xref: /src/usr.bin/systat/vmstat.c

/*	$NetBSD: vmstat.c,v 1.92 2023/03/28 00:00:30 kre Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1992, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/12/94";
#endif
__RCSID("$NetBSD: vmstat.c,v 1.92 2023/03/28 00:00:30 kre Exp $");
#endif /* not lint */

/*
 * Cursed vmstat -- from Robert Elz.
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/evcnt.h>

#include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <util.h>

#include "systat.h"
#include "extern.h"
#include "drvstats.h"
#include "utmpentry.h"
#include "vmstat.h"

static struct Info {
	struct	uvmexp_sysctl uvmexp;
	struct	vmtotal Total;
	struct	nchstats nchstats;
	long	nchcount;
	long	*intrcnt;
	u_int64_t	*evcnt;
} s, s1, s2, z;

enum display_mode display_mode = TIME;

static void allocinfo(struct Info *);
static void copyinfo(struct Info *, struct Info *);
static float cputime(int);
static void dinfo(int, int, int);
static void getinfo(struct Info *);
static int ucount(void);

static	char buf[26];
static	u_int64_t temp;
static	int nintr;
static	long *intrloc;
static	char **intrname;
static	int nextintsrow;
static	int disk_horiz = 1;
static	u_int nbuf;

WINDOW *
openvmstat(void)
{
	return (stdscr);
}

void
closevmstat(WINDOW *w)
{

	if (w == NULL)
		return;
	wclear(w);
	wrefresh(w);
}


static struct nlist namelist[] = {
#define	X_INTRNAMES	0
	{ .n_name = "_intrnames" },
#define	X_EINTRNAMES	1
	{ .n_name = "_eintrnames" },
#define	X_INTRCNT	2
	{ .n_name = "_intrcnt" },
#define	X_EINTRCNT	3
	{ .n_name = "_eintrcnt" },
#define	X_ALLEVENTS	4
	{ .n_name = "_allevents" },
	{ .n_name = NULL }
};

/*
 * These constants define where the major pieces are laid out
 */
#define STATROW		 0	/* uses 1 row and 68 cols */
#define STATCOL		 2
#define MEMROW		 9	/* uses 5 rows and 31 cols */
#define MEMCOL		 0
#define PAGEROW		 2	/* uses 4 rows and 26 cols */
#define PAGECOL		54
#define INTSROW		 9	/* uses all rows to bottom and 17 cols */
#define INTSCOL		40
#define INTSCOLEND	(VMSTATCOL - 0)
#define PROCSROW	 2	/* uses 2 rows and 20 cols */
#define PROCSCOL	 0
#define GENSTATROW	 2	/* uses 2 rows and 30 cols */
#define GENSTATCOL	17
#define VMSTATROW	 7	/* uses 17 rows and 15 cols */
#define VMSTATCOL	64
#define GRAPHROW	 5	/* uses 3 rows and 51 cols */
#define GRAPHCOL	 0
#define NAMEIROW	15	/* uses 3 rows and 38 cols (must be MEMROW + 5 + 1) */
#define NAMEICOL	 0
#define DISKROW		19	/* uses 5 rows and 50 cols (for 9 drives) */
#define DISKCOL		 0
#define DISKCOLWIDTH	 8
#define DISKCOLEND	INTSCOL

typedef struct intr_evcnt intr_evcnt_t;
struct intr_evcnt {
	char		*ie_group;
	char		*ie_name;
	u_int64_t	*ie_count;	/* kernel address... */
	int		ie_loc;		/* screen row */
} *ie_head;
int nevcnt;

static void
get_interrupt_events(void)
{
	struct evcntlist allevents;
	struct evcnt evcnt, *evptr;
	intr_evcnt_t *ie;

	if (!NREAD(X_ALLEVENTS, &allevents, sizeof allevents))
		return;
	evptr = TAILQ_FIRST(&allevents);
	for (; evptr != NULL; evptr = TAILQ_NEXT(&evcnt, ev_list)) {
		if (!KREAD(evptr, &evcnt, sizeof evcnt))
			return;
		if (evcnt.ev_type != EVCNT_TYPE_INTR)
			continue;
		if (reallocarr(&ie_head, nevcnt + 1, sizeof(*ie)) != 0) {
			error("realloc failed");
			die(0);
		}
		ie = ie_head + nevcnt;
		ie->ie_group = malloc(evcnt.ev_grouplen + 1);
		ie->ie_name = malloc(evcnt.ev_namelen + 1);
		if (ie->ie_group == NULL || ie->ie_name == NULL)
			return;
		if (!KREAD(evcnt.ev_group, ie->ie_group, evcnt.ev_grouplen + 1))
			return;
		if (!KREAD(evcnt.ev_name, ie->ie_name, evcnt.ev_namelen + 1))
			return;
		ie->ie_count = &evptr->ev_count;
		ie->ie_loc = 0;
		nevcnt++;
	}
}

