cgram.y revision 1.442
1 %{ 2 /* $NetBSD: cgram.y,v 1.442 2023/06/30 21:06:18 rillig Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou. All Rights Reserved. 6 * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Jochen Pohl 7 * All Rights Reserved. 8 * 9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11 * are met: 12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 18 * must display the following acknowledgement: 19 * This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl for 20 * The NetBSD Project. 21 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 22 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 26 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 27 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 28 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 29 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 30 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 31 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 32 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 33 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 34 */ 35 36 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 37 #if defined(__RCSID) 38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: cgram.y,v 1.442 2023/06/30 21:06:18 rillig Exp $"); 39 #endif 40 41 #include <limits.h> 42 #include <stdlib.h> 43 #include <string.h> 44 45 #include "lint1.h" 46 47 extern char *yytext; 48 49 /* 50 * Contains the level of current declaration, used for symbol table entries. 51 * 0 is the top-level, > 0 is inside a function body. 52 */ 53 int block_level; 54 55 /* 56 * level for memory allocation. Normally the same as block_level. 57 * An exception is the declaration of arguments in prototypes. Memory 58 * for these can't be freed after the declaration, but symbols must 59 * be removed from the symbol table after the declaration. 60 */ 61 size_t mem_block_level; 62 63 /* 64 * Save the no-warns state and restore it to avoid the problem where 65 * if (expr) { stmt } / * NOLINT * / stmt; 66 */ 67 #define LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED (-3) 68 static int saved_lwarn = LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED; 69 70 static void cgram_declare(sym_t *, bool, sbuf_t *); 71 static void read_until_rparen(void); 72 static sym_t *symbolrename(sym_t *, sbuf_t *); 73 74 75 /* ARGSUSED */ 76 static void 77 clear_warning_flags_loc(const char *file, size_t line) 78 { 79 debug_step("%s:%zu: clearing flags", file, line); 80 clear_warn_flags(); 81 saved_lwarn = LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED; 82 } 83 84 /* ARGSUSED */ 85 static void 86 save_warning_flags_loc(const char *file, size_t line) 87 { 88 /* 89 * There used to be an assertion that saved_lwarn is 90 * LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED here, but that triggered for the following 91 * code: 92 * 93 * void function(int x) { if (x > 0) if (x > 1) return; } 94 * 95 * It didn't trigger if the inner 'if' was enclosed in braces though. 96 * 97 * TODO: If actually needed, add support for nested suppression of 98 * warnings. 99 */ 100 debug_step("%s:%zu: saving flags %d", file, line, lwarn); 101 saved_lwarn = lwarn; 102 } 103 104 /* ARGSUSED */ 105 static void 106 restore_warning_flags_loc(const char *file, size_t line) 107 { 108 if (saved_lwarn != LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED) { 109 lwarn = saved_lwarn; 110 debug_step("%s:%zu: restoring flags %d", file, line, lwarn); 111 /* 112 * Do not set 'saved_lwarn = LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED' here, to 113 * avoid triggering the assertion in save_warning_flags_loc. 114 */ 115 } else 116 clear_warning_flags_loc(file, line); 117 } 118 119 #define clear_warning_flags() clear_warning_flags_loc(__FILE__, __LINE__) 120 #define save_warning_flags() save_warning_flags_loc(__FILE__, __LINE__) 121 #define restore_warning_flags() restore_warning_flags_loc(__FILE__, __LINE__) 122 123 static bool 124 is_either(const char *s, const char *a, const char *b) 125 { 126 return strcmp(s, a) == 0 || strcmp(s, b) == 0; 127 } 128 129 #if YYDEBUG && (YYBYACC || YYBISON) 130 #define YYSTYPE_TOSTRING cgram_to_string 131 #endif 132 #if YYDEBUG && YYBISON 133 #define YYPRINT cgram_print 134 #endif 135 136 %} 137 138 %expect 131 139 140 %union { 141 val_t *y_val; 142 sbuf_t *y_name; 143 sym_t *y_sym; 144 op_t y_op; 145 scl_t y_scl; 146 tspec_t y_tspec; 147 tqual_t y_tqual; 148 type_t *y_type; 149 tnode_t *y_tnode; 150 range_t y_range; 151 strg_t *y_string; 152 qual_ptr *y_qual_ptr; 153 bool y_seen_statement; 154 struct generic_association *y_generic; 155 struct array_size y_array_size; 156 bool y_in_system_header; 157 }; 158 159 %token T_LBRACE T_RBRACE T_LBRACK T_RBRACK T_LPAREN T_RPAREN 160 %token T_POINT T_ARROW 161 %token T_COMPLEMENT T_LOGNOT 162 %token <y_op> T_INCDEC 163 %token T_SIZEOF 164 %token T_BUILTIN_OFFSETOF 165 %token T_TYPEOF 166 %token T_EXTENSION 167 %token T_ALIGNAS 168 %token T_ALIGNOF 169 %token T_ASTERISK 170 %token <y_op> T_MULTIPLICATIVE 171 %token <y_op> T_ADDITIVE 172 %token <y_op> T_SHIFT 173 %token <y_op> T_RELATIONAL 174 %token <y_op> T_EQUALITY 175 %token T_AMPER 176 %token T_BITXOR 177 %token T_BITOR 178 %token T_LOGAND 179 %token T_LOGOR 180 %token T_QUEST 181 %token T_COLON 182 %token T_ASSIGN 183 %token <y_op> T_OPASSIGN 184 %token T_COMMA 185 %token T_SEMI 186 %token T_ELLIPSIS 187 %token T_REAL 188 %token T_IMAG 189 %token T_GENERIC 190 %token T_NORETURN 191 192 /* storage classes (extern, static, auto, register and typedef) */ 193 %token <y_scl> T_SCLASS 194 195 /* 196 * predefined type keywords (char, int, short, long, unsigned, signed, 197 * float, double, void); see T_TYPENAME for types from typedef 198 */ 199 %token <y_tspec> T_TYPE 200 201 /* qualifiers (const, volatile, restrict, _Thread_local) */ 202 %token <y_tqual> T_QUAL 203 %token <y_tqual> T_ATOMIC 204 205 /* struct or union */ 206 %token <y_tspec> T_STRUCT_OR_UNION 207 208 /* remaining keywords */ 209 %token T_ASM 210 %token T_BREAK 211 %token T_CASE 212 %token T_CONTINUE 213 %token T_DEFAULT 214 %token T_DO 215 %token T_ELSE 216 %token T_ENUM 217 %token T_FOR 218 %token T_GOTO 219 %token T_IF 220 %token T_PACKED 221 %token T_RETURN 222 %token T_SWITCH 223 %token T_SYMBOLRENAME 224 %token T_WHILE 225 %token T_STATIC_ASSERT 226 227 %token T_ATTRIBUTE 228 229 %left T_THEN 230 %left T_ELSE 231 %right T_QUEST T_COLON 232 %left T_LOGOR 233 %left T_LOGAND 234 %left T_BITOR 235 %left T_BITXOR 236 %left T_AMPER 237 %left T_EQUALITY 238 %left T_RELATIONAL 239 %left T_SHIFT 240 %left T_ADDITIVE 241 %left T_ASTERISK T_MULTIPLICATIVE 242 243 %token <y_name> T_NAME 244 %token <y_name> T_TYPENAME 245 %token <y_val> T_CON 246 %token <y_string> T_STRING 247 248 %type <y_sym> identifier_sym 249 %type <y_name> identifier 250 %type <y_string> string 251 252 %type <y_tnode> primary_expression 253 %type <y_tnode> generic_selection 254 %type <y_generic> generic_assoc_list 255 %type <y_generic> generic_association 256 %type <y_tnode> postfix_expression 257 %type <y_tnode> gcc_statement_expr_list 258 %type <y_tnode> gcc_statement_expr_item 259 %type <y_op> point_or_arrow 260 %type <y_tnode> argument_expression_list 261 %type <y_tnode> unary_expression 262 %type <y_tnode> cast_expression 263 %type <y_tnode> conditional_expression 264 %type <y_tnode> assignment_expression 265 %type <y_tnode> expression_opt 266 %type <y_tnode> expression 267 %type <y_tnode> constant_expr 268 269 %type <y_type> begin_type_typespec 270 %type <y_type> type_specifier 271 %type <y_type> notype_type_specifier 272 %type <y_type> atomic_type_specifier 273 %type <y_type> struct_or_union_specifier 274 %type <y_tspec> struct_or_union 275 %type <y_sym> braced_struct_declaration_list 276 %type <y_sym> struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace 277 %type <y_sym> struct_declaration_list 278 %type <y_sym> struct_declaration 279 %type <y_sym> notype_struct_declarators 280 %type <y_sym> type_struct_declarators 281 %type <y_sym> notype_struct_declarator 282 %type <y_sym> type_struct_declarator 283 %type <y_type> enum_specifier 284 %type <y_sym> enum_declaration 285 %type <y_sym> enums_with_opt_comma 286 %type <y_sym> enumerator_list 287 %type <y_sym> enumerator 288 %type <y_tqual> type_qualifier 289 %type <y_qual_ptr> pointer 290 %type <y_qual_ptr> asterisk 291 %type <y_qual_ptr> type_qualifier_list_opt 292 %type <y_qual_ptr> type_qualifier_list 293 %type <y_qual_ptr> type_qualifier_list_elem 294 %type <y_sym> notype_declarator 295 %type <y_sym> type_declarator 296 %type <y_sym> notype_direct_declarator 297 %type <y_sym> type_direct_declarator 298 %type <y_sym> type_param_declarator 299 %type <y_sym> notype_param_declarator 300 %type <y_sym> direct_param_declarator 301 %type <y_sym> direct_notype_param_declarator 302 %type <y_sym> param_list 303 %type <y_array_size> array_size_opt 304 %type <y_tnode> array_size 305 %type <y_sym> identifier_list 306 %type <y_type> type_name 307 %type <y_sym> abstract_declaration 308 %type <y_sym> abstract_declarator 309 %type <y_sym> direct_abstract_declarator 310 %type <y_sym> abstract_decl_param_list 311 %type <y_sym> vararg_parameter_type_list 312 %type <y_sym> parameter_type_list 313 %type <y_sym> parameter_declaration 314 %type <y_range> range 315 %type <y_name> asm_or_symbolrename_opt 316 317 %type <y_seen_statement> block_item_list 318 %type <y_seen_statement> block_item 319 %type <y_tnode> do_while_expr 320 %type <y_sym> func_declarator 321 %type <y_in_system_header> sys 322 323 %{ 324 #if YYDEBUG && YYBISON 325 static inline void cgram_print(FILE *, int, YYSTYPE); 326 #endif 327 %} 328 329 %% 330 331 program: 332 /* empty */ { 333 /* TODO: Make this an error in C99 mode as well. */ 334 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 335 /* empty translation unit */ 336 error(272); 337 } else if (allow_c90) { 338 /* empty translation unit */ 339 warning(272); 340 } 341 } 342 | translation_unit 343 ; 344 345 identifier_sym: /* helper for struct/union/enum */ 346 identifier { 347 $$ = getsym($1); 348 } 349 ; 350 351 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.4.2.1, C11 ??? */ 352 identifier: 353 T_NAME { 354 debug_step("cgram: name '%s'", $1->sb_name); 355 $$ = $1; 356 } 357 | T_TYPENAME { 358 debug_step("cgram: typename '%s'", $1->sb_name); 359 $$ = $1; 360 } 361 ; 362 363 /* see C99 6.4.5, string literals are joined by 5.1.1.2 */ 364 string: 365 T_STRING 366 | string T_STRING { 367 if (!allow_c90) { 368 /* concatenated strings are illegal in traditional C */ 369 warning(219); 370 } 371 $$ = cat_strings($1, $2); 372 } 373 ; 374 375 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.1, C11 6.5.1 */ 376 primary_expression: 377 T_NAME { 378 bool sys_name, sys_next; 379 sys_name = in_system_header; 380 if (yychar < 0) 381 yychar = yylex(); 382 sys_next = in_system_header; 383 in_system_header = sys_name; 384 $$ = build_name(getsym($1), yychar == T_LPAREN); 385 in_system_header = sys_next; 386 } 387 | T_CON { 388 $$ = build_constant(gettyp($1->v_tspec), $1); 389 } 390 | string { 391 $$ = build_string($1); 392 } 393 | T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 394 if ($2 != NULL) 395 $2->tn_parenthesized = true; 396 $$ = $2; 397 } 398 | generic_selection 399 /* GCC primary-expression, see c_parser_postfix_expression */ 400 /* TODO: C99 7.17p3 allows not only an identifier but a designator. */ 401 | T_BUILTIN_OFFSETOF T_LPAREN type_name T_COMMA identifier T_RPAREN { 402 symtyp = FMEMBER; 403 $$ = build_offsetof($3, getsym($5)); 404 } 405 ; 406 407 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */ 408 generic_selection: 409 T_GENERIC T_LPAREN assignment_expression T_COMMA 410 generic_assoc_list T_RPAREN { 411 /* generic selection requires C11 or later */ 412 c11ism(345); 413 $$ = build_generic_selection($3, $5); 414 } 415 ; 416 417 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */ 418 generic_assoc_list: 419 generic_association 420 | generic_assoc_list T_COMMA generic_association { 421 $3->ga_prev = $1; 422 $$ = $3; 423 } 424 ; 425 426 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */ 427 generic_association: 428 type_name T_COLON assignment_expression { 429 $$ = block_zero_alloc(sizeof(*$$)); 430 $$->ga_arg = $1; 431 $$->ga_result = $3; 432 } 433 | T_DEFAULT T_COLON assignment_expression { 434 $$ = block_zero_alloc(sizeof(*$$)); 435 $$->ga_arg = NULL; 436 $$->ga_result = $3; 437 } 438 ; 439 440 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.2, C11 6.5.2 */ 441 postfix_expression: 442 primary_expression 443 | postfix_expression T_LBRACK sys expression T_RBRACK { 444 $$ = build_unary(INDIR, $3, build_binary($1, PLUS, $3, $4)); 445 } 446 | postfix_expression T_LPAREN sys T_RPAREN { 447 $$ = build_function_call($1, $3, NULL); 448 } 449 | postfix_expression T_LPAREN sys argument_expression_list T_RPAREN { 450 $$ = build_function_call($1, $3, $4); 451 } 452 | postfix_expression point_or_arrow sys T_NAME { 453 $$ = build_member_access($1, $2, $3, $4); 454 } 455 | postfix_expression T_INCDEC sys { 456 $$ = build_unary($2 == INC ? INCAFT : DECAFT, $3, $1); 457 } 458 | T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { /* C99 6.5.2.5 "Compound literals" */ 459 sym_t *tmp = mktempsym($2); 460 begin_initialization(tmp); 461 cgram_declare(tmp, true, NULL); 462 } init_lbrace initializer_list comma_opt init_rbrace { 463 if (!allow_c99) 464 /* compound literals are a C99/GCC extension */ 465 gnuism(319); 466 $$ = build_name(current_initsym(), false); 467 end_initialization(); 468 } 469 | T_LPAREN compound_statement_lbrace { 470 begin_statement_expr(); 471 } gcc_statement_expr_list { 472 do_statement_expr($4); 473 } compound_statement_rbrace T_RPAREN { 474 $$ = end_statement_expr(); 475 } 476 ; 477 478 comma_opt: /* helper for 'postfix_expression' */ 479 /* empty */ 480 | T_COMMA 481 ; 482 483 /* 484 * The inner part of a GCC statement-expression of the form ({ ... }). 485 * 486 * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Statement-Exprs.html 487 */ 488 gcc_statement_expr_list: 489 gcc_statement_expr_item 490 | gcc_statement_expr_list gcc_statement_expr_item { 491 $$ = $2; 492 } 493 ; 494 495 gcc_statement_expr_item: 496 declaration_or_error { 497 clear_warning_flags(); 498 $$ = NULL; 499 } 500 | non_expr_statement { 501 $$ = expr_alloc_tnode(); 502 $$->tn_type = gettyp(VOID); 503 } 504 | expression T_SEMI { 505 if ($1 == NULL) { /* in case of syntax errors */ 506 $$ = expr_alloc_tnode(); 507 $$->tn_type = gettyp(VOID); 508 } else { 509 /* XXX: do that only on the last name */ 510 if ($1->tn_op == NAME) 511 $1->tn_sym->s_used = true; 512 expr($1, false, false, false, false); 513 seen_fallthrough = false; 514 $$ = $1; 515 } 516 } 517 ; 518 519 point_or_arrow: /* helper for 'postfix_expression' */ 520 T_POINT { 521 symtyp = FMEMBER; 522 $$ = POINT; 523 } 524 | T_ARROW { 525 symtyp = FMEMBER; 526 $$ = ARROW; 527 } 528 ; 529 530 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.2, C11 6.5.2 */ 531 argument_expression_list: 532 assignment_expression { 533 $$ = build_function_argument(NULL, $1); 534 } 535 | argument_expression_list T_COMMA assignment_expression { 536 $$ = build_function_argument($1, $3); 537 } 538 ; 539 540 /* K&R 7.2, C90 ???, C99 6.5.3, C11 6.5.3 */ 541 unary_expression: 542 postfix_expression 543 | T_INCDEC sys unary_expression { 544 $$ = build_unary($1 == INC ? INCBEF : DECBEF, $2, $3); 545 } 546 | T_AMPER sys cast_expression { 547 $$ = build_unary(ADDR, $2, $3); 548 } 549 | T_ASTERISK sys cast_expression { 550 $$ = build_unary(INDIR, $2, $3); 551 } 552 | T_ADDITIVE sys cast_expression { 553 if (!allow_c90 && $1 == PLUS) { 554 /* unary '+' is illegal in traditional C */ 555 warning(100); 556 } 557 $$ = build_unary($1 == PLUS ? UPLUS : UMINUS, $2, $3); 558 } 559 | T_COMPLEMENT sys cast_expression { 560 $$ = build_unary(COMPL, $2, $3); 561 } 562 | T_LOGNOT sys cast_expression { 563 $$ = build_unary(NOT, $2, $3); 564 } 565 | T_REAL sys cast_expression { /* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */ 566 $$ = build_unary(REAL, $2, $3); 567 } 568 | T_IMAG sys cast_expression { /* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */ 569 $$ = build_unary(IMAG, $2, $3); 570 } 571 | T_EXTENSION cast_expression { /* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */ 572 $$ = $2; 573 } 574 | T_SIZEOF unary_expression { 575 $$ = $2 == NULL ? NULL : build_sizeof($2->tn_type); 576 if ($$ != NULL) 577 check_expr_misc($2, 578 false, false, false, false, false, true); 579 } 580 | T_SIZEOF T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { 581 $$ = build_sizeof($3); 582 } 583 | T_ALIGNOF unary_expression { 584 /* non type argument to alignof is a GCC extension */ 585 gnuism(349); 586 lint_assert($2 != NULL); 587 $$ = build_alignof($2->tn_type); 588 } 589 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.3 */ 590 | T_ALIGNOF T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { 591 /* TODO: c11ism */ 592 $$ = build_alignof($3); 593 } 594 ; 595 596 /* The rule 'unary_operator' is inlined into unary_expression. */ 597 598 /* K&R 7.2, C90 ???, C99 6.5.4, C11 6.5.4 */ 599 cast_expression: 600 unary_expression 601 | T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN cast_expression { 602 $$ = cast($4, $2); 603 } 604 ; 605 606 expression_opt: 607 /* empty */ { 608 $$ = NULL; 609 } 610 | expression 611 ; 612 613 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'multiplicative_expression'. */ 614 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'additive_expression'. */ 615 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'shift_expression'. */ 616 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'relational_expression'. */ 617 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'equality_expression'. */ 618 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'AND_expression'. */ 619 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'exclusive_OR_expression'. */ 620 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'inclusive_OR_expression'. */ 621 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'logical_AND_expression'. */ 622 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'logical_OR_expression'. */ 623 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.5 to 6.5.15, C11 6.5.5 to 6.5.15 */ 624 conditional_expression: 625 cast_expression 626 | conditional_expression T_ASTERISK sys conditional_expression { 627 $$ = build_binary($1, MULT, $3, $4); 628 } 629 | conditional_expression T_MULTIPLICATIVE sys conditional_expression { 630 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 631 } 632 | conditional_expression T_ADDITIVE sys conditional_expression { 633 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 634 } 635 | conditional_expression T_SHIFT sys conditional_expression { 636 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 637 } 638 | conditional_expression T_RELATIONAL sys conditional_expression { 639 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 640 } 641 | conditional_expression T_EQUALITY sys conditional_expression { 642 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 643 } 644 | conditional_expression T_AMPER sys conditional_expression { 645 $$ = build_binary($1, BITAND, $3, $4); 646 } 647 | conditional_expression T_BITXOR sys conditional_expression { 648 $$ = build_binary($1, BITXOR, $3, $4); 649 } 650 | conditional_expression T_BITOR sys conditional_expression { 651 $$ = build_binary($1, BITOR, $3, $4); 652 } 653 | conditional_expression T_LOGAND sys conditional_expression { 654 $$ = build_binary($1, LOGAND, $3, $4); 655 } 656 | conditional_expression T_LOGOR sys conditional_expression { 657 $$ = build_binary($1, LOGOR, $3, $4); 658 } 659 | conditional_expression T_QUEST sys 660 expression T_COLON sys conditional_expression { 661 $$ = build_binary($1, QUEST, $3, 662 build_binary($4, COLON, $6, $7)); 663 } 664 ; 665 666 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.16, C11 6.5.16 */ 667 assignment_expression: 668 conditional_expression 669 | unary_expression T_ASSIGN sys assignment_expression { 670 $$ = build_binary($1, ASSIGN, $3, $4); 671 } 672 | unary_expression T_OPASSIGN sys assignment_expression { 673 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 674 } 675 ; 676 677 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.17, C11 6.5.17 */ 678 expression: 679 assignment_expression 680 | expression T_COMMA sys assignment_expression { 681 $$ = build_binary($1, COMMA, $3, $4); 682 } 683 ; 684 685 constant_expr: /* C99 6.6 */ 686 conditional_expression 687 ; 688 689 declaration_or_error: 690 declaration 691 | error T_SEMI 692 ; 693 694 declaration: /* C99 6.7 */ 695 begin_type_declmods end_type T_SEMI { 696 if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) { 697 /* typedef declares no type name */ 698 warning(72); 699 } else { 700 /* empty declaration */ 701 warning(2); 702 } 703 } 704 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI { 705 if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) { 706 /* syntax error '%s' */ 707 error(249, "missing base type for typedef"); 708 } else { 709 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 710 error(1); 711 } 712 } 713 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type T_SEMI { 714 if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) { 715 /* typedef declares no type name */ 716 warning(72); 717 } else if (!dcs->d_nonempty_decl) { 718 /* empty declaration */ 719 warning(2); 720 } 721 } 722 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type 723 type_init_declarators T_SEMI 724 | static_assert_declaration 725 ; 726 727 begin_type_declaration_specifiers: /* see C99 6.7 */ 728 begin_type_typespec { 729 dcs_add_type($1); 730 } 731 | begin_type_declmods type_specifier { 732 dcs_add_type($2); 733 } 734 | type_attribute begin_type_declaration_specifiers 735 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers declmod 736 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers notype_type_specifier { 737 dcs_add_type($2); 738 } 739 ; 740 741 begin_type_declmods: /* see C99 6.7 */ 742 begin_type type_qualifier { 743 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 744 } 745 | begin_type T_SCLASS { 746 dcs_add_storage_class($2); 747 } 748 | begin_type_declmods declmod 749 ; 750 751 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list: /* see C11 6.7.2.1 */ 752 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix 753 | type_attribute_list begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix 754 ; 755 756 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix: 757 begin_type_typespec { 758 dcs_add_type($1); 759 } 760 | begin_type_qualifier_list type_specifier { 761 dcs_add_type($2); 762 } 763 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix type_qualifier { 764 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 765 } 766 