xref: /src/sys/nfs/nfs_bio.c

/*	$NetBSD: nfs_bio.c,v 1.68.2.4 2002/09/06 08:49:47 jdolecek Exp $	*/

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Rick Macklem at The University of Guelph.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	@(#)nfs_bio.c	8.9 (Berkeley) 3/30/95
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: nfs_bio.c,v 1.68.2.4 2002/09/06 08:49:47 jdolecek Exp $");

#include "opt_nfs.h"
#include "opt_ddb.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/resourcevar.h>
#include <sys/signalvar.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/buf.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
#include <sys/dirent.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>

#include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
#include <uvm/uvm.h>

#include <nfs/rpcv2.h>
#include <nfs/nfsproto.h>
#include <nfs/nfs.h>
#include <nfs/nfsmount.h>
#include <nfs/nqnfs.h>
#include <nfs/nfsnode.h>
#include <nfs/nfs_var.h>

extern int nfs_numasync;
extern int nfs_commitsize;
extern struct nfsstats nfsstats;

/*
 * Vnode op for read using bio
 * Any similarity to readip() is purely coincidental
 */
int
nfs_bioread(vp, uio, ioflag, cred, cflag)
	struct vnode *vp;
	struct uio *uio;
	int ioflag, cflag;
	struct ucred *cred;
{
	struct nfsnode *np = VTONFS(vp);
	struct buf *bp = NULL, *rabp;
	struct vattr vattr;
	struct proc *p;
	struct nfsmount *nmp = VFSTONFS(vp->v_mount);
	struct nfsdircache *ndp = NULL, *nndp = NULL;
	caddr_t baddr, ep, edp;
	int got_buf = 0, error = 0, n = 0, on = 0, en, enn;
	int enough = 0;
	struct dirent *dp, *pdp;
	off_t curoff = 0;

#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
	if (uio->uio_rw != UIO_READ)
		panic("nfs_read mode");
#endif
	if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
		return (0);
	if (vp->v_type != VDIR && uio->uio_offset < 0)
		return (EINVAL);
	p = uio->uio_procp;
#ifndef NFS_V2_ONLY
	if ((nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_NFSV3) &&
	    !(nmp->nm_iflag & NFSMNT_GOTFSINFO))
		(void)nfs_fsinfo(nmp, vp, cred, p);
#endif
	if (vp->v_type != VDIR &&
	    (uio->uio_offset + uio->uio_resid) > nmp->nm_maxfilesize)
		return (EFBIG);

	/*
	 * For nfs, cache consistency can only be maintained approximately.
	 * Although RFC1094 does not specify the criteria, the following is
	 * believed to be compatible with the reference port.
	 * For nqnfs, full cache consistency is maintained within the loop.
	 * For nfs:
	 * If the file's modify time on the server has changed since the
	 * last read rpc or you have written to the file,
	 * you may have lost data cache consistency with the
	 * server, so flush all of the file's data out of the cache.
	 * Then force a getattr rpc to ensure that you have up to date
	 * attributes.
	 * NB: This implies that cache data can be read when up to
	 * NFS_ATTRTIMEO seconds out of date. If you find that you need current
	 * attributes this could be forced by setting n_attrstamp to 0 before
	 * the VOP_GETATTR() call.
	 */

	if ((nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_NQNFS) == 0 && vp->v_type != VLNK) {
		if (np->n_flag & NMODIFIED) {
			if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
				if (vp->v_type != VDIR)
					panic("nfs: bioread, not dir");
				nfs_invaldircache(vp, 0);
				np->n_direofoffset = 0;
				error = nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, cred, p, 1);
				if (error)
					return (error);
			}
			np->n_attrstamp = 0;
			error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &vattr, cred, p);
			if (error)
				return (error);
			np->n_mtime = vattr.va_mtime.tv_sec;
		} else {
			error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &vattr, cred, p);
			if (error)
				return (error);
			if (np->n_mtime != vattr.va_mtime.tv_sec) {
				if (vp->v_type == VDIR) {
					nfs_invaldircache(vp, 0);
					np->n_direofoffset = 0;
				}
				error = nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, cred, p, 1);
				if (error)
					return (error);
				np->n_mtime = vattr.va_mtime.tv_sec;
			}
		}
	}

