queries.c revision 1.13 1 1.13 rillig /* $NetBSD: queries.c,v 1.13 2023/05/13 20:55:44 rillig Exp $ */
2 1.1 rillig # 3 "queries.c"
3 1.1 rillig
4 1.1 rillig /*
5 1.1 rillig * Demonstrate the case-by-case queries. Unlike warnings, queries do not
6 1.1 rillig * point to questionable code but rather to code that may be interesting to
7 1.1 rillig * inspect manually on a case-by-case basis.
8 1.1 rillig *
9 1.1 rillig * Possible use cases are:
10 1.1 rillig *
11 1.1 rillig * Understanding how C works internally, by making the usual arithmetic
12 1.1 rillig * conversions visible.
13 1.1 rillig *
14 1.1 rillig * Finding code that intentionally suppresses a regular lint warning,
15 1.1 rillig * such as casts between arithmetic types.
16 1.1 rillig */
17 1.1 rillig
18 1.13 rillig /* lint1-extra-flags: -q 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 -X 351 */
19 1.1 rillig
20 1.2 rillig typedef unsigned char u8_t;
21 1.2 rillig typedef unsigned short u16_t;
22 1.2 rillig typedef unsigned int u32_t;
23 1.2 rillig typedef unsigned long long u64_t;
24 1.2 rillig typedef signed char s8_t;
25 1.2 rillig typedef signed short s16_t;
26 1.2 rillig typedef signed int s32_t;
27 1.2 rillig typedef signed long long s64_t;
28 1.2 rillig
29 1.2 rillig typedef float f32_t;
30 1.2 rillig typedef double f64_t;
31 1.2 rillig typedef float _Complex c32_t;
32 1.2 rillig typedef double _Complex c64_t;
33 1.2 rillig
34 1.3 rillig typedef char *str_t;
35 1.3 rillig typedef const char *cstr_t;
36 1.3 rillig typedef volatile char *vstr_t;
37 1.3 rillig
38 1.3 rillig _Bool cond;
39 1.3 rillig
40 1.2 rillig u8_t u8;
41 1.2 rillig u16_t u16;
42 1.2 rillig u32_t u32;
43 1.2 rillig u64_t u64;
44 1.2 rillig
45 1.2 rillig s8_t s8;
46 1.2 rillig s16_t s16;
47 1.2 rillig s32_t s32;
48 1.2 rillig s64_t s64;
49 1.2 rillig
50 1.2 rillig struct {
51 1.2 rillig unsigned u8:8;
52 1.2 rillig unsigned u9:9;
53 1.2 rillig unsigned u10:10;
54 1.2 rillig unsigned u32:32;
55 1.2 rillig int s8:8;
56 1.2 rillig int s9:9;
57 1.2 rillig int s10:10;
58 1.2 rillig int s32:32;
59 1.2 rillig } bits;
60 1.2 rillig
61 1.2 rillig f32_t f32;
62 1.2 rillig f64_t f64;
63 1.2 rillig
64 1.2 rillig c32_t c32;
65 1.2 rillig c64_t c64;
66 1.2 rillig
67 1.2 rillig char *str;
68 1.2 rillig const char *cstr;
69 1.3 rillig volatile char *vstr;
70 1.2 rillig
71 1.1 rillig int
72 1.1 rillig Q1(double dbl)
73 1.1 rillig {
74 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q1] */
75 1.1 rillig return dbl;
76 1.1 rillig }
77 1.1 rillig
78 1.1 rillig int
79 1.1 rillig Q2(double dbl)
80 1.1 rillig {
81 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: cast from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q2] */
82 1.1 rillig return (int)dbl;
83 1.1 rillig }
84 1.1 rillig
85 1.1 rillig void
86 1.1 rillig Q3(int i, unsigned u)
87 1.1 rillig {
88 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
89 1.1 rillig u = i;
90 1.1 rillig
91 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'unsigned int' to 'int' [Q3] */
92 1.1 rillig i = u;
93 1.1 rillig }
94 1.1 rillig
95 1.1 rillig unsigned long long
96 1.5 rillig Q4(signed char *ptr, int i, unsigned long long ull)
97 1.1 rillig {
98 1.7 rillig
99 1.8 rillig /*
100 1.8 rillig * For constants, the usual arithmetic conversions are usually not
101 1.8 rillig * interesting, so omit them.
