cgram.y revision 1.444
1 %{ 2 /* $NetBSD: cgram.y,v 1.444 2023/07/02 18:28:15 rillig Exp $ */ 3 4 /* 5 * Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou. All Rights Reserved. 6 * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Jochen Pohl 7 * All Rights Reserved. 8 * 9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11 * are met: 12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 18 * must display the following acknowledgement: 19 * This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl for 20 * The NetBSD Project. 21 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 22 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 26 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 27 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 28 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 29 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 30 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 31 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 32 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 33 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 34 */ 35 36 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 37 #if defined(__RCSID) 38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: cgram.y,v 1.444 2023/07/02 18:28:15 rillig Exp $"); 39 #endif 40 41 #include <limits.h> 42 #include <stdlib.h> 43 #include <string.h> 44 45 #include "lint1.h" 46 47 extern char *yytext; 48 49 /* 50 * Contains the level of current declaration, used for symbol table entries. 51 * 0 is the top-level, > 0 is inside a function body. 52 */ 53 int block_level; 54 55 /* 56 * level for memory allocation. Normally the same as block_level. 57 * An exception is the declaration of arguments in prototypes. Memory 58 * for these can't be freed after the declaration, but symbols must 59 * be removed from the symbol table after the declaration. 60 */ 61 size_t mem_block_level; 62 63 /* 64 * Save the no-warns state and restore it to avoid the problem where 65 * if (expr) { stmt } / * NOLINT * / stmt; 66 */ 67 #define LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED (-3) 68 static int saved_lwarn = LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED; 69 70 static void cgram_declare(sym_t *, bool, sbuf_t *); 71 static void read_until_rparen(void); 72 static sym_t *symbolrename(sym_t *, sbuf_t *); 73 74 75 /* ARGSUSED */ 76 static void 77 clear_warning_flags_loc(const char *file, size_t line) 78 { 79 debug_step("%s:%zu: clearing flags", file, line); 80 clear_warn_flags(); 81 saved_lwarn = LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED; 82 } 83 84 /* ARGSUSED */ 85 static void 86 save_warning_flags_loc(const char *file, size_t line) 87 { 88 /* 89 * There used to be an assertion that saved_lwarn is 90 * LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED here, but that triggered for the following 91 * code: 92 * 93 * void function(int x) { if (x > 0) if (x > 1) return; } 94 * 95 * It didn't trigger if the inner 'if' was enclosed in braces though. 96 * 97 * TODO: If actually needed, add support for nested suppression of 98 * warnings. 99 */ 100 debug_step("%s:%zu: saving flags %d", file, line, lwarn); 101 saved_lwarn = lwarn; 102 } 103 104 /* ARGSUSED */ 105 static void 106 restore_warning_flags_loc(const char *file, size_t line) 107 { 108 if (saved_lwarn != LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED) { 109 lwarn = saved_lwarn; 110 debug_step("%s:%zu: restoring flags %d", file, line, lwarn); 111 /* 112 * Do not set 'saved_lwarn = LWARN_NOTHING_SAVED' here, to 113 * avoid triggering the assertion in save_warning_flags_loc. 114 */ 115 } else 116 clear_warning_flags_loc(file, line); 117 } 118 119 #define clear_warning_flags() clear_warning_flags_loc(__FILE__, __LINE__) 120 #define save_warning_flags() save_warning_flags_loc(__FILE__, __LINE__) 121 #define restore_warning_flags() restore_warning_flags_loc(__FILE__, __LINE__) 122 123 static bool 124 is_either(const char *s, const char *a, const char *b) 125 { 126 return strcmp(s, a) == 0 || strcmp(s, b) == 0; 127 } 128 129 #if YYDEBUG && (YYBYACC || YYBISON) 130 #define YYSTYPE_TOSTRING cgram_to_string 131 #endif 132 #if YYDEBUG && YYBISON 133 #define YYPRINT cgram_print 134 #endif 135 136 %} 137 138 %expect 131 139 140 %union { 141 val_t *y_val; 142 sbuf_t *y_name; 143 sym_t *y_sym; 144 op_t y_op; 145 scl_t y_scl; 146 tspec_t y_tspec; 147 tqual_t y_tqual; 148 type_t *y_type; 149 tnode_t *y_tnode; 150 range_t y_range; 151 strg_t *y_string; 152 qual_ptr *y_qual_ptr; 153 bool y_seen_statement; 154 struct generic_association *y_generic; 155 struct array_size y_array_size; 156 bool y_in_system_header; 157 }; 158 159 %token T_LBRACE T_RBRACE T_LBRACK T_RBRACK T_LPAREN T_RPAREN 160 %token T_POINT T_ARROW 161 %token T_COMPLEMENT T_LOGNOT 162 %token <y_op> T_INCDEC 163 %token T_SIZEOF 164 %token T_BUILTIN_OFFSETOF 165 %token T_TYPEOF 166 %token T_EXTENSION 167 %token T_ALIGNAS 168 %token T_ALIGNOF 169 %token T_ASTERISK 170 %token <y_op> T_MULTIPLICATIVE 171 %token <y_op> T_ADDITIVE 172 %token <y_op> T_SHIFT 173 %token <y_op> T_RELATIONAL 174 %token <y_op> T_EQUALITY 175 %token T_AMPER 176 %token T_BITXOR 177 %token T_BITOR 178 %token T_LOGAND 179 %token T_LOGOR 180 %token T_QUEST 181 %token T_COLON 182 %token T_ASSIGN 183 %token <y_op> T_OPASSIGN 184 %token T_COMMA 185 %token T_SEMI 186 %token T_ELLIPSIS 187 %token T_REAL 188 %token T_IMAG 189 %token T_GENERIC 190 %token T_NORETURN 191 192 /* storage classes (extern, static, auto, register and typedef) */ 193 %token <y_scl> T_SCLASS 194 195 /* 196 * predefined type keywords (char, int, short, long, unsigned, signed, 197 * float, double, void); see T_TYPENAME for types from typedef 198 */ 199 %token <y_tspec> T_TYPE 200 201 /* qualifiers (const, volatile, restrict, _Thread_local) */ 202 %token <y_tqual> T_QUAL 203 %token <y_tqual> T_ATOMIC 204 205 /* struct or union */ 206 %token <y_tspec> T_STRUCT_OR_UNION 207 208 /* remaining keywords */ 209 %token T_ASM 210 %token T_BREAK 211 %token T_CASE 212 %token T_CONTINUE 213 %token T_DEFAULT 214 %token T_DO 215 %token T_ELSE 216 %token T_ENUM 217 %token T_FOR 218 %token T_GOTO 219 %token T_IF 220 %token T_PACKED 221 %token T_RETURN 222 %token T_SWITCH 223 %token T_SYMBOLRENAME 224 %token T_WHILE 225 %token T_STATIC_ASSERT 226 227 %token T_ATTRIBUTE 228 229 %left T_THEN 230 %left T_ELSE 231 %right T_QUEST T_COLON 232 %left T_LOGOR 233 %left T_LOGAND 234 %left T_BITOR 235 %left T_BITXOR 236 %left T_AMPER 237 %left