	/*
	 * update the cached read creds for this node.
	 */

	if (np->n_rcred) {
		crfree(np->n_rcred);
	}
	np->n_rcred = cred;
	crhold(cred);

	do {
#ifndef NFS_V2_ONLY
	    /*
	     * Get a valid lease. If cached data is stale, flush it.
	     */
	    if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_NQNFS) {
		if (NQNFS_CKINVALID(vp, np, ND_READ)) {
		    do {
			error = nqnfs_getlease(vp, ND_READ, cred, p);
		    } while (error == NQNFS_EXPIRED);
		    if (error)
			return (error);
		    if (np->n_lrev != np->n_brev ||
			(np->n_flag & NQNFSNONCACHE) ||
			((np->n_flag & NMODIFIED) && vp->v_type == VDIR)) {
			if (vp->v_type == VDIR) {
				nfs_invaldircache(vp, 0);
				np->n_direofoffset = 0;
			}
			error = nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, cred, p, 1);
			if (error)
			    return (error);
			np->n_brev = np->n_lrev;
		    }
		} else if (vp->v_type == VDIR && (np->n_flag & NMODIFIED)) {
		    nfs_invaldircache(vp, 0);
		    error = nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, cred, p, 1);
		    np->n_direofoffset = 0;
		    if (error)
			return (error);
		}
	    }
#endif
	    /*
	     * Don't cache symlinks.
	     */
	    if (np->n_flag & NQNFSNONCACHE
		|| ((vp->v_flag & VROOT) && vp->v_type == VLNK)) {
		switch (vp->v_type) {
		case VREG:
			return (nfs_readrpc(vp, uio));
		case VLNK:
			return (nfs_readlinkrpc(vp, uio, cred));
		case VDIR:
			break;
		default:
			printf(" NQNFSNONCACHE: type %x unexpected\n",
			    vp->v_type);
		};
	    }
	    baddr = (caddr_t)0;
	    switch (vp->v_type) {
	    case VREG:
		nfsstats.biocache_reads++;

		error = 0;
		if (uio->uio_offset >= np->n_size) {
			break;
		}
		while (uio->uio_resid > 0) {
			void *win;
			vsize_t bytelen = MIN(np->n_size - uio->uio_offset,
					      uio->uio_resid);

			if (bytelen == 0)
				break;
			win = ubc_alloc(&vp->v_uobj, uio->uio_offset,
					&bytelen, UBC_READ);
			error = uiomove(win, bytelen, uio);
			ubc_release(win, 0);
			if (error) {
				break;
			}
		}
		n = 0;
		break;

	    case VLNK:
		nfsstats.biocache_readlinks++;
		bp = nfs_getcacheblk(vp, (daddr_t)0, NFS_MAXPATHLEN, p);
		if (!bp)
			return (EINTR);
		if ((bp->b_flags & B_DONE) == 0) {
			bp->b_flags |= B_READ;
			error = nfs_doio(bp, p);
			if (error) {
				brelse(bp);
				return (error);
			}
		}
		n = MIN(uio->uio_resid, NFS_MAXPATHLEN - bp->b_resid);
		got_buf = 1;
		on = 0;
		break;
	    case VDIR:
diragain:
		nfsstats.biocache_readdirs++;
		ndp = nfs_searchdircache(vp, uio->uio_offset,
			(nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_XLATECOOKIE), 0);
		if (!ndp) {
			/*
			 * We've been handed a cookie that is not
			 * in the cache. If we're not translating
			 * 32 <-> 64, it may be a value that was
			 * flushed out of the cache because it grew
			 * too big. Let the server judge if it's
			 * valid or not. In the translation case,
			 * we have no way of validating this value,
			 * so punt.
			 */
			if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_XLATECOOKIE)
				return (EINVAL);
			ndp = nfs_enterdircache(vp, uio->uio_offset,
				uio->uio_offset, 0, 0);
		}

		if (uio->uio_offset != 0 &&
		    ndp->dc_cookie == np->n_direofoffset) {
			nfsstats.direofcache_hits++;
			return (0);
		}

		bp = nfs_getcacheblk(vp, ndp->dc_blkno, NFS_DIRBLKSIZ, p);
		if (!bp)
		    return (EINTR);
		if ((bp->b_flags & B_DONE) == 0) {
		    bp->b_flags |= B_READ;
		    bp->b_dcookie = ndp->dc_blkcookie;
		    error = nfs_doio(bp, p);
		    if (error) {
			/*
			 * Yuck! The directory has been modified on the
			 * server. Punt and let the userland code
			 * deal with it.
			 */
			brelse(bp);
			if (error == NFSERR_BAD_COOKIE) {
			    nfs_invaldircache(vp, 0);
			    nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, 0, cred, p, 1);
			    error = EINVAL;
			}
			return (error);
		    }
		}

		/*
		 * Just return if we hit EOF right away with this
		 * block. Always check here, because direofoffset
		 * may have been set by an nfsiod since the last
		 * check.
		 */
		if (np->n_direofoffset != 0 &&
			ndp->dc_blkcookie == np->n_direofoffset) {
			brelse(bp);
			return (0);
		}

		/*
		 * Find the entry we were looking for in the block.
		 */

		en = ndp->dc_entry;

		pdp = dp = (struct dirent *)bp->b_data;
		edp = bp->b_data + bp->b_bcount - bp->b_resid;
		enn = 0;
		while (enn < en && (caddr_t)dp < edp) {
			pdp = dp;
			dp = (struct dirent *)((caddr_t)dp + dp->d_reclen);
			enn++;
		}