int
initvmstat(void)
{
	static char *intrnamebuf;
	char *cp;
	int i;

	if (intrnamebuf)
		free(intrnamebuf);
	if (intrname)
		free(intrname);
	if (intrloc)
		free(intrloc);

	if (namelist[0].n_type == 0) {
		if (kvm_nlist(kd, namelist) &&
		    namelist[X_ALLEVENTS].n_type == 0) {
			nlisterr(namelist);
			return(0);
		}
	}
	hertz = stathz ? stathz : hz;
	if (!drvinit(1))
		return(0);

	/* Old style interrupt counts - deprecated */
	nintr = (namelist[X_EINTRCNT].n_value -
		namelist[X_INTRCNT].n_value) / sizeof (long);
	if (nintr) {
		intrloc = calloc(nintr, sizeof (long));
		intrname = calloc(nintr, sizeof (long));
		intrnamebuf = malloc(namelist[X_EINTRNAMES].n_value -
				     namelist[X_INTRNAMES].n_value);
		if (intrnamebuf == NULL || intrname == 0 || intrloc == 0) {
			error("Out of memory\n");
			nintr = 0;
			return(0);
		}
		NREAD(X_INTRNAMES, intrnamebuf, NVAL(X_EINTRNAMES) -
		      NVAL(X_INTRNAMES));
		for (cp = intrnamebuf, i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
			intrname[i] = cp;
			cp += strlen(cp) + 1;
		}
	}

	/* event counter interrupt counts */
	get_interrupt_events();

	nextintsrow = INTSROW + 1;
	allocinfo(&s);
	allocinfo(&s1);
	allocinfo(&s2);
	allocinfo(&z);

	getinfo(&s2);
	copyinfo(&s2, &s1);
	return(1);
}

void
fetchvmstat(void)
{
	time_t now;

	time(&now);
	strlcpy(buf, ctime(&now), sizeof(buf));
	buf[19] = '\0';
	getinfo(&s);
}

static void
print_ie_title(int i)
{
	int width, name_width, group_width;

	width = INTSCOLEND - (INTSCOL + 9);
	if (width <= 0)
		return;

	move(ie_head[i].ie_loc, INTSCOL + 9);
	group_width = strlen(ie_head[i].ie_group);
	name_width = strlen(ie_head[i].ie_name);
	width -= group_width + 1 + name_width;
	if (width < 0) {
		/*
		 * Screen to narrow for full strings
		 * This is all rather horrid, in some cases there are a lot
		 * of events in the same group, and in others the event
		 * name is "intr".  There are also names which need 7 or 8
		 * columns before they become meaningful.
		 * This is a bad compromise.
		 */
		width = -width;
		group_width -= (width + 1) / 2;
		name_width -= width / 2;
		/* some have the 'useful' name "intr", display their group */
		if (strcasecmp(ie_head[i].ie_name, "intr") == 0) {
			 group_width += name_width + 1;
			 name_width = 0;
		} else {
			if (group_width <= 3 || name_width < 0) {
				/* don't display group */
				name_width += group_width + 1;
				group_width = 0;
			}
		}
	}

	if (group_width != 0) {
		printw("%-.*s", group_width, ie_head[i].ie_group);
		if (name_width != 0)
			printw(" ");
	}
	if (name_width != 0)
		printw("%-.*s", name_width, ie_head[i].ie_name);
}

void
labelvmstat_top(void)
{

	clear();

	mvprintw(STATROW, STATCOL + 4, "users    Load");

	mvprintw(GENSTATROW, GENSTATCOL, "   Csw  Traps SysCal  Intr   Soft  Fault");

	mvprintw(GRAPHROW, GRAPHCOL,
		"    . %% Sy    . %% Us    . %% Ni    . %% In    . %% Id");
	mvprintw(PROCSROW, PROCSCOL, "Proc:r  d  s");
	mvprintw(GRAPHROW + 1, GRAPHCOL,
		"|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |");

	mvprintw(PAGEROW, PAGECOL + 8, "PAGING   SWAPPING ");
	mvprintw(PAGEROW + 1, PAGECOL, "        in  out   in  out ");
	mvprintw(PAGEROW + 2, PAGECOL, "  ops                     ");
	mvprintw(PAGEROW + 3, PAGECOL, "pages                     ");
}

void
labelvmstat(void)
{
	int i;