102 1.8 rillig */
103 1.7 rillig u32 = u32 & 0xff;
104 1.8 rillig u32 &= 0xff;
105 1.8 rillig
106 1.8 rillig /* expect+2: usual arithmetic conversion for '&' from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q4] */
107 1.8 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
108 1.8 rillig u32 = u32 & s32;
109 1.7 rillig /*
110 1.7 rillig * XXX: C99 5.6.16.2 says that the usual arithmetic conversions
111 1.7 rillig * happen for compound assignments as well.
112 1.7 rillig */
113 1.8 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
114 1.8 rillig u32 &= s32;
115 1.7 rillig
116 1.7 rillig /* expect+3: implicit conversion changes sign from 'unsigned char' to 'int' [Q3] */
117 1.7 rillig /* expect+2: usual arithmetic conversion for '&' from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q4] */
118 1.7 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned int' [Q3] */
119 1.7 rillig u32 = u32 & u8;
120 1.7 rillig
121 1.1 rillig /*
122 1.5 rillig * The conversion from 'signed char' to 'int' is done by the integer
123 1.1 rillig * promotions (C11 6.3.1.1p2), not by the usual arithmetic
124 1.1 rillig * conversions (C11 6.3.1.8p1).
125 1.1 rillig */
126 1.1 rillig /* expect+2: usual arithmetic conversion for '+' from 'int' to 'unsigned long long' [Q4] */
127 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion changes sign from 'int' to 'unsigned long long' [Q3] */
128 1.1 rillig return ptr[0] + ptr[1] + i + ull;
129 1.1 rillig }
130 1.1 rillig
131 1.1 rillig void
132 1.6 rillig Q5(signed char *ptr, int i)
133 1.1 rillig {
134 1.1 rillig if (ptr + i > ptr)
135 1.1 rillig return;
136 1.1 rillig
137 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: pointer addition has integer on the left-hand side [Q5] */
138 1.1 rillig if (i + ptr > ptr)
139 1.1 rillig return;
140 1.1 rillig
141 1.1 rillig if (ptr[i] != '\0')
142 1.1 rillig return;
143 1.1 rillig
144 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: pointer addition has integer on the left-hand side [Q5] */
145 1.1 rillig if (i[ptr] != '\0')
146 1.1 rillig return;
147 1.1 rillig }
148 1.1 rillig
149 1.1 rillig void
150 1.1 rillig Q6(int i)
151 1.1 rillig {
152 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'int' to 'int' [Q6] */
153 1.1 rillig i = (int)4;
154 1.1 rillig
155 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'int' to 'int' [Q6] */
156 1.1 rillig i = (int)i + 1;
157 1.1 rillig }
158 1.1 rillig
159 1.2 rillig extern void *allocate(void);
160 1.1 rillig
161 1.2 rillig void
162 1.1 rillig Q7(void)
163 1.1 rillig {
164 1.1 rillig
165 1.3 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from '_Bool' to '_Bool' [Q6] */
166 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from '_Bool' to '_Bool' before assignment [Q7] */
167 1.3 rillig cond = (_Bool)cond;
168 1.3 rillig cond = (_Bool)u8;
169 1.3 rillig u8 = (u8_t)cond;
170 1.3 rillig
171 1.2 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned char' [Q6] */
172 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned char' before assignment [Q7] */
173 1.2 rillig u8 = (u8_t)u8;
174 1.2 rillig u8 = (u8_t)u16;
175 1.2 rillig u8 = (u16_t)u8;
176 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'unsigned short' to 'unsigned short' [Q6] */
177 1.2 rillig u8 = (u16_t)u16;
178 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned char' [Q6] */
179 1.2 rillig u16 = (u8_t)u8;
180 1.2 rillig u16 = (u8_t)u16;
181 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned short' before assignment [Q7] */
182 1.2 rillig u16 = (u16_t)u8;
183 1.2 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'unsigned short' to 'unsigned short' [Q6] */
184 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned short' to 'unsigned short' before assignment [Q7] */
185 1.2 rillig u16 = (u16_t)u16;
186 1.2 rillig
187 1.2 rillig /* Mixing signed and unsigned types. */
188 1.2 rillig u8 = (u8_t)s8;
189 1.2 rillig s8 = (s8_t)u8;
190 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'short' before assignment [Q7] */
191 1.2 rillig s16 = (s16_t)u8;
192 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'signed char' to 'short' before assignment [Q7] */
193 1.2 rillig s16 = (s16_t)s8;
194 1.2 rillig
195 1.2 rillig
196 1.2 rillig /*
197 1.2 rillig * Neither GCC nor Clang accept typeof(bit-field), as that would add
198 1.2 rillig * unnecessary complexity. Lint accepts it but silently discards the
199 1.4 rillig * bit-field portion from the type; see dcs_add_type.