		/*
		 * If the entry number was bigger than the number of
		 * entries in the block, or the cookie of the previous
		 * entry doesn't match, the directory cache is
		 * stale. Flush it and try again (i.e. go to
		 * the server).
		 */
		if ((caddr_t)dp >= edp || (caddr_t)dp + dp->d_reclen > edp ||
		    (en > 0 && NFS_GETCOOKIE(pdp) != ndp->dc_cookie)) {
#ifdef DEBUG
		    	printf("invalid cache: %p %p %p off %lx %lx\n",
				pdp, dp, edp,
				(unsigned long)uio->uio_offset,
				(unsigned long)NFS_GETCOOKIE(pdp));
#endif
			brelse(bp);
			nfs_invaldircache(vp, 0);
			nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, 0, cred, p, 0);
			goto diragain;
		}

		on = (caddr_t)dp - bp->b_data;

		/*
		 * Cache all entries that may be exported to the
		 * user, as they may be thrown back at us. The
		 * NFSBIO_CACHECOOKIES flag indicates that all
		 * entries are being 'exported', so cache them all.
		 */

		if (en == 0 && pdp == dp) {
			dp = (struct dirent *)
			    ((caddr_t)dp + dp->d_reclen);
			enn++;
		}

		if (uio->uio_resid < (bp->b_bcount - bp->b_resid - on)) {
			n = uio->uio_resid;
			enough = 1;
		} else
			n = bp->b_bcount - bp->b_resid - on;

		ep = bp->b_data + on + n;

		/*
		 * Find last complete entry to copy, caching entries
		 * (if requested) as we go.
		 */

		while ((caddr_t)dp < ep && (caddr_t)dp + dp->d_reclen <= ep) {
			if (cflag & NFSBIO_CACHECOOKIES) {
				nndp = nfs_enterdircache(vp, NFS_GETCOOKIE(pdp),
				    ndp->dc_blkcookie, enn, bp->b_lblkno);
				if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_XLATECOOKIE) {
					NFS_STASHCOOKIE32(pdp,
					    nndp->dc_cookie32);
				}
			}
			pdp = dp;
			dp = (struct dirent *)((caddr_t)dp + dp->d_reclen);
			enn++;
		}

		/*
		 * If the last requested entry was not the last in the
		 * buffer (happens if NFS_DIRFRAGSIZ < NFS_DIRBLKSIZ),
		 * cache the cookie of the last requested one, and
		 * set of the offset to it.
		 */

		if ((on + n) < bp->b_bcount - bp->b_resid) {
			curoff = NFS_GETCOOKIE(pdp);
			nndp = nfs_enterdircache(vp, curoff, ndp->dc_blkcookie,
			    enn, bp->b_lblkno);
			if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_XLATECOOKIE) {
				NFS_STASHCOOKIE32(pdp, nndp->dc_cookie32);
				curoff = nndp->dc_cookie32;
			}
		} else
			curoff = bp->b_dcookie;

		/*
		 * Always cache the entry for the next block,
		 * so that readaheads can use it.
		 */
		nndp = nfs_enterdircache(vp, bp->b_dcookie, bp->b_dcookie, 0,0);
		if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_XLATECOOKIE) {
			if (curoff == bp->b_dcookie) {
				NFS_STASHCOOKIE32(pdp, nndp->dc_cookie32);
				curoff = nndp->dc_cookie32;
			}
		}

		n = ((caddr_t)pdp + pdp->d_reclen) - (bp->b_data + on);

		/*
		 * If not eof and read aheads are enabled, start one.
		 * (You need the current block first, so that you have the
		 *  directory offset cookie of the next block.)
		 */
		if (nfs_numasync > 0 && nmp->nm_readahead > 0 &&
		    np->n_direofoffset == 0 && !(np->n_flag & NQNFSNONCACHE)) {
			rabp = nfs_getcacheblk(vp, nndp->dc_blkno,
						NFS_DIRBLKSIZ, p);
			if (rabp) {
			    if ((rabp->b_flags & (B_DONE | B_DELWRI)) == 0) {
				rabp->b_dcookie = nndp->dc_cookie;
				rabp->b_flags |= (B_READ | B_ASYNC);
				if (nfs_asyncio(rabp)) {
				    rabp->b_flags |= B_INVAL;
				    brelse(rabp);
				}
			    } else
				brelse(rabp);
			}
		}
		got_buf = 1;
		break;
	    default:
		printf(" nfsbioread: type %x unexpected\n",vp->v_type);
		break;
	    }

