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queries.c revision 1.13
      1  1.13  rillig /*	$NetBSD: queries.c,v 1.13 2023/05/13 20:55:44 rillig Exp $	*/
      2   1.1  rillig # 3 "queries.c"
      3   1.1  rillig 
      4   1.1  rillig /*
      5   1.1  rillig  * Demonstrate the case-by-case queries.  Unlike warnings, queries do not
      6   1.1  rillig  * point to questionable code but rather to code that may be interesting to
      7   1.1  rillig  * inspect manually on a case-by-case basis.
      8   1.1  rillig  *
      9   1.1  rillig  * Possible use cases are:
     10   1.1  rillig  *
     11   1.1  rillig  *	Understanding how C works internally, by making the usual arithmetic
     12   1.1  rillig  *	conversions visible.
     13   1.1  rillig  *
     14   1.1  rillig  * 	Finding code that intentionally suppresses a regular lint warning,
     15   1.1  rillig  * 	such as casts between arithmetic types.
     16   1.1  rillig  */
     17   1.1  rillig 
     18  1.13  rillig /* lint1-extra-flags: -q 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 -X 351 */
     19   1.1  rillig 
     20   1.2  rillig typedef unsigned char u8_t;
     21   1.2  rillig typedef unsigned short u16_t;
     22   1.2  rillig typedef unsigned int u32_t;
     23   1.2  rillig typedef unsigned long long u64_t;
     24   1.2  rillig typedef signed char s8_t;
     25   1.2  rillig typedef signed short s16_t;
     26   1.2  rillig typedef signed int s32_t;
     27   1.2  rillig typedef signed long long s64_t;
     28   1.2  rillig 
     29   1.2  rillig typedef float f32_t;
     30   1.2  rillig typedef double f64_t;
     31   1.2  rillig typedef float _Complex c32_t;
     32   1.2  rillig typedef double _Complex c64_t;
     33   1.2  rillig 
     34   1.3  rillig typedef char *str_t;
     35   1.3  rillig typedef const char *cstr_t;
     36   1.3  rillig typedef volatile char *vstr_t;
     37   1.3  rillig 
     38   1.3  rillig _Bool cond;
     39   1.3  rillig 
     40   1.2  rillig u8_t u8;
     41   1.2  rillig u16_t u16;
     42   1.2  rillig u32_t u32;
     43   1.2  rillig u64_t u64;
     44   1.2  rillig 
     45   1.2  rillig s8_t s8;
     46   1.2  rillig s16_t s16;
     47   1.2  rillig s32_t s32;
     48   1.2  rillig s64_t s64;
     49   1.2  rillig 
     50   1.2  rillig struct {
     51   1.2  rillig 	unsigned u8:8;
     52   1.2  rillig 	unsigned u9:9;
     53   1.2  rillig 	unsigned u10:10;
     54   1.2  rillig 	unsigned u32:32;
     55   1.2  rillig 	int s8:8;
     56   1.2  rillig 	int s9:9;
     57   1.2  rillig 	int s10:10;
     58   1.2  rillig 	int s32:32;
     59   1.2  rillig } bits;
     60   1.2  rillig 
     61   1.2  rillig f32_t f32;
     62   1.2  rillig f64_t f64;
     63   1.2  rillig 
     64   1.2  rillig c32_t c32;
     65   1.2  rillig c64_t c64;
     66   1.2  rillig 
     67   1.2  rillig char *str;
     68   1.2  rillig const char *cstr;
     69   1.3  rillig volatile char *vstr;
     70   1.2  rillig 
     71   1.1  rillig int
     72   1.1  rillig Q1(double dbl)
     73   1.1  rillig {
     74   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: implicit conversion from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q1] */
     75   1.1  rillig 	return dbl;
     76   1.1  rillig }
     77   1.1  rillig 
     78   1.1  rillig int
     79   1.1  rillig Q2(double dbl)
     80   1.1  rillig {
     81   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: cast from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q2] */
     82   1.1  rillig 	return (int)dbl;
     83   1.1  rillig }
     84   1.1  rillig 
     85   1.1  rillig void
     86   1.1  rillig Q3(int i, unsigned u)
     87   1.1  rillig {
     88   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
     89   1.1  rillig 	u = i;
     90   1.1  rillig 
     91   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'unsigned int' to 'int' [Q3] */
     92   1.1  rillig 	i = u;
     93   1.1  rillig }
     94   1.1  rillig 
     95   1.1  rillig unsigned long long
     96   1.5  rillig Q4(signed char *ptr, int i, unsigned long long ull)
     97   1.1  rillig {
     98   1.7  rillig 
     99   1.8  rillig 	/*
    100   1.8  rillig 	 * For constants, the usual arithmetic conversions are usually not
    101   1.8  rillig 	 * interesting, so omit them.