T_EQUALITY 238 %left T_RELATIONAL 239 %left T_SHIFT 240 %left T_ADDITIVE 241 %left T_ASTERISK T_MULTIPLICATIVE 242 243 %token <y_name> T_NAME 244 %token <y_name> T_TYPENAME 245 %token <y_val> T_CON 246 %token <y_string> T_STRING 247 248 %type <y_sym> identifier_sym 249 %type <y_name> identifier 250 %type <y_string> string 251 252 %type <y_tnode> primary_expression 253 %type <y_tnode> generic_selection 254 %type <y_generic> generic_assoc_list 255 %type <y_generic> generic_association 256 %type <y_tnode> postfix_expression 257 %type <y_tnode> gcc_statement_expr_list 258 %type <y_tnode> gcc_statement_expr_item 259 %type <y_op> point_or_arrow 260 %type <y_tnode> argument_expression_list 261 %type <y_tnode> unary_expression 262 %type <y_tnode> cast_expression 263 %type <y_tnode> conditional_expression 264 %type <y_tnode> assignment_expression 265 %type <y_tnode> expression_opt 266 %type <y_tnode> expression 267 %type <y_tnode> constant_expr 268 269 %type <y_type> begin_type_typespec 270 %type <y_type> type_specifier 271 %type <y_type> notype_type_specifier 272 %type <y_type> atomic_type_specifier 273 %type <y_type> struct_or_union_specifier 274 %type <y_tspec> struct_or_union 275 %type <y_sym> braced_struct_declaration_list 276 %type <y_sym> struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace 277 %type <y_sym> struct_declaration_list 278 %type <y_sym> struct_declaration 279 %type <y_sym> notype_struct_declarators 280 %type <y_sym> type_struct_declarators 281 %type <y_sym> notype_struct_declarator 282 %type <y_sym> type_struct_declarator 283 %type <y_type> enum_specifier 284 %type <y_sym> enum_declaration 285 %type <y_sym> enums_with_opt_comma 286 %type <y_sym> enumerator_list 287 %type <y_sym> enumerator 288 %type <y_tqual> type_qualifier 289 %type <y_qual_ptr> pointer 290 %type <y_qual_ptr> asterisk 291 %type <y_qual_ptr> type_qualifier_list_opt 292 %type <y_qual_ptr> type_qualifier_list 293 %type <y_qual_ptr> type_qualifier_list_elem 294 %type <y_sym> notype_declarator 295 %type <y_sym> type_declarator 296 %type <y_sym> notype_direct_declarator 297 %type <y_sym> type_direct_declarator 298 %type <y_sym> type_param_declarator 299 %type <y_sym> notype_param_declarator 300 %type <y_sym> direct_param_declarator 301 %type <y_sym> direct_notype_param_declarator 302 %type <y_sym> param_list 303 %type <y_array_size> array_size_opt 304 %type <y_tnode> array_size 305 %type <y_sym> identifier_list 306 %type <y_type> type_name 307 %type <y_sym> abstract_declaration 308 %type <y_sym> abstract_declarator 309 %type <y_sym> direct_abstract_declarator 310 %type <y_sym> abstract_decl_param_list 311 %type <y_sym> vararg_parameter_type_list 312 %type <y_sym> parameter_type_list 313 %type <y_sym> parameter_declaration 314 %type <y_range> range 315 %type <y_name> asm_or_symbolrename_opt 316 317 %type <y_seen_statement> block_item_list 318 %type <y_seen_statement> block_item 319 %type <y_tnode> do_while_expr 320 %type <y_sym> func_declarator 321 %type <y_in_system_header> sys 322 323 %{ 324 #if YYDEBUG && YYBISON 325 static inline void cgram_print(FILE *, int, YYSTYPE); 326 #endif 327 %} 328 329 %% 330 331 program: 332 /* empty */ { 333 /* TODO: Make this an error in C99 mode as well. */ 334 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 335 /* empty translation unit */ 336 error(272); 337 } else if (allow_c90) { 338 /* empty translation unit */ 339 warning(272); 340 } 341 } 342 | translation_unit 343 ; 344 345 identifier_sym: /* helper for struct/union/enum */ 346 identifier { 347 $$ = getsym($1); 348 } 349 ; 350 351 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.4.2.1, C11 ??? */ 352 identifier: 353 T_NAME { 354 debug_step("cgram: name '%s'", $1->sb_name); 355 $$ = $1; 356 } 357 | T_TYPENAME { 358 debug_step("cgram: typename '%s'", $1->sb_name); 359 $$ = $1; 360 } 361 ; 362 363 /* see C99 6.4.5, string literals are joined by 5.1.1.2 */ 364 string: 365 T_STRING 366 | string T_STRING { 367 if (!allow_c90) { 368 /* concatenated strings are illegal in traditional C */ 369 warning(219); 370 } 371 $$ = cat_strings($1, $2); 372 } 373 ; 374 375 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.1, C11 6.5.1 */ 376 primary_expression: 377 T_NAME { 378 bool sys_name, sys_next; 379 sys_name = in_system_header; 380 if (yychar < 0) 381 yychar = yylex(); 382 sys_next = in_system_header; 383 in_system_header = sys_name; 384 $$ = build_name(getsym($1), yychar == T_LPAREN); 385 in_system_header = sys_next; 386 } 387 | T_CON { 388 $$ = build_constant(gettyp($1->v_tspec), $1); 389 } 390 | string { 391 $$ = build_string($1); 392 } 393 | T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 394 if ($2 != NULL) 395 $2->tn_parenthesized = true; 396 $$ = $2; 397 } 398 | generic_selection 399 /* GCC primary-expression, see c_parser_postfix_expression */ 400 /* TODO: C99 7.17p3 allows not only an identifier but a designator. */ 401 | T_BUILTIN_OFFSETOF T_LPAREN type_name T_COMMA identifier T_RPAREN { 402 symtyp = FMEMBER; 403 $$ = build_offsetof($3, getsym($5)); 404 } 405 ; 406 407 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */ 408 generic_selection: 409 T_GENERIC T_LPAREN assignment_expression T_COMMA 410 generic_assoc_list T_RPAREN { 411 /* generic selection requires C11 or later */ 412 c11ism(345); 413 $$ = build_generic_selection($3, $5); 414 } 415 ; 416 417 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */ 418 generic_assoc_list: 419 generic_association 420 | generic_assoc_list T_COMMA generic_association { 421 $3->ga_prev = $1; 422 $$ = $3; 423 } 424 ; 425 426 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.1.1 */ 427 generic_association: 428 type_name T_COLON assignment_expression { 429 $$ = block_zero_alloc(sizeof(*$$)); 430 $$->ga_arg = $1; 431 $$->ga_result = $3; 432 } 433 | T_DEFAULT T_COLON assignment_expression { 434 $$ = block_zero_alloc(sizeof(*$$)); 435 $$->ga_arg = NULL; 436 $$->ga_result = $3; 437 } 438 ; 439 440 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.2, C11 6.5.2 */ 441 postfix_expression: 442 primary_expression 443 | postfix_expression T_LBRACK sys expression T_RBRACK { 444 $$ = build_unary(INDIR, $3, build_binary($1, PLUS, $3, $4)); 445 } 446 | postfix_expression T_LPAREN sys T_RPAREN { 447 $$ = build_function_call($1, $3, NULL); 448 } 449 | postfix_expression T_LPAREN sys argument_expression_list T_RPAREN { 450 $$ = build_function_call($1, $3, $4); 451 } 452 | postfix_expression point_or_arrow sys T_NAME { 453 $$ = build_member_access($1, $2, $3, $4); 454 } 455 | postfix_expression T_INCDEC sys { 456 $$ = build_unary($2 == INC ? INCAFT : DECAFT, $3, $1); 457 } 458 | T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { /* C99 6.5.2.5 "Compound literals" */ 459 sym_t *tmp = mktempsym($2); 460 begin_initialization(tmp); 461 cgram_declare(tmp, true, NULL); 462 } init_lbrace initializer_list comma_opt init_rbrace { 463 if (!allow_c99) 464 /* compound literals are a C99/GCC extension */ 465 gnuism(319); 466 $$ = build_name(current_initsym(), false); 467 end_initialization(); 468 } 469 | T_LPAREN compound_statement_lbrace { 470 begin_statement_expr(); 471 } gcc_statement_expr_list { 472 do_statement_expr($4); 473 } compound_statement_rbrace T_RPAREN { 474 $$ = end_statement_expr(); 475 } 476 ; 477 478 comma_opt: /* helper for 'postfix_expression' */ 479 /* empty */ 480 | T_COMMA 481 ; 482 483 /* 484 * The inner part of a GCC statement-expression of the form ({ ... }). 