	    if (n > 0) {
		if (!baddr)
			baddr = bp->b_data;
		error = uiomove(baddr + on, (int)n, uio);
	    }
	    switch (vp->v_type) {
	    case VREG:
		break;
	    case VLNK:
		n = 0;
		break;
	    case VDIR:
		if (np->n_flag & NQNFSNONCACHE)
			bp->b_flags |= B_INVAL;
		uio->uio_offset = curoff;
		if (enough)
			n = 0;
		break;
	    default:
		printf(" nfsbioread: type %x unexpected\n",vp->v_type);
	    }
	    if (got_buf)
		brelse(bp);
	} while (error == 0 && uio->uio_resid > 0 && n > 0);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Vnode op for write using bio
 */
int
nfs_write(v)
	void *v;
{
	struct vop_write_args /* {
		struct vnode *a_vp;
		struct uio *a_uio;
		int  a_ioflag;
		struct ucred *a_cred;
	} */ *ap = v;
	struct uio *uio = ap->a_uio;
	struct proc *p = uio->uio_procp;
	struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
	struct nfsnode *np = VTONFS(vp);
	struct ucred *cred = ap->a_cred;
	int ioflag = ap->a_ioflag;
	struct vattr vattr;
	struct nfsmount *nmp = VFSTONFS(vp->v_mount);
	void *win;
	voff_t oldoff, origoff;
	vsize_t bytelen;
	int error = 0, iomode, must_commit;

#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
	if (uio->uio_rw != UIO_WRITE)
		panic("nfs_write mode");
	if (uio->uio_segflg == UIO_USERSPACE && uio->uio_procp != curproc)
		panic("nfs_write proc");
#endif
	if (vp->v_type != VREG)
		return (EIO);
	if (np->n_flag & NWRITEERR) {
		np->n_flag &= ~NWRITEERR;
		return (np->n_error);
	}
#ifndef NFS_V2_ONLY
	if ((nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_NFSV3) &&
	    !(nmp->nm_iflag & NFSMNT_GOTFSINFO))
		(void)nfs_fsinfo(nmp, vp, cred, p);
#endif
	if (ioflag & (IO_APPEND | IO_SYNC)) {
		if (np->n_flag & NMODIFIED) {
			np->n_attrstamp = 0;
			error = nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, cred, p, 1);
			if (error)
				return (error);
		}
		if (ioflag & IO_APPEND) {
			np->n_attrstamp = 0;
			error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &vattr, cred, p);
			if (error)
				return (error);
			uio->uio_offset = np->n_size;
		}
	}
	if (uio->uio_offset < 0)
		return (EINVAL);
	if ((uio->uio_offset + uio->uio_resid) > nmp->nm_maxfilesize)
		return (EFBIG);
	if (uio->uio_resid == 0)
		return (0);
	/*
	 * Maybe this should be above the vnode op call, but so long as
	 * file servers have no limits, i don't think it matters
	 */
	if (p && uio->uio_offset + uio->uio_resid >
	      p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE].rlim_cur) {
		psignal(p, SIGXFSZ);
		return (EFBIG);
	}

	/*
	 * update the cached write creds for this node.
	 */

	if (np->n_wcred) {
		crfree(np->n_wcred);
	}
	np->n_wcred = cred;
	crhold(cred);

	if ((np->n_flag & NQNFSNONCACHE) && uio->uio_iovcnt == 1) {
		iomode = NFSV3WRITE_FILESYNC;
		error = nfs_writerpc(vp, uio, &iomode, &must_commit);
		if (must_commit)
			nfs_clearcommit(vp->v_mount);
		return (error);
	}

	origoff = uio->uio_offset;
	do {
		oldoff = uio->uio_offset;
		bytelen = uio->uio_resid;

#ifndef NFS_V2_ONLY
		/*
		 * Check for a valid write lease.
		 */
		if ((nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_NQNFS) &&
		    NQNFS_CKINVALID(vp, np, ND_WRITE)) {
			do {
				error = nqnfs_getlease(vp, ND_WRITE, cred, p);
			} while (error == NQNFS_EXPIRED);
			if (error)
				return (error);
			if (np->n_lrev != np->n_brev ||
			    (np->n_flag & NQNFSNONCACHE)) {
				error = nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, cred, p, 1);
				if (error)
					return (error);
				np->n_brev = np->n_lrev;
			}
		}
#endif
		nfsstats.biocache_writes++;

		np->n_flag |= NMODIFIED;
		if (np->n_size < uio->uio_offset + bytelen) {
			np->n_size = uio->uio_offset + bytelen;
		}
		if ((uio->uio_offset & PAGE_MASK) == 0 &&
		    (bytelen & PAGE_MASK) == 0 &&
		    uio->uio_offset >= vp->v_size) {
			win = ubc_alloc(&vp->v_uobj, uio->uio_offset, &bytelen,
			    UBC_WRITE | UBC_FAULTBUSY);
		} else {
			win = ubc_alloc(&vp->v_uobj, uio->uio_offset, &bytelen,
			    UBC_WRITE);
		}
		error = uiomove(win, bytelen, uio);
		ubc_release(win, 0);
		if (error) {
			break;
		}

