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spec_vnops.c revision 1.25
      1 /*	$NetBSD: spec_vnops.c,v 1.25 1995/07/08 00:42:45 cgd Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*
      4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
      5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
      6  *
      7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
      9  * are met:
     10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
     16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
     17  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
     18  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
     19  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     21  *    without specific prior written permission.
     22  *
     23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
     34  *
     35  *	@(#)spec_vnops.c	8.8 (Berkeley) 11/21/94
     36  */
     37 
     38 #include <sys/param.h>
     39 #include <sys/proc.h>
     40 #include <sys/systm.h>
     41 #include <sys/kernel.h>
     42 #include <sys/conf.h>
     43 #include <sys/buf.h>
     44 #include <sys/mount.h>
     45 #include <sys/namei.h>
     46 #include <sys/vnode.h>
     47 #include <sys/stat.h>
     48 #include <sys/errno.h>
     49 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
     50 #include <sys/file.h>
     51 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
     52 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
     53 
     54 /* symbolic sleep message strings for devices */
     55 char	devopn[] = "devopn";
     56 char	devio[] = "devio";
     57 char	devwait[] = "devwait";
     58 char	devin[] = "devin";
     59 char	devout[] = "devout";
     60 char	devioc[] = "devioc";
     61 char	devcls[] = "devcls";
     62 
     63 int (**spec_vnodeop_p)();
     64 struct vnodeopv_entry_desc spec_vnodeop_entries[] = {
     65 	{ &vop_default_desc, vn_default_error },
     66 	{ &vop_lookup_desc, spec_lookup },		/* lookup */
     67 	{ &vop_create_desc, spec_create },		/* create */
     68 	{ &vop_mknod_desc, spec_mknod },		/* mknod */
     69 	{ &vop_open_desc, spec_open },			/* open */
     70 	{ &vop_close_desc, spec_close },		/* close */
     71 	{ &vop_access_desc, spec_access },		/* access */
     72 	{ &vop_getattr_desc, spec_getattr },		/* getattr */
     73 	{ &vop_setattr_desc, spec_setattr },		/* setattr */
     74 	{ &vop_read_desc, spec_read },			/* read */
     75 	{ &vop_write_desc, spec_write },		/* write */
     76 	{ &vop_lease_desc, spec_lease_check },		/* lease */
     77 	{ &vop_ioctl_desc, spec_ioctl },		/* ioctl */
     78 	{ &vop_select_desc, spec_select },		/* select */
     79 	{ &vop_mmap_desc, spec_mmap },			/* mmap */
     80 	{ &vop_fsync_desc, spec_fsync },		/* fsync */
     81 	{ &vop_seek_desc, spec_seek },			/* seek */
     82 	{ &vop_remove_desc, spec_remove },		/* remove */
     83 	{ &vop_link_desc, spec_link },			/* link */
     84 	{ &vop_rename_desc, spec_rename },		/* rename */
     85 	{ &vop_mkdir_desc, spec_mkdir },		/* mkdir */
     86 	{ &vop_rmdir_desc, spec_rmdir },		/* rmdir */
     87 	{ &vop_symlink_desc, spec_symlink },		/* symlink */
     88 	{ &vop_readdir_desc, spec_readdir },		/* readdir */
     89 	{ &vop_readlink_desc, spec_readlink },		/* readlink */
     90 	{ &vop_abortop_desc, spec_abortop },		/* abortop */
     91 	{ &vop_inactive_desc, spec_inactive },		/* inactive */
     92 	{ &vop_reclaim_desc, spec_reclaim },		/* reclaim */
     93 	{ &vop_lock_desc, spec_lock },			/* lock */
     94 	{ &vop_unlock_desc, spec_unlock },		/* unlock */
     95 	{ &vop_bmap_desc, spec_bmap },			/* bmap */
     96 	{ &vop_strategy_desc, spec_strategy },		/* strategy */
     97 	{ &vop_print_desc, spec_print },		/* print */
     98 	{ &vop_islocked_desc, spec_islocked },		/* islocked */
     99 	{ &vop_pathconf_desc, spec_pathconf },		/* pathconf */
    100 	{ &vop_advlock_desc, spec_advlock },		/* advlock */
    101 	{ &vop_blkatoff_desc, spec_blkatoff },		/* blkatoff */
    102 	{ &vop_valloc_desc, spec_valloc },		/* valloc */
    103 	{ &vop_vfree_desc, spec_vfree },		/* vfree */
    104 	{ &vop_truncate_desc, spec_truncate },		/* truncate */
    105 	{ &vop_update_desc, spec_update },		/* update */
    106 	{ &vop_bwrite_desc, spec_bwrite },		/* bwrite */
    107 	{ (struct vnodeop_desc*)NULL, (int(*)())NULL }
    108 };
    109 struct vnodeopv_desc spec_vnodeop_opv_desc =
    110 	{ &spec_vnodeop_p, spec_vnodeop_entries };
    111 
    112 /*
    113  * Trivial lookup routine that always fails.