    102   1.8  rillig 	 */
    103   1.7  rillig 	u32 = u32 & 0xff;
    104   1.8  rillig 	u32 &= 0xff;
    105   1.8  rillig 
    106   1.8  rillig 	/* expect+2: usual arithmetic conversion for '&' from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q4] */
    107   1.8  rillig 	/* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
    108   1.8  rillig 	u32 = u32 & s32;
    109   1.7  rillig 	/*
    110   1.7  rillig 	 * XXX: C99 5.6.16.2 says that the usual arithmetic conversions
    111   1.7  rillig 	 * happen for compound assignments as well.
    112   1.7  rillig 	 */
    113   1.8  rillig 	/* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
    114   1.8  rillig 	u32 &= s32;
    115   1.7  rillig 
    116   1.7  rillig 	/* expect+3: implicit conversion changes sign from 'unsigned char' to 'int' [Q3] */
    117   1.7  rillig 	/* expect+2: usual arithmetic conversion for '&' from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q4] */
    118   1.7  rillig 	/* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
    119   1.7  rillig 	u32 = u32 & u8;
    120   1.7  rillig 
    121   1.1  rillig 	/*
    122   1.5  rillig 	 * The conversion from 'signed char' to 'int' is done by the integer
    123   1.1  rillig 	 * promotions (C11 6.3.1.1p2), not by the usual arithmetic
    124   1.1  rillig 	 * conversions (C11 6.3.1.8p1).
    125   1.1  rillig 	 */
    126   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+2: usual arithmetic conversion for '+' from 'int' to 'unsigned long long' [Q4] */
    127   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned long long' [Q3] */
    128   1.1  rillig 	return ptr[0] + ptr[1] + i + ull;
    129   1.1  rillig }
    130   1.1  rillig 
    131   1.1  rillig void
    132   1.6  rillig Q5(signed char *ptr, int i)
    133   1.1  rillig {
    134   1.1  rillig 	if (ptr + i > ptr)
    135   1.1  rillig 		return;
    136   1.1  rillig 
    137   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: pointer addition has integer on the left-hand side [Q5] */
    138   1.1  rillig 	if (i + ptr > ptr)
    139   1.1  rillig 		return;
    140   1.1  rillig 
    141   1.1  rillig 	if (ptr[i] != '\0')
    142   1.1  rillig 		return;
    143   1.1  rillig 
    144   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: pointer addition has integer on the left-hand side [Q5] */
    145   1.1  rillig 	if (i[ptr] != '\0')
    146   1.1  rillig 		return;
    147   1.1  rillig }
    148   1.1  rillig 
    149   1.1  rillig void
    150   1.1  rillig Q6(int i)
    151   1.1  rillig {
    152   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'int' to 'int' [Q6] */
    153   1.1  rillig 	i = (int)4;
    154   1.1  rillig 
    155   1.1  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'int' to 'int' [Q6] */
    156   1.1  rillig 	i = (int)i + 1;
    157   1.1  rillig }
    158   1.1  rillig 
    159   1.2  rillig extern void *allocate(void);
    160   1.1  rillig 
    161   1.2  rillig void
    162   1.1  rillig Q7(void)
    163   1.1  rillig {
    164   1.1  rillig 
    165   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from '_Bool' to '_Bool' [Q6] */
    166   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from '_Bool' to '_Bool' before assignment [Q7] */
    167   1.3  rillig 	cond = (_Bool)cond;
    168   1.3  rillig 	cond = (_Bool)u8;
    169   1.3  rillig 	u8 = (u8_t)cond;
    170   1.3  rillig 
    171   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned char' [Q6] */
    172   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned char' before assignment [Q7] */
    173   1.2  rillig 	u8 = (u8_t)u8;
    174   1.2  rillig 	u8 = (u8_t)u16;
    175   1.2  rillig 	u8 = (u16_t)u8;
