xref: /src/usr.bin/indent/indent.c

/*	$NetBSD: indent.c,v 1.36 2021/03/09 16:48:28 rillig Exp $	*/

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-4-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1985 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 1976 Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.
 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#if 0
#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)indent.c	5.17 (Berkeley) 6/7/93";
#endif /* not lint */
#endif

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
__RCSID("$NetBSD: indent.c,v 1.36 2021/03/09 16:48:28 rillig Exp $");
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/indent/indent.c 340138 2018-11-04 19:24:49Z oshogbo $");
#endif
#endif

#include <sys/param.h>
#if HAVE_CAPSICUM
#include <sys/capsicum.h>
#include <capsicum_helpers.h>
#endif
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include "indent.h"

struct options opt;
struct parser_state ps;

char       *labbuf;
char       *s_lab;
char       *e_lab;
char       *l_lab;

char       *codebuf;
char       *s_code;
char       *e_code;
char       *l_code;

char       *combuf;
char       *s_com;
char       *e_com;
char       *l_com;

char       *tokenbuf;
char	   *s_token;
char       *e_token;
char	   *l_token;

char       *in_buffer;
char	   *in_buffer_limit;
char       *buf_ptr;
char       *buf_end;

char        sc_buf[sc_size];
char       *save_com;
char       *sc_end;

char       *bp_save;
char       *be_save;

int         found_err;
int         n_real_blanklines;
int         prefix_blankline_requested;
int         postfix_blankline_requested;
int         break_comma;
float       case_ind;
int         code_lines;
int         had_eof;
int         line_no;
int         inhibit_formatting;
int         suppress_blanklines;

int         ifdef_level;
struct parser_state state_stack[5];
struct parser_state match_state[5];

FILE       *input;
FILE       *output;

static void bakcopy(void);
static void indent_declaration(int, int);

const char *in_name = "Standard Input";	/* will always point to name of input
					 * file */
const char *out_name = "Standard Output";	/* will always point to name
						 * of output file */
const char *simple_backup_suffix = ".BAK";	/* Suffix to use for backup
						 * files */
char        bakfile[MAXPATHLEN] = "";

static void
check_size_code(size_t desired_size)
{
    if (e_code + (desired_size) >= l_code) {
	int nsize = l_code - s_code + 400 + desired_size;
	int code_len = e_code - s_code;
	codebuf = (char *)realloc(codebuf, nsize);
	if (codebuf == NULL)
	    err(1, NULL);
	e_code = codebuf + code_len + 1;
	l_code = codebuf + nsize - 5;
	s_code = codebuf + 1;
    }
}

static void
check_size_label(size_t desired_size)
{
    if (e_lab + (desired_size) >= l_lab) {
	int nsize = l_lab - s_lab + 400 + desired_size;
	int label_len = e_lab - s_lab;
	labbuf = (char *)realloc(labbuf, nsize);
	if (labbuf == NULL)
	    err(1, NULL);
	e_lab = labbuf + label_len + 1;
	l_lab = labbuf + nsize - 5;
	s_lab = labbuf + 1;
    }
}

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
#if HAVE_CAPSICUM
    cap_rights_t rights;
#endif

    int         dec_ind;	/* current indentation for declarations */
    int         di_stack[20];	/* a stack of structure indentation levels */
    int         force_nl;	/* when true, code must be broken */
    token_type  hd_type = end_of_file; /* used to store type of stmt
				 * for if (...), for (...), etc */
    int		i;		/* local loop counter */
    int         scase;		/* set to true when we see a case, so we will
				 * know what to do with the following colon */
    int         sp_sw;		/* when true, we are in the expression of
				 * if(...), while(...), etc. */
    int         squest;		/* when this is positive, we have seen a ?
				 * without the matching : in a <c>?<s>:<s>
				 * construct */
    const char *t_ptr;		/* used for copying tokens */
    int		tabs_to_var;	/* true if using tabs to indent to var name */
    token_type	type_code;	/* returned by lexi */

    int         last_else = 0;	/* true iff last keyword was an else */
    const char *profile_name = NULL;
    const char *envval = NULL;
    struct parser_state transient_state; /* a copy for lookup */

    /*-----------------------------------------------*\
    |		      INITIALIZATION		      |
    \*-----------------------------------------------*/

    found_err = 0;

    ps.p_stack[0] = stmt;	/* this is the parser's stack */
    ps.last_nl = true;		/* this is true if the last thing scanned was
				 * a newline */
    ps.last_token = semicolon;
    combuf = (char *) malloc(bufsize);
    if (combuf == NULL)
	err(1, NULL);
    labbuf = (char *) malloc(bufsize);
    if (labbuf == NULL)
	err(1, NULL);
    codebuf = (char *) malloc(bufsize);
    if (codebuf == NULL)
	err(1, NULL);
    tokenbuf = (char *) malloc(bufsize);
    if (tokenbuf == NULL)
	err(1, NULL);
    alloc_typenames();
    init_constant_tt();
    l_com = combuf + bufsize - 5;
    l_lab = labbuf + bufsize - 5;
    l_code = codebuf + bufsize - 5;
    l_token = tokenbuf + bufsize - 5;
    combuf[0] = codebuf[0] = labbuf[0] = ' ';	/* set up code, label, and
						 * comment buffers */
    combuf[1] = codebuf[1] = labbuf[1] = tokenbuf[1] = '\0';
    opt.else_if = 1;		/* Default else-if special processing to on */
    s_lab = e_lab = labbuf + 1;
    s_code = e_code = codebuf + 1;
    s_com = e_com = combuf + 1;
    s_token = e_token = tokenbuf + 1;

    in_buffer = (char *) malloc(10);
    if (in_buffer == NULL)
	err(1, NULL);
    in_buffer_limit = in_buffer + 8;
    buf_ptr = buf_end = in_buffer;
    line_no = 1;
    had_eof = ps.in_decl = ps.decl_on_line = break_comma = false;
    sp_sw = force_nl = false;
    ps.in_or_st = false;
    ps.bl_line = true;
    dec_ind = 0;
    di_stack[ps.dec_nest = 0] = 0;
    ps.want_blank = ps.in_stmt = ps.ind_stmt = false;

    scase = ps.pcase = false;
    squest = 0;
    sc_end = NULL;
    bp_save = NULL;
    be_save = NULL;

    output = NULL;
    tabs_to_var = 0;

    envval = getenv("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX");
    if (envval)
        simple_backup_suffix = envval;

