sure the appropriate party is charged. */
    296 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_WRITEINPROG);
    297 	bp->b_vp->v_numoutput++;
    298 	VOP_STRATEGY(bp);
    299 
    300 	if (sync) {
    301 		/*
    302 		 * If I/O was synchronous, wait for it to complete.
    303 		 */
    304 		rv = biowait(bp);
    305 
    306 		/*
    307 		 * Pay for the I/O operation, if it's not been paid for, and
    308 		 * make sure it's on the correct vnode queue. (async operatings
    309 		 * were payed for above.)
    310 		 */
    311 		if (wasdelayed)
    312 			reassignbuf(bp, bp->b_vp);
    313 		else
    314 			curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_oublock++;
    315 
    316 		/* Release the buffer. */
    317 		brelse(bp);
    318 
    319 		return (rv);
    320 	} else {
    321 		return (0);
    322 	}
    323 }
    324 
    325 int
    326 vn_bwrite(ap)
    327 	struct vop_bwrite_args *ap;
    328 {
    329 
    330 	return (bwrite(ap->a_bp));
    331 }
    332 
    333 /*
    334  * Delayed write.
    335  *
    336  * The buffer is marked dirty, but is not queued for I/O.
    337  * This routine should be used when the buffer is expected
    338  * to be modified again soon, typically a small write that
    339  * partially fills a buffer.
    340  *
    341  * NB: magnetic tapes cannot be delayed; they must be
    342  * written in the order that the writes are requested.
    343  *
    344  * Described in Leffler, et al. (pp. 208-213).
    345  */
    346 void
    347 bdwrite(bp)
    348 	struct buf *bp;
    349 {
    350 
    351 	/*
    352 	 * If the block hasn't been seen before:
    353 	 *	(1) Mark it as having been seen,
    354 	 *	(2) Charge for the write.
    355 	 *	(3) Make sure it's on its vnode's correct block list,
    356 	 */
    357 	if (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI)) {
    358 		SET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI);
    359 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_oublock++;	/* XXX */
    360 		reassignbuf(bp, bp->b_vp);
    361 	}
    362 
    363 	/* If this is a tape block, write the block now. */
    364 	if (bdevsw[major(bp->b_dev)].d_type == D_TAPE) {
    365 		bwrite(bp);
    366 		return;
    367 	}
    368 
    369 	/* Otherwise, the "write" is done, so mark and release the buffer. */
    370 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE);
    371 	brelse(bp);
    372 }
    373 
    374 /*
    375  * Asynchronous block write; just an asynchronous bwrite().
    376  */
    377 void
    378 bawrite(bp)
    379 	struct buf *bp;
    380 {
    381 
    382 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_ASYNC);
    383 	VOP_BWRITE(bp);
    384 }
    385 
    386 /*
    387  * Release a buffer on to the free lists.
    388  * Described in Bach (p. 46).
    389  */
    390 void
    391 brelse(bp)
    392 	struct buf *bp;
    393 {
    394 	struct bqueues *bufq;
    395 	int s;
    396 
    397 	/* Wake up any processes waiting for any buffer to become free. */
    398 	if (needbuffer) {
    399 		needbuffer = 0;
    400 		wakeup(&needbuffer);
    401 	}
    402 
    403 	/* Wake up any proceeses waiting for _this_ buffer to become free. */
    404 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED)) {
    405 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED);
    406 		wakeup(bp);
    407 	}
    408 
    409 	/* Block disk interrupts. */
    410 	s = splbio();
    411 
    412 	/*
    413 	 * Determine which queue the buffer should be on, then put it there.
    414 	 */
    415 
    416 	/* If it's locked, don't report an error; try again later. */
    417 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, (B_LOCKED|B_ERROR)) == (B_LOCKED|B_ERROR))
    418 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_ERROR);
    419 
    420 	/* If it's not cacheable, or an error, mark it invalid. */
    421 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, (B_NOCACHE|B_ERROR)))
    422 		SET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    423 
    424 	if ((bp->b_bufsize <= 0) || ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL)) {
    425 		/*
    426 		 * If it's invalid or empty, dissociate it from its vnode
    427 		 * and put on the head of the appropriate queue.
    428 		 */
    429 		if (bp->b_vp)
    430 			brelvp(bp);
    431 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI);
    432 		if (bp->b_bufsize <= 0)
    433 			/* no data */
    434 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_EMPTY];
    435 		else
    436 			/* invalid data */
    437 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_AGE];
    438 		binsheadfree(bp, bufq);
    439 	} else {
    440 		/*
    441 		 * It has valid data.  Put it on the end of the appropriate
    442 		 * queue, so that it'll stick around for as long as possible.