    114  */
    115 int
    116 spec_lookup(ap)
    117 	struct vop_lookup_args /* {
    118 		struct vnode *a_dvp;
    119 		struct vnode **a_vpp;
    120 		struct componentname *a_cnp;
    121 	} */ *ap;
    122 {
    123 
    124 	*ap->a_vpp = NULL;
    125 	return (ENOTDIR);
    126 }
    127 
    128 /*
    129  * Open a special file.
    130  */
    131 /* ARGSUSED */
    132 spec_open(ap)
    133 	struct vop_open_args /* {
    134 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    135 		int  a_mode;
    136 		struct ucred *a_cred;
    137 		struct proc *a_p;
    138 	} */ *ap;
    139 {
    140 	struct vnode *bvp, *vp = ap->a_vp;
    141 	dev_t bdev, dev = (dev_t)vp->v_rdev;
    142 	register int maj = major(dev);
    143 	int error;
    144 
    145 	/*
    146 	 * Don't allow open if fs is mounted -nodev.
    147 	 */
    148 	if (vp->v_mount && (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NODEV))
    149 		return (ENXIO);
    150 
    151 	switch (vp->v_type) {
    152 
    153 	case VCHR:
    154 		if ((u_int)maj >= nchrdev)
    155 			return (ENXIO);
    156 		if (ap->a_cred != FSCRED && (ap->a_mode & FWRITE)) {
    157 			/*
    158 			 * When running in very secure mode, do not allow
    159 			 * opens for writing of any disk character devices.
    160 			 */
    161 			if (securelevel >= 2 && cdevsw[maj].d_type == D_DISK)
    162 				return (EPERM);
    163 			/*
    164 			 * When running in secure mode, do not allow opens
    165 			 * for writing of /dev/mem, /dev/kmem, or character
    166 			 * devices whose corresponding block devices are
    167 			 * currently mounted.
    168 			 */
    169 			if (securelevel >= 1) {
    170 				if ((bdev = chrtoblk(dev)) != NODEV &&
    171 				    vfinddev(bdev, VBLK, &bvp) &&
    172 				    bvp->v_usecount > 0 &&
    173 				    (error = vfs_mountedon(bvp)))
    174 					return (error);
    175 				if (iskmemdev(dev))
    176 					return (EPERM);
    177 			}
    178 		}
    179 		if (cdevsw[maj].d_type == D_TTY)
    180 			vp->v_flag |= VISTTY;
    181 		VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
    182 		error = (*cdevsw[maj].d_open)(dev, ap->a_mode, S_IFCHR, ap->a_p);
    183 		VOP_LOCK(vp);
    184 		return (error);
    185 
    186 	case VBLK:
    187 		if ((u_int)maj >= nblkdev)
    188 			return (ENXIO);
    189 		/*
    190 		 * When running in very secure mode, do not allow
    191 		 * opens for writing of any disk block devices.
    192 		 */
    193 		if (securelevel >= 2 && ap->a_cred != FSCRED &&
    194 		    (ap->a_mode & FWRITE) && bdevsw[maj].d_type == D_DISK)
    195 			return (EPERM);
    196 		/*
    197 		 * Do not allow opens of block devices that are
    198 		 * currently mounted.