	/* Top few lines first */

	labelvmstat_top();

	/* Left hand column */

	mvprintw(MEMROW + 0, MEMCOL, "Anon                 %%   zero         ");
	mvprintw(MEMROW + 1, MEMCOL, "Exec                 %%   wired        ");
	mvprintw(MEMROW + 2, MEMCOL, "File                 %%   inact        ");
	mvprintw(MEMROW + 3, MEMCOL, "Meta                 %%   bufs         ");
	mvprintw(MEMROW + 4, MEMCOL, " (kB)        real   swaponly      free");
	mvprintw(MEMROW + 5, MEMCOL, "Active                                ");

	mvprintw(NAMEIROW, NAMEICOL, "Namei         Sys-cache     Proc-cache");
	mvprintw(NAMEIROW + 1, NAMEICOL,
		"    Calls     hits    %%     hits     %%");

	mvprintw(DISKROW, DISKCOL, "%*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, "Disks:");
	if (disk_horiz) {
		mvprintw(DISKROW + 1, DISKCOL + 1, "seeks");
		mvprintw(DISKROW + 2, DISKCOL + 1, "xfers");
		mvprintw(DISKROW + 3, DISKCOL + 1, "bytes");
		mvprintw(DISKROW + 4, DISKCOL + 1, "%%busy");
	} else {
		mvprintw(DISKROW, DISKCOL + 1 * DISKCOLWIDTH, "%*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, "seeks");
		mvprintw(DISKROW, DISKCOL + 2 * DISKCOLWIDTH, "%*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, "xfers");
		mvprintw(DISKROW, DISKCOL + 3 * DISKCOLWIDTH, "%*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, "bytes");
		mvprintw(DISKROW, DISKCOL + 4 * DISKCOLWIDTH, "%*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, "%busy");
	}

	/* Middle column */

	mvprintw(INTSROW, INTSCOL + 9, "Interrupts");
	for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
		if (intrloc[i] == 0)
			continue;
		mvprintw(intrloc[i], INTSCOL + 9, "%-.*s",
			INTSCOLEND - (INTSCOL + 9), intrname[i]);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < nevcnt; i++) {
		if (ie_head[i].ie_loc == 0)
			continue;
		print_ie_title(i);
	}

	/* Right hand column */

	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 0, VMSTATCOL + 10, "forks");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 1, VMSTATCOL + 10, "fkppw");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 2, VMSTATCOL + 10, "fksvm");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 3, VMSTATCOL + 10, "pwait");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 4, VMSTATCOL + 10, "relck");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 5, VMSTATCOL + 10, "rlkok");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 6, VMSTATCOL + 10, "noram");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 7, VMSTATCOL + 10, "ndcpy");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 8, VMSTATCOL + 10, "fltcp");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 9, VMSTATCOL + 10, "zfod");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 10, VMSTATCOL + 10, "cow");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 11, VMSTATCOL + 10, "fmin");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 12, VMSTATCOL + 10, "ftarg");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 13, VMSTATCOL + 10, "itarg");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 14, VMSTATCOL + 10, "flnan");
	mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 15, VMSTATCOL + 10, "pdfre");

	if (LINES - 1 > VMSTATROW + 16)
		mvprintw(VMSTATROW + 16, VMSTATCOL + 10, "pdscn");
}