    /*--------------------------------------------------*\
    |			COMMAND LINE SCAN		 |
    \*--------------------------------------------------*/

#ifdef undef
    max_col = 78;		/* -l78 */
    lineup_to_parens = 1;	/* -lp */
    lineup_to_parens_always = 0;	/* -nlpl */
    ps.ljust_decl = 0;		/* -ndj */
    ps.com_ind = 33;		/* -c33 */
    star_comment_cont = 1;	/* -sc */
    ps.ind_size = 8;		/* -i8 */
    verbose = 0;
    ps.decl_indent = 16;	/* -di16 */
    ps.local_decl_indent = -1;	/* if this is not set to some nonnegative value
				 * by an arg, we will set this equal to
				 * ps.decl_ind */
    ps.indent_parameters = 1;	/* -ip */
    ps.decl_com_ind = 0;	/* if this is not set to some positive value
				 * by an arg, we will set this equal to
				 * ps.com_ind */
    btype_2 = 1;		/* -br */
    cuddle_else = 1;		/* -ce */
    ps.unindent_displace = 0;	/* -d0 */
    ps.case_indent = 0;		/* -cli0 */
    format_block_comments = 1;	/* -fcb */
    format_col1_comments = 1;	/* -fc1 */
    procnames_start_line = 1;	/* -psl */
    proc_calls_space = 0;	/* -npcs */
    comment_delimiter_on_blankline = 1;	/* -cdb */
    ps.leave_comma = 1;		/* -nbc */
#endif

    for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
	if (strcmp(argv[i], "-npro") == 0)
	    break;
	else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 'P' && argv[i][2] != '\0')
	    profile_name = argv[i];	/* non-empty -P (set profile) */
    set_defaults();
    if (i >= argc)
	set_profile(profile_name);

    for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {

	/*
	 * look thru args (if any) for changes to defaults
	 */
	if (argv[i][0] != '-') {/* no flag on parameter */
	    if (input == NULL) {	/* we must have the input file */
		in_name = argv[i];	/* remember name of input file */
		input = fopen(in_name, "r");
		if (input == NULL)	/* check for open error */
			err(1, "%s", in_name);
		continue;
	    }
	    else if (output == NULL) {	/* we have the output file */
		out_name = argv[i];	/* remember name of output file */
		if (strcmp(in_name, out_name) == 0) {	/* attempt to overwrite
							 * the file */
		    errx(1, "input and output files must be different");
		}
		output = fopen(out_name, "w");
		if (output == NULL)	/* check for create error */
			err(1, "%s", out_name);
		continue;
	    }
	    errx(1, "unknown parameter: %s", argv[i]);
	}
	else
	    set_option(argv[i]);
    }				/* end of for */
    if (input == NULL)
	input = stdin;
    if (output == NULL) {
	if (input == stdin)
	    output = stdout;
	else {
	    out_name = in_name;
	    bakcopy();
	}
    }

#if HAVE_CAPSICUM
    /* Restrict input/output descriptors and enter Capsicum sandbox. */
    cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_FSTAT, CAP_WRITE);
    if (caph_rights_limit(fileno(output), &rights) < 0)
	err(EXIT_FAILURE, "unable to limit rights for %s", out_name);
    cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_FSTAT, CAP_READ);
    if (caph_rights_limit(fileno(input), &rights) < 0)
	err(EXIT_FAILURE, "unable to limit rights for %s", in_name);
    if (caph_enter() < 0)
	err(EXIT_FAILURE, "unable to enter capability mode");
#endif

    if (opt.com_ind <= 1)
	opt.com_ind = 2;	/* don't put normal comments before column 2 */
    if (opt.block_comment_max_col <= 0)
	opt.block_comment_max_col = opt.max_col;
    if (opt.local_decl_indent < 0) /* if not specified by user, set this */
	opt.local_decl_indent = opt.decl_indent;
    if (opt.decl_com_ind <= 0)	/* if not specified by user, set this */
	opt.decl_com_ind = opt.ljust_decl ? (opt.com_ind <= 10 ? 2 : opt.com_ind - 8) : opt.com_ind;
    if (opt.continuation_indent == 0)
	opt.continuation_indent = opt.ind_size;
    fill_buffer();		/* get first batch of stuff into input buffer */

    parse(semicolon);
    {
	char *p = buf_ptr;
	int col = 1;

	while (1) {
	    if (*p == ' ')
		col++;
	    else if (*p == '\t')
		col = opt.tabsize * (1 + (col - 1) / opt.tabsize) + 1;
	    else
		break;
	    p++;
	}
	if (col > opt.ind_size)
	    ps.ind_level = ps.i_l_follow = col / opt.ind_size;
    }

    /*
     * START OF MAIN LOOP
     */

    while (1) {			/* this is the main loop.  it will go until we
				 * reach eof */
	int comment_buffered = false;

	type_code = lexi(&ps);	/* lexi reads one token.  The actual
				 * characters read are stored in "token". lexi
				 * returns a code indicating the type of token */

