xref: /src/sys/netinet/ip_flow.c

/*	$NetBSD: ip_flow.c,v 1.56 2008/04/28 20:24:09 martin Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1998 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 * by the 3am Software Foundry ("3am").  It was developed by Matt Thomas.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: ip_flow.c,v 1.56 2008/04/28 20:24:09 martin Exp $");

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/domain.h>
#include <sys/protosw.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/socketvar.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/pool.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/pfil.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
#include <netinet/in_var.h>
#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
#include <netinet/ip_private.h>

/*
 * Similar code is very well commented in netinet6/ip6_flow.c
 */

struct ipflow {
	LIST_ENTRY(ipflow) ipf_list;	/* next in active list */
	LIST_ENTRY(ipflow) ipf_hash;	/* next ipflow in bucket */
	struct in_addr ipf_dst;		/* destination address */
	struct in_addr ipf_src;		/* source address */
	uint8_t ipf_tos;		/* type-of-service */
	struct route ipf_ro;		/* associated route entry */
	u_long ipf_uses;		/* number of uses in this period */
	u_long ipf_last_uses;		/* number of uses in last period */
	u_long ipf_dropped;		/* ENOBUFS retured by if_output */
	u_long ipf_errors;		/* other errors returned by if_output */
	u_int ipf_timer;		/* lifetime timer */
	time_t ipf_start;		/* creation time */
};

#define	IPFLOW_HASHBITS		6	/* should not be a multiple of 8 */

POOL_INIT(ipflow_pool, sizeof(struct ipflow), 0, 0, 0, "ipflowpl", NULL,
    IPL_NET);

LIST_HEAD(ipflowhead, ipflow);

#define	IPFLOW_TIMER		(5 * PR_SLOWHZ)
#define	IPFLOW_DEFAULT_HASHSIZE	(1 << IPFLOW_HASHBITS)

static struct ipflowhead *ipflowtable = NULL;
static struct ipflowhead ipflowlist;
static int ipflow_inuse;

#define	IPFLOW_INSERT(bucket, ipf) \
do { \
	LIST_INSERT_HEAD((bucket), (ipf), ipf_hash); \
	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&ipflowlist, (ipf), ipf_list); \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)

#define	IPFLOW_REMOVE(ipf) \
do { \
	LIST_REMOVE((ipf), ipf_hash); \
	LIST_REMOVE((ipf), ipf_list); \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)

#ifndef IPFLOW_MAX
#define	IPFLOW_MAX		256
#endif
int ip_maxflows = IPFLOW_MAX;
int ip_hashsize = IPFLOW_DEFAULT_HASHSIZE;

static size_t
ipflow_hash(const struct ip *ip)
{
	size_t hash = ip->ip_tos;
	size_t idx;

	for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx += IPFLOW_HASHBITS) {
		hash += (ip->ip_dst.s_addr >> (32 - idx)) +
		    (ip->ip_src.s_addr >> idx);
	}

	return hash & (ip_hashsize-1);
}

static struct ipflow *
ipflow_lookup(const struct ip *ip)
{
	size_t hash;
	struct ipflow *ipf;

	hash = ipflow_hash(ip);

	LIST_FOREACH(ipf, &ipflowtable[hash], ipf_hash) {
		if (ip->ip_dst.s_addr == ipf->ipf_dst.s_addr
		    && ip->ip_src.s_addr == ipf->ipf_src.s_addr
		    && ip->ip_tos == ipf->ipf_tos)
			break;
	}
	return ipf;
}

int
ipflow_init(int table_size)
{
	struct ipflowhead *new_table;
	size_t i;

	new_table = (struct ipflowhead *)malloc(sizeof(struct ipflowhead) *
	    table_size, M_RTABLE, M_NOWAIT);

	if (new_table == NULL)
		return 1;

	if (ipflowtable != NULL)
		free(ipflowtable, M_RTABLE);

	ipflowtable = new_table;
	ip_hashsize = table_size;

	LIST_INIT(&ipflowlist);
	for (i = 0; i < ip_hashsize; i++)
		LIST_INIT(&ipflowtable[i]);

	return 0;
}

int
ipflow_fastforward(struct mbuf *m)
{
	struct ip *ip;
	struct ip ip_store;
	struct ipflow *ipf;
	struct rtentry *rt;
	const struct sockaddr *dst;
	int error;
	int iplen;