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix notype_type_specifier { 767 dcs_add_type($2); 768 } 769 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix type_attribute 770 ; 771 772 begin_type_typespec: 773 begin_type notype_type_specifier { 774 $$ = $2; 775 } 776 | begin_type T_TYPENAME { 777 $$ = getsym($2)->s_type; 778 } 779 ; 780 781 begin_type_qualifier_list: 782 begin_type type_qualifier { 783 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 784 } 785 | begin_type_qualifier_list type_qualifier { 786 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 787 } 788 ; 789 790 declmod: 791 type_qualifier { 792 dcs_add_qualifier($1); 793 } 794 | T_SCLASS { 795 dcs_add_storage_class($1); 796 } 797 | type_attribute_list 798 ; 799 800 type_attribute_list_opt: 801 /* empty */ 802 | type_attribute_list 803 ; 804 805 type_attribute_list: 806 type_attribute 807 | type_attribute_list type_attribute 808 ; 809 810 type_attribute_opt: 811 /* empty */ 812 | type_attribute 813 ; 814 815 type_attribute: /* See C11 6.7 declaration-specifiers */ 816 gcc_attribute_specifier 817 | T_ALIGNAS T_LPAREN type_specifier T_RPAREN /* C11 6.7.5 */ 818 | T_ALIGNAS T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN /* C11 6.7.5 */ 819 | T_PACKED { 820 dcs_add_packed(); 821 } 822 | T_NORETURN 823 ; 824 825 begin_type: 826 /* empty */ { 827 dcs_begin_type(); 828 } 829 ; 830 831 end_type: 832 /* empty */ { 833 dcs_end_type(); 834 } 835 ; 836 837 type_specifier: /* C99 6.7.2 */ 838 notype_type_specifier 839 | T_TYPENAME { 840 $$ = getsym($1)->s_type; 841 } 842 ; 843 844 notype_type_specifier: /* see C99 6.7.2 */ 845 T_TYPE { 846 $$ = gettyp($1); 847 } 848 | T_TYPEOF T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { /* GCC extension */ 849 $$ = $3 != NULL ? block_dup_type($3->tn_type) : gettyp(INT); 850 $$->t_typeof = true; 851 } 852 | atomic_type_specifier 853 | struct_or_union_specifier { 854 end_declaration_level(); 855 $$ = $1; 856 } 857 | enum_specifier { 858 end_declaration_level(); 859 $$ = $1; 860 } 861 ; 862 863 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.7.2.4 */ 864 atomic_type_specifier: 865 atomic T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { 866 $$ = $3; 867 } 868 ; 869 870 struct_or_union_specifier: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 871 struct_or_union identifier_sym { 872 /* 873 * STDC requires that "struct a;" always introduces 874 * a new tag if "a" is not declared at current level 875 * 876 * yychar is valid because otherwise the parser would not 877 * have been able to decide if it must shift or reduce 878 */ 879 $$ = make_tag_type($2, $1, false, yychar == T_SEMI); 880 } 881 | struct_or_union identifier_sym { 882 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type($2, $1, true, false); 883 } braced_struct_declaration_list { 884 $$ = complete_struct_or_union($4); 885 } 886 | struct_or_union { 887 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type(NULL, $1, true, false); 888 } braced_struct_declaration_list { 889 $$ = complete_struct_or_union($3); 890 } 891 | struct_or_union error { 892 symtyp = FVFT; 893 $$ = gettyp(INT); 894 } 895 ; 896 897 struct_or_union: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 898 T_STRUCT_OR_UNION { 899 symtyp = FTAG; 900 begin_declaration_level($1 == STRUCT 901 ? DK_STRUCT_MEMBER 902 : DK_UNION_MEMBER); 903 dcs->d_offset_in_bits = 0; 904 dcs->d_sou_align_in_bits = CHAR_SIZE; 905 $$ = $1; 906 } 907 | struct_or_union type_attribute 908 ; 909 910 braced_struct_declaration_list: /* see C99 6.7.2.1 */ 911 struct_declaration_lbrace struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace { 912 $$ = $2; 913 } 914 ; 915 916 struct_declaration_lbrace: /* see C99 6.7.2.1 */ 917 T_LBRACE { 918 symtyp = FVFT; 919 } 920 ; 921 922 struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace: /* see C99 6.7.2.1 */ 923 struct_declaration_list T_RBRACE 924 | T_RBRACE { 925 /* XXX: This is not allowed by any C standard. */ 926 $$ = NULL; 927 } 928 ; 929 930 struct_declaration_list: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 931 struct_declaration 932 | struct_declaration_list struct_declaration { 933 $$ = concat_symbols($1, $2); 934 } 935 ; 936 937 struct_declaration: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 938 begin_type_qualifier_list end_type { 939 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 940 /* too late, i know, but getsym() compensates it */ 941 symtyp = FMEMBER; 942 } notype_struct_declarators type_attribute_opt T_SEMI { 943 symtyp = FVFT; 944 $$ = $4; 945 } 946 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type { 947 symtyp = FMEMBER; 948 } type_struct_declarators type_attribute_opt T_SEMI { 949 symtyp = FVFT; 950 $$ = $4; 951 } 952 | begin_type_qualifier_list end_type type_attribute_opt T_SEMI { 953 /* syntax error '%s' */ 954 error(249, "member without type"); 955 $$ = NULL; 956 } 957 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type type_attribute_opt 958 T_SEMI { 959 symtyp = FVFT; 960 if (!allow_c11 && !allow_gcc) 961 /* anonymous struct/union members is a C11 feature */ 962 warning(49); 963 if (is_struct_or_union(dcs->d_type->t_tspec)) 964 $$ = declare_unnamed_member(); 965 else { 966 /* syntax error '%s' */ 967 error(249, "unnamed member"); 968 $$ = NULL; 969 } 970 } 971 | static_assert_declaration { 972 $$ = NULL; 973 } 974 | error T_SEMI { 975 symtyp = FVFT; 976 $$ = NULL; 977 } 978 ; 979 980 notype_struct_declarators: 981 notype_struct_declarator { 982 $$ = declare_member($1); 983 } 984 | notype_struct_declarators { 985 symtyp = FMEMBER; 986 } T_COMMA type_struct_declarator { 987 $$ = concat_symbols($1, declare_member($4)); 988 } 989 ; 990 991 type_struct_declarators: 992 type_struct_declarator { 993 $$ = declare_member($1); 994 } 995 | type_struct_declarators { 996 symtyp = FMEMBER; 997 } T_COMMA type_struct_declarator { 998 $$ = concat_symbols($1, declare_member($4)); 999 } 1000 ; 1001 1002 notype_struct_declarator: 1003 notype_declarator 1004 | notype_declarator T_COLON constant_expr { /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 1005 $$ = set_bit_field_width($1, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1006 } 1007 | { 1008 symtyp = FVFT; 1009 } T_COLON constant_expr { /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 1010 $$ = set_bit_field_width(NULL, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1011 } 1012 ; 1013 1014 type_struct_declarator: 1015 type_declarator 1016 | type_declarator T_COLON constant_expr { 1017 $$ = set_bit_field_width($1, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1018 } 1019 | { 1020 symtyp = FVFT; 1021 } T_COLON constant_expr { 1022 $$ = set_bit_field_width(NULL, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1023 } 1024 ; 1025 1026 /* K&R ---, C90 6.5.2.2, C99 6.7.2.2, C11 6.7.2.2 */ 1027 enum_specifier: /* C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1028 enum gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt identifier_sym { 1029 $$ = make_tag_type($3, ENUM, false, false); 1030 } 1031 | enum gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt identifier_sym { 1032 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type($3, ENUM, true, false); 1033 } enum_declaration /*gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt*/ { 1034 $$ = complete_enum($5); 1035 } 1036 | enum gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1037 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type(NULL, ENUM, true, false); 1038 } enum_declaration /*gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt*/ { 1039 $$ = complete_enum($4); 1040 } 1041 | enum error { 1042 symtyp = FVFT; 1043 $$ = gettyp(INT); 1044 } 1045 ; 1046 1047 enum: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1048 T_ENUM { 1049 symtyp = FTAG; 1050 begin_declaration_level(DK_ENUM_CONSTANT); 1051 } 1052 ; 1053 1054 enum_declaration: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1055 enum_decl_lbrace enums_with_opt_comma T_RBRACE { 1056 $$ = $2; 1057 } 1058 ; 1059 1060 enum_decl_lbrace: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1061 T_LBRACE { 1062 symtyp = FVFT; 1063 enumval = 0; 1064 } 1065 ; 1066 1067 enums_with_opt_comma: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1068 enumerator_list 1069 | enumerator_list T_COMMA { 1070 if (!allow_c99 && !allow_trad) { 1071 /* trailing ',' prohibited in enum declaration */ 1072 error(54); 1073 } else { 1074 /* trailing ',' prohibited in enum declaration */ 1075 c99ism(54); 1076 } 1077 $$ = $1; 1078 } 1079 ; 1080 1081 enumerator_list: /* C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1082 enumerator 1083 | enumerator_list T_COMMA enumerator { 1084 $$ = concat_symbols($1, $3); 1085 } 1086 | error { 1087 $$ = NULL; 1088 } 1089 ; 1090 1091 enumerator: /* C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1092 identifier_sym gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1093 $$ = enumeration_constant($1, enumval, true); 1094 } 1095 | identifier_sym gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt 1096 T_ASSIGN constant_expr { 1097 $$ = enumeration_constant($1, to_int_constant($4, true), 1098 false); 1099 } 1100 ; 1101 1102 type_qualifier: /* C99 6.7.3 */ 1103 T_QUAL 1104 | atomic { 1105 $$ = ATOMIC; 1106 } 1107 ; 1108 1109 atomic: /* helper */ 1110 T_ATOMIC { 1111 /* TODO: First fix c11ism, then use it here. */ 1112 if (!allow_c11) 1113 /* '_Atomic' requires C11 or later */ 1114 error(350); 1115 } 1116 ; 1117 1118 pointer: /* C99 6.7.5 */ 1119 asterisk type_qualifier_list_opt { 1120 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2); 1121 } 1122 | asterisk type_qualifier_list_opt pointer { 1123 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2); 1124 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($$, $3); 1125 } 1126 ; 1127 1128 asterisk: /* helper for 'pointer' */ 1129 T_ASTERISK { 1130 $$ = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*$$)); 1131 $$->p_pointer = true; 1132 } 1133 ; 1134 1135 type_qualifier_list_opt: /* see C99 6.7.5 */ 1136 /* empty */ { 1137 $$ = NULL; 1138 } 1139 | type_qualifier_list 1140 ; 1141 1142 type_qualifier_list: /* C99 6.7.5 */ 1143 type_qualifier_list_elem 1144 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_elem { 1145 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2); 1146 } 1147 ; 1148 1149 type_qualifier_list_elem: /* helper for 'pointer' */ 1150 type_qualifier { 1151 $$ = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*$$)); 1152 if ($1 == CONST) 1153 $$->p_const = true; 1154 if ($1 == VOLATILE) 1155 $$->p_volatile = true; 1156 } 1157 ; 1158 1159 /* 1160 * For an explanation of 'notype' in the following rules, see 1161 * https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Semantic-Tokens. 1162 */ 1163 1164 notype_init_declarators: 1165 notype_init_declarator 1166 | notype_init_declarators T_COMMA type_init_declarator 1167 ; 1168 1169 type_init_declarators: 1170 type_init_declarator 1171 | type_init_declarators T_COMMA type_init_declarator 1172 ; 1173 1174 notype_init_declarator: 1175 notype_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1176 cgram_declare($1, false, $2); 1177 check_size($1); 1178 } 1179 | notype_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1180 begin_initialization($1); 1181 cgram_declare($1, true, $2); 1182 } T_ASSIGN initializer { 1183 check_size($1); 1184 end_initialization(); 1185 } 1186 ; 1187 1188 type_init_declarator: 1189 type_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1190 cgram_declare($1, false, $2); 1191 check_size($1); 1192 } 1193 | type_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1194 begin_initialization($1); 1195 cgram_declare($1, true, $2); 1196 } T_ASSIGN initializer { 1197 check_size($1); 1198 end_initialization(); 1199 } 1200 ; 1201 1202 notype_declarator: 1203 notype_direct_declarator 1204 | pointer notype_direct_declarator { 1205 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1206 } 1207 ; 1208 1209 type_declarator: 1210 type_direct_declarator 1211 | pointer type_direct_declarator { 1212 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1213 } 1214 ; 1215 1216 notype_direct_declarator: 1217 type_attribute_list_opt T_NAME { 1218 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($2)); 1219 } 1220 | type_attribute_list_opt T_LPAREN type_declarator T_RPAREN { 1221 $$ = $3; 1222 } 1223 | notype_direct_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1224 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1225 } 1226 | notype_direct_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1227 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1228 end_declaration_level(); 1229 block_level--; 1230 } 1231 | notype_direct_declarator type_attribute 1232 ; 1233 1234 type_direct_declarator: 1235 type_attribute_list_opt identifier { 1236 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($2)); 1237 } 1238 | type_attribute_list_opt T_LPAREN type_declarator T_RPAREN { 1239 $$ = $3; 1240 } 1241 | type_direct_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1242 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1243 } 1244 | type_direct_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1245 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1246 end_declaration_level(); 1247 block_level--; 1248 } 1249 | type_direct_declarator type_attribute 1250 ; 1251 1252 /* 1253 * The two distinct rules type_param_declarator and notype_param_declarator 1254 * avoid a conflict in argument lists. A typename enclosed in parentheses is 1255 * always treated as a typename, not an argument name. For example, after 1256 * "typedef double a;", the declaration "f(int (a));" is interpreted as 1257 * "f(int (double));", not "f(int a);". 1258 */ 1259 type_param_declarator: 1260 direct_param_declarator 1261 | pointer direct_param_declarator { 1262 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1263 } 1264 ; 1265 1266 notype_param_declarator: 1267 direct_notype_param_declarator 1268 | pointer direct_notype_param_declarator { 1269 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1270 } 1271 ; 1272 1273 direct_param_declarator: 1274 identifier type_attribute_list { 1275 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($1)); 1276 } 1277 | identifier { 1278 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($1)); 1279 } 1280 | T_LPAREN notype_param_declarator T_RPAREN { 1281 $$ = $2; 1282 } 1283 | direct_param_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK 1284 gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1285 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1286 } 1287 | direct_param_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1288 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1289 end_declaration_level(); 1290 block_level--; 1291 } 1292 ; 1293 1294 direct_notype_param_declarator: 1295 identifier { 1296 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($1)); 1297 } 1298 | T_LPAREN notype_param_declarator T_RPAREN { 1299 $$ = $2; 1300 } 1301 | direct_notype_param_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1302 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1303 } 1304 | direct_notype_param_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1305 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1306 end_declaration_level(); 1307 block_level--; 1308 } 1309 ; 1310 1311 param_list: 1312 id_list_lparen identifier_list T_RPAREN { 1313 $$ = $2; 1314 } 1315 | abstract_decl_param_list 1316 ; 1317 1318 id_list_lparen: 1319 T_LPAREN { 1320 block_level++; 1321 begin_declaration_level(DK_PROTO_ARG); 1322 } 1323 ; 1324 1325 array_size_opt: 1326 /* empty */ { 1327 $$.has_dim = false; 1328 $$.dim = 0; 1329 } 1330 | T_ASTERISK { 1331 /* since C99; variable length array of unspecified size */ 1332 $$.has_dim = false; /* TODO: maybe change to true */ 1333 $$.dim = 0; /* just as a placeholder */ 1334 } 1335 | array_size { 1336 $$.has_dim = true; 1337 $$.dim = $1 == NULL ? 