	/*
	 * The following code moves newlines and comments following an if (),
	 * while (), else, etc. up to the start of the following stmt to
	 * a buffer. This allows proper handling of both kinds of brace
	 * placement (-br, -bl) and cuddling "else" (-ce).
	 */

	while (ps.search_brace) {
	    switch (type_code) {
	    case newline:
		if (sc_end == NULL) {
		    save_com = sc_buf;
		    save_com[0] = save_com[1] = ' ';
		    sc_end = &save_com[2];
		}
		*sc_end++ = '\n';
		/*
		 * We may have inherited a force_nl == true from the previous
		 * token (like a semicolon). But once we know that a newline
		 * has been scanned in this loop, force_nl should be false.
		 *
		 * However, the force_nl == true must be preserved if newline
		 * is never scanned in this loop, so this assignment cannot be
		 * done earlier.
		 */
		force_nl = false;
	    case form_feed:
		break;
	    case comment:
		if (sc_end == NULL) {
		    /*
		     * Copy everything from the start of the line, because
		     * pr_comment() will use that to calculate original
		     * indentation of a boxed comment.
		     */
		    memcpy(sc_buf, in_buffer, buf_ptr - in_buffer - 4);
		    save_com = sc_buf + (buf_ptr - in_buffer - 4);
		    save_com[0] = save_com[1] = ' ';
		    sc_end = &save_com[2];
		}
		comment_buffered = true;
		*sc_end++ = '/';	/* copy in start of comment */
		*sc_end++ = '*';
		for (;;) {	/* loop until the end of the comment */
		    *sc_end = *buf_ptr++;
		    if (buf_ptr >= buf_end)
			fill_buffer();
		    if (*sc_end++ == '*' && *buf_ptr == '/')
			break;	/* we are at end of comment */
		    if (sc_end >= &save_com[sc_size]) {	/* check for temp buffer
							 * overflow */
			diag(1, "Internal buffer overflow - Move big comment from right after if, while, or whatever");
			fflush(output);
			exit(1);
		    }
		}
		*sc_end++ = '/';	/* add ending slash */
		if (++buf_ptr >= buf_end)	/* get past / in buffer */
		    fill_buffer();
		break;
	    case lbrace:
		/*
		 * Put KNF-style lbraces before the buffered up tokens and
		 * jump out of this loop in order to avoid copying the token
		 * again under the default case of the switch below.
		 */
		if (sc_end != NULL && opt.btype_2) {
		    save_com[0] = '{';
		    /*
		     * Originally the lbrace may have been alone on its own
		     * line, but it will be moved into "the else's line", so
		     * if there was a newline resulting from the "{" before,
		     * it must be scanned now and ignored.
		     */
		    while (isspace((unsigned char)*buf_ptr)) {
			if (++buf_ptr >= buf_end)
			    fill_buffer();
			if (*buf_ptr == '\n')
			    break;
		    }
		    goto sw_buffer;
		}
		/* FALLTHROUGH */
	    default:		/* it is the start of a normal statement */
		{
		    int remove_newlines;

		    remove_newlines =
			/* "} else" */
			(type_code == sp_nparen && *token == 'e' &&
			    e_code != s_code && e_code[-1] == '}')
			/* "else if" */
			|| (type_code == sp_paren && *token == 'i' &&
			    last_else && opt.else_if);
		    if (remove_newlines)
			force_nl = false;
		    if (sc_end == NULL) {	/* ignore buffering if
						 * comment wasn't saved up */
			ps.search_brace = false;
			goto check_type;
		    }
		    while (sc_end > save_com && isblank((unsigned char)sc_end[-1])) {
			sc_end--;
		    }
		    if (opt.swallow_optional_blanklines ||
			(!comment_buffered && remove_newlines)) {
			force_nl = !remove_newlines;
			while (sc_end > save_com && sc_end[-1] == '\n') {
			    sc_end--;
			}
		    }
		    if (force_nl) {	/* if we should insert a nl here, put
					 * it into the buffer */
			force_nl = false;
			--line_no;	/* this will be re-increased when the
					 * newline is read from the buffer */
			*sc_end++ = '\n';
			*sc_end++ = ' ';
			if (opt.verbose) /* print error msg if the line was
					 * not already broken */
			    diag(0, "Line broken");
		    }
		    for (t_ptr = token; *t_ptr; ++t_ptr)
			*sc_end++ = *t_ptr;

	    sw_buffer:
		    ps.search_brace = false;	/* stop looking for start of
						 * stmt */
		    bp_save = buf_ptr;	/* save current input buffer */
		    be_save = buf_end;
		    buf_ptr = save_com;	/* fix so that subsequent calls to
					 * lexi will take tokens out of
					 * save_com */
		    *sc_end++ = ' ';	/* add trailing blank, just in case */
		    buf_end = sc_end;
		    sc_end = NULL;
		    break;
		}
	    }			/* end of switch */
	    /*
	     * We must make this check, just in case there was an unexpected
	     * EOF.
	     */
	    if (type_code != end_of_file) {
		/*
		 * The only intended purpose of calling lexi() below is to
		 * categorize the next token in order to decide whether to
		 * continue buffering forthcoming tokens. Once the buffering
		 * is over, lexi() will be called again elsewhere on all of
		 * the tokens - this time for normal processing.
		 *
		 * Calling it for this purpose is a bug, because lexi() also
		 * changes the parser state and discards leading whitespace,
		 * which is needed mostly for comment-related considerations.
		 *
		 * Work around the former problem by giving lexi() a copy of
		 * the current parser state and discard it if the call turned
		 * out to be just a look ahead.
		 *
		 * Work around the latter problem by copying all whitespace
		 * characters into the buffer so that the later lexi() call
		 * will read them.
		 */
		if (sc_end != NULL) {
		    while (*buf_ptr == ' ' || *buf_ptr == '\t') {
			*sc_end++ = *buf_ptr++;
			if (sc_end >= &save_com[sc_size]) {
			    errx(1, "input too long");
			}
		    }
		    if (buf_ptr >= buf_end) {
			fill_buffer();
		    }
		}
		transient_state = ps;
		type_code = lexi(&transient_state);	/* read another token */
		if (type_code != newline && type_code != form_feed &&
		    type_code != comment && !transient_state.search_brace) {
		    ps = transient_state;
		}
	    }
	}			/* end of while (search_brace) */
	last_else = 0;
check_type:
	if (type_code == end_of_file) {	/* we got eof */
	    if (s_lab != e_lab || s_code != e_code
		    || s_com != e_com)	/* must dump end of line */
		dump_line();
	    if (ps.tos > 1)	/* check for balanced braces */
		diag(1, "Stuff missing from end of file");