    199 		 */
    200 		if (error = vfs_mountedon(vp))
    201 			return (error);
    202 		return ((*bdevsw[maj].d_open)(dev, ap->a_mode, S_IFBLK, ap->a_p));
    203 	}
    204 	return (0);
    205 }
    206 
    207 /*
    208  * Vnode op for read
    209  */
    210 /* ARGSUSED */
    211 spec_read(ap)
    212 	struct vop_read_args /* {
    213 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    214 		struct uio *a_uio;
    215 		int  a_ioflag;
    216 		struct ucred *a_cred;
    217 	} */ *ap;
    218 {
    219 	register struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
    220 	register struct uio *uio = ap->a_uio;
    221  	struct proc *p = uio->uio_procp;
    222 	struct buf *bp;
    223 	daddr_t bn, nextbn;
    224 	long bsize, bscale, ssize;
    225 	struct partinfo dpart;
    226 	int n, on, majordev, (*ioctl)();
    227 	int error = 0;
    228 
    229 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
    230 	if (uio->uio_rw != UIO_READ)
    231 		panic("spec_read mode");
    232 	if (uio->uio_segflg == UIO_USERSPACE && uio->uio_procp != curproc)
    233 		panic("spec_read proc");
    234 #endif
    235 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
    236 		return (0);
    237 
    238 	switch (vp->v_type) {
    239 
    240 	case VCHR:
    241 		VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
    242 		error = (*cdevsw[major(vp->v_rdev)].d_read)
    243 			(vp->v_rdev, uio, ap->a_ioflag);
    244 		VOP_LOCK(vp);
    245 		return (error);
    246 
    247 	case VBLK:
    248 		if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
    249 			return (0);
    250 		if (uio->uio_offset < 0)
    251 			return (EINVAL);
    252 		bsize = BLKDEV_IOSIZE;
    253 		ssize = DEV_BSIZE;
    254 		if ((majordev = major(vp->v_rdev)) < nblkdev &&
    255 		    (ioctl = bdevsw[majordev].d_ioctl) != NULL &&
    256 		    (*ioctl)(vp->v_rdev, DIOCGPART, (caddr_t)&dpart, FREAD, p) == 0) {
    257 			if (dpart.part->p_fstype == FS_BSDFFS &&
    258 			    dpart.part->p_frag != 0 && dpart.part->p_fsize != 0)
    259 				bsize = dpart.part->p_frag *
    260 				    dpart.part->p_fsize;
    261 			if (dpart.disklab->d_secsize != 0)
    262 				ssize = dpart.disklab->d_secsize;
    263 		}
    264 		bscale = bsize / ssize;
    265 		do {
    266 			bn = (uio->uio_offset / ssize) &~ (bscale - 1);
    267 			on = uio->uio_offset % bsize;
    268 			n = min((unsigned)(bsize - on), uio->uio_resid);
    269 			if (vp->v_lastr + bscale == bn) {
    270 				nextbn = bn + bscale;
    271 				error = breadn(vp, bn, (int)bsize, &nextbn,
    272 					(int *)&bsize, 1, NOCRED, &bp);
    273 			} else
    274 				error = bread(vp, bn, (int)bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
    275 			vp->v_lastr = bn;
    276 			n = min(n, bsize - bp->b_resid);
    277 			if (error) {
    278 				brelse(bp);
    279 				return (error);
    280 			}
    281 			error = uiomove((char *)bp->b_data + on, n, uio);
    282 			if (n + on == bsize)
    283 				bp->b_flags |= B_AGE;
    284 			brelse(bp);
    285 		} while (error == 0 && uio->uio_resid > 0 && n != 0);
    286 		return (error);
    287 
    288 	default:
    289 		panic("spec_read type");
    290 	}
    291 	/* NOTREACHED */
    292 }
    293 
    294 /*
    295  * Vnode op for write
    296  */
    297 /* ARGSUSED */
    298 spec_write(ap)
    299 	struct vop_write_args /* {
    300 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    301 		struct uio *a_uio;
    302 		int  a_ioflag;
    303 		struct ucred *a_cred;
    304 	} */ *ap;
    305 {
    306 	register struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
    307 	register struct uio *uio = ap->a_uio;
    308 	struct proc *p = uio->uio_procp;
    309 	struct buf *bp;
    310 	daddr_t bn;
    311 	long bsize, bscale, ssize;
    312 	struct partinfo dpart;
    313 	int n, on, majordev, (*ioctl)();
    314 	int error = 0;
    315 
    316 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
    317 	if (uio->uio_rw != UIO_WRITE)
    318 		panic("spec_write mode");
    319 	if (uio->uio_segflg == UIO_USERSPACE && uio->uio_procp != curproc)
    320 		panic("spec_write proc");
    321 #endif
    322 
