xref: /src/sys/ufs/lfs/lfs_vfsops.c

/*	$NetBSD: lfs_vfsops.c,v 1.388 2025/09/19 15:55:12 perseant Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2007
 *     The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 * by Konrad E. Schroder <perseant (at) hhhh.org>.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	@(#)lfs_vfsops.c	8.20 (Berkeley) 6/10/95
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: lfs_vfsops.c,v 1.388 2025/09/19 15:55:12 perseant Exp $");

#if defined(_KERNEL_OPT)
#include "opt_lfs.h"
#include "opt_quota.h"
#include "opt_uvmhist.h"
#endif

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/kthread.h>
#include <sys/buf.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/fstypes.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/pool.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/syslog.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/kauth.h>
#include <sys/module.h>
#include <sys/syscallvar.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/syscallargs.h>

#include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>

#include <ufs/lfs/ulfs_quotacommon.h>
#include <ufs/lfs/ulfs_inode.h>
#include <ufs/lfs/ulfsmount.h>
#include <ufs/lfs/ulfs_bswap.h>
#include <ufs/lfs/ulfs_extern.h>

#ifdef UVMHIST
#include <uvm/uvm.h>
#endif
#include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
#include <uvm/uvm_object.h>
#include <uvm/uvm_page.h>
#include <uvm/uvm_stat.h>

#include <ufs/lfs/lfs.h>
#include <ufs/lfs/lfs_accessors.h>
#include <ufs/lfs/lfs_kernel.h>
#include <ufs/lfs/lfs_extern.h>

#include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h>
#include <miscfs/genfs/genfs_node.h>

MODULE(MODULE_CLASS_VFS, lfs, NULL);

static int lfs_gop_write(struct vnode *, struct vm_page **, int, int);
static int lfs_mountfs(struct vnode *, struct mount *, struct lwp *);
static int lfs_flushfiles(struct mount *, int);

extern const struct vnodeopv_desc lfs_vnodeop_opv_desc;
extern const struct vnodeopv_desc lfs_specop_opv_desc;
extern const struct vnodeopv_desc lfs_fifoop_opv_desc;

extern int locked_queue_rcount;
extern long locked_queue_rbytes;

struct lwp * lfs_writer_daemon = NULL;
kcondvar_t lfs_writerd_cv;

struct workqueue *lfs_cluster_wq = NULL;
struct workqueue *lfs_super_wq = NULL;

int lfs_do_flush = 0;
int lfs_do_rfw = 1;

const struct vnodeopv_desc * const lfs_vnodeopv_descs[] = {
	&lfs_vnodeop_opv_desc,
	&lfs_specop_opv_desc,
	&lfs_fifoop_opv_desc,
	NULL,
};

struct vfsops lfs_vfsops = {
	.vfs_name = MOUNT_LFS,
	.vfs_min_mount_data = sizeof (struct ulfs_args),
	.vfs_mount = lfs_mount,
	.vfs_start = ulfs_start,
	.vfs_unmount = lfs_unmount,
	.vfs_root = ulfs_root,
	.vfs_quotactl = ulfs_quotactl,
	.vfs_statvfs = lfs_statvfs,
	.vfs_sync = lfs_sync,
	.vfs_vget = lfs_vget,
	.vfs_loadvnode = lfs_loadvnode,
	.vfs_newvnode = lfs_newvnode,
	.vfs_fhtovp = lfs_fhtovp,
	.vfs_vptofh = lfs_vptofh,
	.vfs_init = lfs_init,
	.vfs_reinit = lfs_reinit,
	.vfs_done = lfs_done,
	.vfs_mountroot = lfs_mountroot,
	.vfs_snapshot = (void *)eopnotsupp,
	.vfs_extattrctl = lfs_extattrctl,
	.vfs_suspendctl = genfs_suspendctl,
	.vfs_renamelock_enter = genfs_renamelock_enter,
	.vfs_renamelock_exit = genfs_renamelock_exit,
	.vfs_fsync = (void *)eopnotsupp,
	.vfs_opv_descs = lfs_vnodeopv_descs
};

const struct genfs_ops lfs_genfsops = {
	.gop_size = lfs_gop_size,
	.gop_alloc = ulfs_gop_alloc,
	.gop_write = lfs_gop_write,
	.gop_markupdate = ulfs_gop_markupdate,
	.gop_putrange = genfs_gop_putrange,
};

struct shortlong {
	const char *sname;
	const char *lname;
};

static int
sysctl_lfs_dostats(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
{
	extern struct lfs_stats lfs_stats;
	extern int lfs_dostats;
	int error;

	error = sysctl_lookup(SYSCTLFN_CALL(rnode));
	if (error || newp == NULL)
		return (error);

	if (lfs_dostats == 0)
		memset(&lfs_stats, 0, sizeof(lfs_stats));

	return (0);
}

SYSCTL_SETUP(lfs_sysctl_setup, "lfs sysctl")
{
	int i;
	extern int lfs_writeindir, lfs_dostats, lfs_clean_vnhead,
		   lfs_fs_pagetrip, lfs_ignore_lazy_sync;
#ifdef DEBUG
	extern int lfs_debug_log_subsys[DLOG_MAX];
	struct shortlong dlog_names[DLOG_MAX] = { /* Must match lfs.h ! */
		{ "rollforward", "Debug roll-forward code" },
		{ "alloc",	"Debug inode allocation and free list" },
		{ "avail",	"Debug space-available-now accounting" },
		{ "flush",	"Debug flush triggers" },
		{ "lockedlist",	"Debug locked list accounting" },
		{ "vnode_verbose", "Verbose per-vnode-written debugging" },
		{ "vnode",	"Debug vnode use during segment write" },
		{ "segment",	"Debug segment writing" },
		{ "seguse",	"Debug segment used-bytes accounting" },
		{ "cleaner",	"Debug cleaning routines" },
		{ "mount",	"Debug mount/unmount routines" },
		{ "pagecache",	"Debug UBC interactions" },
		{ "dirop",	"Debug directory-operation accounting" },
		{ "malloc",	"Debug private malloc accounting" },
	};
#endif /* DEBUG */
	struct shortlong stat_names[] = { /* Must match lfs.h! */
		{ "segsused",	    "Number of new segments allocated" },
		{ "psegwrites",	    "Number of partial-segment writes" },
		{ "psyncwrites",    "Number of synchronous partial-segment"
				    " writes" },
		{ "pcleanwrites",   "Number of partial-segment writes by the"
				    " cleaner" },
		{ "blocktot",       "Number of blocks written" },
		{ "cleanblocks",    "Number of blocks written by the cleaner" },
		{ "ncheckpoints",   "Number of checkpoints made" },
		{ "nwrites",        "Number of whole writes" },
		{ "nsync_writes",   "Number of synchronous writes" },
		{ "wait_exceeded",  "Number of times writer waited for"
				    " cleaner" },
		{ "write_exceeded", "Number of times writer invoked flush" },
		{ "flush_invoked",  "Number of times flush was invoked" },
		{ "vflush_invoked", "Number of time vflush was called" },
		{ "clean_inlocked", "Number of vnodes skipped for being dead" },
		{ "clean_vnlocked", "Number of vnodes skipped for vget failure" },
		{ "segs_reclaimed", "Number of segments reclaimed" },
	};

	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
		       CTLTYPE_NODE, "lfs",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Log-structured file system"),
		       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, CTL_EOL);
	/*
	 * XXX the "5" above could be dynamic, thereby eliminating one
	 * more instance of the "number to vfs" mapping problem, but
	 * "5" is the order as taken from sys/mount.h
	 */

	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "flushindir", NULL,
		       NULL, 0, &lfs_writeindir, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_WRITEINDIR, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "clean_vnhead", NULL,
		       NULL, 0, &lfs_clean_vnhead, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_CLEAN_VNHEAD, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "dostats",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Maintain statistics on LFS operations"),
		       sysctl_lfs_dostats, 0, &lfs_dostats, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_DOSTATS, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "pagetrip",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("How many dirty pages in fs triggers"
				    " a flush"),
		       NULL, 0, &lfs_fs_pagetrip, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_FS_PAGETRIP, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "ignore_lazy_sync",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Lazy Sync is ignored entirely"),
		       NULL, 0, &lfs_ignore_lazy_sync, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_IGNORE_LAZY_SYNC, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "rfw",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Use in-kernel roll-forward on mount"),
		       NULL, 0, &lfs_do_rfw, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_DO_RFW, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "rfw_limit",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Maximum number of partial segments"
				    " to roll forward"),
		       NULL, 0, &lfs_rfw_max_psegs, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_RFW_LIMIT, CTL_EOL);

	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
		       CTLTYPE_NODE, "stats",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Statistics"),
		       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_STATS, CTL_EOL);
	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(struct lfs_stats) / sizeof(u_int); i++) {
		sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
			       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READONLY,
			       CTLTYPE_INT, stat_names[i].sname,
			       SYSCTL_DESCR(stat_names[i].lname),
			       NULL, 0, &(((u_int *)&lfs_stats.segsused)[i]),
			       0, CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_STATS, i, CTL_EOL);
	}

#ifdef DEBUG
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
		       CTLTYPE_NODE, "debug",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Debug options"),
		       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_DEBUG, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
		       CTLTYPE_INT, "freelist",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Track consistency of inode freelist"),
		       NULL, 0, &lfs_do_check_freelist, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_DEBUG, LFS_DEBUG_FREELIST, CTL_EOL);
	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
		       CTLTYPE_NODE, "log",
		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Verbose logging"),
		       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
		       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_DEBUG, LFS_DEBUG_LOG, CTL_EOL);
	for (i = 0; i < DLOG_MAX; i++) {
		sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
			       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
			       CTLTYPE_INT, dlog_names[i].sname,
			       SYSCTL_DESCR(dlog_names[i].lname),
			       NULL, 0, &(lfs_debug_log_subsys[i]), 0,
			       CTL_VFS, 5, LFS_DEBUG, LFS_DEBUG_LOG, i, CTL_EOL);
	}
#endif
}

/* old cleaner syscall interface.  see VOP_FCNTL() */
static const struct syscall_package lfs_syscalls[] = {
	{ SYS_lfs_bmapv,	0, (sy_call_t *)sys_lfs_bmapv		},
	{ SYS_lfs_markv,	0, (sy_call_t *)sys_lfs_markv		},
	{ SYS___lfs_segwait50,	0, (sy_call_t *)sys___lfs_segwait50	},
	{ SYS_lfs_segclean,	0, (sy_call_t *)sys_lfs_segclean	},
	{ 0, 0, NULL },
};

static int
lfs_modcmd(modcmd_t cmd, void *arg)
{
	int error;

	switch (cmd) {
	case MODULE_CMD_INIT:
		error = syscall_establish(NULL, lfs_syscalls);
		if (error)
			return error;
		error = vfs_attach(&lfs_vfsops);
		if (error != 0) {
			syscall_disestablish(NULL, lfs_syscalls);
			break;
		}
		cv_init(&lfs_allclean_wakeup, "segment");
		break;
	case MODULE_CMD_FINI:
		error = vfs_detach(&lfs_vfsops);
		if (error != 0)
			break;
		syscall_disestablish(NULL, lfs_syscalls);
		cv_destroy(&lfs_allclean_wakeup);
		break;
	default:
		error = ENOTTY;
		break;
	}

	return (error);
}

/*
 * XXX Same structure as FFS inodes?  Should we share a common pool?
 */
struct pool lfs_inode_pool;
struct pool lfs_dinode_pool;
struct pool lfs_inoext_pool;
struct pool lfs_lbnentry_pool;

/*
 * The writer daemon.  UVM keeps track of how many dirty pages we are holding
 * in lfs_subsys_pages; the daemon flushes the filesystem when this value
 * crosses the (user-defined) threshold LFS_MAX_PAGES.
 */
static void
lfs_writerd(void *arg)
{
	mount_iterator_t *iter;
 	struct mount *mp;
 	struct lfs *fs;
	struct vfsops *vfs = NULL;
 	int fsflags;
	int lfsc;
	int wrote_something = 0;