    176   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'unsigned short' to 'unsigned short' [Q6] */
    177   1.2  rillig 	u8 = (u16_t)u16;
    178   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned char' [Q6] */
    179   1.2  rillig 	u16 = (u8_t)u8;
    180   1.2  rillig 	u16 = (u8_t)u16;
    181   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned short' before assignment [Q7] */
    182   1.2  rillig 	u16 = (u16_t)u8;
    183   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'unsigned short' to 'unsigned short' [Q6] */
    184   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned short' to 'unsigned short' before assignment [Q7] */
    185   1.2  rillig 	u16 = (u16_t)u16;
    186   1.2  rillig 
    187   1.2  rillig 	/* Mixing signed and unsigned types. */
    188   1.2  rillig 	u8 = (u8_t)s8;
    189   1.2  rillig 	s8 = (s8_t)u8;
    190   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'short' before assignment [Q7] */
    191   1.2  rillig 	s16 = (s16_t)u8;
    192   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'signed char' to 'short' before assignment [Q7] */
    193   1.2  rillig 	s16 = (s16_t)s8;
    194   1.2  rillig 
    195   1.2  rillig 
    196   1.2  rillig 	/*
    197   1.2  rillig 	 * Neither GCC nor Clang accept typeof(bit-field), as that would add
    198   1.2  rillig 	 * unnecessary complexity.  Lint accepts it but silently discards the
    199   1.4  rillig 	 * bit-field portion from the type; see dcs_add_type.
    200   1.2  rillig 	 */
    201   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned int' before assignment [Q7] */
    202   1.2  rillig 	bits.u9 = (typeof(bits.u9))u8;
    203   1.2  rillig 
    204   1.2  rillig 
    205   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
    206   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float' to 'float' before assignment [Q7] */
    207   1.2  rillig 	f32 = (f32_t)f32;
    208   1.2  rillig 	f32 = (f32_t)f64;
    209   1.2  rillig 	f32 = (f64_t)f32;
    210   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'double' to 'double' [Q6] */
    211   1.2  rillig 	f32 = (f64_t)f64;
    212   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
    213   1.2  rillig 	f64 = (f32_t)f32;
    214   1.2  rillig 	f64 = (f32_t)f64;
    215   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float' to 'double' before assignment [Q7] */
    216   1.2  rillig 	f64 = (f64_t)f32;
    217   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'double' to 'double' [Q6] */
    218   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'double' to 'double' before assignment [Q7] */
    219   1.2  rillig 	f64 = (f64_t)f64;
    220   1.2  rillig 
    221   1.2  rillig 
    222   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'float _Complex' to 'float _Complex' [Q6] */
    223   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float _Complex' to 'float _Complex' before assignment [Q7] */
    224   1.2  rillig 	c32 = (c32_t)c32;
    225   1.2  rillig 	c32 = (c32_t)c64;
    226   1.2  rillig 	c32 = (c64_t)c32;
    227   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'double _Complex' to 'double _Complex' [Q6] */
    228   1.2  rillig 	c32 = (c64_t)c64;
    229   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float _Complex' to 'float _Complex' [Q6] */
    230   1.2  rillig 	c64 = (c32_t)c32;
    231   1.2  rillig 	c64 = (c32_t)c64;
    232   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float _Complex' to 'double _Complex' before assignment [Q7] */
    233   1.2  rillig 	c64 = (c64_t)c32;
    234   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'double _Complex' to 'double _Complex' [Q6] */
    235   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'double _Complex' to 'double _Complex' before assignment [Q7] */