485 * 486 * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Statement-Exprs.html 487 */ 488 gcc_statement_expr_list: 489 gcc_statement_expr_item 490 | gcc_statement_expr_list gcc_statement_expr_item { 491 $$ = $2; 492 } 493 ; 494 495 gcc_statement_expr_item: 496 declaration_or_error { 497 clear_warning_flags(); 498 $$ = NULL; 499 } 500 | non_expr_statement { 501 $$ = expr_alloc_tnode(); 502 $$->tn_type = gettyp(VOID); 503 } 504 | expression T_SEMI { 505 if ($1 == NULL) { /* in case of syntax errors */ 506 $$ = expr_alloc_tnode(); 507 $$->tn_type = gettyp(VOID); 508 } else { 509 /* XXX: do that only on the last name */ 510 if ($1->tn_op == NAME) 511 $1->tn_sym->s_used = true; 512 expr($1, false, false, false, false); 513 seen_fallthrough = false; 514 $$ = $1; 515 } 516 } 517 ; 518 519 point_or_arrow: /* helper for 'postfix_expression' */ 520 T_POINT { 521 symtyp = FMEMBER; 522 $$ = POINT; 523 } 524 | T_ARROW { 525 symtyp = FMEMBER; 526 $$ = ARROW; 527 } 528 ; 529 530 /* K&R 7.1, C90 ???, C99 6.5.2, C11 6.5.2 */ 531 argument_expression_list: 532 assignment_expression { 533 $$ = build_function_argument(NULL, $1); 534 } 535 | argument_expression_list T_COMMA assignment_expression { 536 $$ = build_function_argument($1, $3); 537 } 538 ; 539 540 /* K&R 7.2, C90 ???, C99 6.5.3, C11 6.5.3 */ 541 unary_expression: 542 postfix_expression 543 | T_INCDEC sys unary_expression { 544 $$ = build_unary($1 == INC ? INCBEF : DECBEF, $2, $3); 545 } 546 | T_AMPER sys cast_expression { 547 $$ = build_unary(ADDR, $2, $3); 548 } 549 | T_ASTERISK sys cast_expression { 550 $$ = build_unary(INDIR, $2, $3); 551 } 552 | T_ADDITIVE sys cast_expression { 553 if (!allow_c90 && $1 == PLUS) { 554 /* unary '+' is illegal in traditional C */ 555 warning(100); 556 } 557 $$ = build_unary($1 == PLUS ? UPLUS : UMINUS, $2, $3); 558 } 559 | T_COMPLEMENT sys cast_expression { 560 $$ = build_unary(COMPL, $2, $3); 561 } 562 | T_LOGNOT sys cast_expression { 563 $$ = build_unary(NOT, $2, $3); 564 } 565 | T_REAL sys cast_expression { /* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */ 566 $$ = build_unary(REAL, $2, $3); 567 } 568 | T_IMAG sys cast_expression { /* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */ 569 $$ = build_unary(IMAG, $2, $3); 570 } 571 | T_EXTENSION cast_expression { /* GCC c_parser_unary_expression */ 572 $$ = $2; 573 } 574 | T_SIZEOF unary_expression { 575 $$ = $2 == NULL ? NULL : build_sizeof($2->tn_type); 576 if ($$ != NULL) 577 check_expr_misc($2, 578 false, false, false, false, false, true); 579 } 580 | T_SIZEOF T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { 581 $$ = build_sizeof($3); 582 } 583 | T_ALIGNOF unary_expression { 584 /* non type argument to alignof is a GCC extension */ 585 gnuism(349); 586 lint_assert($2 != NULL); 587 $$ = build_alignof($2->tn_type); 588 } 589 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.5.3 */ 590 | T_ALIGNOF T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { 591 /* TODO: c11ism */ 592 $$ = build_alignof($3); 593 } 594 ; 595 596 /* The rule 'unary_operator' is inlined into unary_expression. */ 597 598 /* K&R 7.2, C90 ???, C99 6.5.4, C11 6.5.4 */ 599 cast_expression: 600 unary_expression 601 | T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN cast_expression { 602 $$ = cast($4, $2); 603 } 604 ; 605 606 expression_opt: 607 /* empty */ { 608 $$ = NULL; 609 } 610 | expression 611 ; 612 613 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'multiplicative_expression'. */ 614 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'additive_expression'. */ 615 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'shift_expression'. */ 616 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'relational_expression'. */ 617 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'equality_expression'. */ 618 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'AND_expression'. */ 619 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'exclusive_OR_expression'. */ 620 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'inclusive_OR_expression'. */ 621 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'logical_AND_expression'. */ 622 /* 'conditional_expression' also implements 'logical_OR_expression'. */ 623 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.5 to 6.5.15, C11 6.5.5 to 6.5.15 */ 624 conditional_expression: 625 cast_expression 626 | conditional_expression T_ASTERISK sys conditional_expression { 627 $$ = build_binary($1, MULT, $3, $4); 628 } 629 | conditional_expression T_MULTIPLICATIVE sys conditional_expression { 630 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 631 } 632 | conditional_expression T_ADDITIVE sys conditional_expression { 633 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 634 } 635 | conditional_expression T_SHIFT sys conditional_expression { 636 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 637 } 638 | conditional_expression T_RELATIONAL sys conditional_expression { 639 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 640 } 641 | conditional_expression T_EQUALITY sys conditional_expression { 642 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 643 } 644 | conditional_expression T_AMPER sys conditional_expression { 645 $$ = build_binary($1, BITAND, $3, $4); 646 } 647 | conditional_expression T_BITXOR sys conditional_expression { 648 $$ = build_binary($1, BITXOR, $3, $4); 649 } 650 | conditional_expression T_BITOR sys conditional_expression { 651 $$ = build_binary($1, BITOR, $3, $4); 652 } 653 | conditional_expression T_LOGAND sys conditional_expression { 654 $$ = build_binary($1, LOGAND, $3, $4); 