    443 		 */
    444 		if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_LOCKED))
    445 			/* locked in core */
    446 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_LOCKED];
    447 		else if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_AGE))
    448 			/* stale but valid data */
    449 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_AGE];
    450 		else
    451 			/* valid data */
    452 			bufq = &bufqueues[BQ_LRU];
    453 		binstailfree(bp, bufq);
    454 	}
    455 
    456 	/* Unlock the buffer. */
    457 	CLR(bp->b_flags, (B_AGE | B_ASYNC | B_BUSY | B_NOCACHE));
    458 
    459 	/* Allow disk interrupts. */
    460 	splx(s);
    461 }
    462 
    463 /*
    464  * Determine if a block is in the cache.
    465  * Just look on what would be its hash chain.  If it's there, return
    466  * a pointer to it, unless it's marked invalid.  If it's marked invalid,
    467  * we normally don't return the buffer, unless the caller explicitly
    468  * wants us to.
    469  */
    470 struct buf *
    471 incore(vp, blkno)
    472 	struct vnode *vp;
    473 	daddr_t blkno;
    474 {
    475 	struct buf *bp;
    476 
    477 	bp = BUFHASH(vp, blkno)->lh_first;
    478 
    479 	/* Search hash chain */
    480 	for (; bp != NULL; bp = bp->b_hash.le_next) {
    481 		if (bp->b_lblkno == blkno && bp->b_vp == vp &&
    482 		    !ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL))
    483 		return (bp);
    484 	}
    485 
    486 	return (0);
    487 }
    488 
    489 /*
    490  * Get a block of requested size that is associated with
    491  * a given vnode and block offset. If it is found in the
    492  * block cache, mark it as having been found, make it busy
    493  * and return it. Otherwise, return an empty block of the
    494  * correct size. It is up to the caller to insure that the
    495  * cached blocks be of the correct size.
    496  */
    497 struct buf *
    498 getblk(vp, blkno, size, slpflag, slptimeo)
    499 	register struct vnode *vp;
    500 	daddr_t blkno;
    501 	int size, slpflag, slptimeo;
    502 {
    503 	struct buf *bp;
    504 	int s, err;
    505 
    506 start:
    507 	s = splbio();
    508 
    509 	/*
    510 	 * XXX
    511 	 * The following is an inlined version of 'incore()', but with
    512 	 * the 'invalid' test moved to after the 'busy' test.  It's
    513 	 * necessary because there are some cases in which the NFS
    514 	 * code sets B_INVAL prior to writing data to the server, but
    515 	 * in which the buffers actually contain valid data.  In this
    516 	 * case, we can't allow the system to allocate a new buffer for
    517 	 * the block until the write is finished.
    518 	 */
    519 loop:
    520         bp = BUFHASH(vp, blkno)->lh_first;
    521         for (; bp != NULL; bp = bp->b_hash.le_next) {
    522                 if (bp->b_lblkno != blkno || bp->b_vp != vp)
    523 			continue;
    524 
    525 		if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_BUSY)) {
    526 			SET(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED);
    527 			err = tsleep(bp, slpflag | (PRIBIO + 1), "getblk",
    528 			    slptimeo);
    529 			splx(s);
    530 			if (err)
    531 				return (NULL);
    532 			goto start;
    533 		}
    534 
    535 		if (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL))
    536 			break;
    537         }
    538 
    539 	if (bp) {
    540 		SET(bp->b_flags, (B_BUSY | B_CACHE));
    541 		bremfree(bp);
    542 		splx(s);
    543 		allocbuf(bp, size);
    544 	} else {
    545 		splx(s);
    546 		if ((bp = getnewbuf(slpflag, slptimeo)) == NULL)
    547 			goto start;
    548 		binshash(bp, BUFHASH(vp, blkno));
    549 		allocbuf(bp, size);
    550 		bp->b_blkno = bp->b_lblkno = blkno;
    551 		s = splbio();
    552 		bgetvp(vp, bp);
    553 		splx(s);
    554 	}
    555 	return (bp);
    556 }
    557 
    558 /*
    559  * Get an empty, disassociated buffer of given size.
    560  */
    561 struct buf *
    562 geteblk(size)
    563 	int size;
    564 {
    565 	struct buf *bp;
    566 
    567 	while ((bp = getnewbuf(0, 0)) == 0)
    568 		;
    569 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    570 	binshash(bp, &invalhash);
    571 	allocbuf(bp, size);
    572 
    573 	return (bp);
    574 }
    575 
    576 /*
    577  * Expand or contract the actual memory allocated to a buffer.
    578  *
    579  * If the buffer shrinks, data is lost, so it's up to the
    580  * caller to have written it out *first*; this routine will not
    581  * start a write.  If the buffer grows, it's the callers
    582  * responsibility to fill out the buffer's additional contents.