	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
	KASSERTMSG(lfs_writer_daemon == NULL, "more than one LFS writer daemon");
	lfs_writer_daemon = curlwp;
	mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

	/* Take an extra reference to the LFS vfsops. */
	vfs = vfs_getopsbyname(MOUNT_LFS);

 	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
 	for (;;) {
		KASSERT(mutex_owned(&lfs_lock));
		if (wrote_something == 0)
			cv_timedwait(&lfs_writerd_cv, &lfs_lock, hz/10 + 1);
		KASSERT(mutex_owned(&lfs_lock));
		wrote_something = 0;

		/*
		 * If global state wants a flush, flush everything.
		 */
		if (lfs_do_flush || locked_queue_count + locked_queue_rcount > LFS_MAX_BUFS ||
			locked_queue_bytes + locked_queue_rbytes > LFS_MAX_BYTES ||
			lfs_subsys_pages > LFS_MAX_PAGES) {

			if (lfs_do_flush) {
				DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: lfs_do_flush\n"));
			}
			if (locked_queue_count + locked_queue_rcount > LFS_MAX_BUFS) {
				DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: lqc+lqrc = %d, max %d\n",
				      locked_queue_count, LFS_MAX_BUFS));
			}
			if (locked_queue_bytes + locked_queue_rbytes > LFS_MAX_BYTES) {
				DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: lqb + lqrb = %ld, max %ld\n",
				      locked_queue_bytes, LFS_MAX_BYTES));
			}
			if (lfs_subsys_pages > LFS_MAX_PAGES) {
				DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: lssp = %d, max %d\n",
				      lfs_subsys_pages, LFS_MAX_PAGES));
			}

			lfs_flush(NULL, SEGM_WRITERD, 0);
			lfs_do_flush = 0;
			KASSERT(mutex_owned(&lfs_lock));
			continue;
		}
		KASSERT(mutex_owned(&lfs_lock));
		mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

 		/*
 		 * Look through the list of LFSs to see if any of them
 		 * have requested pageouts.
 		 */
 		mountlist_iterator_init(&iter);
		lfsc = 0;
		while ((mp = mountlist_iterator_next(iter)) != NULL) {
			KASSERT(!mutex_owned(&lfs_lock));
 			if (strncmp(mp->mnt_stat.f_fstypename, MOUNT_LFS,
 			    sizeof(mp->mnt_stat.f_fstypename)) == 0) {
				++lfsc;
 				fs = VFSTOULFS(mp)->um_lfs;
				daddr_t ooffset = 0;
				fsflags = SEGM_SINGLE;

 				mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
				ooffset = lfs_sb_getoffset(fs);

				if (lfs_sb_getnextseg(fs) < lfs_sb_getcurseg(fs) && fs->lfs_nowrap) {
					/* Don't try to write if we're suspended */
					mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
					continue;
				}
				if (LFS_STARVED_FOR_SEGS(fs)) {
					mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

					DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: need cleaning before writing possible\n"));
					lfs_wakeup_cleaner(fs);
					continue;
				}

 				if ((fs->lfs_dirvcount > LFS_MAX_FSDIROP(fs) ||
 				     lfs_dirvcount > LFS_MAX_DIROP) &&
				    fs->lfs_dirops == 0) {
					fsflags &= ~SEGM_SINGLE;
 					fsflags |= SEGM_CKP;
					DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: checkpoint\n"));
					lfs_flush_fs(fs, fsflags);
				} else if (fs->lfs_pdflush) {
 					DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: pdflush set\n"));
 					lfs_flush_fs(fs, fsflags);
 				} else if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&fs->lfs_pchainhd)) {
 					DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_writerd: pchain non-empty\n"));
 					mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
 					lfs_writer_enter(fs, "wrdirop");
 					lfs_flush_pchain(fs);
 					lfs_writer_leave(fs);
					mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
				}
				if (lfs_sb_getoffset(fs) != ooffset)
					++wrote_something;
				mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
 			}
			KASSERT(!mutex_owned(&lfs_lock));
 		}
		if (lfsc == 0) {
			mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
			lfs_writer_daemon = NULL;
			mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
			mountlist_iterator_destroy(iter);
			break;
		}
 		mountlist_iterator_destroy(iter);

 		mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
 	}
	KASSERT(!mutex_owned(&lfs_lock));

	/* Give up our extra reference so the module can be unloaded. */
	mutex_enter(&vfs_list_lock);
	if (vfs != NULL)
		vfs->vfs_refcount--;
	mutex_exit(&vfs_list_lock);

	/* Done! */
	kthread_exit(0);
}

/*
 * Initialize the filesystem, most work done by ulfs_init.
 */
void
lfs_init(void)
{

	/*
	 * XXX: should we use separate pools for 32-bit and 64-bit
	 * dinodes?
	 */
	malloc_type_attach(M_SEGMENT);
	pool_init(&lfs_inode_pool, sizeof(struct inode), 0, 0, 0,
	    "lfsinopl", &pool_allocator_nointr, IPL_NONE);
	pool_init(&lfs_dinode_pool, sizeof(union lfs_dinode), 0, 0, 0,
	    "lfsdinopl", &pool_allocator_nointr, IPL_NONE);
	pool_init(&lfs_inoext_pool, sizeof(struct lfs_inode_ext), 8, 0, 0,
	    "lfsinoextpl", &pool_allocator_nointr, IPL_NONE);
	pool_init(&lfs_lbnentry_pool, sizeof(struct lbnentry), 0, 0, 0,
	    "lfslbnpool", &pool_allocator_nointr, IPL_NONE);
	ulfs_init();

#ifdef DEBUG
	memset(lfs_log, 0, sizeof(lfs_log));
#endif
	mutex_init(&lfs_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
	cv_init(&lfs_writerd_cv, "lfswrite");
	cv_init(&locked_queue_cv, "lfsbuf");
	cv_init(&lfs_writing_cv, "lfsflush");
	workqueue_create(&lfs_cluster_wq, "lfscwq", lfs_cluster_work, NULL,
					PRI_BIO, IPL_BIO, WQ_MPSAFE);
	workqueue_create(&lfs_super_wq, "lfsswq", lfs_super_work, NULL,
 					PRI_BIO, IPL_BIO, WQ_MPSAFE);
}

void
lfs_reinit(void)
{
	ulfs_reinit();
}

void
lfs_done(void)
{
	ulfs_done();
	mutex_destroy(&lfs_lock);
	cv_destroy(&lfs_writerd_cv);
	cv_destroy(&locked_queue_cv);
	cv_destroy(&lfs_writing_cv);
	workqueue_destroy(lfs_cluster_wq);
	workqueue_destroy(lfs_super_wq);
	pool_destroy(&lfs_inode_pool);
	pool_destroy(&lfs_dinode_pool);
	pool_destroy(&lfs_inoext_pool);
	pool_destroy(&lfs_lbnentry_pool);
	malloc_type_detach(M_SEGMENT);
}

/*
 * Called by main() when ulfs is going to be mounted as root.
 */
int
lfs_mountroot(void)
{
	extern struct vnode *rootvp;
	struct lfs *fs = NULL;				/* LFS */
	struct mount *mp;
	struct lwp *l = curlwp;
	struct ulfsmount *ump;
	int error;

	if (device_class(root_device) != DV_DISK)
		return (ENODEV);

	if (rootdev == NODEV)
		return (ENODEV);
	if ((error = vfs_rootmountalloc(MOUNT_LFS, "root_device", &mp))) {
		vrele(rootvp);
		return (error);
	}
	if ((error = lfs_mountfs(rootvp, mp, l))) {
		vfs_unbusy(mp);
		vfs_rele(mp);
		return (error);
	}
	mountlist_append(mp);
	ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	fs = ump->um_lfs;
	lfs_sb_setfsmnt(fs, mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
	(void)lfs_statvfs(mp, &mp->mnt_stat);
	vfs_unbusy(mp);
	setrootfstime((time_t)lfs_sb_gettstamp(VFSTOULFS(mp)->um_lfs));
	return (0);
}

/*
 * VFS Operations.
 *
 * mount system call
 */
int
lfs_mount(struct mount *mp, const char *path, void *data, size_t *data_len)
{
	struct lwp *l = curlwp;
	struct vnode *devvp;
	struct ulfs_args *args = data;
	struct ulfsmount *ump = NULL;
	struct lfs *fs = NULL;				/* LFS */
	int error = 0, update;
	mode_t accessmode;

	if (args == NULL)
		return EINVAL;
	if (*data_len < sizeof *args)
		return EINVAL;

	if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_GETARGS) {
		ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
		if (ump == NULL)
			return EIO;
		args->fspec = NULL;
		*data_len = sizeof *args;
		return 0;
	}

	update = mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UPDATE;

	/* Check arguments */
	if (args->fspec != NULL) {
		/*
		 * Look up the name and verify that it's sane.
		 */
		error = namei_simple_user(args->fspec,
					NSM_FOLLOW_NOEMULROOT, &devvp);
		if (error != 0)
			return (error);

		if (!update) {
			/*
			 * Be sure this is a valid block device
			 */
			if (devvp->v_type != VBLK)
				error = ENOTBLK;
			else if (bdevsw_lookup(devvp->v_rdev) == NULL)
				error = ENXIO;
		} else {
			/*
			 * Be sure we're still naming the same device
			 * used for our initial mount
			 *
			 * XXX dholland 20151010: if namei gives us a
			 * different vnode for the same device,
			 * wouldn't it be better to use it going
			 * forward rather than ignore it in favor of
			 * the old one?
			 */
			ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
			fs = ump->um_lfs;
			if (devvp != fs->lfs_devvp) {
				if (devvp->v_rdev != fs->lfs_devvp->v_rdev)
					error = EINVAL;
				else {
					vrele(devvp);
					devvp = fs->lfs_devvp;
					vref(devvp);
				}
			}
		}
	} else {
		if (!update) {
			/* New mounts must have a filename for the device */
			return (EINVAL);
		} else {
			/* Use the extant mount */
			ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
			fs = ump->um_lfs;
			devvp = fs->lfs_devvp;
			vref(devvp);
		}
	}


	/*
	 * If mount by non-root, then verify that user has necessary
	 * permissions on the device.
	 */
	if (error == 0) {
		accessmode = VREAD;
		if (update ?
		    (mp->mnt_iflag & IMNT_WANTRDWR) != 0 :
		    (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
			accessmode |= VWRITE;
		vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
		error = kauth_authorize_system(l->l_cred, KAUTH_SYSTEM_MOUNT,
		    KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_MOUNT_DEVICE, mp, devvp,
		    KAUTH_ARG(accessmode));
		VOP_UNLOCK(devvp);
	}

	if (error) {
		vrele(devvp);
		return (error);
	}

	if (!update) {
		int flags;

		if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
			flags = FREAD;
		else
			flags = FREAD|FWRITE;
		vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
		error = VOP_OPEN(devvp, flags, FSCRED);
		VOP_UNLOCK(devvp);
		if (error)
			goto fail;
		error = lfs_mountfs(devvp, mp, l);		/* LFS */
		if (error) {
			vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
			(void)VOP_CLOSE(devvp, flags, NOCRED);
			VOP_UNLOCK(devvp);
			goto fail;
		}

		ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
		fs = ump->um_lfs;
	} else {
		/*
		 * Update the mount.
		 */

		/*
		 * The initial mount got a reference on this
		 * device, so drop the one obtained via
		 * namei(), above.
		 */
		vrele(devvp);

		ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
		fs = ump->um_lfs;

		if (!fs->lfs_ronly && (mp->mnt_iflag & IMNT_WANTRDONLY)) {
			/*
			 * Changing from read/write to read-only.
			 */
			int flags = WRITECLOSE;
			if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE)
				flags |= FORCECLOSE;
			error = lfs_flushfiles(mp, flags);
			if (error)
				return error;
			fs->lfs_ronly = 1;
		} else if (fs->lfs_ronly && (mp->mnt_iflag & IMNT_WANTRDWR)) {
			/*
			 * Changing from read-only to read/write.
			 * Note in the superblocks that we're writing.
			 */

			/* XXX: quotas should have been on even if readonly */
			if (fs->lfs_use_quota2) {
#ifdef LFS_QUOTA2
				error = lfs_quota2_mount(mp);
#else
				uprintf("%s: no kernel support for this "
					"filesystem's quotas\n",
					mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
				if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE) {
					uprintf("%s: mounting anyway; "
						"fsck afterwards\n",
						mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
				} else {
					error = EINVAL;
				}
#endif
				if (error) {
					return error;
				}
			}

			fs->lfs_ronly = 0;
			if (lfs_sb_getpflags(fs) & LFS_PF_CLEAN) {
				lfs_sb_setpflags(fs, lfs_sb_getpflags(fs) & ~LFS_PF_CLEAN);
				lfs_writesuper(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 0));
				lfs_writesuper(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 1));
			}
		}

		if (args->fspec == NULL)
			return 0;
	}

	error = set_statvfs_info(path, UIO_USERSPACE, args->fspec,
	    UIO_USERSPACE, mp->mnt_op->vfs_name, mp, l);
	if (error == 0)
		lfs_sb_setfsmnt(fs, mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
	return error;

fail:
	vrele(devvp);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Helper for mountfs. Note that the fs pointer may be a dummy one
 * pointing into a superblock buffer. (Which is gross; see below.)
 */
static int
lfs_checkmagic(struct lfs *fs)
{
	switch (fs->lfs_dlfs_u.u_32.dlfs_magic) {
	    case LFS_MAGIC:
		fs->lfs_is64 = false;
		fs->lfs_dobyteswap = false;
		break;
	    case LFS64_MAGIC:
		fs->lfs_is64 = true;
		fs->lfs_dobyteswap = false;
		break;
#ifdef LFS_EI
	    case LFS_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
		fs->lfs_is64 = false;
		fs->lfs_dobyteswap = true;
		break;
	    case LFS64_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
		fs->lfs_is64 = true;
		fs->lfs_dobyteswap = true;
		break;
#endif
	    default:
		/* XXX needs translation */
		return EINVAL;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Common code for mount and mountroot
 * LFS specific
 */
int
lfs_mountfs(struct vnode *devvp, struct mount *mp, struct lwp *l)
{
	struct lfs *primarysb, *altsb, *thesb;
	struct buf *primarybuf, *altbuf;
	struct lfs *fs;
	struct ulfsmount *ump;
	struct vnode *vp;
	dev_t dev;
	int error, i, ronly, fsbsize;
	kauth_cred_t cred;
	CLEANERINFO *cip;
	SEGUSE *sup;
	daddr_t sb_addr;
	ino_t *orphan;
	size_t norphan;

	cred = l ? l->l_cred : NOCRED;

	/* The superblock is supposed to be 512 bytes. */
	__CTASSERT(sizeof(struct dlfs) == DEV_BSIZE);

	/*
	 * Flush out any old buffers remaining from a previous use.
	 */
	vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
	error = vinvalbuf(devvp, V_SAVE, cred, l, 0, 0);
	VOP_UNLOCK(devvp);
	if (error)
		return (error);

	ronly = (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) != 0;

	/* Don't free random space on error. */
	primarybuf = NULL;
	altbuf = NULL;
	ump = NULL;

	sb_addr = LFS_LABELPAD / DEV_BSIZE;
	while (1) {
		/*
		 * Read in the superblock.
		 *
		 * Note that because LFS_SBPAD is substantially larger
		 * (8K) than the actual on-disk superblock (512 bytes)
		 * the buffer contains enough space to be used as a
		 * whole struct lfs (in-memory superblock) - we do this
		 * only so we can set and use the is64 and dobyteswap
		 * members. XXX this is gross and the logic here should
		 * be reworked.
		 */
		error = bread(devvp, sb_addr, LFS_SBPAD, 0, &primarybuf);
		if (error)
			goto out;
		primarysb = (struct lfs *)primarybuf->b_data;

		/* Check the basics. */
		error = lfs_checkmagic(primarysb);
		if (error) {
			DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mountfs: primary superblock wrong magic\n"));
			goto out;
		}
		if (lfs_sb_getbsize(primarysb) > MAXBSIZE ||
		    lfs_sb_getversion(primarysb) > LFS_VERSION ||
		    lfs_sb_getbsize(primarysb) < sizeof(struct dlfs)) {
			DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mountfs: primary superblock sanity failed\n"));
			/* XXX needs translation */
			error = EINVAL;
			goto out;
		}
		if (lfs_sb_getinodefmt(primarysb) > LFS_MAXINODEFMT) {
			DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mountfs: unknown inode format %d\n",
			       lfs_sb_getinodefmt(primarysb)));
			error = EINVAL;
			goto out;
		}

		if (lfs_sb_getversion(primarysb) == 1)
			fsbsize = DEV_BSIZE;
		else {
			fsbsize = 1 << lfs_sb_getffshift(primarysb);
			/*
			 * Could be, if the frag size is large enough, that we
			 * don't have the "real" primary superblock.  If that's
			 * the case, get the real one, and try again.
			 */
			if (sb_addr != (lfs_sb_getsboff(primarysb, 0) << (lfs_sb_getffshift(primarysb) - DEV_BSHIFT))) {
				DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mountfs: sb daddr"
				      " 0x%llx is not right, trying 0x%llx\n",
				      (long long)sb_addr,
				      (long long)(lfs_sb_getsboff(primarysb, 0) << (lfs_sb_getffshift(primarysb) - DEV_BSHIFT))));
				sb_addr = lfs_sb_getsboff(primarysb, 0) << (lfs_sb_getffshift(primarysb) - DEV_BSHIFT);
				brelse(primarybuf, BC_INVAL);
				continue;
			}
		}
		break;
	}

	/*
	 * Check the second superblock to see which is newer; then mount
	 * using the older of the two.	This is necessary to ensure that
	 * the filesystem is valid if it was not unmounted cleanly.
	 */

	if (lfs_sb_getsboff(primarysb, 1) &&
	    lfs_sb_getsboff(primarysb, 1) - LFS_LABELPAD / fsbsize > LFS_SBPAD / fsbsize)
	{
		error = bread(devvp, lfs_sb_getsboff(primarysb, 1) * (fsbsize / DEV_BSIZE),
			LFS_SBPAD, 0, &altbuf);
		if (error)
			goto out;
		altsb = (struct lfs *)altbuf->b_data;

		/*
		 * Note: this used to do the sanity check only if the
		 * timestamp/serial comparison required use of altsb;
		 * this way is less tolerant, but if altsb is corrupted
		 * enough that the magic number, version, and blocksize
		 * are bogus, why would the timestamp or serial fields
		 * mean anything either? If this kind of thing happens,
		 * you need to fsck anyway.
		 */

		error = lfs_checkmagic(altsb);
		if (error)
			goto out;

		/* Check the basics. */
		if (lfs_sb_getbsize(altsb) > MAXBSIZE ||
		    lfs_sb_getversion(altsb) > LFS_VERSION ||
		    lfs_sb_getbsize(altsb) < sizeof(struct dlfs)) {
			DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mountfs: alt superblock"
			      " sanity failed\n"));
			error = EINVAL;		/* XXX needs translation */
			goto out;
		}

		if (lfs_sb_getversion(primarysb) == 1) {
			/* 1s resolution comparison */
			if (lfs_sb_gettstamp(altsb) < lfs_sb_gettstamp(primarysb))
				thesb = altsb;
			else
				thesb = primarysb;
		} else {
			/* monotonic infinite-resolution comparison */
			if (lfs_sb_getserial(altsb) < lfs_sb_getserial(primarysb))
				thesb = altsb;
			else
				thesb = primarysb;
		}
	} else {
		DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mountfs: invalid alt superblock location"
		      " daddr=0x%x\n", lfs_sb_getsboff(primarysb, 1)));
		error = EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	/*
	 * Allocate the mount structure, copy the superblock into it.
	 * Note that the 32-bit and 64-bit superblocks are the same size.
	 */
	fs = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(struct lfs), KM_SLEEP);
	memcpy(&fs->lfs_dlfs_u.u_32, &thesb->lfs_dlfs_u.u_32,
	       sizeof(struct dlfs));
	fs->lfs_is64 = thesb->lfs_is64;
	fs->lfs_dobyteswap = thesb->lfs_dobyteswap;
	fs->lfs_hasolddirfmt = false; /* set for real below */

	/* Compatibility */
	if (lfs_sb_getversion(fs) < 2) {
		lfs_sb_setsumsize(fs, LFS_V1_SUMMARY_SIZE);
		lfs_sb_setibsize(fs, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs));
		lfs_sb_sets0addr(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 0));
		lfs_sb_settstamp(fs, lfs_sb_getotstamp(fs));
		lfs_sb_setfsbtodb(fs, 0);
	}
	if (lfs_sb_getresvseg(fs) == 0)
		lfs_sb_setresvseg(fs, MIN(lfs_sb_getminfreeseg(fs) - 1, \
			MAX(MIN_RESV_SEGS, lfs_sb_getminfreeseg(fs) / 2 + 1)));

	/*
	 * If we aren't going to be able to write meaningfully to this
	 * filesystem, and were not mounted readonly, bomb out now.
	 */
	if (lfs_fsbtob(fs, LFS_NRESERVE(fs)) > LFS_MAX_BYTES && !ronly) {
		DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mount: to mount this filesystem read/write,"
		      " we need BUFPAGES >= %lld\n",
		      (long long)((bufmem_hiwater / bufmem_lowater) *
				  LFS_INVERSE_MAX_BYTES(
					  lfs_fsbtob(fs, LFS_NRESERVE(fs))) >> PAGE_SHIFT)));
		kmem_free(fs, sizeof(struct lfs));
		error = EFBIG; /* XXX needs translation */
		goto out;
	}

	/* Before rolling forward, lock so vget will sleep for other procs */
	if (l != NULL) {
		fs->lfs_flags = LFS_NOTYET;
		fs->lfs_rfpid = l->l_proc->p_pid;
	}

	ump = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*ump), KM_SLEEP);
	ump->um_lfs = fs;
	ump->um_fstype = fs->lfs_is64 ? ULFS2 : ULFS1;
	/* ump->um_cleaner_thread = NULL; */
	brelse(primarybuf, BC_INVAL);
	brelse(altbuf, BC_INVAL);
	primarybuf = NULL;
	altbuf = NULL;


	/* Set up the I/O information */
	fs->lfs_devbsize = DEV_BSIZE;
	fs->lfs_iocount = 0;
	fs->lfs_diropwait = 0;
	fs->lfs_activesb = 0;
	lfs_sb_setuinodes(fs, 0);
	fs->lfs_ravail = 0;
	fs->lfs_favail = 0;
	fs->lfs_sbactive = 0;

	/* Set up the ifile and lock aflags */
	fs->lfs_doifile = 0;
	fs->lfs_writer = 0;
	fs->lfs_dirops = 0;
	fs->lfs_nadirop = 0;
	fs->lfs_seglock = 0;
	fs->lfs_pdflush = 0;
	fs->lfs_sleepers = 0;
	fs->lfs_pages = 0;
	rw_init(&fs->lfs_fraglock);
	rw_init(&fs->lfs_iflock);
	cv_init(&fs->lfs_sleeperscv, "lfs_slp");
	cv_init(&fs->lfs_diropscv, "lfs_dirop");
	cv_init(&fs->lfs_stopcv, "lfsstop");
	cv_init(&fs->lfs_nextsegsleep, "segment");