		/*
		 * update UVM's notion of the size now that we've
		 * copied the data into the vnode's pages.
		 */

		if (vp->v_size < uio->uio_offset) {
			uvm_vnp_setsize(vp, uio->uio_offset);
		}

		if ((oldoff & ~(nmp->nm_wsize - 1)) !=
		    (uio->uio_offset & ~(nmp->nm_wsize - 1))) {
			simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
			error = VOP_PUTPAGES(vp,
			    trunc_page(oldoff & ~(nmp->nm_wsize - 1)),
			    round_page((uio->uio_offset + nmp->nm_wsize - 1) &
				       ~(nmp->nm_wsize - 1)), PGO_CLEANIT);
		}
	} while (uio->uio_resid > 0);
	if ((np->n_flag & NQNFSNONCACHE) || (ioflag & IO_SYNC)) {
		simple_lock(&vp->v_interlock);
		error = VOP_PUTPAGES(vp,
		    trunc_page(origoff & ~(nmp->nm_wsize - 1)),
		    round_page((uio->uio_offset + nmp->nm_wsize - 1) &
			       ~(nmp->nm_wsize - 1)),
		    PGO_CLEANIT | PGO_SYNCIO);
	}
	return error;
}

/*
 * Get an nfs cache block.
 * Allocate a new one if the block isn't currently in the cache
 * and return the block marked busy. If the calling process is
 * interrupted by a signal for an interruptible mount point, return
 * NULL.
 */
struct buf *
nfs_getcacheblk(vp, bn, size, p)
	struct vnode *vp;
	daddr_t bn;
	int size;
	struct proc *p;
{
	struct buf *bp;
	struct nfsmount *nmp = VFSTONFS(vp->v_mount);

	if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_INT) {
		bp = getblk(vp, bn, size, PCATCH, 0);
		while (bp == NULL) {
			if (nfs_sigintr(nmp, NULL, p))
				return (NULL);
			bp = getblk(vp, bn, size, 0, 2 * hz);
		}
	} else
		bp = getblk(vp, bn, size, 0, 0);
	return (bp);
}

/*
 * Flush and invalidate all dirty buffers. If another process is already
 * doing the flush, just wait for completion.
 */
int
nfs_vinvalbuf(vp, flags, cred, p, intrflg)
	struct vnode *vp;
	int flags;
	struct ucred *cred;
	struct proc *p;
	int intrflg;
{
	struct nfsnode *np = VTONFS(vp);
	struct nfsmount *nmp = VFSTONFS(vp->v_mount);
	int error = 0, slpflag, slptimeo;

	if ((nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_INT) == 0)
		intrflg = 0;
	if (intrflg) {
		slpflag = PCATCH;
		slptimeo = 2 * hz;
	} else {
		slpflag = 0;
		slptimeo = 0;
	}
	/*
	 * First wait for any other process doing a flush to complete.
	 */
	while (np->n_flag & NFLUSHINPROG) {
		np->n_flag |= NFLUSHWANT;
		error = tsleep((caddr_t)&np->n_flag, PRIBIO + 2, "nfsvinval",
			slptimeo);
		if (error && intrflg && nfs_sigintr(nmp, NULL, p))
			return (EINTR);
	}

	/*
	 * Now, flush as required.
	 */
	np->n_flag |= NFLUSHINPROG;
	error = vinvalbuf(vp, flags, cred, p, slpflag, 0);
	while (error) {
		if (intrflg && nfs_sigintr(nmp, NULL, p)) {
			np->n_flag &= ~NFLUSHINPROG;
			if (np->n_flag & NFLUSHWANT) {
				np->n_flag &= ~NFLUSHWANT;
				wakeup((caddr_t)&np->n_flag);
			}
			return (EINTR);
		}
		error = vinvalbuf(vp, flags, cred, p, 0, slptimeo);
	}
	np->n_flag &= ~(NMODIFIED | NFLUSHINPROG);
	if (np->n_flag & NFLUSHWANT) {
		np->n_flag &= ~NFLUSHWANT;
		wakeup((caddr_t)&np->n_flag);
	}
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Initiate asynchronous I/O. Return an error if no nfsiods are available.
 * This is mainly to avoid queueing async I/O requests when the nfsiods
 * are all hung on a dead server.
 */

int
nfs_asyncio(bp)
	struct buf *bp;
{
	int i;
	struct nfsmount *nmp;
	int gotiod, slpflag = 0, slptimeo = 0, error;

	if (nfs_numasync == 0)
		return (EIO);

	nmp = VFSTONFS(bp->b_vp->v_mount);
again:
	if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_INT)
		slpflag = PCATCH;
	gotiod = FALSE;