655 } 656 | conditional_expression T_LOGOR sys conditional_expression { 657 $$ = build_binary($1, LOGOR, $3, $4); 658 } 659 | conditional_expression T_QUEST sys 660 expression T_COLON sys conditional_expression { 661 $$ = build_binary($1, QUEST, $3, 662 build_binary($4, COLON, $6, $7)); 663 } 664 ; 665 666 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.16, C11 6.5.16 */ 667 assignment_expression: 668 conditional_expression 669 | unary_expression T_ASSIGN sys assignment_expression { 670 $$ = build_binary($1, ASSIGN, $3, $4); 671 } 672 | unary_expression T_OPASSIGN sys assignment_expression { 673 $$ = build_binary($1, $2, $3, $4); 674 } 675 ; 676 677 /* K&R ???, C90 ???, C99 6.5.17, C11 6.5.17 */ 678 expression: 679 assignment_expression 680 | expression T_COMMA sys assignment_expression { 681 $$ = build_binary($1, COMMA, $3, $4); 682 } 683 ; 684 685 constant_expr: /* C99 6.6 */ 686 conditional_expression 687 ; 688 689 declaration_or_error: 690 declaration 691 | error T_SEMI 692 ; 693 694 declaration: /* C99 6.7 */ 695 begin_type_declmods end_type T_SEMI { 696 if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) { 697 /* typedef declares no type name */ 698 warning(72); 699 } else { 700 /* empty declaration */ 701 warning(2); 702 } 703 } 704 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI { 705 if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) { 706 /* syntax error '%s' */ 707 error(249, "missing base type for typedef"); 708 } else { 709 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 710 error(1); 711 } 712 } 713 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type T_SEMI { 714 if (dcs->d_scl == TYPEDEF) { 715 /* typedef declares no type name */ 716 warning(72); 717 } else if (!dcs->d_nonempty_decl) { 718 /* empty declaration */ 719 warning(2); 720 } 721 } 722 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type 723 type_init_declarators T_SEMI 724 | static_assert_declaration 725 ; 726 727 begin_type_declaration_specifiers: /* see C99 6.7 */ 728 begin_type_typespec { 729 dcs_add_type($1); 730 } 731 | begin_type_declmods type_specifier { 732 dcs_add_type($2); 733 } 734 | type_attribute begin_type_declaration_specifiers 735 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers declmod 736 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers notype_type_specifier { 737 dcs_add_type($2); 738 } 739 ; 740 741 begin_type_declmods: /* see C99 6.7 */ 742 begin_type type_qualifier { 743 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 744 } 745 | begin_type T_SCLASS { 746 dcs_add_storage_class($2); 747 } 748 | begin_type_declmods declmod 749 ; 750 751 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list: /* see C11 6.7.2.1 */ 752 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix 753 | type_attribute_list begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix 754 ; 755 756 begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix: 757 begin_type_typespec { 758 dcs_add_type($1); 759 } 760 | begin_type_qualifier_list type_specifier { 761 dcs_add_type($2); 762 } 763 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix type_qualifier { 764 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 765 } 766 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix notype_type_specifier { 767 dcs_add_type($2); 768 } 769 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list_postfix type_attribute 770 ; 771 772 begin_type_typespec: 773 begin_type notype_type_specifier { 774 $$ = $2; 775 } 776 | begin_type T_TYPENAME { 777 $$ = getsym($2)->s_type; 778 } 779 ; 780 781 begin_type_qualifier_list: 782 begin_type type_qualifier { 783 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 784 } 785 | begin_type_qualifier_list type_qualifier { 786 dcs_add_qualifier($2); 787 } 788 ; 789 790 declmod: 791 type_qualifier { 792 dcs_add_qualifier($1); 793 } 794 | T_SCLASS { 795 dcs_add_storage_class($1); 796 } 797 | type_attribute_list 798 ; 799 800 type_attribute_list_opt: 801 /* empty */ 802 | type_attribute_list 803 ; 804 805 type_attribute_list: 806 type_attribute 807 | type_attribute_list type_attribute 808 ; 809 810 type_attribute_opt: 811 /* empty */ 812 | type_attribute 813 ; 814 815 type_attribute: /* See C11 6.7 declaration-specifiers */ 816 gcc_attribute_specifier 817 | T_ALIGNAS T_LPAREN type_specifier T_RPAREN /* C11 6.7.5 */ 818 | T_ALIGNAS T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN /* C11 6.7.5 */ 819 | T_PACKED { 820 dcs_add_packed(); 821 } 822 | T_NORETURN 823 ; 824 825 begin_type: 826 /* empty */ { 827 dcs_begin_type(); 828 } 829 ; 830 831 end_type: 832 /* empty */ { 833 dcs_end_type(); 834 } 835 ; 836 837 type_specifier: /* C99 6.7.2 */ 838 notype_type_specifier 839 | T_TYPENAME { 840 $$ = getsym($1)->s_type; 841 } 842 ; 843 844 notype_type_specifier: /* see C99 6.7.2 */ 845 T_TYPE { 846 $$ = gettyp($1); 847 } 848 | T_TYPEOF T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { /* GCC extension */ 849 $$ = $3 != NULL ? block_dup_type($3->tn_type) : gettyp(INT); 850 $$->t_typeof = true; 851 } 852 | atomic_type_specifier 853 | struct_or_union_specifier { 854 end_declaration_level(); 855 $$ = $1; 856 } 857 | enum_specifier { 858 end_declaration_level(); 859 $$ = $1; 860 } 861 ; 862 863 /* K&R ---, C90 ---, C99 ---, C11 6.7.2.4 */ 864 atomic_type_specifier: 865 atomic T_LPAREN type_name T_RPAREN { 866 $$ = $3; 867 } 868 ; 869 870 struct_or_union_specifier: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 871 struct_or_union identifier_sym { 872 /* 873 * STDC requires that "struct a;" always introduces 874 * a new tag if "a" is not declared at current level 875 * 876 * yychar is valid because otherwise the parser would not 877 * have been able to decide if it must shift or reduce 878 */ 879 $$ = make_tag_type($2, $1, false, yychar == T_SEMI); 880 } 881 | struct_or_union identifier_sym { 882 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type($2, $1, true, false); 883 } braced_struct_declaration_list { 884 $$ = complete_struct_or_union($4); 885 } 886 | struct_or_union { 887 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type(NULL, $1, true, false); 888 } braced_struct_declaration_list { 889 $$ = complete_struct_or_union($3); 890 } 891 | struct_or_union error { 892 symtyp = FVFT; 893 $$ = gettyp(INT); 894 } 895 ; 896 897 struct_or_union: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 898 T_STRUCT_OR_UNION { 899 symtyp = FTAG; 900 begin_declaration_level($1 == STRUCT ? DLK_STRUCT : DLK_UNION); 901 dcs->d_sou_size_in_bits = 0; 902 dcs->d_sou_align_in_bits = CHAR_SIZE; 903 $$ = $1; 904 } 905 | struct_or_union type_attribute 906 ; 907 908 braced_struct_declaration_list: /* see C99 6.7.2.1 */ 909 struct_declaration_lbrace struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace { 910 $$ = $2; 911 } 912 ; 913 914 struct_declaration_lbrace: /* see C99 6.7.2.1 */ 915 T_LBRACE { 916 symtyp = FVFT; 917 } 918 ; 919 920 struct_declaration_list_with_rbrace: /* see C99 6.7.2.1 */ 921 struct_declaration_list T_RBRACE 922 | T_RBRACE { 923 /* XXX: This is not allowed by any C standard. */ 924 $$ = NULL; 925 } 926 ; 927 928 struct_declaration_list: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 929 struct_declaration 930 | struct_declaration_list struct_declaration { 931 $$ = concat_symbols($1, $2); 932 } 933 ; 934 935 struct_declaration: /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 936 begin_type_qualifier_list end_type { 937 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 938 /* too late, i know, but getsym() compensates it */ 939 symtyp = FMEMBER; 940 } notype_struct_declarators type_attribute_opt T_SEMI { 941 symtyp = FVFT; 942 $$ = $4; 943 } 944 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type { 945 symtyp = FMEMBER; 946 } type_struct_declarators type_attribute_opt T_SEMI { 947 symtyp = FVFT; 948 $$ = $4; 949 } 950 | begin_type_qualifier_list end_type type_attribute_opt T_SEMI { 951 /* syntax error '%s' */ 952 error(249, "member without type"); 953 $$ = NULL; 954 } 955 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type type_attribute_opt 956 T_SEMI { 957 symtyp = FVFT; 958 if (!allow_c11 && !allow_gcc) 959 /* anonymous struct/union members is a C11 feature */ 960 warning(49); 961 if (is_struct_or_union(dcs->d_type->t_tspec)) 962 $$ = declare_unnamed_member(); 963 else { 964 /* syntax error '%s' */ 965 error(249, "unnamed member"); 966 $$ = NULL; 967 } 968 } 969 | static_assert_declaration { 970 $$ = NULL; 971 } 972 | error T_SEMI { 973 symtyp = FVFT; 974 $$ = NULL; 975 } 976 ; 977 978 notype_struct_declarators: 979 notype_struct_declarator { 980 $$ = declare_member($1); 981 } 982 | notype_struct_declarators { 983 symtyp = FMEMBER; 984 } T_COMMA type_struct_declarator { 985 $$ = concat_symbols($1, declare_member($4)); 986 } 987 ; 988 989 type_struct_declarators: 990 type_struct_declarator { 991 $$ = declare_member($1); 992 } 993 | type_struct_declarators { 994 symtyp = FMEMBER; 995 } T_COMMA type_struct_declarator { 996 $$ = concat_symbols($1, declare_member($4)); 997 } 998 ; 999 1000 notype_struct_declarator: 1001 notype_declarator 1002 | notype_declarator T_COLON constant_expr { /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 1003 $$ = set_bit_field_width($1, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1004 } 1005 | { 1006 symtyp = FVFT; 1007 } T_COLON constant_expr { /* C99 6.7.2.1 */ 1008 $$ = set_bit_field_width(NULL, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1009 } 1010 ; 1011 1012 type_struct_declarator: 1013 type_declarator 1014 | type_declarator T_COLON constant_expr { 1015 $$ = set_bit_field_width($1, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1016 } 1017 | { 1018 symtyp = FVFT; 1019 } T_COLON constant_expr { 1020 $$ = set_bit_field_width(NULL, to_int_constant($3, true)); 1021 } 1022 ; 1023 1024 /* K&R ---, C90 6.5.2.2, C99 6.7.2.2, C11 6.7.2.2 */ 1025 enum_specifier: /* C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1026 enum gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt identifier_sym { 1027 $$ = make_tag_type($3, ENUM, false, false); 1028 } 1029 | enum gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt identifier_sym { 1030 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type($3, ENUM, true, false); 1031 } enum_declaration /*gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt*/ { 1032 $$ = complete_enum($5); 1033 } 1034 | enum gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1035 dcs->d_tag_type = make_tag_type(NULL, ENUM, true, false); 1036 } enum_declaration /*gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt*/ { 1037 $$ = complete_enum($4); 1038 } 1039 | enum error { 1040 symtyp = FVFT; 1041 $$ = gettyp(INT); 1042 } 1043 ; 1044 1045 enum: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1046 T_ENUM { 1047 symtyp = FTAG; 1048 begin_declaration_level(DLK_ENUM); 1049 } 1050 ; 1051 1052 enum_declaration: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1053 enum_decl_lbrace enums_with_opt_comma T_RBRACE { 1054 $$ = $2; 1055 } 1056 ; 1057 1058 enum_decl_lbrace: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1059 T_LBRACE { 1060 symtyp = FVFT; 1061 enumval = 0; 1062 } 1063 ; 1064 1065 enums_with_opt_comma: /* helper for C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1066 enumerator_list 1067 | enumerator_list T_COMMA { 1068 if (!allow_c99 && !allow_trad) { 1069 /* trailing ',' prohibited in enum declaration */ 1070 error(54); 1071 } else { 1072 /* trailing ',' prohibited in enum declaration */ 1073 c99ism(54); 1074 } 1075 $$ = $1; 1076 } 1077 ; 1078 1079 enumerator_list: /* C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1080 enumerator 1081 | enumerator_list T_COMMA enumerator { 1082 $$ = concat_symbols($1, $3); 1083 } 1084 | error { 1085 $$ = NULL; 1086 } 1087 ; 1088 1089 enumerator: /* C99 6.7.2.2 */ 1090 identifier_sym gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1091 $$ = enumeration_constant($1, enumval, true); 1092 } 1093 | identifier_sym gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt 1094 T_ASSIGN constant_expr { 1095 $$ = enumeration_constant($1, to_int_constant($4, true), 1096 false); 1097 } 1098 ; 1099 1100 type_qualifier: /* C99 6.7.3 */ 1101 T_QUAL 1102 | atomic { 1103 $$ = ATOMIC; 1104 } 1105 ; 1106 1107 atomic: /* helper */ 1108 T_ATOMIC { 1109 /* TODO: First fix c11ism, then use it here. */ 1110 if (!allow_c11) 1111 /* '_Atomic' requires C11 or later */ 1112 error(350); 1113 } 1114 ; 1115 1116 pointer: /* C99 6.7.5 */ 1117 asterisk type_qualifier_list_opt { 1118 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2); 1119 } 1120 | asterisk type_qualifier_list_opt pointer { 1121 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2); 1122 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($$, $3); 1123 } 1124 ; 1125 1126 asterisk: /* helper for 'pointer' */ 1127 T_ASTERISK { 1128 $$ = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*$$)); 1129 $$->p_pointer = true; 1130 } 1131 ; 1132 1133 type_qualifier_list_opt: /* see C99 6.7.5 */ 1134 /* empty */ { 1135 $$ = NULL; 1136 } 1137 | type_qualifier_list 1138 ; 1139 1140 type_qualifier_list: /* C99 6.7.5 */ 1141 type_qualifier_list_elem 1142 | type_qualifier_list type_qualifier_list_elem { 1143 $$ = merge_qualified_pointer($1, $2); 1144 } 1145 ; 1146 1147 type_qualifier_list_elem: /* helper for 'pointer' */ 1148 type_qualifier { 1149 $$ = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*$$)); 1150 if ($1 == CONST) 1151 $$->p_const = true; 1152 if ($1 == VOLATILE) 1153 $$->p_volatile = true; 1154 } 1155 ; 1156 1157 /* 1158 * For an explanation of 'notype' in the following rules, see 1159 * https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html#Semantic-Tokens. 