#define X(s, s1, fld)	{temp = (s).fld[i]; (s).fld[i] -= (s1).fld[i]; \
			if (display_mode == TIME) (s1).fld[i] = temp;}
#define Z(s, s1, fld)	{temp = (s).nchstats.fld; \
			(s).nchstats.fld -= (s1).nchstats.fld; \
			if (display_mode == TIME) (s1).nchstats.fld = temp;}
#define PUTRATE(s, s1, fld, l, c, w) \
			{temp = (s).fld; (s).fld -= (s1).fld; \
			if (display_mode == TIME) (s1).fld = temp; \
			putint((int)((float)(s).fld/etime + 0.5), l, c, w);}

static	char cpuchar[CPUSTATES] = { '=' , '>', '-', '%', ' ' };
static	char cpuorder[CPUSTATES] = { CP_SYS, CP_USER, CP_NICE, CP_INTR, CP_IDLE };

void
show_vmstat_top(vmtotal_t *Total, uvmexp_sysctl_t *uvm, uvmexp_sysctl_t *uvm1)
{
	float f1, f2;
	int psiz;
	int i, l, c;
	struct {
		struct uvmexp_sysctl *uvmexp;
	} us, us1;

	us.uvmexp = uvm;
	us1.uvmexp = uvm1;

	putint(ucount(), STATROW, STATCOL, 3);
	putfloat(avenrun[0], STATROW, STATCOL + 17, 6, 2, 0);
	putfloat(avenrun[1], STATROW, STATCOL + 23, 6, 2, 0);
	putfloat(avenrun[2], STATROW, STATCOL + 29, 6, 2, 0);
	mvaddstr(STATROW, STATCOL + 53, buf);

	putint(Total->t_rq - 1, PROCSROW + 1, PROCSCOL + 3, 3);
	putint(Total->t_dw, PROCSROW + 1, PROCSCOL + 6, 3);
	putint(Total->t_sl, PROCSROW + 1, PROCSCOL + 9, 3);

	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->swtch, GENSTATROW + 1, GENSTATCOL - 1, 7);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->traps, GENSTATROW + 1, GENSTATCOL + 7, 6);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->syscalls, GENSTATROW + 1, GENSTATCOL + 14, 6);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->intrs, GENSTATROW + 1, GENSTATCOL + 21, 5);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->softs, GENSTATROW + 1, GENSTATCOL + 27, 6);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->faults, GENSTATROW + 1, GENSTATCOL + 34, 6);

	/*
	 * XXX it sure would be nice if this did what top(1) does and showed
	 * the utilization of each CPU on a separate line, though perhaps IFF
	 * the screen is tall enough
	 */
	/* Last CPU state not calculated yet. */
	for (f2 = 0.0, psiz = 0, c = 0; c < CPUSTATES; c++) {
		i = cpuorder[c];
		f1 = cputime(i);
		f2 += f1;
		l = (int) ((f2 + 1.0) / 2.0) - psiz;
		if (c == 0)
			putfloat(f1, GRAPHROW, GRAPHCOL + 1, 5, 1, 0);
		else
			putfloat(f1, GRAPHROW, GRAPHCOL + 10 * c + 1, 5, 1, 0);
		mvhline(GRAPHROW + 2, psiz, cpuchar[c], l);
		psiz += l;
	}

	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->pageins, PAGEROW + 2, PAGECOL + 5, 5);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->pdpageouts, PAGEROW + 2, PAGECOL + 10, 5);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->pgswapin, PAGEROW + 3, PAGECOL + 5, 5);
	PUTRATE(us, us1, uvmexp->pgswapout, PAGEROW + 3, PAGECOL + 10, 5);
}

void
showvmstat(void)
{
	int inttotal;
	int i, l, r, c;
	static int failcnt = 0;
	static int relabel = 0;
	static int last_disks = 0;
	static u_long bufmem;
	int mib[6];
	size_t size;

	if (relabel) {
		labelvmstat();
		relabel = 0;
	}

	cpuswap();
	if (display_mode == TIME) {
		drvswap();
		if (toofast(&failcnt))
			return;
	} else
		etime = 1.0;

	show_vmstat_top(&s.Total, &s.uvmexp, &s1.uvmexp);

	/* Memory totals */
#define pgtokb(pg)	((pg) * (s.uvmexp.pagesize / 1024))

	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.anonpages),				MEMROW + 0, MEMCOL + 7, 10);
	putint((s.uvmexp.anonpages * 100 + 0.5) / s.uvmexp.npages,	MEMROW + 0, MEMCOL + 17, 4);

	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.zeropages),				MEMROW + 0, MEMCOL + 30, 8);

	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.execpages),				MEMROW + 1, MEMCOL + 7, 10);
	putint((s.uvmexp.execpages * 100 + 0.5) / s.uvmexp.npages,	MEMROW + 1, MEMCOL + 17, 4);

	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.wired),					MEMROW + 1, MEMCOL + 30, 8);