	    if (opt.verbose) {
		printf("There were %d output lines and %d comments\n",
		       ps.out_lines, ps.out_coms);
		printf("(Lines with comments)/(Lines with code): %6.3f\n",
		       (1.0 * ps.com_lines) / code_lines);
	    }
	    fflush(output);
	    exit(found_err);
	}
	if (
		(type_code != comment) &&
		(type_code != newline) &&
		(type_code != preesc) &&
		(type_code != form_feed)) {
	    if (force_nl &&
		    (type_code != semicolon) &&
		    (type_code != lbrace || !opt.btype_2)) {
		/* we should force a broken line here */
		if (opt.verbose)
		    diag(0, "Line broken");
		dump_line();
		ps.want_blank = false;	/* dont insert blank at line start */
		force_nl = false;
	    }
	    ps.in_stmt = true;	/* turn on flag which causes an extra level of
				 * indentation. this is turned off by a ; or
				 * '}' */
	    if (s_com != e_com) {	/* the turkey has embedded a comment
					 * in a line. fix it */
		int len = e_com - s_com;

		check_size_code(len + 3);
		*e_code++ = ' ';
		memcpy(e_code, s_com, len);
		e_code += len;
		*e_code++ = ' ';
		*e_code = '\0';	/* null terminate code sect */
		ps.want_blank = false;
		e_com = s_com;
	    }
	}
	else if (type_code != comment)	/* preserve force_nl thru a comment */
	    force_nl = false;	/* cancel forced newline after newline, form
				 * feed, etc */



	/*-----------------------------------------------------*\
	|	   do switch on type of token scanned		|
	\*-----------------------------------------------------*/
	check_size_code(3);	/* maximum number of increments of e_code
				 * before the next check_size_code or
				 * dump_line() is 2. After that there's the
				 * final increment for the null character. */
	switch (type_code) {	/* now, decide what to do with the token */

	case form_feed:		/* found a form feed in line */
	    ps.use_ff = true;	/* a form feed is treated much like a newline */
	    dump_line();
	    ps.want_blank = false;
	    break;

	case newline:
	    if (ps.last_token != comma || ps.p_l_follow > 0
		    || !opt.leave_comma || ps.block_init || !break_comma || s_com != e_com) {
		dump_line();
		ps.want_blank = false;
	    }
	    ++line_no;		/* keep track of input line number */
	    break;

	case lparen:		/* got a '(' or '[' */
	    /* count parens to make Healy happy */
	    if (++ps.p_l_follow == nitems(ps.paren_indents)) {
		diag(0, "Reached internal limit of %zu unclosed parens",
		    nitems(ps.paren_indents));
		ps.p_l_follow--;
	    }
	    if (*token == '[')
		/* not a function pointer declaration or a function call */;
	    else if (ps.in_decl && !ps.block_init && !ps.dumped_decl_indent &&
		ps.procname[0] == '\0' && ps.paren_level == 0) {
		/* function pointer declarations */
		indent_declaration(dec_ind, tabs_to_var);
		ps.dumped_decl_indent = true;
	    }
	    else if (ps.want_blank &&
		    ((ps.last_token != ident && ps.last_token != funcname) ||
		    opt.proc_calls_space ||
		    (ps.keyword == rw_sizeof ? opt.Bill_Shannon :
		    ps.keyword != rw_0 && ps.keyword != rw_offsetof)))
		*e_code++ = ' ';
	    ps.want_blank = false;
	    *e_code++ = token[0];
	    ps.paren_indents[ps.p_l_follow - 1] = count_spaces_until(1, s_code, e_code) - 1;
	    if (sp_sw && ps.p_l_follow == 1 && opt.extra_expression_indent
		    && ps.paren_indents[0] < 2 * opt.ind_size)
		ps.paren_indents[0] = 2 * opt.ind_size;
	    if (ps.in_or_st && *token == '(' && ps.tos <= 2) {
		/*
		 * this is a kluge to make sure that declarations will be
		 * aligned right if proc decl has an explicit type on it, i.e.
		 * "int a(x) {..."
		 */
		parse(semicolon);	/* I said this was a kluge... */
		ps.in_or_st = false;	/* turn off flag for structure decl or
					 * initialization */
	    }
	    /* parenthesized type following sizeof or offsetof is not a cast */
	    if (ps.keyword == rw_offsetof || ps.keyword == rw_sizeof)
		ps.not_cast_mask |= 1 << ps.p_l_follow;
	    break;

	case rparen:		/* got a ')' or ']' */
	    if (ps.cast_mask & (1 << ps.p_l_follow) & ~ps.not_cast_mask) {
		ps.last_u_d = true;
		ps.cast_mask &= (1 << ps.p_l_follow) - 1;
		ps.want_blank = opt.space_after_cast;
	    } else
		ps.want_blank = true;
	    ps.not_cast_mask &= (1 << ps.p_l_follow) - 1;
	    if (--ps.p_l_follow < 0) {
		ps.p_l_follow = 0;
		diag(0, "Extra %c", *token);
	    }
	    if (e_code == s_code)	/* if the paren starts the line */
		ps.paren_level = ps.p_l_follow;	/* then indent it */