    236   1.2  rillig 	c64 = (c64_t)c64;
    237   1.2  rillig 
    238   1.1  rillig 
    239   1.3  rillig 	/* Mixing real and complex floating point types. */
    240   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
    241   1.3  rillig 	c32 = (f32_t)f32;
    242   1.3  rillig 	c32 = (c32_t)f32;
    243   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
    244   1.3  rillig 	c64 = (f32_t)f32;
    245   1.3  rillig 	c64 = (f64_t)f32;
    246   1.3  rillig 	c64 = (c32_t)f32;
    247   1.3  rillig 	c64 = (c64_t)f32;
    248   1.3  rillig 
    249   1.3  rillig 
    250   1.9  rillig 	/*
    251   1.9  rillig 	 * Converting a void pointer type to an object pointer type requires
    252   1.9  rillig 	 * an explicit cast in C++, as it is a narrowing conversion. In C,
    253   1.9  rillig 	 * that conversion is done implicitly.
    254   1.9  rillig 	 */
    255   1.9  rillig 
    256   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to void' to 'pointer to char' before assignment [Q7] */
    257   1.2  rillig 	str = (char *)allocate();
    258   1.2  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to void' to 'pointer to const char' before assignment [Q7] */
    259   1.2  rillig 	cstr = (const char *)allocate();
    260   1.2  rillig 	cstr = (char *)allocate();
    261   1.3  rillig 
    262   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
    263   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' before assignment [Q7] */
    264   1.3  rillig 	str = (str_t)str;
    265   1.3  rillig 	str = (str_t)cstr;
    266   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'const char' [128] */
    267   1.3  rillig 	str = (cstr_t)str;
    268   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to const char' to 'pointer to const char' [Q6] */
    269   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'const char' [128] */
    270   1.3  rillig 	str = (cstr_t)cstr;
    271   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
    272   1.3  rillig 	cstr = (str_t)str;
    273   1.3  rillig 	cstr = (str_t)cstr;
    274   1.3  rillig 	cstr = (cstr_t)str;
    275   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to const char' to 'pointer to const char' [Q6] */
    276   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to const char' to 'pointer to const char' before assignment [Q7] */
    277   1.3  rillig 	cstr = (cstr_t)cstr;
    278   1.3  rillig 
    279   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
    280   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' before assignment [Q7] */
    281   1.3  rillig 	str = (str_t)str;
    282   1.3  rillig 	str = (str_t)vstr;
    283   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'volatile char' [128] */
    284   1.3  rillig 	str = (vstr_t)str;
    285   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to volatile char' to 'pointer to volatile char' [Q6] */
    286   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'volatile char' [128] */
    287   1.3  rillig 	str = (vstr_t)vstr;
    288   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
    289   1.3  rillig 	vstr = (str_t)str;
    290   1.3  rillig 	vstr = (str_t)vstr;
    291   1.3  rillig 	vstr = (vstr_t)str;
    292   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to volatile char' to 'pointer to volatile char' [Q6] */
    293   1.3  rillig 	/* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to volatile char' to 'pointer to volatile char' before assignment [Q7] */
    294   1.3  rillig 	vstr = (vstr_t)vstr;
    295   1.1  rillig }
    296   1.1  rillig 
    297  1.11  rillig /*
    298  1.11  rillig  * Octal numbers were common in the 1970s, especially on 36-bit machines.