1160 */ 1161 1162 notype_init_declarators: 1163 notype_init_declarator 1164 | notype_init_declarators T_COMMA type_init_declarator 1165 ; 1166 1167 type_init_declarators: 1168 type_init_declarator 1169 | type_init_declarators T_COMMA type_init_declarator 1170 ; 1171 1172 notype_init_declarator: 1173 notype_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1174 cgram_declare($1, false, $2); 1175 check_size($1); 1176 } 1177 | notype_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1178 begin_initialization($1); 1179 cgram_declare($1, true, $2); 1180 } T_ASSIGN initializer { 1181 check_size($1); 1182 end_initialization(); 1183 } 1184 ; 1185 1186 type_init_declarator: 1187 type_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1188 cgram_declare($1, false, $2); 1189 check_size($1); 1190 } 1191 | type_declarator asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1192 begin_initialization($1); 1193 cgram_declare($1, true, $2); 1194 } T_ASSIGN initializer { 1195 check_size($1); 1196 end_initialization(); 1197 } 1198 ; 1199 1200 notype_declarator: 1201 notype_direct_declarator 1202 | pointer notype_direct_declarator { 1203 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1204 } 1205 ; 1206 1207 type_declarator: 1208 type_direct_declarator 1209 | pointer type_direct_declarator { 1210 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1211 } 1212 ; 1213 1214 notype_direct_declarator: 1215 type_attribute_list_opt T_NAME { 1216 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($2)); 1217 } 1218 | type_attribute_list_opt T_LPAREN type_declarator T_RPAREN { 1219 $$ = $3; 1220 } 1221 | notype_direct_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1222 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1223 } 1224 | notype_direct_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1225 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1226 end_declaration_level(); 1227 block_level--; 1228 } 1229 | notype_direct_declarator type_attribute 1230 ; 1231 1232 type_direct_declarator: 1233 type_attribute_list_opt identifier { 1234 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($2)); 1235 } 1236 | type_attribute_list_opt T_LPAREN type_declarator T_RPAREN { 1237 $$ = $3; 1238 } 1239 | type_direct_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1240 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1241 } 1242 | type_direct_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1243 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1244 end_declaration_level(); 1245 block_level--; 1246 } 1247 | type_direct_declarator type_attribute 1248 ; 1249 1250 /* 1251 * The two distinct rules type_param_declarator and notype_param_declarator 1252 * avoid a conflict in argument lists. A typename enclosed in parentheses is 1253 * always treated as a typename, not an argument name. For example, after 1254 * "typedef double a;", the declaration "f(int (a));" is interpreted as 1255 * "f(int (double));", not "f(int a);". 1256 */ 1257 type_param_declarator: 1258 direct_param_declarator 1259 | pointer direct_param_declarator { 1260 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1261 } 1262 ; 1263 1264 notype_param_declarator: 1265 direct_notype_param_declarator 1266 | pointer direct_notype_param_declarator { 1267 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1268 } 1269 ; 1270 1271 direct_param_declarator: 1272 identifier type_attribute_list { 1273 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($1)); 1274 } 1275 | identifier { 1276 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($1)); 1277 } 1278 | T_LPAREN notype_param_declarator T_RPAREN { 1279 $$ = $2; 1280 } 1281 | direct_param_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK 1282 gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1283 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1284 } 1285 | direct_param_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1286 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1287 end_declaration_level(); 1288 block_level--; 1289 } 1290 ; 1291 1292 direct_notype_param_declarator: 1293 identifier { 1294 $$ = declarator_name(getsym($1)); 1295 } 1296 | T_LPAREN notype_param_declarator T_RPAREN { 1297 $$ = $2; 1298 } 1299 | direct_notype_param_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1300 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1301 } 1302 | direct_notype_param_declarator param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1303 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1304 end_declaration_level(); 1305 block_level--; 1306 } 1307 ; 1308 1309 param_list: 1310 id_list_lparen identifier_list T_RPAREN { 1311 $$ = $2; 1312 } 1313 | abstract_decl_param_list 1314 ; 1315 1316 id_list_lparen: 1317 T_LPAREN { 1318 block_level++; 1319 begin_declaration_level(DLK_PROTO_PARAMS); 1320 } 1321 ; 1322 1323 array_size_opt: 1324 /* empty */ { 1325 $$.has_dim = false; 1326 $$.dim = 0; 1327 } 1328 | T_ASTERISK { 1329 /* since C99; variable length array of unspecified size */ 1330 $$.has_dim = false; /* TODO: maybe change to true */ 1331 $$.dim = 0; /* just as a placeholder */ 1332 } 1333 | array_size { 1334 $$.has_dim = true; 1335 $$.dim = $1 == NULL ? 