	    *e_code++ = token[0];

	    if (sp_sw && (ps.p_l_follow == 0)) {	/* check for end of if
							 * (...), or some such */
		sp_sw = false;
		force_nl = true;	/* must force newline after if */
		ps.last_u_d = true;	/* inform lexi that a following
					 * operator is unary */
		ps.in_stmt = false;	/* dont use stmt continuation
					 * indentation */

		parse(hd_type);	/* let parser worry about if, or whatever */
	    }
	    ps.search_brace = opt.btype_2; /* this should ensure that
					 * constructs such as main(){...}
					 * and int[]{...} have their braces
					 * put in the right place */
	    break;

	case unary_op:		/* this could be any unary operation */
	    if (!ps.dumped_decl_indent && ps.in_decl && !ps.block_init &&
		ps.procname[0] == '\0' && ps.paren_level == 0) {
		/* pointer declarations */

		/*
		 * if this is a unary op in a declaration, we should indent
		 * this token
		 */
		for (i = 0; token[i]; ++i)
		    /* find length of token */;
		indent_declaration(dec_ind - i, tabs_to_var);
		ps.dumped_decl_indent = true;
	    }
	    else if (ps.want_blank)
		*e_code++ = ' ';

	    {
		int len = e_token - s_token;

		check_size_code(len);
		memcpy(e_code, token, len);
		e_code += len;
	    }
	    ps.want_blank = false;
	    break;

	case binary_op:		/* any binary operation */
	    {
		int len = e_token - s_token;

		check_size_code(len + 1);
		if (ps.want_blank)
		    *e_code++ = ' ';
		memcpy(e_code, token, len);
		e_code += len;
	    }
	    ps.want_blank = true;
	    break;

	case postop:		/* got a trailing ++ or -- */
	    *e_code++ = token[0];
	    *e_code++ = token[1];
	    ps.want_blank = true;
	    break;

	case question:		/* got a ? */
	    squest++;		/* this will be used when a later colon
				 * appears so we can distinguish the
				 * <c>?<n>:<n> construct */
	    if (ps.want_blank)
		*e_code++ = ' ';
	    *e_code++ = '?';
	    ps.want_blank = true;
	    break;

	case casestmt:		/* got word 'case' or 'default' */
	    scase = true;	/* so we can process the later colon properly */
	    goto copy_id;

	case colon:		/* got a ':' */
	    if (squest > 0) {	/* it is part of the <c>?<n>: <n> construct */
		--squest;
		if (ps.want_blank)
		    *e_code++ = ' ';
		*e_code++ = ':';
		ps.want_blank = true;
		break;
	    }
	    if (ps.in_or_st) {
		*e_code++ = ':';
		ps.want_blank = false;
		break;
	    }
	    ps.in_stmt = false;	/* seeing a label does not imply we are in a
				 * stmt */
	    /*
	     * turn everything so far into a label
	     */
	    {
		int len = e_code - s_code;

		check_size_label(len + 3);
		memcpy(e_lab, s_code, len);
		e_lab += len;
		*e_lab++ = ':';
		*e_lab = '\0';
		e_code = s_code;
	    }
	    force_nl = ps.pcase = scase;	/* ps.pcase will be used by
						 * dump_line to decide how to
						 * indent the label. force_nl
						 * will force a case n: to be
						 * on a line by itself */
	    scase = false;
	    ps.want_blank = false;
	    break;

	case semicolon:	/* got a ';' */
	    if (ps.dec_nest == 0)
		ps.in_or_st = false;	/* we are not in an initialization or
					 * structure declaration */
	    scase = false;	/* these will only need resetting in an error */
	    squest = 0;
	    if (ps.last_token == rparen)
		ps.in_parameter_declaration = 0;
	    ps.cast_mask = 0;
	    ps.not_cast_mask = 0;
	    ps.block_init = 0;
	    ps.block_init_level = 0;
	    ps.just_saw_decl--;

	    if (ps.in_decl && s_code == e_code && !ps.block_init &&
		!ps.dumped_decl_indent && ps.paren_level == 0) {
		/* indent stray semicolons in declarations */
		indent_declaration(dec_ind - 1, tabs_to_var);
		ps.dumped_decl_indent = true;
	    }

	    ps.in_decl = (ps.dec_nest > 0);	/* if we were in a first level
						 * structure declaration, we
						 * arent any more */

	    if ((!sp_sw || hd_type != forstmt) && ps.p_l_follow > 0) {

		/*
		 * This should be true iff there were unbalanced parens in the
		 * stmt.  It is a bit complicated, because the semicolon might
		 * be in a for stmt
		 */
		diag(1, "Unbalanced parens");
		ps.p_l_follow = 0;
		if (sp_sw) {	/* this is a check for an if, while, etc. with
				 * unbalanced parens */
		    sp_sw = false;
		    parse(hd_type);	/* dont lose the if, or whatever */
		}
	    }
	    *e_code++ = ';';
	    ps.want_blank = true;
	    ps.in_stmt = (ps.p_l_follow > 0);	/* we are no longer in the
						 * middle of a stmt */

	    if (!sp_sw) {	/* if not if for (;;) */
		parse(semicolon);	/* let parser know about end of stmt */
		force_nl = true;/* force newline after an end of stmt */
	    }
	    break;