	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.filepages),				MEMROW + 2, MEMCOL + 7, 10);
	putint((s.uvmexp.filepages * 100 + 0.5) / s.uvmexp.npages,	MEMROW + 2, MEMCOL + 17, 4);

	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.inactive),				MEMROW + 2, MEMCOL + 30, 8);

	/* Get total size of metadata buffers */
	size = sizeof(bufmem);
	if (sysctlbyname("vm.bufmem", &bufmem, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
		error("can't get buffers size: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return;
	}

	/* Get number of metadata buffers */
	size = 0;
	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
	mib[1] = KERN_BUF;
	mib[2] = KERN_BUF_ALL;
	mib[3] = KERN_BUF_ALL;
	mib[4] = (int)sizeof(struct buf_sysctl);
	mib[5] = INT_MAX; /* we want them all */
	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
		error("can't get buffers size: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return;
	}
	if (size == 0) {
		error("buffers size is zero: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		return;
	}
	nbuf = size / sizeof(struct buf_sysctl);
	nbuf -= KERN_BUFSLOP;

	putint((int) (bufmem / 1024),		MEMROW + 3, MEMCOL + 5, 12);
	putint((int) ((bufmem * 100) + 0.5) / s.uvmexp.pagesize / s.uvmexp.npages,
						MEMROW + 3, MEMCOL + 17, 4);
	putint(nbuf,				MEMROW + 3, MEMCOL + 30, 8);

	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.active),		MEMROW + 5, MEMCOL + 7, 10);
	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.swpgonly),	MEMROW + 5, MEMCOL + 18, 10);
	putint(pgtokb(s.uvmexp.free),		MEMROW + 5, MEMCOL + 28, 10);

#undef pgtokb

	/* Namei cache */
	Z(s, s1, ncs_goodhits); Z(s, s1, ncs_badhits); Z(s, s1, ncs_miss);
	Z(s, s1, ncs_long); Z(s, s1, ncs_pass2); Z(s, s1, ncs_2passes);
	s.nchcount = s.nchstats.ncs_goodhits + s.nchstats.ncs_badhits +
	    s.nchstats.ncs_miss + s.nchstats.ncs_long +
	    s.nchstats.ncs_pass2 + s.nchstats.ncs_2passes;
	if (display_mode == TIME)
		s1.nchcount = s.nchcount;

	putint(s.nchcount, NAMEIROW + 2, NAMEICOL, 9);
	putint(s.nchstats.ncs_goodhits, NAMEIROW + 2, NAMEICOL + 9, 9);
#define nz(x)	((x) ? (x) : 1)
	putfloat(s.nchstats.ncs_goodhits * 100.0 / nz(s.nchcount),
	   NAMEIROW + 2, NAMEICOL + 19, 4, 0, 1);
	putint(s.nchstats.ncs_pass2, NAMEIROW + 2, NAMEICOL + 23, 9);
	putfloat(s.nchstats.ncs_pass2 * 100.0 / nz(s.nchcount),
	   NAMEIROW + 2, NAMEICOL + 34, 4, 0, 1);
#undef nz

	/* Disks */
	for (l = 0, i = 0, r = DISKROW, c = DISKCOL;
	     i < (int)ndrive; i++) {
		if (!drv_select[i])
			continue;

		if (disk_horiz)
			c += DISKCOLWIDTH;
		else
			r++;
		if (c + DISKCOLWIDTH > DISKCOLEND) {
			if (disk_horiz && LINES - 1 - DISKROW >
			    (DISKCOLEND - DISKCOL) / DISKCOLWIDTH) {
				disk_horiz = 0;
				relabel = 1;
			}
			break;
		}
		if (r >= LINES - 1) {
			if (!disk_horiz && LINES - 1 - DISKROW <
			    (DISKCOLEND - DISKCOL) / DISKCOLWIDTH) {
				disk_horiz = 1;
				relabel = 1;
			}
			break;
		}
		l++;

		dinfo(i, r, c);
	}
	/* blank out if we lost any disks */
	for (i = l; i < last_disks; i++) {
		int j;
		if (disk_horiz)
			c += DISKCOLWIDTH;
		else
			r++;
		for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
			if (disk_horiz)
				mvprintw(r+j, c, "%*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, "");
			else
				mvprintw(r, c+j*DISKCOLWIDTH, "%*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, "");
		}
	}
	last_disks = l;