0 : to_int_constant($1, false); 1336 } 1337 ; 1338 1339 array_size: 1340 type_qualifier_list_opt T_SCLASS constant_expr { 1341 /* C11 6.7.6.3p7 */ 1342 if ($2 != STATIC) 1343 yyerror("Bad attribute"); 1344 /* static array size is a C11 extension */ 1345 c11ism(343); 1346 $$ = $3; 1347 } 1348 | type_qualifier { 1349 /* C11 6.7.6.2 */ 1350 if ($1 != RESTRICT) 1351 yyerror("Bad attribute"); 1352 $$ = NULL; 1353 } 1354 | constant_expr 1355 ; 1356 1357 identifier_list: /* C99 6.7.5 */ 1358 T_NAME { 1359 $$ = old_style_function_parameter_name(getsym($1)); 1360 } 1361 | identifier_list T_COMMA T_NAME { 1362 $$ = concat_symbols($1, 1363 old_style_function_parameter_name(getsym($3))); 1364 } 1365 | identifier_list error 1366 ; 1367 1368 /* XXX: C99 requires an additional specifier-qualifier-list. */ 1369 type_name: /* C99 6.7.6 */ 1370 { 1371 begin_declaration_level(DLK_ABSTRACT); 1372 } abstract_declaration { 1373 end_declaration_level(); 1374 $$ = $2->s_type; 1375 } 1376 ; 1377 1378 abstract_declaration: /* specific to lint */ 1379 begin_type_qualifier_list end_type { 1380 $$ = declare_abstract_type(abstract_name()); 1381 } 1382 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type { 1383 $$ = declare_abstract_type(abstract_name()); 1384 } 1385 | begin_type_qualifier_list end_type abstract_declarator { 1386 $$ = declare_abstract_type($3); 1387 } 1388 | begin_type_specifier_qualifier_list end_type abstract_declarator { 1389 $$ = declare_abstract_type($3); 1390 } 1391 ; 1392 1393 /* K&R 8.7, C90 ???, C99 6.7.6, C11 6.7.7 */ 1394 /* In K&R, abstract-declarator could be empty and was still simpler. */ 1395 abstract_declarator: 1396 pointer { 1397 $$ = add_pointer(abstract_name(), $1); 1398 } 1399 | direct_abstract_declarator 1400 | pointer direct_abstract_declarator { 1401 $$ = add_pointer($2, $1); 1402 } 1403 | type_attribute_list direct_abstract_declarator { 1404 $$ = $2; 1405 } 1406 | pointer type_attribute_list direct_abstract_declarator { 1407 $$ = add_pointer($3, $1); 1408 } 1409 ; 1410 1411 /* K&R ---, C90 ???, C99 6.7.6, C11 6.7.7 */ 1412 direct_abstract_declarator: 1413 /* TODO: sort rules according to C99 */ 1414 T_LPAREN abstract_declarator T_RPAREN { 1415 $$ = $2; 1416 } 1417 | T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1418 $$ = add_array(abstract_name(), $2.has_dim, $2.dim); 1419 } 1420 | direct_abstract_declarator T_LBRACK array_size_opt T_RBRACK { 1421 $$ = add_array($1, $3.has_dim, $3.dim); 1422 } 1423 | abstract_decl_param_list asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1424 $$ = add_function(symbolrename(abstract_name(), $2), $1); 1425 end_declaration_level(); 1426 block_level--; 1427 } 1428 | direct_abstract_declarator abstract_decl_param_list 1429 asm_or_symbolrename_opt { 1430 $$ = add_function(symbolrename($1, $3), $2); 1431 end_declaration_level(); 1432 block_level--; 1433 } 1434 | direct_abstract_declarator type_attribute_list 1435 ; 1436 1437 abstract_decl_param_list: /* specific to lint */ 1438 abstract_decl_lparen T_RPAREN type_attribute_opt { 1439 $$ = NULL; 1440 } 1441 | abstract_decl_lparen vararg_parameter_type_list T_RPAREN 1442 type_attribute_opt { 1443 dcs->d_prototype = true; 1444 $$ = $2; 1445 } 1446 | abstract_decl_lparen error T_RPAREN type_attribute_opt { 1447 $$ = NULL; 1448 } 1449 ; 1450 1451 abstract_decl_lparen: /* specific to lint */ 1452 T_LPAREN { 1453 block_level++; 1454 begin_declaration_level(DLK_PROTO_PARAMS); 1455 } 1456 ; 1457 1458 vararg_parameter_type_list: /* specific to lint */ 1459 parameter_type_list 1460 | parameter_type_list T_COMMA T_ELLIPSIS { 1461 dcs->d_vararg = true; 1462 $$ = $1; 1463 } 1464 | T_ELLIPSIS { 1465 /* TODO: C99 6.7.5 makes this an error as well. */ 1466 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 1467 /* ANSI C requires formal parameter before '...' */ 1468 error(84); 1469 } else if (allow_c90) { 1470 /* ANSI C requires formal parameter before '...' */ 1471 warning(84); 1472 } 1473 dcs->d_vararg = true; 1474 $$ = NULL; 1475 } 1476 ; 1477 1478 /* XXX: C99 6.7.5 defines the same name, but it looks different. */ 1479 parameter_type_list: 1480 parameter_declaration 1481 | parameter_type_list T_COMMA parameter_declaration { 1482 $$ = concat_symbols($1, $3); 1483 } 1484 ; 1485 1486 /* XXX: C99 6.7.5 defines the same name, but it looks completely different. */ 1487 parameter_declaration: 1488 begin_type_declmods end_type { 1489 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 1490 $$ = declare_argument(abstract_name(), false); 1491 } 1492 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type { 1493 $$ = declare_argument(abstract_name(), false); 1494 } 1495 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_param_declarator { 1496 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 1497 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1498 } 1499 /* 1500 * type_param_declarator is needed because of following conflict: 1501 * "typedef int a; f(int (a));" could be parsed as 1502 * "function with argument a of type int", or 1503 * "function with an abstract argument of type function". 1504 * This grammar realizes the second case. 1505 */ 1506 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type type_param_declarator { 1507 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1508 } 1509 | begin_type_declmods end_type abstract_declarator { 1510 /* ^^ There is no check for the missing type-specifier. */ 1511 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1512 } 1513 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type abstract_declarator { 1514 $$ = declare_argument($3, false); 1515 } 1516 ; 1517 1518 initializer: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1519 assignment_expression { 1520 init_expr($1); 1521 } 1522 | init_lbrace init_rbrace { 1523 /* XXX: Empty braces are not covered by C99 6.7.8. */ 1524 } 1525 | init_lbrace initializer_list comma_opt init_rbrace 1526 /* XXX: What is this error handling for? */ 1527 | error 1528 ; 1529 1530 initializer_list: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1531 initializer_list_item 1532 | initializer_list T_COMMA initializer_list_item 1533 ; 1534 1535 initializer_list_item: /* helper */ 1536 designation initializer 1537 | initializer 1538 ; 1539 1540 designation: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1541 begin_designation designator_list T_ASSIGN 1542 | identifier T_COLON { 1543 /* GCC style struct or union member name in initializer */ 1544 gnuism(315); 1545 begin_designation(); 1546 add_designator_member($1); 1547 } 1548 ; 1549 1550 begin_designation: /* lint-specific helper */ 1551 /* empty */ { 1552 begin_designation(); 1553 } 1554 ; 1555 1556 designator_list: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1557 designator 1558 | designator_list designator 1559 ; 1560 1561 designator: /* C99 6.7.8 "Initialization" */ 1562 T_LBRACK range T_RBRACK { 1563 if (!allow_c99) 1564 /* array initializer with designators is a C99 ... */ 1565 warning(321); 1566 add_designator_subscript($2); 1567 } 1568 | T_POINT identifier { 1569 if (!allow_c99) 1570 /* struct or union member name in initializer is ... */ 1571 