	case lbrace:		/* got a '{' */
	    ps.in_stmt = false;	/* dont indent the {} */
	    if (!ps.block_init)
		force_nl = true;/* force other stuff on same line as '{' onto
				 * new line */
	    else if (ps.block_init_level <= 0)
		ps.block_init_level = 1;
	    else
		ps.block_init_level++;

	    if (s_code != e_code && !ps.block_init) {
		if (!opt.btype_2) {
		    dump_line();
		    ps.want_blank = false;
		}
		else if (ps.in_parameter_declaration && !ps.in_or_st) {
		    ps.i_l_follow = 0;
		    if (opt.function_brace_split) { /* dump the line prior
				 * to the brace ... */
			dump_line();
			ps.want_blank = false;
		    } else	/* add a space between the decl and brace */
			ps.want_blank = true;
		}
	    }
	    if (ps.in_parameter_declaration)
		prefix_blankline_requested = 0;

	    if (ps.p_l_follow > 0) {	/* check for preceding unbalanced
					 * parens */
		diag(1, "Unbalanced parens");
		ps.p_l_follow = 0;
		if (sp_sw) {	/* check for unclosed if, for, etc. */
		    sp_sw = false;
		    parse(hd_type);
		    ps.ind_level = ps.i_l_follow;
		}
	    }
	    if (s_code == e_code)
		ps.ind_stmt = false;	/* dont put extra indentation on line
					 * with '{' */
	    if (ps.in_decl && ps.in_or_st) {	/* this is either a structure
						 * declaration or an init */
		di_stack[ps.dec_nest] = dec_ind;
		if (++ps.dec_nest == nitems(di_stack)) {
		    diag(0, "Reached internal limit of %zu struct levels",
			nitems(di_stack));
		    ps.dec_nest--;
		}
		/* ?		dec_ind = 0; */
	    }
	    else {
		ps.decl_on_line = false;	/* we can't be in the middle of
						 * a declaration, so don't do
						 * special indentation of
						 * comments */
		if (opt.blanklines_after_declarations_at_proctop
			&& ps.in_parameter_declaration)
		    postfix_blankline_requested = 1;
		ps.in_parameter_declaration = 0;
		ps.in_decl = false;
	    }
	    dec_ind = 0;
	    parse(lbrace);	/* let parser know about this */
	    if (ps.want_blank)	/* put a blank before '{' if '{' is not at
				 * start of line */
		*e_code++ = ' ';
	    ps.want_blank = false;
	    *e_code++ = '{';
	    ps.just_saw_decl = 0;
	    break;

	case rbrace:		/* got a '}' */
	    if (ps.p_stack[ps.tos] == decl && !ps.block_init)	/* semicolons can be
								 * omitted in
								 * declarations */
		parse(semicolon);
	    if (ps.p_l_follow) {/* check for unclosed if, for, else. */
		diag(1, "Unbalanced parens");
		ps.p_l_follow = 0;
		sp_sw = false;
	    }
	    ps.just_saw_decl = 0;
	    ps.block_init_level--;
	    if (s_code != e_code && !ps.block_init) {	/* '}' must be first on
							 * line */
		if (opt.verbose)
		    diag(0, "Line broken");
		dump_line();
	    }
	    *e_code++ = '}';
	    ps.want_blank = true;
	    ps.in_stmt = ps.ind_stmt = false;
	    if (ps.dec_nest > 0) {	/* we are in multi-level structure
					 * declaration */
		dec_ind = di_stack[--ps.dec_nest];
		if (ps.dec_nest == 0 && !ps.in_parameter_declaration)
		    ps.just_saw_decl = 2;
		ps.in_decl = true;
	    }
	    prefix_blankline_requested = 0;
	    parse(rbrace);	/* let parser know about this */
	    ps.search_brace = opt.cuddle_else && ps.p_stack[ps.tos] == ifhead
		&& ps.il[ps.tos] >= ps.ind_level;
	    if (ps.tos <= 1 && opt.blanklines_after_procs && ps.dec_nest <= 0)
		postfix_blankline_requested = 1;
	    break;

	case swstmt:		/* got keyword "switch" */
	    sp_sw = true;
	    hd_type = swstmt;	/* keep this for when we have seen the
				 * expression */
	    goto copy_id;	/* go move the token into buffer */

	case sp_paren:		/* token is if, while, for */
	    sp_sw = true;	/* the interesting stuff is done after the
				 * expression is scanned */
	    hd_type = (*token == 'i' ? ifstmt :
		       (*token == 'w' ? whilestmt : forstmt));

	    /*
	     * remember the type of header for later use by parser
	     */
	    goto copy_id;	/* copy the token into line */

	case sp_nparen:		/* got else, do */
	    ps.in_stmt = false;
	    if (*token == 'e') {
		if (e_code != s_code && (!opt.cuddle_else || e_code[-1] != '}')) {
		    if (opt.verbose)
			diag(0, "Line broken");
		    dump_line();/* make sure this starts a line */
		    ps.want_blank = false;
		}
		force_nl = true;/* also, following stuff must go onto new line */
		last_else = 1;
		parse(elselit);
	    }
	    else {
		if (e_code != s_code) {	/* make sure this starts a line */
		    if (opt.verbose)
			diag(0, "Line broken");
		    dump_line();
		    ps.want_blank = false;
		}
		force_nl = true;/* also, following stuff must go onto new line */
		last_else = 0;
		parse(dolit);
	    }
	    goto copy_id;	/* move the token into line */

	case type_def:
	case storage:
	    prefix_blankline_requested = 0;
	    goto copy_id;