	/*
	 * Find a free iod to process this request.
	 */

	for (i = 0; i < NFS_MAXASYNCDAEMON; i++)
		if (nfs_iodwant[i]) {
			/*
			 * Found one, so wake it up and tell it which
			 * mount to process.
			 */
			nfs_iodwant[i] = NULL;
			nfs_iodmount[i] = nmp;
			nmp->nm_bufqiods++;
			wakeup((caddr_t)&nfs_iodwant[i]);
			gotiod = TRUE;
			break;
		}

	/*
	 * If none are free, we may already have an iod working on this mount
	 * point.  If so, it will process our request.
	 */

	if (!gotiod && nmp->nm_bufqiods > 0)
		gotiod = TRUE;

	/*
	 * If we have an iod which can process the request, then queue
	 * the buffer.
	 */

	if (gotiod) {

		/*
		 * Ensure that the queue never grows too large.
		 */

		while (nmp->nm_bufqlen >= 2*nfs_numasync) {
			nmp->nm_bufqwant = TRUE;
			error = tsleep(&nmp->nm_bufq, slpflag | PRIBIO,
				"nfsaio", slptimeo);
			if (error) {
				if (nfs_sigintr(nmp, NULL, curproc))
					return (EINTR);
				if (slpflag == PCATCH) {
					slpflag = 0;
					slptimeo = 2 * hz;
				}
			}

			/*
			 * We might have lost our iod while sleeping,
			 * so check and loop if nescessary.
			 */

			if (nmp->nm_bufqiods == 0)
				goto again;
		}
		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&nmp->nm_bufq, bp, b_freelist);
		nmp->nm_bufqlen++;
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * All the iods are busy on other mounts, so return EIO to
	 * force the caller to process the i/o synchronously.
	 */

	return (EIO);
}

/*
 * Do an I/O operation to/from a cache block. This may be called
 * synchronously or from an nfsiod.
 */
int
nfs_doio(bp, p)
	struct buf *bp;
	struct proc *p;
{
	struct uio *uiop;
	struct vnode *vp;
	struct nfsnode *np;
	struct nfsmount *nmp;
	int error = 0, diff, len, iomode, must_commit = 0;
	int pushedrange;
	struct uio uio;
	struct iovec io;
	off_t off, cnt;
	struct uvm_object *uobj;
	UVMHIST_FUNC("nfs_doio"); UVMHIST_CALLED(ubchist);

	vp = bp->b_vp;
	uobj = &vp->v_uobj;
	np = VTONFS(vp);
	nmp = VFSTONFS(vp->v_mount);
	uiop = &uio;
	uiop->uio_iov = &io;
	uiop->uio_iovcnt = 1;
	uiop->uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE;
	uiop->uio_procp = p;

	/*
	 * Historically, paging was done with physio, but no more...
	 */
	if (bp->b_flags & B_PHYS) {
	    /*
	     * ...though reading /dev/drum still gets us here.
	     */
	    io.iov_len = uiop->uio_resid = bp->b_bcount;
	    /* mapping was done by vmapbuf() */
	    io.iov_base = bp->b_data;
	    uiop->uio_offset = ((off_t)bp->b_blkno) << DEV_BSHIFT;
	    if (bp->b_flags & B_READ) {
		uiop->uio_rw = UIO_READ;
		nfsstats.read_physios++;
		error = nfs_readrpc(vp, uiop);
	    } else {
		iomode = NFSV3WRITE_DATASYNC;
		uiop->uio_rw = UIO_WRITE;
		nfsstats.write_physios++;
		error = nfs_writerpc(vp, uiop, &iomode, &must_commit);
	    }
	    if (error) {
		bp->b_flags |= B_ERROR;
		bp->b_error = error;
	    }
	} else if (bp->b_flags & B_READ) {
	    io.iov_len = uiop->uio_resid = bp->b_bcount;
	    io.iov_base = bp->b_data;
	    uiop->uio_rw = UIO_READ;
	    switch (vp->v_type) {
	    case VREG:
		uiop->uio_offset = ((off_t)bp->b_blkno) << DEV_BSHIFT;
		nfsstats.read_bios++;
		error = nfs_readrpc(vp, uiop);
		if (!error && uiop->uio_resid) {