	/* Set the file system readonly/modify bits. */
	fs->lfs_ronly = ronly;
	if (ronly == 0)
		fs->lfs_fmod = 1;

	/* Device we're using */
	dev = devvp->v_rdev;
	fs->lfs_dev = dev;
	fs->lfs_devvp = devvp;

	/* ulfs-level information */
	fs->um_flags = 0;
	fs->um_bptrtodb = lfs_sb_getffshift(fs) - DEV_BSHIFT;
	fs->um_seqinc = lfs_sb_getfrag(fs);
	fs->um_nindir = lfs_sb_getnindir(fs);
	fs->um_lognindir = ffs(lfs_sb_getnindir(fs)) - 1;
	fs->um_maxsymlinklen = lfs_sb_getmaxsymlinklen(fs);
	fs->um_dirblksiz = LFS_DIRBLKSIZ;
	fs->um_maxfilesize = lfs_sb_getmaxfilesize(fs);

	/* quota stuff */
	/* XXX: these need to come from the on-disk superblock to be used */
	fs->lfs_use_quota2 = 0;
	fs->lfs_quota_magic = 0;
	fs->lfs_quota_flags = 0;
	fs->lfs_quotaino[0] = 0;
	fs->lfs_quotaino[1] = 0;

	/* Initialize the mount structure. */
	mp->mnt_data = ump;
	mp->mnt_stat.f_fsidx.__fsid_val[0] = (long)dev;
	mp->mnt_stat.f_fsidx.__fsid_val[1] = makefstype(MOUNT_LFS);
	mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid = mp->mnt_stat.f_fsidx.__fsid_val[0];
	mp->mnt_stat.f_namemax = LFS_MAXNAMLEN;
	mp->mnt_stat.f_iosize = lfs_sb_getbsize(fs);
	mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_LOCAL;
	mp->mnt_iflag |= IMNT_SHRLOOKUP;
	mp->mnt_fs_bshift = lfs_sb_getbshift(fs);
	mp->mnt_iflag |= IMNT_CAN_RWTORO;
	if (fs->um_maxsymlinklen > 0)
		mp->mnt_iflag |= IMNT_DTYPE;
	else
		fs->lfs_hasolddirfmt = true;

	ump->um_mountp = mp;
	for (i = 0; i < ULFS_MAXQUOTAS; i++)
		ump->um_quotas[i] = NULLVP;
	spec_node_setmountedfs(devvp, mp);

	/* Set up reserved memory for pageout */
	lfs_setup_resblks(fs);
	/* Set up vdirop tailq */
	TAILQ_INIT(&fs->lfs_dchainhd);
	/* and paging tailq */
	TAILQ_INIT(&fs->lfs_pchainhd);
	/* and delayed segment accounting for truncation list */
	LIST_INIT(&fs->lfs_segdhd);

	/*
	 * We use the ifile vnode for almost every operation.  Instead of
	 * retrieving it from the hash table each time we retrieve it here,
	 * artificially increment the reference count and keep a pointer
	 * to it in the incore copy of the superblock.
	 */
	if ((error = VFS_VGET(mp, LFS_IFILE_INUM, LK_EXCLUSIVE, &vp)) != 0) {
		DLOG((DLOG_MOUNT, "lfs_mountfs: ifile vget failed, error=%d\n", error));
		goto out;
	}
	fs->lfs_ivnode = vp;
	vref(vp);

	/* Set up inode bitmap, order free list, and gather orphans.  */
	lfs_order_freelist(fs, &orphan, &norphan);

	/* Set up segment usage flags for the autocleaner. */
	fs->lfs_nactive = 0;
	fs->lfs_suflags = malloc(2 * sizeof(u_int32_t *),
				 M_SEGMENT, M_WAITOK);
	fs->lfs_suflags[0] = malloc(lfs_sb_getnseg(fs) * sizeof(u_int32_t),
				    M_SEGMENT, M_WAITOK);
	fs->lfs_suflags[1] = malloc(lfs_sb_getnseg(fs) * sizeof(u_int32_t),
				    M_SEGMENT, M_WAITOK);
	memset(fs->lfs_suflags[1], 0, lfs_sb_getnseg(fs) * sizeof(u_int32_t));
	for (i = 0; i < lfs_sb_getnseg(fs); i++) {
		int changed;
		struct buf *bp;

		LFS_SEGENTRY(sup, fs, i, bp);
		changed = 0;
		if (!ronly) {
			if (sup->su_nbytes == 0 &&
			    !(sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_EMPTY)) {
				sup->su_flags |= SEGUSE_EMPTY;
				++changed;
			} else if (!(sup->su_nbytes == 0) &&
				   (sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_EMPTY)) {
				sup->su_flags &= ~SEGUSE_EMPTY;
				++changed;
			}
			if (sup->su_flags & (SEGUSE_ACTIVE|SEGUSE_INVAL)) {
				sup->su_flags &= ~(SEGUSE_ACTIVE|SEGUSE_INVAL);
				++changed;
			}
		}
		fs->lfs_suflags[0][i] = sup->su_flags;
		if (changed)
			LFS_WRITESEGENTRY(sup, fs, i, bp);
		else
			brelse(bp, 0);
	}

	/* Free the orphans we discovered while ordering the freelist.  */
	lfs_free_orphans(fs, orphan, norphan);

	if (!ronly) {
		/* Roll forward */
		lfs_roll_forward(fs, mp, l);
		lfs_reset_avail(fs);
	}
	fs->lfs_rfpid = 0;

	/*
	 * XXX: if the fs has quotas, quotas should be on even if
	 * readonly. Otherwise you can't query the quota info!
	 * However, that's not how the quota2 code got written and I
	 * don't know if it'll behave itself if enabled while
	 * readonly, so for now use the same enable logic as ffs.
	 *
	 * XXX: also, if you use the -f behavior allowed here (and
	 * equivalently above for remount) it will corrupt the fs. It
	 * ought not to allow that. It should allow mounting readonly
	 * if there are quotas and the kernel doesn't have the quota
	 * code, but only readonly.
	 *
	 * XXX: and if you use the -f behavior allowed here it will
	 * likely crash at unmount time (or remount time) because we
	 * think quotas are active.
	 *
	 * Although none of this applies until there's a way to set
	 * lfs_use_quota2 and have quotas in the fs at all.
	 */
	if (!ronly && fs->lfs_use_quota2) {
#ifdef LFS_QUOTA2
		error = lfs_quota2_mount(mp);
#else
		uprintf("%s: no kernel support for this filesystem's quotas\n",
			mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
		if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE) {
			uprintf("%s: mounting anyway; fsck afterwards\n",
				mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname);
		} else {
			error = EINVAL;
		}
#endif
		if (error) {
			/* XXX XXX must clean up the stuff immediately above */
			printf("lfs_mountfs: sorry, leaking some memory\n");
			goto out;
		}
	}

	/* If writing, sb is not clean; record in case of immediate crash */
	if (!fs->lfs_ronly) {
		lfs_sb_setpflags(fs, lfs_sb_getpflags(fs) & ~LFS_PF_CLEAN);
		lfs_writesuper(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 0));
		lfs_writesuper(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 1));
	}

	/* Allow vget now that roll-forward is complete */
	fs->lfs_flags &= ~(LFS_NOTYET);
	wakeup(&fs->lfs_flags);

	/*
	 * Initialize the ifile cleaner info with information from
	 * the superblock.
	 */
	{
		struct buf *bp;

		LFS_CLEANERINFO(cip, fs, bp);
		lfs_ci_setclean(fs, cip, lfs_sb_getnclean(fs));
		lfs_ci_setdirty(fs, cip, lfs_sb_getnseg(fs) - lfs_sb_getnclean(fs));
		lfs_ci_setavail(fs, cip, lfs_sb_getavail(fs));
		lfs_ci_setbfree(fs, cip, lfs_sb_getbfree(fs));
		(void) LFS_BWRITE_LOG(bp); /* Ifile */
	}

	/*
	 * Mark the current segment as ACTIVE, since we're going to
	 * be writing to it.
	 */
	{
		struct buf *bp;

		LFS_SEGENTRY(sup, fs, lfs_dtosn(fs, lfs_sb_getoffset(fs)), bp);
		sup->su_flags |= SEGUSE_DIRTY | SEGUSE_ACTIVE;
		fs->lfs_nactive++;
		LFS_WRITESEGENTRY(sup, fs, lfs_dtosn(fs, lfs_sb_getoffset(fs)), bp);  /* Ifile */
	}

	/* Now that roll-forward is done, unlock the Ifile */
	vput(vp);

	/* Start the pagedaemon-anticipating daemon */
	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
	if (lfs_writer_daemon == NULL &&
	    kthread_create(PRI_BIO, 0, NULL,
	    lfs_writerd, NULL, NULL, "lfs_writer") != 0)
		panic("fork lfs_writer");
	mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

	printf("WARNING: the log-structured file system is experimental\n"
	    "WARNING: it may cause system crashes and/or corrupt data\n");

	return (0);

out:
	if (primarybuf)
		brelse(primarybuf, BC_INVAL);
	if (altbuf)
		brelse(altbuf, BC_INVAL);
	if (ump) {
		kmem_free(ump->um_lfs, sizeof(struct lfs));
		kmem_free(ump, sizeof(*ump));
		mp->mnt_data = NULL;
	}

	return (error);
}

void
lfs_reset_avail(struct lfs *fs)
{
	daddr_t avail;
	int sn, nclean, nsb, labelcorrect, curr, mfs;
	SEGUSE *sup;
	struct buf *bp;

	KASSERT(!fs->lfs_ronly);

	avail = nclean = nsb = labelcorrect = 0;
	for (sn = 0; sn < lfs_sb_getnseg(fs); ++sn) {
		LFS_SEGENTRY(sup, fs, sn, bp);

		/* Count all clean segments and the remainder of this one */
		if (!(sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_DIRTY)) {
			++nclean;
			avail += lfs_segtod(fs, 1);

			/* Correct for label and superblock, if present */
			if (sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_SUPERBLOCK)
				++nsb;
			if (sn == 0 && lfs_sb_getversion(fs) > 1
			    && lfs_sb_gets0addr(fs) < lfs_btofsb(fs, LFS_LABELPAD))
				labelcorrect = lfs_btofsb(fs, LFS_LABELPAD)
					- lfs_sb_gets0addr(fs);
		}

		brelse(bp, 0);
	}

	/* Also may be available bytes in current seg */
	sn = lfs_dtosn(fs, lfs_sb_getoffset(fs));
	curr = lfs_sntod(fs, sn + 1) - lfs_sb_getoffset(fs);
	/* But do not count minfreesegs */
	mfs = lfs_segtod(fs, (lfs_sb_getminfreeseg(fs) -
		(lfs_sb_getminfreeseg(fs) / 2)));

	avail = nclean * lfs_segtod(fs, 1);
	avail -= nsb * lfs_btofsb(fs, LFS_SBPAD);
	avail -= labelcorrect;
	avail += curr;
	avail -= mfs;

	DLOG((DLOG_AVAIL, "avail := %jd*%jd-%jd*%jd-%jd+%jd-%jd=%jd\n",
	       (intmax_t)nclean,
	       (intmax_t)lfs_segtod(fs, 1),
	       (intmax_t)nsb,
	       (intmax_t)lfs_btofsb(fs, LFS_SBPAD),
	       (intmax_t)labelcorrect,
	       (intmax_t)curr,
	       (intmax_t)mfs,
	       (intmax_t)avail));

	lfs_sb_setavail(fs, avail);
	lfs_sb_setnclean(fs, nclean);
}

/*
 * unmount system call
 */
int
lfs_unmount(struct mount *mp, int mntflags)
{
	struct ulfsmount *ump;
	struct lfs *fs;
	int error, ronly;

	ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	fs = ump->um_lfs;

	error = lfs_flushfiles(mp, mntflags & MNT_FORCE ? FORCECLOSE : 0);
	if (error)
		return error;

	DEBUG_CHECK_FREELIST(fs);

	/* Finish with the Ifile, now that we're done with it */
	vgone(fs->lfs_ivnode);

	ronly = !fs->lfs_ronly;
	if (fs->lfs_devvp->v_type != VBAD)
		spec_node_setmountedfs(fs->lfs_devvp, NULL);
	vn_lock(fs->lfs_devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
	error = VOP_CLOSE(fs->lfs_devvp,
	    ronly ? FREAD : FREAD|FWRITE, NOCRED);
	vput(fs->lfs_devvp);

	/* Complain about page leakage */
	if (fs->lfs_pages > 0)
		printf("lfs_unmount: still claim %d pages (%d in subsystem)\n",
			fs->lfs_pages, lfs_subsys_pages);

	/* Free per-mount data structures */
	free(fs->lfs_ino_bitmap, M_SEGMENT);
	free(fs->lfs_suflags[0], M_SEGMENT);
	free(fs->lfs_suflags[1], M_SEGMENT);
	free(fs->lfs_suflags, M_SEGMENT);
	lfs_free_resblks(fs);
	cv_destroy(&fs->lfs_sleeperscv);
	cv_destroy(&fs->lfs_diropscv);
	cv_destroy(&fs->lfs_stopcv);
	cv_destroy(&fs->lfs_nextsegsleep);

	rw_destroy(&fs->lfs_fraglock);
	rw_destroy(&fs->lfs_iflock);

	kmem_free(fs, sizeof(struct lfs));
	kmem_free(ump, sizeof(*ump));

	mp->mnt_data = NULL;
	mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_LOCAL;
	return (error);
}

static int
lfs_flushfiles(struct mount *mp, int flags)
{
	struct lwp *l = curlwp;
	struct ulfsmount *ump;
	struct lfs *fs;
	struct vnode *vp;
	int error;

	ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	fs = ump->um_lfs;

	/* Two checkpoints */
	if (!fs->lfs_ronly) {
		lfs_segwrite(mp, SEGM_CKP | SEGM_SYNC);
		lfs_segwrite(mp, SEGM_CKP | SEGM_SYNC);
	}

	/* wake up the cleaner so it can die */
	/* XXX: shouldn't this be *after* the error cases below? */
	lfs_wakeup_cleaner(fs);
	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
	while (fs->lfs_sleepers)
		cv_wait(&fs->lfs_sleeperscv, &lfs_lock);
	mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

#ifdef LFS_EXTATTR
	if (ump->um_fstype == ULFS1) {
		if (ump->um_extattr.uepm_flags & ULFS_EXTATTR_UEPM_STARTED) {
			ulfs_extattr_stop(mp, curlwp);
		}
		if (ump->um_extattr.uepm_flags & ULFS_EXTATTR_UEPM_INITIALIZED) {
			ulfs_extattr_uepm_destroy(&ump->um_extattr);
			mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_EXTATTR;
		}
	}
#endif
#ifdef LFS_QUOTA
        if ((error = lfsquota1_umount(mp, flags)) != 0)
		return (error);
#endif
#ifdef LFS_QUOTA2
        if ((error = lfsquota2_umount(mp, flags)) != 0)
		return (error);
#endif
	if ((error = vflush(mp, fs->lfs_ivnode, flags)) != 0)
		return (error);
	if ((error = VFS_SYNC(mp, 1, l->l_cred)) != 0)
		return (error);
	vp = fs->lfs_ivnode;
	mutex_enter(vp->v_interlock);
	if (LIST_FIRST(&vp->v_dirtyblkhd))
		panic("lfs_unmount: still dirty blocks on ifile vnode");
	mutex_exit(vp->v_interlock);

	/* Explicitly write the superblock, to update serial and pflags */
	if (!fs->lfs_ronly) {
		lfs_sb_setpflags(fs, lfs_sb_getpflags(fs) | LFS_PF_CLEAN);
		lfs_writesuper(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 0));
		lfs_writesuper(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 1));
	}
	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
	while (fs->lfs_iocount)
		mtsleep(&fs->lfs_iocount, PRIBIO + 1, "lfs_umount", 0,
			&lfs_lock);
	mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Get file system statistics.
 *
 * NB: We don't lock to access the superblock here, because it's not
 * really that important if we get it wrong.
 */
int
lfs_statvfs(struct mount *mp, struct statvfs *sbp)
{
	struct lfs *fs;
	struct ulfsmount *ump;

	ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	fs = ump->um_lfs;

	sbp->f_bsize = lfs_sb_getbsize(fs);
	sbp->f_frsize = lfs_sb_getfsize(fs);
	sbp->f_iosize = lfs_sb_getbsize(fs);
	sbp->f_blocks = LFS_EST_NONMETA(fs) - VTOI(fs->lfs_ivnode)->i_lfs_effnblks;

	sbp->f_bfree = LFS_EST_BFREE(fs);
	/*
	 * XXX this should be lfs_sb_getsize (measured in frags)
	 * rather than dsize (measured in diskblocks). However,
	 * getsize needs a format version check (for version 1 it
	 * needs to be blockstofrags'd) so for the moment I'm going to
	 * leave this...  it won't fire wrongly as frags are at least
	 * as big as diskblocks.
	 */
	KASSERT(sbp->f_bfree <= lfs_sb_getdsize(fs));
#if 0
	if (sbp->f_bfree < 0)
		sbp->f_bfree = 0;
#endif

	sbp->f_bresvd = LFS_EST_RSVD(fs);
	if (sbp->f_bfree > sbp->f_bresvd)
		sbp->f_bavail = sbp->f_bfree - sbp->f_bresvd;
	else
		sbp->f_bavail = 0;

	/* XXX: huh? - dholland 20150728 */
	sbp->f_files = lfs_sb_getbfree(fs) / lfs_btofsb(fs, lfs_sb_getibsize(fs))
	    * LFS_INOPB(fs);
	sbp->f_ffree = sbp->f_files - lfs_sb_getnfiles(fs);
	sbp->f_favail = sbp->f_ffree;
	sbp->f_fresvd = 0;
	copy_statvfs_info(sbp, mp);
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Go through the disk queues to initiate sandbagged IO;
 * go through the inodes to write those that have been modified;
 * initiate the writing of the super block if it has been modified.
 */
int
lfs_sync(struct mount *mp, int waitfor, kauth_cred_t cred)
{
	int error, segflags;
	struct lfs *fs;

	fs = VFSTOULFS(mp)->um_lfs;
	if (fs->lfs_ronly)
		return 0;

	/* Snapshots should not hose the syncer */
	/*
	 * XXX Sync can block here anyway, since we don't have a very
	 * XXX good idea of how much data is pending.  If it's more
	 * XXX than a segment and lfs_nextseg is close to the end of
	 * XXX the log, we'll likely block.
	 */
	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
	if (fs->lfs_nowrap && lfs_sb_getnextseg(fs) < lfs_sb_getcurseg(fs)) {
		mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
		return 0;
	}
	mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

	lfs_writer_enter(fs, "lfs_dirops");

	DLOG((DLOG_FLUSH, "lfs_sync waitfor=%x at 0x%jx\n", waitfor,
	      (uintmax_t)lfs_sb_getoffset(fs)));

	segflags = 0;
	if (waitfor == MNT_LAZY)
		segflags = 0;
	else if (waitfor == MNT_NOWAIT)
		segflags = SEGM_CKP;
	else /* MNT_WAIT, or unknown value */
		segflags = SEGM_SYNC | SEGM_CKP;

	error = lfs_segwrite(mp, segflags);
	lfs_writer_leave(fs);
#ifdef LFS_QUOTA
	lfs_qsync(mp);
#endif
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Look up an LFS dinode number to find its incore vnode.  If not already
 * in core, read it in from the specified device.  Return the inode locked.
 * Detection and handling of mount points must be done by the calling routine.
 */
int
lfs_vget(struct mount *mp, ino_t ino, int lktype, struct vnode **vpp)
{
	int error;

	error = vcache_get(mp, &ino, sizeof(ino), vpp);
	if (error)
		return error;
	error = vn_lock(*vpp, lktype);
	if (error) {
		vrele(*vpp);
		*vpp = NULL;
		return error;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Create a new vnode/inode pair and initialize what fields we can.
 */
static void
lfs_init_vnode(struct ulfsmount *ump, ino_t ino, struct vnode *vp)
{
	struct lfs *fs = ump->um_lfs;
	struct inode *ip;
	union lfs_dinode *dp;

	ASSERT_NO_SEGLOCK(fs);

	/* Initialize the inode. */
	ip = pool_get(&lfs_inode_pool, PR_WAITOK);
	memset(ip, 0, sizeof(*ip));
	dp = pool_get(&lfs_dinode_pool, PR_WAITOK);
	memset(dp, 0, sizeof(*dp));
	ip->inode_ext.lfs = pool_get(&lfs_inoext_pool, PR_WAITOK);
	memset(ip->inode_ext.lfs, 0, sizeof(*ip->inode_ext.lfs));
	ip->i_din = dp;
	ip->i_ump = ump;
	ip->i_vnode = vp;
	ip->i_dev = fs->lfs_dev;
	lfs_dino_setinumber(fs, dp, ino);
	ip->i_number = ino;
	ip->i_lfs = fs;
	ip->i_lfs_effnblks = 0;
	SPLAY_INIT(&ip->i_lfs_lbtree);
	ip->i_lfs_nbtree = 0;
	LIST_INIT(&ip->i_lfs_segdhd);

	vp->v_tag = VT_LFS;
	vp->v_op = lfs_vnodeop_p;
	vp->v_data = ip;
}

/*
 * Undo lfs_init_vnode().
 */
static void
lfs_deinit_vnode(struct ulfsmount *ump, struct vnode *vp)
{
	struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);

	pool_put(&lfs_inoext_pool, ip->inode_ext.lfs);
	pool_put(&lfs_dinode_pool, ip->i_din);
	pool_put(&lfs_inode_pool, ip);
	vp->v_data = NULL;
}

/*
 * Read an inode from disk and initialize this vnode / inode pair.
 * Caller assures no other thread will try to load this inode.
 */
int
lfs_loadvnode(struct mount *mp, struct vnode *vp,
    const void *key, size_t key_len, const void **new_key)
{
	struct lfs *fs;
	union lfs_dinode *dip;
	struct inode *ip;
	struct buf *bp;
	IFILE *ifp;
	struct ulfsmount *ump;
	ino_t ino;
	daddr_t daddr;
	int error, retries;
	struct timespec ts;

	KASSERT(key_len == sizeof(ino));
	memcpy(&ino, key, key_len);

	memset(&ts, 0, sizeof ts);	/* XXX gcc */

	ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	fs = ump->um_lfs;

	/*
	 * If the filesystem is not completely mounted yet, suspend
	 * any access requests (wait for roll-forward to complete).
	 */
	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
	while ((fs->lfs_flags & LFS_NOTYET) && curproc->p_pid != fs->lfs_rfpid)
		mtsleep(&fs->lfs_flags, PRIBIO+1, "lfs_notyet", 0,
			&lfs_lock);
	mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

	/* Translate the inode number to a disk address. */
	if (ino == LFS_IFILE_INUM)
		daddr = lfs_sb_getidaddr(fs);
	else {
		/* XXX bounds-check this too */
		LFS_IENTRY(ifp, fs, ino, bp);
		daddr = lfs_if_getdaddr(fs, ifp);
		if (lfs_sb_getversion(fs) > 1) {
			ts.tv_sec = lfs_if_getatime_sec(fs, ifp);
			ts.tv_nsec = lfs_if_getatime_nsec(fs, ifp);
		}

		brelse(bp, 0);
		if (DADDR_IS_BAD(daddr))
			return (ENOENT);
	}

	/* Allocate/init new vnode/inode. */
	lfs_init_vnode(ump, ino, vp);
	ip = VTOI(vp);