	case structure:
	    if (ps.p_l_follow > 0)
		goto copy_id;
	    /* FALLTHROUGH */
	case decl:		/* we have a declaration type (int, etc.) */
	    parse(decl);	/* let parser worry about indentation */
	    if (ps.last_token == rparen && ps.tos <= 1) {
		if (s_code != e_code) {
		    dump_line();
		    ps.want_blank = 0;
		}
	    }
	    if (ps.in_parameter_declaration && opt.indent_parameters && ps.dec_nest == 0) {
		ps.ind_level = ps.i_l_follow = 1;
		ps.ind_stmt = 0;
	    }
	    ps.in_or_st = true;	/* this might be a structure or initialization
				 * declaration */
	    ps.in_decl = ps.decl_on_line = ps.last_token != type_def;
	    if ( /* !ps.in_or_st && */ ps.dec_nest <= 0)
		ps.just_saw_decl = 2;
	    prefix_blankline_requested = 0;
	    for (i = 0; token[i++];);	/* get length of token */

	    if (ps.ind_level == 0 || ps.dec_nest > 0) {
		/* global variable or struct member in local variable */
		dec_ind = opt.decl_indent > 0 ? opt.decl_indent : i;
		tabs_to_var = (opt.use_tabs ? opt.decl_indent > 0 : 0);
	    } else {
		/* local variable */
		dec_ind = opt.local_decl_indent > 0 ? opt.local_decl_indent : i;
		tabs_to_var = (opt.use_tabs ? opt.local_decl_indent > 0 : 0);
	    }
	    goto copy_id;

	case funcname:
	case ident:		/* got an identifier or constant */
	    if (ps.in_decl) {
		if (type_code == funcname) {
		    ps.in_decl = false;
		    if (opt.procnames_start_line && s_code != e_code) {
			*e_code = '\0';
			dump_line();
		    }
		    else if (ps.want_blank) {
			*e_code++ = ' ';
		    }
		    ps.want_blank = false;
		}
		else if (!ps.block_init && !ps.dumped_decl_indent &&
		    ps.paren_level == 0) { /* if we are in a declaration, we
					    * must indent identifier */
		    indent_declaration(dec_ind, tabs_to_var);
		    ps.dumped_decl_indent = true;
		    ps.want_blank = false;
		}
	    }
	    else if (sp_sw && ps.p_l_follow == 0) {
		sp_sw = false;
		force_nl = true;
		ps.last_u_d = true;
		ps.in_stmt = false;
		parse(hd_type);
	    }
    copy_id:
	    {
		int len = e_token - s_token;

		check_size_code(len + 1);
		if (ps.want_blank)
		    *e_code++ = ' ';
		memcpy(e_code, s_token, len);
		e_code += len;
	    }
	    if (type_code != funcname)
		ps.want_blank = true;
	    break;

	case strpfx:
	    {
		int len = e_token - s_token;

		check_size_code(len + 1);
		if (ps.want_blank)
		    *e_code++ = ' ';
		memcpy(e_code, token, len);
		e_code += len;
	    }
	    ps.want_blank = false;
	    break;

	case period:		/* treat a period kind of like a binary
				 * operation */
	    *e_code++ = '.';	/* move the period into line */
	    ps.want_blank = false;	/* dont put a blank after a period */
	    break;

	case comma:
	    ps.want_blank = (s_code != e_code);	/* only put blank after comma
						 * if comma does not start the
						 * line */
	    if (ps.in_decl && ps.procname[0] == '\0' && !ps.block_init &&
		!ps.dumped_decl_indent && ps.paren_level == 0) {
		/* indent leading commas and not the actual identifiers */
		indent_declaration(dec_ind - 1, tabs_to_var);
		ps.dumped_decl_indent = true;
	    }
	    *e_code++ = ',';
	    if (ps.p_l_follow == 0) {
		if (ps.block_init_level <= 0)
		    ps.block_init = 0;
		if (break_comma && (!opt.leave_comma ||
		    count_spaces_until(compute_code_target(), s_code, e_code) >
		    opt.max_col - opt.tabsize))
		    force_nl = true;
	    }
	    break;

	case preesc:		/* got the character '#' */
	    if ((s_com != e_com) ||
		    (s_lab != e_lab) ||
		    (s_code != e_code))
		dump_line();
	    check_size_label(1);
	    *e_lab++ = '#';	/* move whole line to 'label' buffer */
	    {
		int         in_comment = 0;
		int         com_start = 0;
		char        quote = 0;
		int         com_end = 0;

		while (*buf_ptr == ' ' || *buf_ptr == '\t') {
		    buf_ptr++;
		    if (buf_ptr >= buf_end)
			fill_buffer();
		}
		while (*buf_ptr != '\n' || (in_comment && !had_eof)) {
		    check_size_label(2);
		    *e_lab = *buf_ptr++;
		    if (buf_ptr >= buf_end)
			fill_buffer();
		    switch (*e_lab++) {
		    case '\\':
			if (!in_comment) {
			    *e_lab++ = *buf_ptr++;
			    if (buf_ptr >= buf_end)
				fill_buffer();
			}
			break;
		    case '/':
			if (*buf_ptr == '*' && !in_comment && !quote) {
			    in_comment = 1;
			    *e_lab++ = *buf_ptr++;
			    com_start = e_lab - s_lab - 2;
			}
			break;
		    case '"':
			if (quote == '"')
			    quote = 0;
			break;
		    case '\'':
			if (quote == '\'')
			    quote = 0;
			break;
		    case '*':
			if (*buf_ptr == '/' && in_comment) {
			    in_comment = 0;
			    *e_lab++ = *buf_ptr++;
			    com_end = e_lab - s_lab;
			}
			break;
		    }
		}