0 : to_int_constant($1, false); 1338 } 1339 ; 1340 1341 array_size: 1342 type_qualifier_list_opt T_SCLASS constant_expr { 1343 /* C11 6.7.6.3p7 */ 1344 if ($2 != STATIC) 1345 yyerror("Bad attribute"); 1346 /* static array size is a C11 extension */ 1347 c11ism(343); 1348 $$ = $3; 1349 } 1350 | type_qualifier { 1351 /* C11 6.7.6.2 */ 1352 if ($1 != RESTRICT) 1353 yyerror("Bad attribute"); 1354 $$ = NULL; 1355 } 1356 | constant_expr 1357 ; 1358 1359 identifier_list: /* C99 6.7.5 */ 1360 T_NAME { 1361 $$ = old_style_function_parameter_name(getsym($1)); 1362 } 1363 | identifier_list T_COMMA T_NAME { 1364 $$ = concat_symbols($1, 1365 old_style_function_parameter_name(getsym($3))); 1366 } 1367 | identifier_list error 1368 ; 1369 1370 /* XXX: C99 requires an additional specifier-qualifier-list. */ 1371 type_name: /* C99 6.7.6 */ 1372 { 1373 begin_declaration_level(DK_ABSTRACT); 1374 } abstract_declaration { 1375 end_declaration_level(); 1376 $$ = $2->s_type; 1377 } 1378 ; 1379 1380 abstract_declaration: /* specific to lint */ 1381 begin_type_qualifier_list end_type { 1382 $$ = declare_abstract_type(abstract_name()); 1383 } 1384 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type { 1385 $$ = declare_abstract_type(abstract_name()); 1386 } 1387 | begin_type_qualifier_list end_type abstract_declarator { 1388 $$ = declare_abstract_type($3); 1389 } 1390 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type abstract_declarator { 1391 $$ = declare_abstract_type($3); 1392 } 1393 ; 1394 1395 /* K&R 8.7, C90 ???, C99 6.7.6, C11 6.7.7 */ 1396 /* In K&R, abstract-declarator could be empty and was still simpler. */ 1397 abstract_declarator: 1398 pointer { 1399 $$ = add_pointer(abstract_name(), $1); 1400 } 1401 | direct_abstract_declarator 1402 | pointer direct_abstract_declarator { 1403 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1404 } 1405 | type_attribute_list direct_abstract_declarator { 1406 $$ = $2; 1407 } 1408 | pointer type_attribute_list direct_abstract_declarator { 1409 $$ = add_pointer($3, $1); 1410 } 1411 ; 1412 1413 /* K&R ---, C90 ???, C99 6.7.6, C11 6.7.7 */ 1414 direct_abstract_declarator: 1415 /* TODO: sort rules according to C99 */ 1416 T_LPAREN abstract_declarator T_RPAREN { 1417 $$ = $2; 1418 } 1419 | T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1420 $$ = add_array(abstract_name(), $2.has_dim, $2.dim); 1421 } 1422 | direct_abstract_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1423 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1424 } 1425 | abstract_decl_param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1426 $$ = add_function(symbolrename(abstract_name(), $2), $1); 1427 end_declaration_level(); 1428 block_level--; 1429 } 1430 | direct_abstract_declarator abstract_decl_param_list 1431 asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1432 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1433 end_declaration_level(); 1434 block_level--; 1435 } 1436 | direct_abstract_declarator type_attribute_list 1437 ; 1438 1439 abstract_decl_param_list: /* specific to lint */ 1440 abstract_decl_lparen T_RPAREN type_attribute_opt { 1441 $$ = NULL; 1442 } 1443 | abstract_decl_lparen vararg_parameter_type_list T_RPAREN 1444 type_attribute_opt { 1445 dcs->d_prototype = true; 1446 $$ = $2; 1447 } 1448 | abstract_decl_lparen error T_RPAREN type_attribute_opt { 1449 $$ = NULL; 1450 } 1451 ; 1452 1453 abstract_decl_lparen: /* specific to lint */ 1454 T_LPAREN { 1455 block_level++; 1456 begin_declaration_level(DK_PROTO_ARG); 1457 } 1458 ; 1459 1460 vararg_parameter_type_list: /* specific to lint */ 1461 parameter_type_list 1462 | parameter_type_list T_COMMA T_ELLIPSIS { 1463 dcs->d_vararg = true; 1464 $$ = $1; 1465 } 1466 | T_ELLIPSIS { 1467 /* TODO: C99 6.7.5 makes this an error as well. */ 1468 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 1469 /* ANSI C requires formal parameter before '...' */ 1470 error(84); 1471 } else if (allow_c90) { 1472 /* ANSI C requires formal parameter before '...' */ 1473 warning(84); 1474 } 1475 dcs->d_vararg = true; 1476 $$ = NULL; 1477 } 1478 ; 1479 1480 /* XXX: C99 6.7.5 defines the same name, but it looks different. */ 1481 parameter_type_list: 1482 parameter_declaration 1483 | parameter_type_list T_COMMA parameter_declaration { 1484 $$ = concat_symbols($1, $3); 1485 } 1486 ; 1487 1488 /* XXX: C99 6.7.5 defines the same name, but it looks completely different. */ 1489 parameter_declaration: 1490 begin_type_declmods end_type { 1491 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 1492 $$ = declare_argument(abstract_name(), false); 1493 } 1494 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type { 1495 $$ = declare_argument(abstract_name(), false); 1496 } 1497 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_param_declarator { 1498 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 1499 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1500 } 1501 /* 1502 * type_param_declarator is needed because of following conflict: 1503 * "typedef int a; f(int (a));" could be parsed as 1504 * "function with argument a of type int", or 1505 * "function with an abstract argument of type function". 1506 * This grammar realizes the second case. 1507 */ 1508 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type type_param_declarator { 1509 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1510 } 1511 | begin_type_declmods end_type abstract_declarator { 1512 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 1513 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1514 } 1515 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type abstract_declarator { 1516 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1517 } 1518 ; 1519 1520 initializer: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1521 assignment_expression { 1522 init_expr($1); 1523 } 1524 | init_lbrace init_rbrace { 1525 /* XXX: Empty braces are not covered by C99 6.7.8. */ 1526 } 1527 | init_lbrace initializer_list comma_opt init_rbrace 1528 /* XXX: What is this error handling for? */ 1529 | error 1530 ; 1531 1532 initializer_list: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1533 initializer_list_item 1534 | initializer_list T_COMMA initializer_list_item 1535 ; 1536 1537 initializer_list_item: /* helper */ 1538 designation initializer 1539 | initializer 1540 ; 1541 1542 designation: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1543 begin_designation designator_list T_ASSIGN 1544 | identifier T_COLON { 1545 /* GCC style struct or union member name in initializer */ 1546 gnuism(315); 1547 begin_designation(); 1548 add_designator_member($1); 1549 } 1550 ; 1551 1552 begin_designation: /* lint-specific helper */ 1553 /* empty */ { 1554 begin_designation(); 1555 } 1556 ; 1557 1558 designator_list: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1559 designator 1560 | designator_list designator 1561 ; 1562 1563 designator: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1564 T_LBRACK range T_RBRACK { 1565 if (!allow_c99) 1566 /* array initializer with designators is a C99 ... */ 1567 warning(321); 1568 add_designator_subscript($2); 1569 } 1570 | T_POINT identifier { 1571 if (!allow_c99) 1572 /* struct or union member name in initializer is ... */ 1573 warning(313); 1574 add_designator_member($2); 1575 } 1576 ; 1577 1578 static_assert_declaration: 1579 T_STATIC_ASSERT T_LPAREN constant_expr T_COMMA T_STRING T_RPAREN T_SEMI /* C11 */ 1580 | T_STATIC_ASSERT T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN T_SEMI /* C23 */ 1581 ; 1582 1583 range: 1584 constant_expr { 1585 $$.lo = to_int_constant($1, true); 1586 $$.hi = $$.lo; 1587 } 1588 | constant_expr T_ELLIPSIS constant_expr { 1589 $$.lo = to_int_constant($1, true); 1590 $$.hi = to_int_constant($3, true); 1591 /* initialization with '[a...b]' is a GCC extension */ 1592 gnuism(340); 1593 } 1594 ; 1595 1596 init_lbrace: /* helper */ 1597 T_LBRACE { 1598 init_lbrace(); 1599 } 1600 ; 1601 1602 init_rbrace: /* helper */ 1603 T_RBRACE { 1604 init_rbrace(); 1605 } 1606 ; 1607 1608 asm_or_symbolrename_opt: /* GCC extensions */ 1609 /* empty */ { 1610 $$ = NULL; 1611 } 1612 | T_ASM T_LPAREN T_STRING T_RPAREN gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1613 freeyyv(&$3, T_STRING); 1614 $$ = NULL; 1615 } 1616 | T_SYMBOLRENAME T_LPAREN T_NAME T_RPAREN 1617 gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1618 $$ = $3; 1619 } 1620 ; 1621 1622 statement: /* C99 6.8 */ 1623 expression_statement 1624 | non_expr_statement 1625 ; 1626 1627 non_expr_statement: /* helper for C99 6.8 */ 1628 gcc_attribute_specifier /* ((__fallthrough__)) */ T_SEMI 1629 | labeled_statement 1630 | compound_statement 1631 | selection_statement 1632 | iteration_statement 1633 | jump_statement { 1634 seen_fallthrough = false; 1635 } 1636 | asm_statement 1637 ; 1638 1639 labeled_statement: /* C99 6.8.1 */ 1640 label gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt statement 1641 ; 1642 1643 label: 1644 T_NAME T_COLON { 1645 symtyp = FLABEL; 1646 named_label(getsym($1)); 1647 } 1648 | T_CASE constant_expr T_COLON { 1649 case_label($2); 1650 seen_fallthrough = true; 1651 } 1652 | T_CASE constant_expr T_ELLIPSIS constant_expr T_COLON { 1653 /* XXX: We don't fill all cases */ 1654 case_label($2); 1655 seen_fallthrough = true; 1656 } 1657 | T_DEFAULT T_COLON { 1658 default_label(); 1659 seen_fallthrough = true; 1660 } 1661 ; 1662 1663 compound_statement: /* C99 6.8.2 */ 1664 compound_statement_lbrace compound_statement_rbrace 1665 | compound_statement_lbrace block_item_list compound_statement_rbrace 1666 ; 1667 1668 compound_statement_lbrace: 1669 T_LBRACE { 1670 block_level++; 1671 mem_block_level++; 1672 begin_declaration_level(DK_AUTO); 1673 } 1674 ; 1675 1676 compound_statement_rbrace: 1677 T_RBRACE { 1678 end_declaration_level(); 1679 level_free_all(mem_block_level); 1680 mem_block_level--; 1681 block_level--; 1682 seen_fallthrough = false; 1683 } 1684 ; 1685 1686 block_item_list: /* C99 6.8.2 */ 1687 block_item 1688 | block_item_list block_item { 1689 if ($1 && !$2) 1690 /* declarations after statements is a C99 feature */ 1691 c99ism(327); 1692 $$ = $1 || $2; 1693 } 1694 ; 1695 1696 block_item: /* C99 6.8.2 */ 1697 declaration_or_error { 1698 $$ = false; 1699 restore_warning_flags(); 1700 } 1701 | statement { 1702 $$ = true; 1703 restore_warning_flags(); 1704 } 1705 ; 1706 1707 expression_statement: /* C99 6.8.3 */ 1708 expression T_SEMI { 1709 expr($1, false, false, false, false); 1710 seen_fallthrough = false; 1711 } 1712 | T_SEMI { 1713 check_statement_reachable(); 1714 seen_fallthrough = false; 1715 } 1716 ; 1717 1718 selection_statement: /* C99 6.8.4 */ 1719 if_without_else %prec T_THEN { 1720 save_warning_flags(); 1721 stmt_if_then_stmt(); 1722 stmt_if_else_stmt(false); 1723 } 1724 | if_without_else T_ELSE { 1725 save_warning_flags(); 1726 stmt_if_then_stmt(); 1727 } statement { 1728 clear_warning_flags(); 1729 stmt_if_else_stmt(true); 1730 } 1731 | if_without_else T_ELSE error { 1732 clear_warning_flags(); 1733 stmt_if_else_stmt(false); 1734 } 1735 | switch_expr statement { 1736 clear_warning_flags(); 1737 stmt_switch_expr_stmt(); 1738 } 1739 | switch_expr error { 1740 clear_warning_flags(); 1741 stmt_switch_expr_stmt(); 1742 } 1743 ; 1744 1745 if_without_else: /* see C99 6.8.4 */ 1746 if_expr statement 1747 | if_expr error 1748 ; 1749 1750 if_expr: /* see C99 6.8.4 */ 1751 T_IF T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 1752 stmt_if_expr($3); 1753 clear_warning_flags(); 1754 } 1755 ; 1756 1757 switch_expr: /* see C99 6.8.4 */ 1758 T_SWITCH T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 1759 stmt_switch_expr($3); 1760 clear_warning_flags(); 1761 } 1762 ; 1763 1764 iteration_statement: /* C99 6.8.5 */ 1765 while_expr statement { 1766 clear_warning_flags(); 1767 stmt_while_expr_stmt(); 1768 } 1769 | while_expr error { 1770 clear_warning_flags(); 1771 stmt_while_expr_stmt(); 1772 } 1773 | do_statement do_while_expr { 1774 stmt_do_while_expr($2); 1775 seen_fallthrough = false; 1776 } 1777 | do error { 1778 clear_warning_flags(); 1779 stmt_do_while_expr(NULL); 1780 } 1781 | for_exprs statement { 1782 clear_warning_flags(); 1783 stmt_for_exprs_stmt(); 1784 end_declaration_level(); 1785 block_level--; 1786 } 1787 | for_exprs error { 1788 clear_warning_flags(); 1789 stmt_for_exprs_stmt(); 1790 end_declaration_level(); 1791 block_level--; 1792 } 1793 ; 1794 1795 while_expr: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1796 T_WHILE T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 1797 stmt_while_expr($3); 1798 clear_warning_flags(); 1799 } 1800 ; 1801 1802 do_statement: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1803 do statement { 1804 clear_warning_flags(); 1805 } 1806 ; 1807 1808 do: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1809 T_DO { 1810 stmt_do(); 1811 } 1812 ; 1813 1814 do_while_expr: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1815 T_WHILE T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN T_SEMI { 1816 $$ = $3; 1817 } 1818 ; 1819 1820 for_start: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1821 T_FOR T_LPAREN { 1822 begin_declaration_level(DK_AUTO); 1823 block_level++; 1824 } 1825 ; 1826 1827 for_exprs: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1828 for_start 1829 begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type 1830 notype_init_declarators T_SEMI 1831 expression_opt T_SEMI 1832 expression_opt T_RPAREN { 1833 /* variable declaration in for loop */ 1834 c99ism(325); 1835 stmt_for_exprs(NULL, $6, $8); 1836 clear_warning_flags(); 1837 } 1838 | for_start 1839 expression_opt T_SEMI 1840 expression_opt T_SEMI 1841 expression_opt T_RPAREN { 1842 stmt_for_exprs($2, $4, $6); 1843 clear_warning_flags(); 1844 } 1845 ; 1846 1847 jump_statement: /* C99 6.8.6 */ 1848 goto identifier T_SEMI { 1849 stmt_goto(getsym($2)); 1850 } 1851 | goto error T_SEMI { 1852 symtyp = FVFT; 1853 } 1854 | T_CONTINUE T_SEMI { 1855 stmt_continue(); 1856 } 1857 | T_BREAK T_SEMI { 1858 stmt_break(); 1859 } 1860 | T_RETURN sys T_SEMI { 1861 stmt_return($2, NULL); 1862 } 1863 | T_RETURN sys expression T_SEMI { 1864 stmt_return($2, $3); 1865 } 1866 ; 1867 1868 goto: /* see C99 6.8.6 */ 1869 T_GOTO { 1870 symtyp = FLABEL; 1871 } 1872 ; 1873 1874 asm_statement: /* GCC extension */ 1875 T_ASM T_LPAREN read_until_rparen T_SEMI { 1876 dcs_set_asm(); 1877 } 1878 | T_ASM type_qualifier T_LPAREN read_until_rparen T_SEMI { 1879 dcs_set_asm(); 1880 } 1881 | T_ASM error 1882 ; 1883 1884 read_until_rparen: /* helper for 'asm_statement' */ 1885 /* empty */ { 1886 read_until_rparen(); 1887 } 1888 ; 1889 1890 translation_unit: /* C99 6.9 */ 1891 external_declaration 1892 | translation_unit external_declaration 1893 ; 1894 1895 external_declaration: /* C99 6.9 */ 1896 function_definition { 1897 global_clean_up_decl(false); 1898 clear_warning_flags(); 1899 } 1900 | top_level_declaration { 1901 global_clean_up_decl(false); 1902 clear_warning_flags(); 1903 } 1904 | asm_statement /* GCC extension */ 1905 | T_SEMI { /* GCC extension */ 1906 /* 1907 * TODO: Only allow this in GCC mode, not in plain C99. 