	/*
	 * Are we forwarding packets?  Big enough for an IP packet?
	 */
	if (!ipforwarding || ipflow_inuse == 0 || m->m_len < sizeof(struct ip))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Was packet received as a link-level multicast or broadcast?
	 * If so, don't try to fast forward..
	 */
	if ((m->m_flags & (M_BCAST|M_MCAST)) != 0)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * IP header with no option and valid version and length
	 */
	if (IP_HDR_ALIGNED_P(mtod(m, const void *)))
		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
	else {
		memcpy(&ip_store, mtod(m, const void *), sizeof(ip_store));
		ip = &ip_store;
	}
	iplen = ntohs(ip->ip_len);
	if (ip->ip_v != IPVERSION || ip->ip_hl != (sizeof(struct ip) >> 2) ||
	    iplen < sizeof(struct ip) || iplen > m->m_pkthdr.len)
		return 0;
	/*
	 * Find a flow.
	 */
	if ((ipf = ipflow_lookup(ip)) == NULL)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Verify the IP header checksum.
	 */
	switch (m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
		((m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_csum_flags_rx & M_CSUM_IPv4) |
		 M_CSUM_IPv4_BAD)) {
	case M_CSUM_IPv4|M_CSUM_IPv4_BAD:
		return (0);

	case M_CSUM_IPv4:
		/* Checksum was okay. */
		break;

	default:
		/* Must compute it ourselves. */
		if (in_cksum(m, sizeof(struct ip)) != 0)
			return (0);
		break;
	}

	/*
	 * Route and interface still up?
	 */
	if ((rt = rtcache_validate(&ipf->ipf_ro)) == NULL ||
	    (rt->rt_ifp->if_flags & IFF_UP) == 0)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Packet size OK?  TTL?
	 */
	if (m->m_pkthdr.len > rt->rt_ifp->if_mtu || ip->ip_ttl <= IPTTLDEC)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Clear any in-bound checksum flags for this packet.
	 */
	m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = 0;

	/*
	 * Everything checks out and so we can forward this packet.
	 * Modify the TTL and incrementally change the checksum.
	 *
	 * This method of adding the checksum works on either endian CPU.
	 * If htons() is inlined, all the arithmetic is folded; otherwise
	 * the htons()s are combined by CSE due to the const attribute.
	 *
	 * Don't bother using HW checksumming here -- the incremental
	 * update is pretty fast.
	 */
	ip->ip_ttl -= IPTTLDEC;
	if (ip->ip_sum >= (u_int16_t) ~htons(IPTTLDEC << 8))
		ip->ip_sum -= ~htons(IPTTLDEC << 8);
	else
		ip->ip_sum += htons(IPTTLDEC << 8);

	/*
	 * Done modifying the header; copy it back, if necessary.
	 *
	 * XXX Use m_copyback_cow(9) here? --dyoung
	 */
	if (IP_HDR_ALIGNED_P(mtod(m, void *)) == 0)
		memcpy(mtod(m, void *), &ip_store, sizeof(ip_store));

	/*
	 * Trim the packet in case it's too long..
	 */
	if (m->m_pkthdr.len > iplen) {
		if (m->m_len == m->m_pkthdr.len) {
			m->m_len = iplen;
			m->m_pkthdr.len = iplen;
		} else
			m_adj(m, iplen - m->m_pkthdr.len);
	}

	/*
	 * Send the packet on it's way.  All we can get back is ENOBUFS
	 */
	ipf->ipf_uses++;
	PRT_SLOW_ARM(ipf->ipf_timer, IPFLOW_TIMER);

	if (rt->rt_flags & RTF_GATEWAY)
		dst = rt->rt_gateway;
	else
		dst = rtcache_getdst(&ipf->ipf_ro);

	if ((error = (*rt->rt_ifp->if_output)(rt->rt_ifp, m, dst, rt)) != 0) {
		if (error == ENOBUFS)
			ipf->ipf_dropped++;
		else
			ipf->ipf_errors++;
	}
	return 1;
}

static void
ipflow_addstats(struct ipflow *ipf)
{
	struct rtentry *rt;
	uint64_t *ips;

	if ((rt = rtcache_validate(&ipf->ipf_ro)) != NULL)
		rt->rt_use += ipf->ipf_uses;

	ips = IP_STAT_GETREF();
	ips[IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD] += ipf->ipf_errors + ipf->ipf_dropped;
	ips[IP_STAT_TOTAL] += ipf->ipf_uses;
	ips[IP_STAT_FORWARD] += ipf->ipf_uses;
	ips[IP_STAT_FASTFORWARD] += ipf->ipf_uses;
	IP_STAT_PUTREF();
}

static void
ipflow_free(struct ipflow *ipf)
{
	int s;
	/*
	 * Remove the flow from the hash table (at elevated IPL).
	 * Once it's off the list, we can deal with it at normal
	 * network IPL.
	 */
	s = splnet();
	IPFLOW_REMOVE(ipf);
	splx(s);
	ipflow_addstats(ipf);
	rtcache_free(&ipf->ipf_ro);
	ipflow_inuse--;
	s = splnet();
	pool_put(&ipflow_pool, ipf);
	splx(s);
}

static struct ipflow *
ipflow_reap(bool just_one)
{
	while (just_one || ipflow_inuse > ip_maxflows) {
		struct ipflow *ipf, *maybe_ipf = NULL;
		int s;