		while (e_lab > s_lab && (e_lab[-1] == ' ' || e_lab[-1] == '\t'))
		    e_lab--;
		if (e_lab - s_lab == com_end && bp_save == NULL) {
		    /* comment on preprocessor line */
		    if (sc_end == NULL) {	/* if this is the first comment,
						 * we must set up the buffer */
			save_com = sc_buf;
			sc_end = &save_com[0];
		    }
		    else {
			*sc_end++ = '\n';	/* add newline between
						 * comments */
			*sc_end++ = ' ';
			--line_no;
		    }
		    if (sc_end - save_com + com_end - com_start > sc_size)
			errx(1, "input too long");
		    memmove(sc_end, s_lab + com_start, com_end - com_start);
		    sc_end += com_end - com_start;
		    e_lab = s_lab + com_start;
		    while (e_lab > s_lab && (e_lab[-1] == ' ' || e_lab[-1] == '\t'))
			e_lab--;
		    bp_save = buf_ptr;	/* save current input buffer */
		    be_save = buf_end;
		    buf_ptr = save_com;	/* fix so that subsequent calls to
					 * lexi will take tokens out of
					 * save_com */
		    *sc_end++ = ' ';	/* add trailing blank, just in case */
		    buf_end = sc_end;
		    sc_end = NULL;
		}
		check_size_label(1);
		*e_lab = '\0';	/* null terminate line */
		ps.pcase = false;
	    }

	    if (strncmp(s_lab, "#if", 3) == 0) { /* also ifdef, ifndef */
		if ((size_t)ifdef_level < nitems(state_stack)) {
		    match_state[ifdef_level].tos = -1;
		    state_stack[ifdef_level++] = ps;
		}
		else
		    diag(1, "#if stack overflow");
	    }
	    else if (strncmp(s_lab, "#el", 3) == 0) { /* else, elif */
		if (ifdef_level <= 0)
		    diag(1, s_lab[3] == 'i' ? "Unmatched #elif" : "Unmatched #else");
		else {
		    match_state[ifdef_level - 1] = ps;
		    ps = state_stack[ifdef_level - 1];
		}
	    }
	    else if (strncmp(s_lab, "#endif", 6) == 0) {
		if (ifdef_level <= 0)
		    diag(1, "Unmatched #endif");
		else
		    ifdef_level--;
	    } else {
		static const struct directives {
		    int size;
		    const char *string;
		} recognized[] = {
		    {7, "include"},
		    {6, "define"},
		    {5, "undef"},
		    {4, "line"},
		    {5, "error"},
		    {6, "pragma"}
		};
		int d = nitems(recognized);
		while (--d >= 0)
		    if (strncmp(s_lab + 1, recognized[d].string, recognized[d].size) == 0)
			break;
		if (d < 0) {
		    diag(1, "Unrecognized cpp directive");
		    break;
		}
	    }
	    if (opt.blanklines_around_conditional_compilation) {
		postfix_blankline_requested++;
		n_real_blanklines = 0;
	    }
	    else {
		postfix_blankline_requested = 0;
		prefix_blankline_requested = 0;
	    }
	    break;		/* subsequent processing of the newline
				 * character will cause the line to be printed */

	case comment:		/* we have gotten a / followed by * this is a biggie */
	    pr_comment();
	    break;

	default:
	    break;
	}			/* end of big switch stmt */

	*e_code = '\0';		/* make sure code section is null terminated */
	if (type_code != comment && type_code != newline && type_code != preesc)
	    ps.last_token = type_code;
    }				/* end of main while (1) loop */
}

/*
 * copy input file to backup file if in_name is /blah/blah/blah/file, then
 * backup file will be ".Bfile" then make the backup file the input and
 * original input file the output
 */
static void
bakcopy(void)
{
    int         n,
                bakchn;
    char        buff[8 * 1024];
    const char *p;

    /* construct file name .Bfile */
    for (p = in_name; *p; p++);	/* skip to end of string */
    while (p > in_name && *p != '/')	/* find last '/' */
	p--;
    if (*p == '/')
	p++;
    sprintf(bakfile, "%s%s", p, simple_backup_suffix);

    /* copy in_name to backup file */
    bakchn = creat(bakfile, 0600);
    if (bakchn < 0)
	err(1, "%s", bakfile);
    while ((n = read(fileno(input), buff, sizeof(buff))) > 0)
	if (write(bakchn, buff, n) != n)
	    err(1, "%s", bakfile);
    if (n < 0)
	err(1, "%s", in_name);
    close(bakchn);
    fclose(input);

    /* re-open backup file as the input file */
    input = fopen(bakfile, "r");
    if (input == NULL)
	err(1, "%s", bakfile);
    /* now the original input file will be the output */
    output = fopen(in_name, "w");
    if (output == NULL) {
	unlink(bakfile);
	err(1, "%s", in_name);
    }
}

static void
indent_declaration(int cur_dec_ind, int tabs_to_var)
{
    int pos = e_code - s_code;
    char *startpos = e_code;

    /*
     * get the tab math right for indentations that are not multiples of tabsize
     */
    if ((ps.ind_level * opt.ind_size) % opt.tabsize != 0) {
	pos += (ps.ind_level * opt.ind_size) % opt.tabsize;
	cur_dec_ind += (ps.ind_level * opt.ind_size) % opt.tabsize;
    }
    if (tabs_to_var) {
	int tpos;

	check_size_code(cur_dec_ind / opt.tabsize);
	while ((tpos = opt.tabsize * (1 + pos / opt.tabsize)) <= cur_dec_ind) {
	    *e_code++ = '\t';
	    pos = tpos;
	}
    }
    check_size_code(cur_dec_ind - pos + 1);
    while (pos < cur_dec_ind) {
	*e_code++ = ' ';
	pos++;
    }
    if (e_code == startpos && ps.want_blank) {
	*e_code++ = ' ';
	ps.want_blank = false;
    }
}