    323 	switch (vp->v_type) {
    324 
    325 	case VCHR:
    326 		VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
    327 		error = (*cdevsw[major(vp->v_rdev)].d_write)
    328 			(vp->v_rdev, uio, ap->a_ioflag);
    329 		VOP_LOCK(vp);
    330 		return (error);
    331 
    332 	case VBLK:
    333 		if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
    334 			return (0);
    335 		if (uio->uio_offset < 0)
    336 			return (EINVAL);
    337 		bsize = BLKDEV_IOSIZE;
    338 		ssize = DEV_BSIZE;
    339 		if ((majordev = major(vp->v_rdev)) < nblkdev &&
    340 		    (ioctl = bdevsw[majordev].d_ioctl) != NULL &&
    341 		    (*ioctl)(vp->v_rdev, DIOCGPART, (caddr_t)&dpart, FREAD, p) == 0) {
    342 			if (dpart.part->p_fstype == FS_BSDFFS &&
    343 			    dpart.part->p_frag != 0 && dpart.part->p_fsize != 0)
    344 				bsize = dpart.part->p_frag *
    345 				    dpart.part->p_fsize;
    346 			if (dpart.disklab->d_secsize != 0)
    347 				ssize = dpart.disklab->d_secsize;
    348 		}
    349 		bscale = bsize / ssize;
    350 		do {
    351 			bn = (uio->uio_offset / ssize) &~ (bscale - 1);
    352 			on = uio->uio_offset % bsize;
    353 			n = min((unsigned)(bsize - on), uio->uio_resid);
    354 			if (n == bsize)
    355 				bp = getblk(vp, bn, bsize, 0, 0);
    356 			else
    357 				error = bread(vp, bn, bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
    358 			n = min(n, bsize - bp->b_resid);
    359 			if (error) {
    360 				brelse(bp);
    361 				return (error);
    362 			}
    363 			error = uiomove((char *)bp->b_data + on, n, uio);
    364 			if (n + on == bsize) {
    365 				bp->b_flags |= B_AGE;
    366 				bawrite(bp);
    367 			} else
    368 				bdwrite(bp);
    369 		} while (error == 0 && uio->uio_resid > 0 && n != 0);
    370 		return (error);
    371 
    372 	default:
    373 		panic("spec_write type");
    374 	}
    375 	/* NOTREACHED */
    376 }
    377 
    378 /*
    379  * Device ioctl operation.
    380  */
    381 /* ARGSUSED */
    382 spec_ioctl(ap)
    383 	struct vop_ioctl_args /* {
    384 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    385 		u_long a_command;
    386 		caddr_t  a_data;
    387 		int  a_fflag;
    388 		struct ucred *a_cred;
    389 		struct proc *a_p;
    390 	} */ *ap;
    391 {
    392 	dev_t dev = ap->a_vp->v_rdev;
    393 	int maj = major(dev);
    394 
    395 	switch (ap->a_vp->v_type) {
    396 
    397 	case VCHR:
    398 		return ((*cdevsw[maj].d_ioctl)(dev, ap->a_command, ap->a_data,
    399 		    ap->a_fflag, ap->a_p));
    400 
    401 	case VBLK:
    402 		if (ap->a_command == 0 && (long)ap->a_data == B_TAPE)
    403 			if (bdevsw[maj].d_type == D_TAPE)
    404 				return (0);
    405 			else
    406 				return (1);
    407 		return ((*bdevsw[maj].d_ioctl)(dev, ap->a_command, ap->a_data,
    408 		   ap->a_fflag, ap->a_p));
    409 
    410 	default:
    411 		panic("spec_ioctl");
    412 		/* NOTREACHED */
    413 	}
    414 }
    415 
    416 /* ARGSUSED */
    417 spec_select(ap)
    418 	struct vop_select_args /* {
    419 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    420 		int  a_which;
    421 		int  a_fflags;
    422 		struct ucred *a_cred;
    423 		struct proc *a_p;
    424 	} */ *ap;
    425 {
    426 	register dev_t dev;
    427 
    428 	switch (ap->a_vp->v_type) {
    429 
    430 	default:
    431 		return (1);		/* XXX */
    432 
    433 	case VCHR:
    434 		dev = ap->a_vp->v_rdev;
    435 		return (*cdevsw[major(dev)].d_select)(dev, ap->a_which, ap->a_p);
    436 	}
    437 }
    438 /*
    439  * Synch buffers associated with a block device
    440  */
    441 /* ARGSUSED */
    442 int
    443 spec_fsync(ap)
    444 	struct vop_fsync_args /* {
    445 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    446 		struct ucred *a_cred;
    447 		int  a_waitfor;
    448 		struct proc *a_p;
    449 	} */ *ap;
    450 {
    451 	register struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
    452 	register struct buf *bp;
    453 	struct buf *nbp;
    454 	int s;
    455 
    456 	if (vp->v_type == VCHR)
    457 		return (0);
    458 	/*
    459 	 * Flush all dirty buffers associated with a block device.