    583  */
    584 allocbuf(bp, size)
    585 	struct buf *bp;
    586 	int size;
    587 {
    588 	struct buf      *nbp;
    589 	vm_size_t       desired_size;
    590 	int	     s;
    591 
    592 	desired_size = roundup(size, CLBYTES);
    593 	if (desired_size > MAXBSIZE)
    594 		panic("allocbuf: buffer larger than MAXBSIZE requested");
    595 
    596 	if (bp->b_bufsize == desired_size)
    597 		goto out;
    598 
    599 	/*
    600 	 * If the buffer is smaller than the desired size, we need to snarf
    601 	 * it from other buffers.  Get buffers (via getnewbuf()), and
    602 	 * steal their pages.
    603 	 */
    604 	while (bp->b_bufsize < desired_size) {
    605 		int amt;
    606 
    607 		/* find a buffer */
    608 		while ((nbp = getnewbuf(0, 0)) == NULL)
    609 			;
    610 		SET(nbp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    611 		binshash(nbp, &invalhash);
    612 
    613 		/* and steal its pages, up to the amount we need */
    614 		amt = min(nbp->b_bufsize, (desired_size - bp->b_bufsize));
    615 		pagemove((nbp->b_data + nbp->b_bufsize - amt),
    616 			bp->b_data + bp->b_bufsize, amt);
    617 		bp->b_bufsize += amt;
    618 		nbp->b_bufsize -= amt;
    619 
    620 		/* reduce transfer count if we stole some data */
    621 		if (nbp->b_bcount > nbp->b_bufsize)
    622 			nbp->b_bcount = nbp->b_bufsize;
    623 
    624 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
    625 		if (nbp->b_bufsize < 0)
    626 			panic("allocbuf: negative bufsize");
    627 #endif
    628 
    629 		brelse(nbp);
    630 	}
    631 
    632 	/*
    633 	 * If we want a buffer smaller than the current size,
    634 	 * shrink this buffer.  Grab a buf head from the EMPTY queue,
    635 	 * move a page onto it, and put it on front of the AGE queue.
    636 	 * If there are no free buffer headers, leave the buffer alone.
    637 	 */
    638 	if (bp->b_bufsize > desired_size) {
    639 		s = splbio();
    640 		if ((nbp = bufqueues[BQ_EMPTY].tqh_first) == NULL) {
    641 			/* No free buffer head */
    642 			splx(s);
    643 			goto out;
    644 		}
    645 		bremfree(nbp);
    646 		SET(nbp->b_flags, B_BUSY);
    647 		splx(s);
    648 
    649 		/* move the page to it and note this change */
    650 		pagemove(bp->b_data + desired_size,
    651 		    nbp->b_data, bp->b_bufsize - desired_size);
    652 		nbp->b_bufsize = bp->b_bufsize - desired_size;
    653 		bp->b_bufsize = desired_size;
    654 		nbp->b_bcount = 0;
    655 		SET(nbp->b_flags, B_INVAL);
    656 
    657 		/* release the newly-filled buffer and leave */
    658 		brelse(nbp);
    659 	}
    660 
    661 out:
    662 	bp->b_bcount = size;
    663 }
    664 
    665 /*
    666  * Find a buffer which is available for use.
    667  * Select something from a free list.
    668  * Preference is to AGE list, then LRU list.
    669  */
    670 struct buf *
    671 getnewbuf(slpflag, slptimeo)
    672 	int slpflag, slptimeo;
    673 {
    674 	register struct buf *bp;
    675 	int s;
    676 
    677 start:
    678 	s = splbio();
    679 	if ((bp = bufqueues[BQ_AGE].tqh_first) != NULL ||
    680 	    (bp = bufqueues[BQ_LRU].tqh_first) != NULL) {
    681 		bremfree(bp);
    682 	} else {
    683 		/* wait for a free buffer of any kind */
    684 		needbuffer = 1;
    685 		tsleep(&needbuffer, slpflag|(PRIBIO+1), "getnewbuf", slptimeo);
    686 		splx(s);
    687 		return (0);
    688 	}
    689 
    690 	/* Buffer is no longer on free lists. */
    691 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_BUSY);
    692 	splx(s);
    693 
    694 	/* If buffer was a delayed write, start it, and go back to the top. */
    695 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DELWRI)) {
    696 		bawrite (bp);
    697 		goto start;
    698 	}
    699 
    700 	/* disassociate us from our vnode, if we had one... */
    701 	s = splbio();
    702 	if (bp->b_vp)
    703 		brelvp(bp);
    704 	splx(s);
    705 
    706 	/* clear out various other fields */
    707 	bp->b_flags = B_BUSY;
    708 	bp->b_dev = NODEV;
    709 	bp->b_blkno = bp->b_lblkno = 0;
    710 	bp->b_iodone = 0;
    711 	bp->b_error = 0;
    712 	bp->b_resid = 0;
    713 	bp->b_bcount = 0;
    714 	bp->b_dirtyoff = bp->b_dirtyend = 0;
    715 	bp->b_validoff = bp->b_validend = 0;
    716 
    717 	/* nuke any credentials we were holding */
    718 	if (bp->b_rcred != NOCRED) {
    719 		crfree(bp->b_rcred);
    720 		bp->b_rcred = NOCRED;
    721 	}
    722 	if (bp->b_wcred != NOCRED) {
    723 		crfree(bp->b_wcred);
    724 		bp->b_wcred = NOCRED;
    725 	}
    726 
    727 	bremhash(bp);
    728 	return (bp);
    729 }
    730 
    731 /*
    732  * Wait for operations on the buffer to complete.