			/*
			 * If len > 0, there is a hole in the file and
			 * no writes after the hole have been pushed to
			 * the server yet.
			 * Just zero fill the rest of the valid area.
			 */

			diff = bp->b_bcount - uiop->uio_resid;
			len = np->n_size - ((((off_t)bp->b_blkno) << DEV_BSHIFT)
				+ diff);
			if (len > 0) {
				len = MIN(len, uiop->uio_resid);
				memset((char *)bp->b_data + diff, 0, len);
			}
		}
		if (p && (vp->v_flag & VTEXT) &&
			(((nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_NQNFS) &&
			  NQNFS_CKINVALID(vp, np, ND_READ) &&
			  np->n_lrev != np->n_brev) ||
			 (!(nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_NQNFS) &&
			  np->n_mtime != np->n_vattr->va_mtime.tv_sec))) {
			uprintf("Process killed due to "
				"text file modification\n");
			psignal(p, SIGKILL);
			p->p_holdcnt++;
		}
		break;
	    case VLNK:
		uiop->uio_offset = (off_t)0;
		nfsstats.readlink_bios++;
		error = nfs_readlinkrpc(vp, uiop, curproc->p_ucred);
		break;
	    case VDIR:
		nfsstats.readdir_bios++;
		uiop->uio_offset = bp->b_dcookie;
		if (nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_RDIRPLUS) {
			error = nfs_readdirplusrpc(vp, uiop, curproc->p_ucred);
			if (error == NFSERR_NOTSUPP)
				nmp->nm_flag &= ~NFSMNT_RDIRPLUS;
		}
		if ((nmp->nm_flag & NFSMNT_RDIRPLUS) == 0)
			error = nfs_readdirrpc(vp, uiop, curproc->p_ucred);
		if (!error) {
			bp->b_dcookie = uiop->uio_offset;
		}
		break;
	    default:
		printf("nfs_doio:  type %x unexpected\n",vp->v_type);
		break;
	    }
	    if (error) {
		bp->b_flags |= B_ERROR;
		bp->b_error = error;
	    }
	} else {
	    int i, npages = bp->b_bufsize >> PAGE_SHIFT;
	    struct vm_page *pgs[npages];
	    boolean_t needcommit = TRUE;

	    if ((bp->b_flags & B_ASYNC) != 0 && NFS_ISV3(vp)) {
		    iomode = NFSV3WRITE_UNSTABLE;
	    } else {
		    iomode = NFSV3WRITE_FILESYNC;
	    }

	    for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
		    pgs[i] = uvm_pageratop((vaddr_t)bp->b_data +
					   (i << PAGE_SHIFT));
		    if ((pgs[i]->flags & PG_NEEDCOMMIT) == 0) {
			    needcommit = FALSE;
		    }
	    }
	    if (!needcommit && iomode == NFSV3WRITE_UNSTABLE) {
		    for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
			    pgs[i]->flags |= PG_NEEDCOMMIT | PG_RDONLY;
			    pmap_page_protect(pgs[i], VM_PROT_READ);
		    }
	    }

	    uiop->uio_offset = (((off_t)bp->b_blkno) << DEV_BSHIFT);
	    off = uiop->uio_offset;
	    cnt = bp->b_bcount;

	    /*
	     * Send the data to the server if necessary,
	     * otherwise just send a commit rpc.
	     */

	    if (needcommit) {

		/*
		 * If the buffer is in the range that we already committed,
		 * there's nothing to do.
		 *
		 * If it's in the range that we need to commit, push the
		 * whole range at once, otherwise only push the buffer.
		 * In both these cases, acquire the commit lock to avoid
		 * other processes modifying the range.
		 */

		lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock, LK_EXCLUSIVE, NULL);
		if (!nfs_in_committed_range(vp, off, bp->b_bcount)) {
			if (nfs_in_tobecommitted_range(vp, off, bp->b_bcount)) {
				pushedrange = 1;
				off = np->n_pushlo;
				cnt = np->n_pushhi - np->n_pushlo;
			} else {
				pushedrange = 0;
			}
			error = nfs_commit(vp, off, cnt, curproc);
			if (error == 0) {
				if (pushedrange) {
					nfs_merge_commit_ranges(vp);
				} else {
					nfs_add_committed_range(vp, off, cnt);
				}
			}
		}
		lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock, LK_RELEASE, NULL);
		if (!error) {
			bp->b_resid = 0;
			simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
			for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
				pgs[i]->flags &= ~(PG_NEEDCOMMIT | PG_RDONLY);
			}
			simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
			biodone(bp);
			return (0);
		} else if (error == NFSERR_STALEWRITEVERF) {
			nfs_clearcommit(bp->b_vp->v_mount);
		}
	    }
	    io.iov_base = bp->b_data;
	    io.iov_len = uiop->uio_resid = bp->b_bcount;
	    uiop->uio_rw = UIO_WRITE;
	    nfsstats.write_bios++;
	    error = nfs_writerpc(vp, uiop, &iomode, &must_commit);
	    if (!error && iomode == NFSV3WRITE_UNSTABLE) {
		lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock, LK_EXCLUSIVE, NULL);
		nfs_add_tobecommitted_range(vp, off, cnt);
		simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
		for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
			pgs[i]->flags &= ~PG_CLEAN;
		}
		simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
		if (np->n_pushhi - np->n_pushlo > nfs_commitsize) {
			off = np->n_pushlo;
			cnt = nfs_commitsize >> 1;
			error = nfs_commit(vp, off, cnt, curproc);
			if (!error) {
				nfs_add_committed_range(vp, off, cnt);
				nfs_del_tobecommitted_range(vp, off, cnt);
			}
		}
		lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock, LK_RELEASE, NULL);
	    } else if (!error && needcommit) {
		lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock, LK_EXCLUSIVE, NULL);
		nfs_del_committed_range(vp, off, cnt);
		lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock, LK_RELEASE, NULL);
		simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
		for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
			pgs[i]->flags &= ~(PG_NEEDCOMMIT | PG_RDONLY);
		}
		simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
	    } else {
		if (error) {
			bp->b_flags |= B_ERROR;
			bp->b_error = np->n_error = error;
			np->n_flag |= NWRITEERR;
		}
	    }
	}
	bp->b_resid = uiop->uio_resid;
	if (must_commit || (error == NFSERR_STALEWRITEVERF)) {
		nfs_clearcommit(vp->v_mount);
	}
	biodone(bp);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Vnode op for VM getpages.
 */