200 1.2 rillig */
201 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'unsigned char' to 'unsigned int' before assignment [Q7] */
202 1.2 rillig bits.u9 = (typeof(bits.u9))u8;
203 1.2 rillig
204 1.2 rillig
205 1.2 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
206 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float' to 'float' before assignment [Q7] */
207 1.2 rillig f32 = (f32_t)f32;
208 1.2 rillig f32 = (f32_t)f64;
209 1.2 rillig f32 = (f64_t)f32;
210 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'double' to 'double' [Q6] */
211 1.2 rillig f32 = (f64_t)f64;
212 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
213 1.2 rillig f64 = (f32_t)f32;
214 1.2 rillig f64 = (f32_t)f64;
215 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float' to 'double' before assignment [Q7] */
216 1.2 rillig f64 = (f64_t)f32;
217 1.2 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'double' to 'double' [Q6] */
218 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'double' to 'double' before assignment [Q7] */
219 1.2 rillig f64 = (f64_t)f64;
220 1.2 rillig
221 1.2 rillig
222 1.2 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'float _Complex' to 'float _Complex' [Q6] */
223 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float _Complex' to 'float _Complex' before assignment [Q7] */
224 1.2 rillig c32 = (c32_t)c32;
225 1.2 rillig c32 = (c32_t)c64;
226 1.2 rillig c32 = (c64_t)c32;
227 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'double _Complex' to 'double _Complex' [Q6] */
228 1.2 rillig c32 = (c64_t)c64;
229 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float _Complex' to 'float _Complex' [Q6] */
230 1.2 rillig c64 = (c32_t)c32;
231 1.2 rillig c64 = (c32_t)c64;
232 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'float _Complex' to 'double _Complex' before assignment [Q7] */
233 1.2 rillig c64 = (c64_t)c32;
234 1.2 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'double _Complex' to 'double _Complex' [Q6] */
235 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'double _Complex' to 'double _Complex' before assignment [Q7] */
236 1.2 rillig c64 = (c64_t)c64;
237 1.2 rillig
238 1.1 rillig
239 1.3 rillig /* Mixing real and complex floating point types. */
240 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
241 1.3 rillig c32 = (f32_t)f32;
242 1.3 rillig c32 = (c32_t)f32;
243 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'float' to 'float' [Q6] */
244 1.3 rillig c64 = (f32_t)f32;
245 1.3 rillig c64 = (f64_t)f32;
246 1.3 rillig c64 = (c32_t)f32;
247 1.3 rillig c64 = (c64_t)f32;
248 1.3 rillig
249 1.3 rillig
250 1.9 rillig /*
251 1.9 rillig * Converting a void pointer type to an object pointer type requires
252 1.9 rillig * an explicit cast in C++, as it is a narrowing conversion. In C,
253 1.9 rillig * that conversion is done implicitly.
254 1.9 rillig */
255 1.9 rillig
256 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to void' to 'pointer to char' before assignment [Q7] */
257 1.2 rillig str = (char *)allocate();
258 1.2 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to void' to 'pointer to const char' before assignment [Q7] */
259 1.2 rillig cstr = (const char *)allocate();
260 1.2 rillig cstr = (char *)allocate();
261 1.3 rillig
262 1.3 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
263 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' before assignment [Q7] */
264 1.3 rillig str = (str_t)str;
265 1.3 rillig str = (str_t)cstr;
266 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'const char' [128] */
267 1.3 rillig str = (cstr_t)str;
268 1.3 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to const char' to 'pointer to const char' [Q6] */
269 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'const char' [128] */
270 1.3 rillig str = (cstr_t)cstr;
271 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
272 1.3 rillig cstr = (str_t)str;
273 1.3 rillig cstr = (str_t)cstr;
274 1.3 rillig cstr = (cstr_t)str;
275 1.3 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to const char' to 'pointer to const char' [Q6] */
276 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to const char' to 'pointer to const char' before assignment [Q7] */
277 1.3 rillig cstr = (cstr_t)cstr;
278 1.3 rillig
279 1.3 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
280 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' before assignment [Q7] */
281 1.3 rillig str = (str_t)str;
282 1.3 rillig str = (str_t)vstr;
283 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'volatile char' [128] */
284 1.3 rillig str = (vstr_t)str;
285 1.3 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to volatile char' to 'pointer to volatile char' [Q6] */
286 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: warning: operands of '=' have incompatible pointer types to 'char' and 'volatile char' [128] */
287 1.3 rillig str = (vstr_t)vstr;
288 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: no-op cast from 'pointer to char' to 'pointer to char' [Q6] */
289 1.3 rillig vstr = (str_t)str;
290 1.3 rillig vstr = (str_t)vstr;
291 1.3 rillig vstr = (vstr_t)str;
292 1.3 rillig /* expect+2: no-op cast from 'pointer to volatile char' to 'pointer to volatile char' [Q6] */
293 1.3 rillig /* expect+1: redundant cast from 'pointer to volatile char' to 'pointer to volatile char' before assignment [Q7] */
294 1.3 rillig vstr = (vstr_t)vstr;
295 1.1 rillig }
296 1.1 rillig
297 1.11 rillig /*
298 1.11 rillig * Octal numbers were common in the 1970s, especially on 36-bit machines.