	/* Interrupts */
	failcnt = 0;
	inttotal = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
		if (s.intrcnt[i] == 0)
			continue;
		if (intrloc[i] == 0) {
			if (nextintsrow == LINES)
				continue;
			intrloc[i] = nextintsrow++;
			mvprintw(intrloc[i], INTSCOL + 9, "%-.*s",
				INTSCOLEND - (INTSCOL + 9), intrname[i]);
		}
		X(s, s1, intrcnt);
		l = (int)((float)s.intrcnt[i]/etime + 0.5);
		inttotal += l;
		putint(l, intrloc[i], INTSCOL, 8);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < nevcnt; i++) {
		if (s.evcnt[i] == 0)
			continue;
		if (ie_head[i].ie_loc == 0) {
			if (nextintsrow == LINES)
				continue;
			ie_head[i].ie_loc = nextintsrow++;
			print_ie_title(i);
		}
		X(s, s1, evcnt);
		l = (int)((float)s.evcnt[i]/etime + 0.5);
		inttotal += l;
		putint(l, ie_head[i].ie_loc, INTSCOL, 8);
	}
	putint(inttotal, INTSROW, INTSCOL, 8);

	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.forks, VMSTATROW + 0, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.forks_ppwait, VMSTATROW + 1, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.forks_sharevm, VMSTATROW + 2, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.fltpgwait, VMSTATROW + 3, VMSTATCOL + 4, 5);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.fltrelck, VMSTATROW + 4, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.fltrelckok, VMSTATROW + 5, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.fltnoram, VMSTATROW + 6, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.fltamcopy, VMSTATROW + 7, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.flt_prcopy, VMSTATROW + 8, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.flt_przero, VMSTATROW + 9, VMSTATCOL + 3, 6);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.flt_acow, VMSTATROW + 10, VMSTATCOL, 9);
	putint(s.uvmexp.freemin, VMSTATROW + 11, VMSTATCOL, 9);
	putint(s.uvmexp.freetarg, VMSTATROW + 12, VMSTATCOL, 9);
	putint(s.uvmexp.inactarg, VMSTATROW + 13, VMSTATCOL, 9);
	putint(s.uvmexp.fltnoanon, VMSTATROW + 14, VMSTATCOL, 9);
	PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.pdfreed, VMSTATROW + 15, VMSTATCOL, 9);
	if (LINES - 1 > VMSTATROW + 16)
		PUTRATE(s, s1, uvmexp.pdscans, VMSTATROW + 16, VMSTATCOL, 9);

}

void
vmstat_boot(char *args)
{
	copyinfo(&z, &s1);
	display_mode = BOOT;
}

void
vmstat_run(char *args)
{
	copyinfo(&s1, &s2);
	display_mode = RUN;
}

void
vmstat_time(char *args)
{
	display_mode = TIME;
}

void
vmstat_zero(char *args)
{
	if (display_mode == RUN)
		getinfo(&s1);
}

/* calculate number of users on the system */
static int
ucount(void)
{
	int nusers = 0;
	struct utmpentry *ehead;

	nusers = getutentries(NULL, &ehead);

	if (nusers == 1)
		mvprintw(STATROW, STATCOL + 8, " ");
	else
		mvprintw(STATROW, STATCOL + 8, "s");

	return (nusers);
}

static float
cputime(int indx)
{
	double t;
	int i;

	t = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++)
		t += cur.cp_time[i];
	if (t == 0.0)
		t = 1.0;
	return (cur.cp_time[indx] * 100.0 / t);
}

void
puthumanint_scale(u_int64_t n, int l, int c, int w, int scale)
{
	char b[128];

	if (move(l, c) != OK)
		return;
	if (n == 0 && !showzero) {
		hline(' ', w);
		return;
	}
	if (humanize_number(b, w, n, "", scale, HN_NOSPACE) == -1 ) {
		hline('*', w);
		return;
	}
	printw("%*s", w, b);
}

void
puthumanint_sticky(u_int64_t n, int l, int c, int w, int *scale)
{
	char b[128];
	int sc;

	sc = humanize_number(b, w, n, "", HN_GETSCALE, HN_NOSPACE);
	if (sc > *scale)
		*scale = sc;
	else
		sc = *scale;

	puthumanint_scale(n, l, c, w, sc);
}

void
puthumanint(u_int64_t n, int l, int c, int w)
{

	puthumanint_scale(n, l, c, w, HN_AUTOSCALE);
}

void
putint(int n, int l, int c, int w)
{
	char b[128];