    733  * When they do, extract and return the I/O's error value.
    734  */
    735 int
    736 biowait(bp)
    737 	struct buf *bp;
    738 {
    739 	int s;
    740 
    741 	s = splbio();
    742 	while (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE))
    743 		tsleep(bp, PRIBIO + 1, "biowait", 0);
    744 	splx(s);
    745 
    746 	/* check for interruption of I/O (e.g. via NFS), then errors. */
    747 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_EINTR)) {
    748 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_EINTR);
    749 		return (EINTR);
    750 	} else if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_ERROR))
    751 		return (bp->b_error ? bp->b_error : EIO);
    752 	else
    753 		return (0);
    754 }
    755 
    756 /*
    757  * Mark I/O complete on a buffer.
    758  *
    759  * If a callback has been requested, e.g. the pageout
    760  * daemon, do so. Otherwise, awaken waiting processes.
    761  *
    762  * [ Leffler, et al., says on p.247:
    763  *	"This routine wakes up the blocked process, frees the buffer
    764  *	for an asynchronous write, or, for a request by the pagedaemon
    765  *	process, invokes a procedure specified in the buffer structure" ]
    766  *
    767  * In real life, the pagedaemon (or other system processes) wants
    768  * to do async stuff to, and doesn't want the buffer brelse()'d.
    769  * (for swap pager, that puts swap buffers on the free lists (!!!),
    770  * for the vn device, that puts malloc'd buffers on the free lists!)
    771  */
    772 void
    773 biodone(bp)
    774 	struct buf *bp;
    775 {
    776 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE))
    777 		panic("biodone already");
    778 	SET(bp->b_flags, B_DONE);		/* note that it's done */
    779 
    780 	if (!ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_READ))	/* wake up reader */
    781 		vwakeup(bp);
    782 
    783 	if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_CALL)) {	/* if necessary, call out */
    784 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_CALL);	/* but note callout done */
    785 		(*bp->b_iodone)(bp);
    786 	} else if (ISSET(bp->b_flags, B_ASYNC))	/* if async, release it */
    787 		brelse(bp);
    788 	else {					/* or just wakeup the buffer */
    789 		CLR(bp->b_flags, B_WANTED);
    790 		wakeup(bp);
    791 	}
    792 }
    793 
    794 /*
    795  * Return a count of buffers on the "locked" queue.
    796  */
    797 int
    798 count_lock_queue()
    799 {
    800 	register struct buf *bp;
    801 	register int n = 0;
    802 
    803 	for (bp = bufqueues[BQ_LOCKED].tqh_first; bp;
    804 	    bp = bp->b_freelist.tqe_next)
    805 		n++;
    806 	return (n);
    807 }
    808 
    809 #ifdef DEBUG
    810 /*
    811  * Print out statistics on the current allocation of the buffer pool.
    812  * Can be enabled to print out on every ``sync'' by setting "syncprt"
    813  * in vfs_syscalls.c using sysctl.
    814  */
    815 void
    816 vfs_bufstats()
    817 {
    818 	int s, i, j, count;
    819 	register struct buf *bp;
    820 	register struct bqueues *dp;
    821 	int counts[MAXBSIZE/CLBYTES+1];
    822 	static char *bname[BQUEUES] = { "LOCKED", "LRU", "AGE", "EMPTY" };
    823 
    824 	for (dp = bufqueues, i = 0; dp < &bufqueues[BQUEUES]; dp++, i++) {
    825 		count = 0;
    826 		for (j = 0; j <= MAXBSIZE/CLBYTES; j++)
    827 			counts[j] = 0;
    828 		s = splbio();
    829 		for (bp = dp->tqh_first; bp; bp = bp->b_freelist.tqe_next) {
    830 			counts[bp->b_bufsize/CLBYTES]++;
    831 			count++;
    832 		}
    833 		splx(s);
    834 		printf("%s: total-%d", bname[i], count);
    835 		for (j = 0; j <= MAXBSIZE/CLBYTES; j++)
    836 			if (counts[j] != 0)
    837 				printf(", %d-%d", j * CLBYTES, counts[j]);
    838 		printf("\n");
    839 	}
    840 }
    841 #endif /* DEBUG */
    842