    460 	 */
    461 loop:
    462 	s = splbio();
    463 	for (bp = vp->v_dirtyblkhd.lh_first; bp; bp = nbp) {
    464 		nbp = bp->b_vnbufs.le_next;
    465 		if ((bp->b_flags & B_BUSY))
    466 			continue;
    467 		if ((bp->b_flags & B_DELWRI) == 0)
    468 			panic("spec_fsync: not dirty");
    469 		bremfree(bp);
    470 		bp->b_flags |= B_BUSY;
    471 		splx(s);
    472 		bawrite(bp);
    473 		goto loop;
    474 	}
    475 	if (ap->a_waitfor == MNT_WAIT) {
    476 		while (vp->v_numoutput) {
    477 			vp->v_flag |= VBWAIT;
    478 			sleep((caddr_t)&vp->v_numoutput, PRIBIO + 1);
    479 		}
    480 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
    481 		if (vp->v_dirtyblkhd.lh_first) {
    482 			splx(s);
    483 			vprint("spec_fsync: dirty", vp);
    484 			goto loop;
    485 		}
    486 #endif
    487 	}
    488 	splx(s);
    489 	return (0);
    490 }
    491 
    492 /*
    493  * Just call the device strategy routine
    494  */
    495 spec_strategy(ap)
    496 	struct vop_strategy_args /* {
    497 		struct buf *a_bp;
    498 	} */ *ap;
    499 {
    500 
    501 	(*bdevsw[major(ap->a_bp->b_dev)].d_strategy)(ap->a_bp);
    502 	return (0);
    503 }
    504 
    505 /*
    506  * This is a noop, simply returning what one has been given.
    507  */
    508 spec_bmap(ap)
    509 	struct vop_bmap_args /* {
    510 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    511 		daddr_t  a_bn;
    512 		struct vnode **a_vpp;
    513 		daddr_t *a_bnp;
    514 	} */ *ap;
    515 {
    516 
    517 	if (ap->a_vpp != NULL)
    518 		*ap->a_vpp = ap->a_vp;
    519 	if (ap->a_bnp != NULL)
    520 		*ap->a_bnp = ap->a_bn;
    521 	return (0);
    522 }
    523 
    524 /*
    525  * At the moment we do not do any locking.
    526  */
    527 /* ARGSUSED */
    528 spec_lock(ap)
    529 	struct vop_lock_args /* {
    530 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    531 	} */ *ap;
    532 {
    533 
    534 	return (0);
    535 }
    536 
    537 /* ARGSUSED */
    538 spec_unlock(ap)
    539 	struct vop_unlock_args /* {
    540 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    541 	} */ *ap;
    542 {
    543 
    544 	return (0);
    545 }
    546 
    547 /*
    548  * Device close routine
    549  */
    550 /* ARGSUSED */
    551 spec_close(ap)
    552 	struct vop_close_args /* {
    553 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    554 		int  a_fflag;
    555 		struct ucred *a_cred;
    556 		struct proc *a_p;
    557 	} */ *ap;
    558 {
    559 	register struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
    560 	dev_t dev = vp->v_rdev;
    561 	int (*devclose) __P((dev_t, int, int, struct proc *));
    562 	int mode, error;
    563 
    564 	switch (vp->v_type) {
    565 
    566 	case VCHR:
    567 		/*
    568 		 * Hack: a tty device that is a controlling terminal
    569 		 * has a reference from the session structure.
    570 		 * We cannot easily tell that a character device is
    571 		 * a controlling terminal, unless it is the closing
    572 		 * process' controlling terminal.  In that case,
    573 		 * if the reference count is 2 (this last descriptor
    574 		 * plus the session), release the reference from the session.