	if (move(l, c) != OK)
		return;
	if (n == 0 && !showzero) {
		hline(' ', w);
		return;
	}
	(void)snprintf(b, sizeof b, "%*d", w, n);
	if ((int)strlen(b) > w) {
		if (display_mode == TIME)
			hline('*', w);
		else
			puthumanint(n, l, c, w);
		return;
	}
	addstr(b);
}

void
putfloat(double f, int l, int c, int w, int d, int nz)
{
	char b[128];

	if (move(l, c) != OK)
		return;
	if (nz && f == 0.0 && !showzero) {
		hline(' ', w);
		return;
	}
	(void)snprintf(b, sizeof b, "%*.*f", w, d, f);
	if ((int)strlen(b) > w) {
		hline('*', w);
		return;
	}
	addstr(b);
}

static void
getinfo(struct Info *stats)
{
	int mib[2];
	size_t size;
	int i;

	cpureadstats();
	drvreadstats();
	size = sizeof(stats->nchstats);
	if (sysctlbyname("vfs.namecache_stats", &stats->nchstats, &size,
	    NULL, 0) < 0) {
		error("can't get namecache statistics: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		memset(&stats->nchstats, 0, sizeof(stats->nchstats));
	}
	if (nintr)
		NREAD(X_INTRCNT, stats->intrcnt, nintr * sizeof(long));
	for (i = 0; i < nevcnt; i++)
		KREAD(ie_head[i].ie_count, &stats->evcnt[i],
		      sizeof stats->evcnt[i]);
	size = sizeof(stats->uvmexp);
	mib[0] = CTL_VM;
	mib[1] = VM_UVMEXP2;
	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &stats->uvmexp, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
		error("can't get uvmexp: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		memset(&stats->uvmexp, 0, sizeof(stats->uvmexp));
	}
	size = sizeof(stats->Total);
	mib[0] = CTL_VM;
	mib[1] = VM_METER;
	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &stats->Total, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
		error("Can't get kernel info: %s\n", strerror(errno));
		memset(&stats->Total, 0, sizeof(stats->Total));
	}
}

static void
allocinfo(struct Info *stats)
{

	if (nintr &&
	    (stats->intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(long))) == NULL) {
		error("calloc failed");
		die(0);
	}
	if ((stats->evcnt = calloc(nevcnt, sizeof(u_int64_t))) == NULL) {
		error("calloc failed");
		die(0);
	}
}

static void
copyinfo(struct Info *from, struct Info *to)
{
	long *intrcnt;
	u_int64_t *evcnt;

	intrcnt = to->intrcnt;
	evcnt = to->evcnt;
	*to = *from;
	memmove(to->intrcnt = intrcnt, from->intrcnt, nintr * sizeof *intrcnt);
	memmove(to->evcnt = evcnt, from->evcnt, nevcnt * sizeof *evcnt);
}

static void
dinfo(int dn, int r, int c)
{
	double atime, dtime;
#define ADV if (disk_horiz) r++; else c += DISKCOLWIDTH

	/* elapsed time for disk stats */
	dtime = etime;
	if (cur.timestamp[dn].tv_sec || cur.timestamp[dn].tv_usec) {
		dtime = (double)cur.timestamp[dn].tv_sec +
			((double)cur.timestamp[dn].tv_usec / (double)1000000);
	}

	mvprintw(r, c, "%*.*s", DISKCOLWIDTH, DISKCOLWIDTH, dr_name[dn]);
	ADV;

	putint((int)(cur.seek[dn]/dtime+0.5), r, c, DISKCOLWIDTH);
	ADV;
	putint((int)((cur.rxfer[dn]+cur.wxfer[dn])/dtime+0.5),
	    r, c, DISKCOLWIDTH);
	ADV;
	puthumanint_sticky((cur.rbytes[dn] + cur.wbytes[dn]) / dtime + 0.5,
		    r, c, DISKCOLWIDTH, &cur.scale[dn]);
	ADV;

	/* time busy in disk activity */
	atime = cur.time[dn].tv_sec + cur.time[dn].tv_usec / 1000000.0;
	atime = atime * 100.0 / dtime;
	if (atime >= 100)
		putint(100, r, c, DISKCOLWIDTH);
	else
		putfloat(atime, r, c, DISKCOLWIDTH, 1, 1);
}