	/* If the cleaner supplied the inode, use it. */
	if (curlwp == fs->lfs_cleaner_thread && fs->lfs_cleaner_hint != NULL &&
	    fs->lfs_cleaner_hint->bi_lbn == LFS_UNUSED_LBN) {
		dip = fs->lfs_cleaner_hint->bi_bp;
		if (fs->lfs_is64) {
			error = copyin(dip, &ip->i_din->u_64,
				       sizeof(struct lfs64_dinode));
		} else {
			error = copyin(dip, &ip->i_din->u_32,
				       sizeof(struct lfs32_dinode));
		}
		if (error) {
			lfs_deinit_vnode(ump, vp);
			return error;
		}
		KASSERT(ip->i_number == ino);
		goto out;
	}

	/* Read in the disk contents for the inode, copy into the inode. */
	retries = 0;
again:
	error = bread(fs->lfs_devvp, LFS_FSBTODB(fs, daddr),
		(lfs_sb_getversion(fs) == 1 ? lfs_sb_getbsize(fs) : lfs_sb_getibsize(fs)),
		0, &bp);
	if (error) {
		lfs_deinit_vnode(ump, vp);
		return error;
	}

	dip = lfs_ifind(fs, ino, bp);
	if (dip == NULL) {
		/* Assume write has not completed yet; try again */
		brelse(bp, BC_INVAL);
		++retries;
		if (retries <= LFS_IFIND_RETRIES) {
			mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
			if (fs->lfs_iocount) {
				DLOG((DLOG_VNODE,
				    "%s: dinode %d not found, retrying...\n",
				    __func__, ino));
				(void)mtsleep(&fs->lfs_iocount, PRIBIO + 1,
					      "lfs ifind", 1, &lfs_lock);
			} else
				retries = LFS_IFIND_RETRIES;
			mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
			goto again;
		}
#ifdef DEBUG
		/* If the seglock is held look at the bpp to see
		   what is there anyway */
		mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
		if (fs->lfs_seglock > 0) {
			struct buf **bpp;
			union lfs_dinode *dp;
			int i;

			for (bpp = fs->lfs_sp->bpp;
			     bpp != fs->lfs_sp->cbpp; ++bpp) {
				if ((*bpp)->b_vp == fs->lfs_ivnode &&
				    bpp != fs->lfs_sp->bpp) {
					/* Inode block */
					printf("%s: block 0x%" PRIx64 ": ",
					       __func__, (*bpp)->b_blkno);
					for (i = 0; i < LFS_INOPB(fs); i++) {
						dp = DINO_IN_BLOCK(fs,
						    (*bpp)->b_data, i);
						if (lfs_dino_getinumber(fs, dp))
							printf("%ju ",
							    (uintmax_t)lfs_dino_getinumber(fs, dp));
					}
					printf("\n");
				}
			}
		}
		mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
#endif /* DEBUG */
		panic("lfs_loadvnode: dinode not found");
	}
	lfs_copy_dinode(fs, ip->i_din, dip);
	brelse(bp, 0);

out:
	if (lfs_sb_getversion(fs) > 1) {
		lfs_dino_setatime(fs, ip->i_din, ts.tv_sec);
		lfs_dino_setatimensec(fs, ip->i_din, ts.tv_nsec);
	}

	lfs_vinit(mp, &vp);

	*new_key = &ip->i_number;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Create a new inode and initialize this vnode / inode pair.
 */
int
lfs_newvnode(struct mount *mp, struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *vp,
    struct vattr *vap, kauth_cred_t cred, void *extra,
    size_t *key_len, const void **new_key)
{
	ino_t ino;
	struct inode *ip;
	struct ulfsmount *ump;
	struct lfs *fs;
	int error, mode, gen;

	ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	fs = ump->um_lfs;

	KASSERT(dvp != NULL || vap->va_fileid > 0);
	KASSERT((fs->lfs_flags & LFS_NOTYET) ||
		(dvp != NULL && dvp->v_mount == mp));
	KASSERT(vap->va_type != VNON);

	*key_len = sizeof(ino);
	mode = MAKEIMODE(vap->va_type, vap->va_mode);

	/*
	 * Allocate fresh inode.  With "dvp == NULL" take the inode number
	 * and version from "vap".
	*/
	if (dvp == NULL) {
		ino = vap->va_fileid;
		gen = vap->va_gen;
		error = lfs_valloc_fixed(fs, ino, gen);
	} else {
		error = lfs_valloc(dvp, mode, cred, &ino, &gen);
	}
	if (error)
		return error;

	/* Attach inode to vnode. */
	lfs_init_vnode(ump, ino, vp);
	ip = VTOI(vp);

	mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
	LFS_SET_UINO(ip, IN_CHANGE);
	mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);

	/* Note no blocks yet */
	ip->i_lfs_hiblk = -1;

	/* Set a new generation number for this inode. */
	ip->i_gen = gen;
	lfs_dino_setgen(fs, ip->i_din, gen);

	memset(ip->i_lfs_fragsize, 0,
	    ULFS_NDADDR * sizeof(*ip->i_lfs_fragsize));

	/* Set uid / gid. */
	if (cred == NOCRED || cred == FSCRED) {
		ip->i_gid = 0;
		ip->i_uid = 0;
	} else {
		ip->i_gid = VTOI(dvp)->i_gid;
		ip->i_uid = kauth_cred_geteuid(cred);
	}
	DIP_ASSIGN(ip, gid, ip->i_gid);
	DIP_ASSIGN(ip, uid, ip->i_uid);

#if defined(LFS_QUOTA) || defined(LFS_QUOTA2)
	error = lfs_chkiq(ip, 1, cred, 0);
	if (error) {
		lfs_vfree(dvp, ino, mode);
		lfs_deinit_vnode(ump, vp);

		return error;
	}
#endif

	/* Set type and finalize. */
	ip->i_flags = 0;
	DIP_ASSIGN(ip, flags, 0);
	ip->i_mode = mode;
	DIP_ASSIGN(ip, mode, mode);
	if (vap->va_rdev != VNOVAL) {
		/*
		 * Want to be able to use this to make badblock
		 * inodes, so don't truncate the dev number.
		 */
		// XXX clean this up
		if (ump->um_fstype == ULFS1)
			ip->i_din->u_32.di_rdev = ulfs_rw32(vap->va_rdev,
			    ULFS_MPNEEDSWAP(fs));
		else
			ip->i_din->u_64.di_rdev = ulfs_rw64(vap->va_rdev,
			    ULFS_MPNEEDSWAP(fs));
	}
	lfs_vinit(mp, &vp);

	*new_key = &ip->i_number;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * File handle to vnode
 */
int
lfs_fhtovp(struct mount *mp, struct fid *fhp, int lktype, struct vnode **vpp)
{
	struct lfid lfh;
	struct lfs *fs;

	if (fhp->fid_len != sizeof(struct lfid))
		return EINVAL;

	memcpy(&lfh, fhp, sizeof(lfh));
	if (lfh.lfid_ino < LFS_IFILE_INUM)
		return ESTALE;

	fs = VFSTOULFS(mp)->um_lfs;
	if (lfh.lfid_ident != lfs_sb_getident(fs))
		return ESTALE;

	if (lfh.lfid_ino >
	    ((lfs_dino_getsize(fs, VTOI(fs->lfs_ivnode)->i_din) >> lfs_sb_getbshift(fs)) -
	     lfs_sb_getcleansz(fs) - lfs_sb_getsegtabsz(fs)) * lfs_sb_getifpb(fs))
		return ESTALE;

	return (ulfs_fhtovp(mp, &lfh.lfid_ufid, lktype, vpp));
}

/*
 * Vnode pointer to File handle
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
int
lfs_vptofh(struct vnode *vp, struct fid *fhp, size_t *fh_size)
{
	struct inode *ip;
	struct lfid lfh;

	if (*fh_size < sizeof(struct lfid)) {
		*fh_size = sizeof(struct lfid);
		return E2BIG;
	}
	*fh_size = sizeof(struct lfid);
	ip = VTOI(vp);
	memset(&lfh, 0, sizeof(lfh));
	lfh.lfid_len = sizeof(struct lfid);
	lfh.lfid_ino = ip->i_number;
	lfh.lfid_gen = ip->i_gen;
	lfh.lfid_ident = lfs_sb_getident(ip->i_lfs);
	memcpy(fhp, &lfh, sizeof(lfh));
	return (0);
}

/*
 * ulfs_bmaparray callback function for writing.
 *
 * Since blocks will be written to the new segment anyway,
 * we don't care about current daddr of them.
 */
static bool
lfs_issequential_hole(const struct lfs *fs,
    daddr_t daddr0, daddr_t daddr1)
{
	(void)fs; /* not used */

	KASSERT(daddr0 == UNWRITTEN ||
	    (0 <= daddr0 && daddr0 <= LFS_MAX_DADDR(fs)));
	KASSERT(daddr1 == UNWRITTEN ||
	    (0 <= daddr1 && daddr1 <= LFS_MAX_DADDR(fs)));

	/* NOTE: all we want to know here is 'hole or not'. */
	/* NOTE: UNASSIGNED is converted to 0 by ulfs_bmaparray. */

	/*
	 * treat UNWRITTENs and all resident blocks as 'contiguous'
	 */
	if (daddr0 != 0 && daddr1 != 0)
		return true;

	/*
	 * both are in hole?
	 */
	if (daddr0 == 0 && daddr1 == 0)
		return true; /* all holes are 'contiguous' for us. */

	return false;
}

/*
 * lfs_gop_write functions exactly like genfs_gop_write, except that
 * (1) it requires the seglock to be held by its caller, and sp->fip
 *     to be properly initialized (it will return without re-initializing
 *     sp->fip, and without calling lfs_writeseg).
 * (2) it uses the remaining space in the segment, rather than VOP_BMAP,
 *     to determine how large a block it can write at once (though it does
 *     still use VOP_BMAP to find holes in the file);
 * (3) it calls lfs_gatherblock instead of VOP_STRATEGY on its blocks
 *     (leaving lfs_writeseg to deal with the cluster blocks, so we might
 *     now have clusters of clusters, ick.)
 */
static int
lfs_gop_write(struct vnode *vp, struct vm_page **pgs, int npages,
    int flags)
{
	int i, error, run, haveeof = 0;
	int fs_bshift;
	vaddr_t kva;
	off_t eof, offset, startoffset = 0;
	size_t bytes, iobytes, skipbytes;
	bool async = (flags & PGO_SYNCIO) == 0;
	daddr_t lbn, blkno;
	struct vm_page *pg;
	struct buf *mbp, *bp;
	struct vnode *devvp = VTOI(vp)->i_devvp;
	struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
	struct lfs *fs = ip->i_lfs;
	struct segment *sp = fs->lfs_sp;
	SEGSUM *ssp;
	UVMHIST_FUNC("lfs_gop_write"); UVMHIST_CALLED(ubchist);
	const char * failreason = NULL;

	ASSERT_SEGLOCK(fs);

	/* The Ifile lives in the buffer cache */
	KASSERT(vp != fs->lfs_ivnode);

	/*
	 * We don't want to fill the disk before the cleaner has a chance
	 * to make room for us.  If we're in danger of doing that, fail
	 * with EAGAIN.  The caller will have to notice this, unlock
	 * so the cleaner can run, relock and try again.
	 *
	 * We must write everything, however, if our vnode is being
	 * reclaimed.
	 */
	mutex_enter(vp->v_interlock);
	if (LFS_STARVED_FOR_SEGS(fs) && vdead_check(vp, VDEAD_NOWAIT) == 0) {
		mutex_exit(vp->v_interlock);
		failreason = "Starved for segs and not flushing vp";
 		goto tryagain;
	}
	mutex_exit(vp->v_interlock);