1908 * This is one of the top 10 warnings in the NetBSD build. 1909 */ 1910 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 1911 /* empty declaration */ 1912 error(0); 1913 } else if (allow_c90) { 1914 /* empty declaration */ 1915 warning(0); 1916 } 1917 } 1918 ; 1919 1920 /* 1921 * On the top level, lint allows several forms of declarations that it doesn't 1922 * allow in functions. For example, a single ';' is an empty declaration and 1923 * is supported by some compilers, but in a function it would be an empty 1924 * statement, not a declaration. This makes a difference in C90 mode, where 1925 * a statement must not be followed by a declaration. 1926 * 1927 * See 'declaration' for all other declarations. 1928 */ 1929 top_level_declaration: /* C99 6.9 calls this 'declaration' */ 1930 begin_type end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI { 1931 /* TODO: Make this an error in C99 mode as well. */ 1932 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 1933 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1934 error(1); 1935 } else if (allow_c90) { 1936 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1937 warning(1); 1938 } 1939 } 1940 | declaration 1941 | error T_SEMI { 1942 global_clean_up(); 1943 } 1944 | error T_RBRACE { 1945 global_clean_up(); 1946 } 1947 ; 1948 1949 function_definition: /* C99 6.9.1 */ 1950 func_declarator { 1951 if ($1->s_type->t_tspec != FUNC) { 1952 /* syntax error '%s' */ 1953 error(249, yytext); 1954 YYERROR; 1955 } 1956 if ($1->s_type->t_typedef) { 1957 /* ()-less function definition */ 1958 error(64); 1959 YYERROR; 1960 } 1961 begin_function($1); 1962 block_level++; 1963 begin_declaration_level(DK_OLD_STYLE_ARG); 1964 if (lwarn == LWARN_NONE) 1965 $1->s_used = true; 1966 } arg_declaration_list_opt { 1967 end_declaration_level(); 1968 block_level--; 1969 check_func_lint_directives(); 1970 check_func_old_style_arguments(); 1971 begin_control_statement(CS_FUNCTION_BODY); 1972 } compound_statement { 1973 end_function(); 1974 end_control_statement(CS_FUNCTION_BODY); 1975 } 1976 ; 1977 1978 func_declarator: 1979 begin_type end_type notype_declarator { 1980 if (!allow_trad) { 1981 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1982 error(1); 1983 } 1984 $$ = $3; 1985 } 1986 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_declarator { 1987 if (!allow_trad) { 1988 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1989 error(1); 1990 } 1991 $$ = $3; 1992 } 1993 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type type_declarator { 1994 $$ = $3; 1995 } 1996 ; 1997 1998 arg_declaration_list_opt: /* C99 6.9.1p13 example 1 */ 1999 /* empty */ 2000 | arg_declaration_list 2001 ; 2002 2003 arg_declaration_list: /* C99 6.9.1p13 example 1 */ 2004 arg_declaration 2005 | arg_declaration_list arg_declaration 2006 /* XXX or better "arg_declaration error" ? */ 2007 | error 2008 ; 2009 2010 /* 2011 * "arg_declaration" is separated from "declaration" because it 2012 * needs other error handling. 2013 */ 2014 arg_declaration: 2015 begin_type_declmods end_type T_SEMI { 2016 /* empty declaration */ 2017 warning(2); 2018 } 2019 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI 2020 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type T_SEMI { 2021 if (!dcs->d_nonempty_decl) { 2022 /* empty declaration */ 2023 warning(2); 2024 } else { 2025 /* '%s' declared in argument declaration list */ 2026 warning(3, type_name(dcs->d_type)); 2027 } 2028 } 2029 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type 2030 type_init_declarators T_SEMI { 2031 if (dcs->d_nonempty_decl) { 2032 /* '%s' declared in argument declaration list */ 2033 warning(3, type_name(dcs->d_type)); 2034 } 2035 } 2036 | begin_type_declmods error 2037 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers error 2038 ; 2039 2040 /* https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Attribute-Syntax.html */ 2041 gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt: 2042 /* empty */ 2043 | gcc_attribute_specifier_list 2044 ; 2045 2046 gcc_attribute_specifier_list: 2047 gcc_attribute_specifier 2048 | gcc_attribute_specifier_list gcc_attribute_specifier 2049 ; 2050 2051 gcc_attribute_specifier: 2052 T_ATTRIBUTE T_LPAREN T_LPAREN { 2053 in_gcc_attribute = true; 2054 } gcc_attribute_list { 2055 in_gcc_attribute = false; 2056 } T_RPAREN T_RPAREN 2057 ; 2058 2059 gcc_attribute_list: 2060 gcc_attribute 2061 | gcc_attribute_list T_COMMA gcc_attribute 2062 ; 2063 2064 gcc_attribute: 2065 /* empty */ 2066 | T_NAME { 2067 const char *name = $1->sb_name; 2068 if (is_either(name, "packed", "__packed__")) 2069 dcs_add_packed(); 2070 else if (is_either(name, "used", "__used__") || 2071 is_either(name, "unused", "__unused__")) 2072 dcs_set_used(); 2073 else if (is_either(name, "fallthrough", "__fallthrough__")) 2074 fallthru(1); 2075 } 2076 | T_NAME T_LPAREN T_RPAREN 2077 | T_NAME T_LPAREN gcc_attribute_parameters T_RPAREN 2078 | type_qualifier { 2079 if ($1 != CONST) 2080 yyerror("Bad attribute"); 2081 } 2082 ; 2083 2084 gcc_attribute_parameters: 2085 constant_expr 2086 | gcc_attribute_parameters T_COMMA constant_expr 2087 ; 2088 2089 sys: 2090 /* empty */ { 2091 $$ = in_system_header; 2092 } 2093 ; 2094 2095 %% 2096 2097 /* ARGSUSED */ 2098 int 2099 yyerror(const char *msg) 2100 { 2101 /* syntax error '%s' */ 2102 error(249, yytext); 2103 if (++sytxerr >= 5) 2104 norecover(); 2105 return 0; 2106 } 2107 2108 #if YYDEBUG && (YYBYACC || YYBISON) 2109 static const char * 2110 cgram_to_string(int token, YYSTYPE val) 2111 { 2112 2113 switch (token) { 2114 case T_INCDEC: 2115 case T_MULTIPLICATIVE: 2116 case T_ADDITIVE: 2117 case T_SHIFT: 2118 case T_RELATIONAL: 2119 case T_EQUALITY: 2120 case T_OPASSIGN: 2121 return modtab[val.y_op].m_name; 2122 case T_SCLASS: 2123 return scl_name(val.y_scl); 2124 case T_TYPE: 2125 case T_STRUCT_OR_UNION: 2126 return tspec_name(val.y_tspec); 2127 case T_QUAL: 2128 return tqual_name(val.y_tqual); 2129 case T_NAME: 2130 return val.y_name->sb_name; 2131 default: 2132 return "<none>"; 2133 } 2134 } 2135 #endif 2136 2137 #if YYDEBUG && YYBISON 2138 static inline void 2139 cgram_print(FILE *output, int token, YYSTYPE val) 2140 { 2141 (void)fprintf(output, "%s", cgram_to_string(token, val)); 2142 } 2143 #endif 2144 2145 static void 2146 cgram_declare(sym_t *decl, bool has_initializer, sbuf_t *renaming) 2147 { 2148 declare(decl, has_initializer, renaming); 2149 if (renaming != NULL) 2150 freeyyv(&renaming, T_NAME); 2151 } 2152 2153 /* 2154 * Discard all input tokens up to and including the next 2155 * unmatched right paren 2156 */ 2157 static void 2158 read_until_rparen(void) 2159 { 2160 int level; 2161 2162 if (yychar < 0) 2163 yychar = yylex(); 2164 freeyyv(&yylval, yychar); 2165 2166 level = 1; 2167 while (yychar > 0) { 2168 if (yychar == T_LPAREN) 2169 level++; 2170 if (yychar == T_RPAREN && --level == 0) 2171 break; 2172 freeyyv(&yylval, yychar = yylex()); 2173 } 2174 2175 yyclearin; 2176 } 2177 2178 static sym_t * 2179 symbolrename(sym_t *s, sbuf_t *sb) 2180 { 2181 if (sb != NULL) 2182 s->s_rename = sb->sb_name; 2183 return s; 2184 } 2185
Indexes created Fri Oct 03 02:09:57 GMT 2025