int
nfs_getpages(v)
	void *v;
{
	struct vop_getpages_args /* {
		struct vnode *a_vp;
		voff_t a_offset;
		struct vm_page **a_m;
		int *a_count;
		int a_centeridx;
		vm_prot_t a_access_type;
		int a_advice;
		int a_flags;
	} */ *ap = v;

	struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
	struct uvm_object *uobj = &vp->v_uobj;
	struct nfsnode *np = VTONFS(vp);
	const int npages = *ap->a_count;
	struct vm_page *pg, **pgs, *opgs[npages];
	off_t origoffset, len;
	int i, error;
	boolean_t v3 = NFS_ISV3(vp);
	boolean_t write = (ap->a_access_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0;
	boolean_t locked = (ap->a_flags & PGO_LOCKED) != 0;

	/*
	 * update the cached read creds for this node.
	 */

	if (np->n_rcred) {
		crfree(np->n_rcred);
	}
	np->n_rcred = curproc->p_ucred;
	crhold(np->n_rcred);

	/*
	 * call the genfs code to get the pages.  `pgs' may be NULL
	 * when doing read-ahead.
	 */

	pgs = ap->a_m;
	if (write && locked && v3) {
		KASSERT(pgs != NULL);
#ifdef DEBUG

		/*
		 * If PGO_LOCKED is set, real pages shouldn't exists
		 * in the array.
		 */

		for (i = 0; i < npages; i++)
			KDASSERT(pgs[i] == NULL || pgs[i] == PGO_DONTCARE);
#endif
		memcpy(opgs, pgs, npages * sizeof(struct vm_pages *));
	}
	error = genfs_getpages(v);
	if (error) {
		return (error);
	}

	/*
	 * for read faults where the nfs node is not yet marked NMODIFIED,
	 * set PG_RDONLY on the pages so that we come back here if someone
	 * tries to modify later via the mapping that will be entered for
	 * this fault.
	 */

	if (!write && (np->n_flag & NMODIFIED) == 0 && pgs != NULL) {
		if (!locked) {
			simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
		}
		for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
			pg = pgs[i];
			if (pg == NULL || pg == PGO_DONTCARE) {
				continue;
			}
			pg->flags |= PG_RDONLY;
		}
		if (!locked) {
			simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
		}
	}
	if (!write) {
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * this is a write fault, update the commit info.
	 */

	origoffset = ap->a_offset;
	len = npages << PAGE_SHIFT;

	if (v3) {
		error = lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock,
		    LK_EXCLUSIVE | (locked ? LK_NOWAIT : 0), NULL);
		if (error) {
			KASSERT(locked != 0);

			/*
			 * Since PGO_LOCKED is set, we need to unbusy
			 * all pages fetched by genfs_getpages() above,
			 * tell the caller that there are no pages
			 * available and put back original pgs array.
			 */

			uvm_lock_pageq();
			uvm_page_unbusy(pgs, npages);
			uvm_unlock_pageq();
			*ap->a_count = 0;
			memcpy(pgs, opgs,
			    npages * sizeof(struct vm_pages *));
			return (error);
		}
		nfs_del_committed_range(vp, origoffset, len);
		nfs_del_tobecommitted_range(vp, origoffset, len);
	}
	np->n_flag |= NMODIFIED;
	if (!locked) {
		simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
		pg = pgs[i];
		if (pg == NULL || pg == PGO_DONTCARE) {
			continue;
		}
		pg->flags &= ~(PG_NEEDCOMMIT | PG_RDONLY);
	}
	if (!locked) {
		simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
	}
	if (v3) {
		lockmgr(&np->n_commitlock, LK_RELEASE, NULL);
	}
	return (0);
}