		ipf = LIST_FIRST(&ipflowlist);
		while (ipf != NULL) {
			/*
			 * If this no longer points to a valid route
			 * reclaim it.
			 */
			if (rtcache_validate(&ipf->ipf_ro) == NULL)
				goto done;
			/*
			 * choose the one that's been least recently
			 * used or has had the least uses in the
			 * last 1.5 intervals.
			 */
			if (maybe_ipf == NULL ||
			    ipf->ipf_timer < maybe_ipf->ipf_timer ||
			    (ipf->ipf_timer == maybe_ipf->ipf_timer &&
			     ipf->ipf_last_uses + ipf->ipf_uses <
			         maybe_ipf->ipf_last_uses +
			         maybe_ipf->ipf_uses))
				maybe_ipf = ipf;
			ipf = LIST_NEXT(ipf, ipf_list);
		}
		ipf = maybe_ipf;
	    done:
		/*
		 * Remove the entry from the flow table.
		 */
		s = splnet();
		IPFLOW_REMOVE(ipf);
		splx(s);
		ipflow_addstats(ipf);
		rtcache_free(&ipf->ipf_ro);
		if (just_one)
			return ipf;
		pool_put(&ipflow_pool, ipf);
		ipflow_inuse--;
	}
	return NULL;
}

void
ipflow_prune(void)
{

	(void) ipflow_reap(false);
}

void
ipflow_slowtimo(void)
{
	struct rtentry *rt;
	struct ipflow *ipf, *next_ipf;
	uint64_t *ips;

	mutex_enter(softnet_lock);
	KERNEL_LOCK(1, NULL);
	for (ipf = LIST_FIRST(&ipflowlist); ipf != NULL; ipf = next_ipf) {
		next_ipf = LIST_NEXT(ipf, ipf_list);
		if (PRT_SLOW_ISEXPIRED(ipf->ipf_timer) ||
		    (rt = rtcache_validate(&ipf->ipf_ro)) == NULL) {
			ipflow_free(ipf);
		} else {
			ipf->ipf_last_uses = ipf->ipf_uses;
			rt->rt_use += ipf->ipf_uses;
			ips = IP_STAT_GETREF();
			ips[IP_STAT_TOTAL] += ipf->ipf_uses;
			ips[IP_STAT_FORWARD] += ipf->ipf_uses;
			ips[IP_STAT_FASTFORWARD] += ipf->ipf_uses;
			IP_STAT_PUTREF();
			ipf->ipf_uses = 0;
		}
	}
	KERNEL_UNLOCK_ONE(NULL);
	mutex_exit(softnet_lock);
}

void
ipflow_create(const struct route *ro, struct mbuf *m)
{
	const struct ip *const ip = mtod(m, const struct ip *);
	struct ipflow *ipf;
	size_t hash;
	int s;

	/*
	 * Don't create cache entries for ICMP messages.
	 */
	if (ip_maxflows == 0 || ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP)
		return;
	/*
	 * See if an existing flow struct exists.  If so remove it from it's
	 * list and free the old route.  If not, try to malloc a new one
	 * (if we aren't at our limit).
	 */
	ipf = ipflow_lookup(ip);
	if (ipf == NULL) {
		if (ipflow_inuse >= ip_maxflows) {
			ipf = ipflow_reap(true);
		} else {
			s = splnet();
			ipf = pool_get(&ipflow_pool, PR_NOWAIT);
			splx(s);
			if (ipf == NULL)
				return;
			ipflow_inuse++;
		}
		memset(ipf, 0, sizeof(*ipf));
	} else {
		s = splnet();
		IPFLOW_REMOVE(ipf);
		splx(s);
		ipflow_addstats(ipf);
		rtcache_free(&ipf->ipf_ro);
		ipf->ipf_uses = ipf->ipf_last_uses = 0;
		ipf->ipf_errors = ipf->ipf_dropped = 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Fill in the updated information.
	 */
	rtcache_copy(&ipf->ipf_ro, ro);
	ipf->ipf_dst = ip->ip_dst;
	ipf->ipf_src = ip->ip_src;
	ipf->ipf_tos = ip->ip_tos;
	PRT_SLOW_ARM(ipf->ipf_timer, IPFLOW_TIMER);
	ipf->ipf_start = time_uptime;
	/*
	 * Insert into the approriate bucket of the flow table.
	 */
	hash = ipflow_hash(ip);
	s = splnet();
	IPFLOW_INSERT(&ipflowtable[hash], ipf);
	splx(s);
}

int
ipflow_invalidate_all(int new_size)
{
	struct ipflow *ipf, *next_ipf;
	int s, error;

	error = 0;
	s = splnet();
	for (ipf = LIST_FIRST(&ipflowlist); ipf != NULL; ipf = next_ipf) {
		next_ipf = LIST_NEXT(ipf, ipf_list);
		ipflow_free(ipf);
	}

	if (new_size)
		error = ipflow_init(new_size);
	splx(s);

	return error;
}