    575 		 */
    576 		if (vcount(vp) == 2 && ap->a_p &&
    577 		    vp == ap->a_p->p_session->s_ttyvp) {
    578 			vrele(vp);
    579 			ap->a_p->p_session->s_ttyvp = NULL;
    580 		}
    581 		/*
    582 		 * If the vnode is locked, then we are in the midst
    583 		 * of forcably closing the device, otherwise we only
    584 		 * close on last reference.
    585 		 */
    586 		if (vcount(vp) > 1 && (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) == 0)
    587 			return (0);
    588 		devclose = cdevsw[major(dev)].d_close;
    589 		mode = S_IFCHR;
    590 		break;
    591 
    592 	case VBLK:
    593 		/*
    594 		 * On last close of a block device (that isn't mounted)
    595 		 * we must invalidate any in core blocks, so that
    596 		 * we can, for instance, change floppy disks.
    597 		 */
    598 		if (error = vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, ap->a_cred, ap->a_p, 0, 0))
    599 			return (error);
    600 		/*
    601 		 * We do not want to really close the device if it
    602 		 * is still in use unless we are trying to close it
    603 		 * forcibly. Since every use (buffer, vnode, swap, cmap)
    604 		 * holds a reference to the vnode, and because we mark
    605 		 * any other vnodes that alias this device, when the
    606 		 * sum of the reference counts on all the aliased
    607 		 * vnodes descends to one, we are on last close.
    608 		 */
    609 		if (vcount(vp) > 1 && (vp->v_flag & VXLOCK) == 0)
    610 			return (0);
    611 		devclose = bdevsw[major(dev)].d_close;
    612 		mode = S_IFBLK;
    613 		break;
    614 
    615 	default:
    616 		panic("spec_close: not special");
    617 	}
    618 
    619 	return ((*devclose)(dev, ap->a_fflag, mode, ap->a_p));
    620 }
    621 
    622 /*
    623  * Print out the contents of a special device vnode.
    624  */
    625 spec_print(ap)
    626 	struct vop_print_args /* {
    627 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    628 	} */ *ap;
    629 {
    630 
    631 	printf("tag VT_NON, dev %d, %d\n", major(ap->a_vp->v_rdev),
    632 		minor(ap->a_vp->v_rdev));
    633 }
    634 
    635 /*
    636  * Return POSIX pathconf information applicable to special devices.
    637  */
    638 spec_pathconf(ap)
    639 	struct vop_pathconf_args /* {
    640 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    641 		int a_name;
    642 		register_t *a_retval;
    643 	} */ *ap;
    644 {
    645 
    646 	switch (ap->a_name) {
    647 	case _PC_LINK_MAX:
    648 		*ap->a_retval = LINK_MAX;
    649 		return (0);
    650 	case _PC_MAX_CANON:
    651 		*ap->a_retval = MAX_CANON;
    652 		return (0);
    653 	case _PC_MAX_INPUT:
    654 		*ap->a_retval = MAX_INPUT;
    655 		return (0);
    656 	case _PC_PIPE_BUF:
    657 		*ap->a_retval = PIPE_BUF;
    658 		return (0);
    659 	case _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED:
    660 		*ap->a_retval = 1;
    661 		return (0);
    662 	case _PC_VDISABLE:
    663 		*ap->a_retval = _POSIX_VDISABLE;
    664 		return (0);
    665 	default:
    666 		return (EINVAL);
    667 	}
    668 	/* NOTREACHED */
    669 }
    670 
    671 /*
    672  * Special device advisory byte-level locks.
    673  */
    674 /* ARGSUSED */
    675 spec_advlock(ap)
    676 	struct vop_advlock_args /* {
    677 		struct vnode *a_vp;
    678 		caddr_t  a_id;
    679 		int  a_op;
    680 		struct flock *a_fl;
    681 		int  a_flags;
    682 	} */ *ap;
    683 {
    684 
    685 	return (EOPNOTSUPP);
    686 }
    687 
    688 /*
    689  * Special device failed operation
    690  */
    691 spec_ebadf()
    692 {
    693 
    694 	return (EBADF);
    695 }
    696 
    697 /*
    698  * Special device bad operation
    699  */
    700 spec_badop()
    701 {
    702 
    703 	panic("spec_badop called");
    704 	/* NOTREACHED */
    705 }
    706