299 1.11 rillig * 50 years later, they are still used in numeric file permissions.
300 1.11 rillig */
301 1.11 rillig void
302 1.11 rillig Q8(void)
303 1.11 rillig {
304 1.11 rillig
305 1.11 rillig u16 = 0;
306 1.11 rillig u16 = 000000;
307 1.11 rillig /* expect+1: octal number '0644' [Q8] */
308 1.11 rillig u16 = 0644;
309 1.11 rillig /* expect+1: octal number '0000644' [Q8] */
310 1.11 rillig u16 = 0000644;
311 1.11 rillig }
312 1.1 rillig
313 1.12 rillig int
314 1.12 rillig Q9(int x)
315 1.12 rillig {
316 1.12 rillig switch (x) {
317 1.12 rillig case 0:
318 1.12 rillig return 0;
319 1.12 rillig case 1:
320 1.12 rillig /* expect+1: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
321 1.12 rillig return (0);
322 1.12 rillig case 2:
323 1.12 rillig return +(0);
324 1.12 rillig case 3:
325 1.12 rillig return -(13);
326 1.12 rillig case 4:
327 1.12 rillig /* expect+1: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
328 1.12 rillig return (0), (1);
329 1.12 rillig case 5:
330 1.12 rillig /* expect+1: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
331 1.12 rillig return (0, 1);
332 1.12 rillig case 6:
333 1.12 rillig return 0, 1;
334 1.12 rillig case 7:
335 1.12 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q1] */
336 1.12 rillig return 0.0;
337 1.12 rillig case 8:
338 1.12 rillig /* expect+2: parenthesized return value [Q9] */
339 1.12 rillig /* expect+1: implicit conversion from floating point 'double' to integer 'int' [Q1] */
340 1.12 rillig return (0.0);
341 1.12 rillig case 9:
342 1.12 rillig return
343 1.12 rillig # 344 "queries.c" 3 4
344 1.12 rillig ((void *)0)
345 1.12 rillig # 346 "queries.c"
346 1.12 rillig /* expect+1: warning: illegal combination of integer 'int' and pointer 'pointer to void' [183] */
347 1.12 rillig ;
348 1.12 rillig case 10:
349 1.12 rillig /* expect+1: warning: illegal combination of integer 'int' and pointer 'pointer to void' [183] */
350 1.12 rillig return (void *)(0);
351 1.12 rillig default:
352 1.12 rillig return 0;
353 1.12 rillig }
354 1.12 rillig }
355 1.12 rillig
356 1.13 rillig void
357 1.13 rillig Q10(void)
358 1.13 rillig {
359 1.13 rillig int a, b, c;
360 1.13 rillig
361 1.13 rillig /* expect+2: chained assignment with '=' and '=' [Q10] */
362 1.13 rillig /* expect+1: chained assignment with '=' and '=' [Q10] */
363 1.13 rillig a = b = c = 0;
364 1.13 rillig
365 1.13 rillig /* expect+2: chained assignment with '*=' and '-=' [Q10] */
366 1.13 rillig /* expect+1: chained assignment with '+=' and '*=' [Q10] */
367 1.13 rillig a += b *= c -= 0;
368 1.13 rillig }
369 1.13 rillig
370 1.1 rillig /*
371 1.1 rillig * Since queries do not affect the exit status, force a warning to make this
372 1.1 rillig * test conform to the general expectation that a test that produces output
373 1.1 rillig * exits non-successfully.
374 1.1 rillig */
375 1.1 rillig /* expect+1: warning: static variable 'unused' unused [226] */
376 1.1 rillig static int unused;
377