	/*
	 * Sometimes things slip past the filters in lfs_putpages,
	 * and the pagedaemon tries to write pages---problem is
	 * that the pagedaemon never acquires the segment lock.
	 *
	 * Alternatively, pages that were clean when we called
	 * genfs_putpages may have become dirty in the meantime.  In this
	 * case the segment header is not properly set up for blocks
	 * to be added to it.
	 *
	 * Unbusy and unclean the pages, and put them on the ACTIVE
	 * queue under the hypothesis that they couldn't have got here
	 * unless they were modified *quite* recently.
	 *
	 * XXXUBC that last statement is an oversimplification of course.
	 */
	if (!LFS_SEGLOCK_HELD(fs)) {
		failreason = "Seglock not held";
		goto tryagain;
	}
	if (ip->i_lfs_iflags & LFSI_NO_GOP_WRITE) {
		failreason = "Inode with no_gop_write";
		goto tryagain;
	}
	if ((pgs[0]->offset & lfs_sb_getbmask(fs)) != 0) {
		failreason = "Bad page offset";
		goto tryagain;
	}

	UVMHIST_LOG(ubchist, "vp %#jx pgs %#jx npages %jd flags 0x%jx",
	    (uintptr_t)vp, (uintptr_t)pgs, npages, flags);

	GOP_SIZE(vp, vp->v_size, &eof, 0);
	haveeof = 1;

	if (vp->v_type == VREG)
		fs_bshift = vp->v_mount->mnt_fs_bshift;
	else
		fs_bshift = DEV_BSHIFT;
	error = 0;
	pg = pgs[0];
	startoffset = pg->offset;
	KASSERT(eof >= 0);

	if (startoffset >= eof) {
		failreason = "Offset beyond EOF";
		goto tryagain;
	} else
		bytes = MIN(npages << PAGE_SHIFT, eof - startoffset);
	skipbytes = 0;

	KASSERT(bytes != 0);

	/* Swap PG_DELWRI for PG_PAGEOUT */
	for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
		if (pgs[i]->flags & PG_DELWRI) {
			KASSERT(!(pgs[i]->flags & PG_PAGEOUT));
			pgs[i]->flags &= ~PG_DELWRI;
			pgs[i]->flags |= PG_PAGEOUT;
			uvm_pageout_start(1);
			rw_enter(vp->v_uobj.vmobjlock, RW_WRITER);
			uvm_pagelock(pgs[i]);
			uvm_pageunwire(pgs[i]);
			uvm_pageunlock(pgs[i]);
			rw_exit(vp->v_uobj.vmobjlock);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Check to make sure we're starting on a block boundary.
	 * We'll check later to make sure we always write entire
	 * blocks (or fragments).
	 */
	if (startoffset & lfs_sb_getbmask(fs))
		printf("%" PRId64 " & %" PRIu64 " = %" PRId64 "\n",
		       startoffset, lfs_sb_getbmask(fs),
		       startoffset & lfs_sb_getbmask(fs));
	KASSERT((startoffset & lfs_sb_getbmask(fs)) == 0);
	if (bytes & lfs_sb_getffmask(fs)) {
		printf("lfs_gop_write: asked to write %ld bytes\n", (long)bytes);
		panic("lfs_gop_write: non-integer blocks");
	}

	/*
	 * We could deadlock here on pager_map with UVMPAGER_MAPIN_WAITOK.
	 * If we would, write what we have and try again.  If we don't
	 * have anything to write, we'll have to sleep.
	 */
	ssp = (SEGSUM *)sp->segsum;
	if ((kva = uvm_pagermapin(pgs, npages, UVMPAGER_MAPIN_WRITE |
				      (lfs_ss_getnfinfo(fs, ssp) < 1 ?
				       UVMPAGER_MAPIN_WAITOK : 0))) == 0x0) {
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "lfs_gop_write: forcing write\n"));
#if 0
		      " with nfinfo=%d at offset 0x%jx\n",
		      (int)lfs_ss_getnfinfo(fs, ssp),
		      (uintmax_t)lfs_sb_getoffset(fs)));
#endif
		lfs_updatemeta(sp);
		lfs_release_finfo(fs);
		(void) lfs_writeseg(fs, sp);

		lfs_acquire_finfo(fs, ip->i_number, ip->i_gen);

		/*
		 * Having given up all of the pager_map we were holding,
		 * we can now wait for aiodoned to reclaim it for us
		 * without fear of deadlock.
		 */
		kva = uvm_pagermapin(pgs, npages, UVMPAGER_MAPIN_WRITE |
				     UVMPAGER_MAPIN_WAITOK);
	}

	mbp = getiobuf(NULL, true);
	UVMHIST_LOG(ubchist, "vp %#jx mbp %#jx num now %jd bytes 0x%jx",
	    (uintptr_t)vp, (uintptr_t)mbp, vp->v_numoutput, bytes);
	mbp->b_bufsize = npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
	mbp->b_data = (void *)kva;
	mbp->b_resid = mbp->b_bcount = bytes;
	mbp->b_cflags |= BC_BUSY|BC_AGE;
	mbp->b_iodone = uvm_aio_aiodone;

	bp = NULL;
	for (offset = startoffset;
	    bytes > 0;
	    offset += iobytes, bytes -= iobytes) {
		lbn = offset >> fs_bshift;
		error = ulfs_bmaparray(vp, lbn, &blkno, NULL, NULL, &run,
		    lfs_issequential_hole);
		if (error) {
			UVMHIST_LOG(ubchist, "ulfs_bmaparray() -> %jd",
			    error,0,0,0);
			skipbytes += bytes;
			bytes = 0;
			break;
		}

		iobytes = MIN((((off_t)lbn + 1 + run) << fs_bshift) - offset,
		    bytes);
		if (blkno == (daddr_t)-1) {
			skipbytes += iobytes;
			continue;
		}

		/*
		 * Discover how much we can really pack into this buffer.
		 */
		/* If no room in the current segment, finish it up */
		if (sp->sum_bytes_left < sizeof(int32_t) ||
		    sp->seg_bytes_left < (1 << lfs_sb_getbshift(fs))) {
			int vers;

			lfs_updatemeta(sp);
			vers = lfs_fi_getversion(fs, sp->fip);
			lfs_release_finfo(fs);
			(void) lfs_writeseg(fs, sp);

			lfs_acquire_finfo(fs, ip->i_number, vers);
		}
		/* Check both for space in segment and space in segsum */
		iobytes = MIN(iobytes, (sp->seg_bytes_left >> fs_bshift)
					<< fs_bshift);
		iobytes = MIN(iobytes, (sp->sum_bytes_left / sizeof(int32_t))
				       << fs_bshift);
		KASSERT(iobytes > 0);

		/* if it's really one i/o, don't make a second buf */
		if (offset == startoffset && iobytes == bytes) {
			bp = mbp;
			/*
			 * All the LFS output is done by the segwriter.  It
			 * will increment numoutput by one for all the bufs it
			 * receives.  However this buffer needs one extra to
			 * account for aiodone.
			 */
			mutex_enter(vp->v_interlock);
			vp->v_numoutput++;
			mutex_exit(vp->v_interlock);
		} else {
			bp = getiobuf(NULL, true);
			UVMHIST_LOG(ubchist, "vp %#jx bp %#jx num now %jd",
			    (uintptr_t)vp, (uintptr_t)bp, vp->v_numoutput, 0);
			nestiobuf_setup(mbp, bp, offset - pg->offset, iobytes);
			/*
			 * LFS doesn't like async I/O here, dies with
			 * an assert in lfs_bwrite().  Is that assert
			 * valid?  I retained non-async behaviour when
			 * converted this to use nestiobuf --pooka
			 */
			bp->b_flags &= ~B_ASYNC;
		}

		/* XXX This is silly ... is this necessary? */
		mutex_enter(&bufcache_lock);
		mutex_enter(vp->v_interlock);
		bgetvp(vp, bp);
		mutex_exit(vp->v_interlock);
		mutex_exit(&bufcache_lock);

		bp->b_lblkno = lfs_lblkno(fs, offset);
		bp->b_private = mbp;
		if (devvp->v_type == VBLK) {
			bp->b_dev = devvp->v_rdev;
		}
		VOP_BWRITE(bp->b_vp, bp);
		while (lfs_gatherblock(sp, bp, NULL))
			continue;
	}

	nestiobuf_done(mbp, skipbytes, error);
	if (skipbytes) {
		UVMHIST_LOG(ubchist, "skipbytes %jd", skipbytes, 0,0,0);
	}
	UVMHIST_LOG(ubchist, "returning 0", 0,0,0,0);

	if (!async) {
		/* Start a segment write. */
		UVMHIST_LOG(ubchist, "flushing", 0,0,0,0);
		mutex_enter(&lfs_lock);
		lfs_flush(fs, 0, 1);
		mutex_exit(&lfs_lock);
	}

	if ((sp->seg_flags & SEGM_SINGLE) && lfs_sb_getcurseg(fs) != fs->lfs_startseg)
		return EAGAIN;

	return (0);

    tryagain:
	/*
	 * We can't write the pages, for whatever reason.
	 * Clean up after ourselves, and make the caller try again.
	 */

	/* Tell why we're here, if we know */
	if (failreason != NULL) {
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "lfs_gop_write: %s\n", failreason));
	}
	if (haveeof && startoffset >= eof) {
 		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "lfs_gop_write: ino %d start 0x%" PRIx64
 		      " eof 0x%" PRIx64 " npages=%d\n", VTOI(vp)->i_number,
 		      pgs[0]->offset, eof, npages));
	}

	rw_enter(vp->v_uobj.vmobjlock, RW_WRITER);
	for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
		pg = pgs[i];

		if (pg->flags & PG_PAGEOUT)
			uvm_pageout_done(1);
		uvm_pagelock(pg);
		if (pg->flags & PG_DELWRI) {
			uvm_pageunwire(pg);
		}
		uvm_pageactivate(pg);
		uvm_pageunlock(pg);
		pg->flags &= ~(PG_DELWRI|PG_PAGEOUT|PG_RELEASED);
		uvm_pagemarkdirty(pg, UVM_PAGE_STATUS_DIRTY);
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "pg[%d] = %p (vp %p off %" PRIx64 ")\n", i, pg,
			vp, pg->offset));
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "pg[%d]->flags = %x\n", i, pg->flags));
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "pg[%d]->pqflags = %x\n", i, pg->pqflags));
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "pg[%d]->uanon = %p\n", i, pg->uanon));
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "pg[%d]->uobject = %p\n", i, pg->uobject));
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "pg[%d]->wire_count = %d\n", i,
		      pg->wire_count));
		DLOG((DLOG_PAGE, "pg[%d]->loan_count = %d\n", i,
		      pg->loan_count));
	}
	uvm_page_unbusy(pgs, npages);
	rw_exit(vp->v_uobj.vmobjlock);
	return EAGAIN;
}

/*
 * finish vnode/inode initialization.
 * used by lfs_vget.
 */
void
lfs_vinit(struct mount *mp, struct vnode **vpp)
{
	struct vnode *vp = *vpp;
	struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
	struct ulfsmount *ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	struct lfs *fs = ump->um_lfs;
	int i;

	ip->i_mode = lfs_dino_getmode(fs, ip->i_din);
	ip->i_nlink = lfs_dino_getnlink(fs, ip->i_din);
	ip->i_lfs_osize = ip->i_size = lfs_dino_getsize(fs, ip->i_din);
	ip->i_flags = lfs_dino_getflags(fs, ip->i_din);
	ip->i_gen = lfs_dino_getgen(fs, ip->i_din);
	ip->i_uid = lfs_dino_getuid(fs, ip->i_din);
	ip->i_gid = lfs_dino_getgid(fs, ip->i_din);

	ip->i_lfs_effnblks = lfs_dino_getblocks(fs, ip->i_din);
	ip->i_lfs_odnlink = lfs_dino_getnlink(fs, ip->i_din);