    299  1.11  rillig  * 50 years later, they are still used in numeric file permissions.
    300  1.11  rillig  */
    301  1.11  rillig void
    302  1.11  rillig Q8(void)
    303  1.11  rillig {
    304  1.11  rillig 
    305  1.11  rillig 	u16 = 0;
    306  1.11  rillig 	u16 = 000000;
    307  1.11  rillig 	/* expect+1: octal number '0644' [Q8] */
    308  1.11  rillig 	u16 = 0644;
    309  1.11  rillig 	/* expect+1: octal number '0000644' [Q8] */
    310  1.11  rillig 	u16 = 0000644;
    311  1.11  rillig }
    312   1.1  rillig 
    313  1.12  rillig int
    314  1.12  rillig Q9(int x)
    315  1.12  rillig {
    316  1.12  rillig 	switch (x) {
    317  1.12  rillig 	case 0:
    318  1.12  rillig 		return 0;
    319  1.12  rillig 	case 1:
    320  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+1: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
    321  1.12  rillig 		return (0);
    322  1.12  rillig 	case 2:
    323  1.12  rillig 		return +(0);
    324  1.12  rillig 	case 3:
    325  1.12  rillig 		return -(13);
    326  1.12  rillig 	case 4:
    327  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+1: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
    328  1.12  rillig 		return (0), (1);
    329  1.12  rillig 	case 5:
    330  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+1: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
    331  1.12  rillig 		return (0, 1);
    332  1.12  rillig 	case 6:
    333  1.12  rillig 		return 0, 1;
    334  1.12  rillig 	case 7:
    335  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+1: implicit conversion from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q1] */
    336  1.12  rillig 		return 0.0;
    337  1.12  rillig 	case 8:
    338  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+2: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
    339  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+1: implicit conversion from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q1] */
    340  1.12  rillig 		return (0.0);
    341  1.12  rillig 	case 9:
    342  1.12  rillig 		return
    343  1.12  rillig # 344 "queries.c" 3 4
    344  1.12  rillig 		((void *)0)
    345  1.12  rillig # 346 "queries.c"
    346  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+1: warning: illegal combination of integer 'int' and pointer 'pointer to void' [183] */
    347  1.12  rillig 		;
    348  1.12  rillig 	case 10:
    349  1.12  rillig 		/* expect+1: warning: illegal combination of integer 'int' and pointer 'pointer to void' [183] */
    350  1.12  rillig 		return (void *)(0);
    351  1.12  rillig 	default:
    352  1.12  rillig 		return 0;
    353  1.12  rillig 	}
    354  1.12  rillig }
    355  1.12  rillig 
    356  1.13  rillig void
    357  1.13  rillig Q10(void)
    358  1.13  rillig {
    359  1.13  rillig 	int a, b, c;
    360  1.13  rillig 
    361  1.13  rillig 	/* expect+2: chained assignment with '=' and '=' [Q10] */
    362  1.13  rillig 	/* expect+1: chained assignment with '=' and '=' [Q10] */
    363  1.13  rillig 	a = b = c = 0;
    364  1.13  rillig 
    365  1.13  rillig 	/* expect+2: chained assignment with '*=' and '-=' [Q10] */
    366  1.13  rillig 	/* expect+1: chained assignment with '+=' and '*=' [Q10] */
    367  1.13  rillig 	a += b *= c -= 0;
    368  1.13  rillig }
    369  1.13  rillig 
    370   1.1  rillig /*
    371   1.1  rillig  * Since queries do not affect the exit status, force a warning to make this
    372   1.1  rillig  * test conform to the general expectation that a test that produces output
    373   1.1  rillig  * exits non-successfully.
    374   1.1  rillig  */
    375   1.1  rillig /* expect+1: warning: static variable 'unused' unused [226] */
    376   1.1  rillig static int unused;
    377