	/*
	 * Initialize the vnode from the inode, check for aliases.  In all
	 * cases re-init ip, the underlying vnode/inode may have changed.
	 */
	ulfs_vinit(mp, lfs_specop_p, lfs_fifoop_p, &vp);
	ip = VTOI(vp);

	memset(ip->i_lfs_fragsize, 0, ULFS_NDADDR * sizeof(*ip->i_lfs_fragsize));
	if (vp->v_type != VLNK || ip->i_size >= ip->i_lfs->um_maxsymlinklen) {
#ifdef DEBUG
		for (i = (ip->i_size + lfs_sb_getbsize(fs) - 1) >> lfs_sb_getbshift(fs);
		    i < ULFS_NDADDR; i++) {
			if ((vp->v_type == VBLK || vp->v_type == VCHR) &&
			    i == 0)
				continue;
			if (lfs_dino_getdb(fs, ip->i_din, i) != 0) {
				lfs_dump_dinode(fs, ip->i_din);
				panic("inconsistent inode (direct)");
			}
		}
		for ( ; i < ULFS_NDADDR + ULFS_NIADDR; i++) {
			if (lfs_dino_getib(fs, ip->i_din, i - ULFS_NDADDR) != 0) {
				lfs_dump_dinode(fs, ip->i_din);
				panic("inconsistent inode (indirect)");
			}
		}
#endif /* DEBUG */
		for (i = 0; i < ULFS_NDADDR; i++)
			if (lfs_dino_getdb(fs, ip->i_din, i) != 0)
				ip->i_lfs_fragsize[i] = lfs_blksize(fs, ip, i);
	}

	KASSERTMSG((vp->v_type != VNON),
	    "lfs_vinit: ino %llu is type VNON! (ifmt=%o)\n",
	    (unsigned long long)ip->i_number,
	    (ip->i_mode & LFS_IFMT) >> 12);

	/*
	 * Finish inode initialization now that aliasing has been resolved.
	 */

	ip->i_devvp = fs->lfs_devvp;
	vref(ip->i_devvp);
#if defined(LFS_QUOTA) || defined(LFS_QUOTA2)
	ulfsquota_init(ip);
#endif
	genfs_node_init(vp, &lfs_genfsops);
	uvm_vnp_setsize(vp, ip->i_size);

	/* Initialize hiblk from file size */
	ip->i_lfs_hiblk = lfs_lblkno(ip->i_lfs, ip->i_size + lfs_sb_getbsize(ip->i_lfs) - 1) - 1;

	*vpp = vp;
}

/*
 * Resize the filesystem to contain the specified number of segments.
 */
int
lfs_resize_fs(struct lfs *fs, int newnsegs)
{
	SEGUSE *sup;
	CLEANERINFO *cip;
	struct buf *bp, *obp;
	daddr_t olast, nlast, ilast, noff, start, end;
	struct vnode *ivp;
	struct inode *ip;
	int error, badnews, inc, oldnsegs;
	int sbbytes, csbbytes, gain, cgain;
	int i;

	/* Only support v2 and up */
	if (lfs_sb_getversion(fs) < 2)
		return EOPNOTSUPP;

	/* If we're doing nothing, do it fast */
	oldnsegs = lfs_sb_getnseg(fs);
	if (newnsegs == oldnsegs)
		return 0;

	/* We always have to have two superblocks */
	if (newnsegs <= lfs_dtosn(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, 1)))
		/* XXX this error code is rather nonsense */
		return EFBIG;

	ivp = fs->lfs_ivnode;
	ip = VTOI(ivp);
	error = 0;

	/* Take the segment lock so no one else calls lfs_newseg() */
	lfs_seglock(fs, SEGM_PROT);

	/*
	 * Make sure the segments we're going to be losing, if any,
	 * are in fact empty.  We hold the seglock, so their status
	 * cannot change underneath us.  Count the superblocks we lose,
	 * while we're at it.
	 */
	sbbytes = csbbytes = 0;
	cgain = 0;
	for (i = newnsegs; i < oldnsegs; i++) {
		LFS_SEGENTRY(sup, fs, i, bp);
		badnews = sup->su_nbytes || !(sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_INVAL);
		if (sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_SUPERBLOCK)
			sbbytes += LFS_SBPAD;
		if (!(sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_DIRTY)) {
			++cgain;
			if (sup->su_flags & SEGUSE_SUPERBLOCK)
				csbbytes += LFS_SBPAD;
		}
		brelse(bp, 0);
		if (badnews) {
			error = EBUSY;
			goto out;
		}
	}

	/* Note old and new segment table endpoints, and old ifile size */
	olast = lfs_sb_getcleansz(fs) + lfs_sb_getsegtabsz(fs);
	nlast = howmany(newnsegs, lfs_sb_getsepb(fs)) + lfs_sb_getcleansz(fs);
	ilast = ivp->v_size >> lfs_sb_getbshift(fs);
	noff = nlast - olast;

	/*
	 * Make sure no one can use the Ifile while we change it around.
	 * Even after taking the iflock we need to make sure no one still
	 * is holding Ifile buffers, so we get each one, to drain them.
	 * (XXX this could be done better.)
	 */
	rw_enter(&fs->lfs_iflock, RW_WRITER);
	for (i = 0; i < ilast; i++) {
		/* XXX what to do if bread fails? */
		bread(ivp, i, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs), 0, &bp);
		brelse(bp, 0);
	}

	/* Allocate new Ifile blocks */
	for (i = ilast; i < ilast + noff; i++) {
		if (lfs_balloc(ivp, i * lfs_sb_getbsize(fs), lfs_sb_getbsize(fs), NOCRED, 0,
			       &bp) != 0)
			panic("balloc extending ifile");
		memset(bp->b_data, 0, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs));
		VOP_BWRITE(bp->b_vp, bp);
	}

	/* Register new ifile size */
	ip->i_size += noff * lfs_sb_getbsize(fs);
	lfs_dino_setsize(fs, ip->i_din, ip->i_size);
	uvm_vnp_setsize(ivp, ip->i_size);

	/* Copy the inode table to its new position */
	if (noff != 0) {
		if (noff < 0) {
			start = nlast;
			end = ilast + noff;
			inc = 1;
		} else {
			start = ilast + noff - 1;
			end = nlast - 1;
			inc = -1;
		}
		for (i = start; i != end; i += inc) {
			if (bread(ivp, i, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs),
			    B_MODIFY, &bp) != 0)
				panic("resize: bread dst blk failed");
			if (bread(ivp, i - noff, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs),
			    0, &obp))
				panic("resize: bread src blk failed");
			memcpy(bp->b_data, obp->b_data, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs));
			VOP_BWRITE(bp->b_vp, bp);
			brelse(obp, 0);
		}
	}

	/* If we are expanding, write the new empty SEGUSE entries */
	if (newnsegs > oldnsegs) {
		for (i = oldnsegs; i < newnsegs; i++) {
			if ((error = bread(ivp, i / lfs_sb_getsepb(fs) +
					   lfs_sb_getcleansz(fs), lfs_sb_getbsize(fs),
					   B_MODIFY, &bp)) != 0)
				panic("lfs: ifile read: %d", error);
			while ((i + 1) % lfs_sb_getsepb(fs) && i < newnsegs) {
				sup = &((SEGUSE *)bp->b_data)[i % lfs_sb_getsepb(fs)];
				memset(sup, 0, sizeof(*sup));
				i++;
			}
			VOP_BWRITE(bp->b_vp, bp);
		}
	}

	/* Zero out unused superblock offsets */
	for (i = 2; i < LFS_MAXNUMSB; i++)
		if (lfs_dtosn(fs, lfs_sb_getsboff(fs, i)) >= newnsegs)
			lfs_sb_setsboff(fs, i, 0x0);

	/*
	 * Correct superblock entries that depend on fs size.
	 * The computations of these are as follows:
	 *
	 * size  = lfs_segtod(fs, nseg)
	 * dsize = lfs_segtod(fs, nseg - minfreeseg) - lfs_btofsb(#super * LFS_SBPAD)
	 * bfree = dsize - lfs_btofsb(fs, bsize * nseg / 2) - blocks_actually_used
	 * avail = lfs_segtod(fs, nclean) - lfs_btofsb(#clean_super * LFS_SBPAD)
	 *         + (lfs_segtod(fs, 1) - (offset - curseg))
	 *	   - lfs_segtod(fs, minfreeseg - (minfreeseg / 2))
	 *
	 * XXX - we should probably adjust minfreeseg as well.
	 */
	gain = (newnsegs - oldnsegs);
	lfs_sb_setnseg(fs, newnsegs);
	lfs_sb_setsegtabsz(fs, nlast - lfs_sb_getcleansz(fs));
	lfs_sb_addsize(fs, gain * lfs_btofsb(fs, lfs_sb_getssize(fs)));
	lfs_sb_adddsize(fs, gain * lfs_btofsb(fs, lfs_sb_getssize(fs)) - lfs_btofsb(fs, sbbytes));
	lfs_sb_addbfree(fs, gain * lfs_btofsb(fs, lfs_sb_getssize(fs)) - lfs_btofsb(fs, sbbytes)
		       - gain * lfs_btofsb(fs, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs) / 2));
	if (gain > 0) {
		lfs_sb_addnclean(fs, gain);
		lfs_sb_addavail(fs, gain * lfs_btofsb(fs, lfs_sb_getssize(fs)));
	} else {
		lfs_sb_subnclean(fs, cgain);
		lfs_sb_subavail(fs, cgain * lfs_btofsb(fs, lfs_sb_getssize(fs)) -
				 lfs_btofsb(fs, csbbytes));
	}

	/* Resize segment flag cache */
	fs->lfs_suflags[0] = realloc(fs->lfs_suflags[0],
	    lfs_sb_getnseg(fs) * sizeof(u_int32_t), M_SEGMENT, M_WAITOK);
	fs->lfs_suflags[1] = realloc(fs->lfs_suflags[1],
	    lfs_sb_getnseg(fs) * sizeof(u_int32_t), M_SEGMENT, M_WAITOK);
	for (i = oldnsegs; i < newnsegs; i++)
		fs->lfs_suflags[0][i] = fs->lfs_suflags[1][i] = 0x0;

	/* Truncate Ifile if necessary */
	if (noff < 0)
		lfs_truncate(ivp, ivp->v_size + (noff << lfs_sb_getbshift(fs)), 0,
		    NOCRED);

	/* Update cleaner info so the cleaner can die */
	/* XXX what to do if bread fails? */
	bread(ivp, 0, lfs_sb_getbsize(fs), B_MODIFY, &bp);
	cip = bp->b_data;
	lfs_ci_setclean(fs, cip, lfs_sb_getnclean(fs));
	lfs_ci_setdirty(fs, cip, lfs_sb_getnseg(fs) - lfs_sb_getnclean(fs));
	VOP_BWRITE(bp->b_vp, bp);

	/* Let Ifile accesses proceed */
	rw_exit(&fs->lfs_iflock);

    out:
	lfs_segunlock(fs);
	return error;
}

/*
 * Extended attribute dispatch
 */
int
lfs_extattrctl(struct mount *mp, int cmd, struct vnode *vp,
	       int attrnamespace, const char *attrname)
{
#ifdef LFS_EXTATTR
	struct ulfsmount *ump;

	ump = VFSTOULFS(mp);
	if (ump->um_fstype == ULFS1) {
		return ulfs_extattrctl(mp, cmd, vp, attrnamespace, attrname);
	}
#endif
	return vfs_stdextattrctl(mp, cmd, vp, attrnamespace, attrname);
}