warning(313); 1572 add_designator_member($2); 1573 } 1574 ; 1575 1576 static_assert_declaration: 1577 T_STATIC_ASSERT T_LPAREN constant_expr T_COMMA T_STRING T_RPAREN T_SEMI /* C11 */ 1578 | T_STATIC_ASSERT T_LPAREN constant_expr T_RPAREN T_SEMI /* C23 */ 1579 ; 1580 1581 range: 1582 constant_expr { 1583 $$.lo = to_int_constant($1, true); 1584 $$.hi = $$.lo; 1585 } 1586 | constant_expr T_ELLIPSIS constant_expr { 1587 $$.lo = to_int_constant($1, true); 1588 $$.hi = to_int_constant($3, true); 1589 /* initialization with '[a...b]' is a GCC extension */ 1590 gnuism(340); 1591 } 1592 ; 1593 1594 init_lbrace: /* helper */ 1595 T_LBRACE { 1596 init_lbrace(); 1597 } 1598 ; 1599 1600 init_rbrace: /* helper */ 1601 T_RBRACE { 1602 init_rbrace(); 1603 } 1604 ; 1605 1606 asm_or_symbolrename_opt: /* GCC extensions */ 1607 /* empty */ { 1608 $$ = NULL; 1609 } 1610 | T_ASM T_LPAREN T_STRING T_RPAREN gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1611 freeyyv(&$3, T_STRING); 1612 $$ = NULL; 1613 } 1614 | T_SYMBOLRENAME T_LPAREN T_NAME T_RPAREN 1615 gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt { 1616 $$ = $3; 1617 } 1618 ; 1619 1620 statement: /* C99 6.8 */ 1621 expression_statement 1622 | non_expr_statement 1623 ; 1624 1625 non_expr_statement: /* helper for C99 6.8 */ 1626 gcc_attribute_specifier /* ((__fallthrough__)) */ T_SEMI 1627 | labeled_statement 1628 | compound_statement 1629 | selection_statement 1630 | iteration_statement 1631 | jump_statement { 1632 seen_fallthrough = false; 1633 } 1634 | asm_statement 1635 ; 1636 1637 labeled_statement: /* C99 6.8.1 */ 1638 label gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt statement 1639 ; 1640 1641 label: 1642 T_NAME T_COLON { 1643 symtyp = FLABEL; 1644 named_label(getsym($1)); 1645 } 1646 | T_CASE constant_expr T_COLON { 1647 case_label($2); 1648 seen_fallthrough = true; 1649 } 1650 | T_CASE constant_expr T_ELLIPSIS constant_expr T_COLON { 1651 /* XXX: We don't fill all cases */ 1652 case_label($2); 1653 seen_fallthrough = true; 1654 } 1655 | T_DEFAULT T_COLON { 1656 default_label(); 1657 seen_fallthrough = true; 1658 } 1659 ; 1660 1661 compound_statement: /* C99 6.8.2 */ 1662 compound_statement_lbrace compound_statement_rbrace 1663 | compound_statement_lbrace block_item_list compound_statement_rbrace 1664 ; 1665 1666 compound_statement_lbrace: 1667 T_LBRACE { 1668 block_level++; 1669 mem_block_level++; 1670 begin_declaration_level(DLK_AUTO); 1671 } 1672 ; 1673 1674 compound_statement_rbrace: 1675 T_RBRACE { 1676 end_declaration_level(); 1677 level_free_all(mem_block_level); 1678 mem_block_level--; 1679 block_level--; 1680 seen_fallthrough = false; 1681 } 1682 ; 1683 1684 block_item_list: /* C99 6.8.2 */ 1685 block_item 1686 | block_item_list block_item { 1687 if ($1 && !$2) 1688 /* declarations after statements is a C99 feature */ 1689 c99ism(327); 1690 $$ = $1 || $2; 1691 } 1692 ; 1693 1694 block_item: /* C99 6.8.2 */ 1695 declaration_or_error { 1696 $$ = false; 1697 restore_warning_flags(); 1698 } 1699 | statement { 1700 $$ = true; 1701 restore_warning_flags(); 1702 } 1703 ; 1704 1705 expression_statement: /* C99 6.8.3 */ 1706 expression T_SEMI { 1707 expr($1, false, false, false, false); 1708 seen_fallthrough = false; 1709 } 1710 | T_SEMI { 1711 check_statement_reachable(); 1712 seen_fallthrough = false; 1713 } 1714 ; 1715 1716 selection_statement: /* C99 6.8.4 */ 1717 if_without_else %prec T_THEN { 1718 save_warning_flags(); 1719 stmt_if_then_stmt(); 1720 stmt_if_else_stmt(false); 1721 } 1722 | if_without_else T_ELSE { 1723 save_warning_flags(); 1724 stmt_if_then_stmt(); 1725 } statement { 1726 clear_warning_flags(); 1727 stmt_if_else_stmt(true); 1728 } 1729 | if_without_else T_ELSE error { 1730 clear_warning_flags(); 1731 stmt_if_else_stmt(false); 1732 } 1733 | switch_expr statement { 1734 clear_warning_flags(); 1735 stmt_switch_expr_stmt(); 1736 } 1737 | switch_expr error { 1738 clear_warning_flags(); 1739 stmt_switch_expr_stmt(); 1740 } 1741 ; 1742 1743 if_without_else: /* see C99 6.8.4 */ 1744 if_expr statement 1745 | if_expr error 1746 ; 1747 1748 if_expr: /* see C99 6.8.4 */ 1749 T_IF T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 1750 stmt_if_expr($3); 1751 clear_warning_flags(); 1752 } 1753 ; 1754 1755 switch_expr: /* see C99 6.8.4 */ 1756 T_SWITCH T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 1757 stmt_switch_expr($3); 1758 clear_warning_flags(); 1759 } 1760 ; 1761 1762 iteration_statement: /* C99 6.8.5 */ 1763 while_expr statement { 1764 clear_warning_flags(); 1765 stmt_while_expr_stmt(); 1766 } 1767 | while_expr error { 1768 clear_warning_flags(); 1769 stmt_while_expr_stmt(); 1770 } 1771 | do_statement do_while_expr { 1772 stmt_do_while_expr($2); 1773 seen_fallthrough = false; 1774 } 1775 | do error { 1776 clear_warning_flags(); 1777 stmt_do_while_expr(NULL); 1778 } 1779 | for_exprs statement { 1780 clear_warning_flags(); 1781 stmt_for_exprs_stmt(); 1782 end_declaration_level(); 1783 block_level--; 1784 } 1785 | for_exprs error { 1786 clear_warning_flags(); 1787 stmt_for_exprs_stmt(); 1788 end_declaration_level(); 1789 block_level--; 1790 } 1791 ; 1792 1793 while_expr: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1794 T_WHILE T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN { 1795 stmt_while_expr($3); 1796 clear_warning_flags(); 1797 } 1798 ; 1799 1800 do_statement: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1801 do statement { 1802 clear_warning_flags(); 1803 } 1804 ; 1805 1806 do: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1807 T_DO { 1808 stmt_do(); 1809 } 1810 ; 1811 1812 do_while_expr: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1813 T_WHILE T_LPAREN expression T_RPAREN T_SEMI { 1814 $$ = $3; 1815 } 1816 ; 1817 1818 for_start: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1819 T_FOR T_LPAREN { 1820 begin_declaration_level(DLK_AUTO); 1821 block_level++; 1822 } 1823 ; 1824 1825 for_exprs: /* see C99 6.8.5 */ 1826 for_start 1827 begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type 1828 notype_init_declarators T_SEMI 1829 expression_opt T_SEMI 1830 expression_opt T_RPAREN { 1831 /* variable declaration in for loop */ 1832 c99ism(325); 1833 stmt_for_exprs(NULL, $6, $8); 1834 clear_warning_flags(); 1835 } 1836 | for_start 1837 expression_opt T_SEMI 1838 expression_opt T_SEMI 1839 expression_opt T_RPAREN { 1840 stmt_for_exprs($2, $4, $6); 1841 clear_warning_flags(); 1842 } 1843 ; 1844 1845 jump_statement: /* C99 6.8.6 */ 1846 goto identifier T_SEMI { 1847 stmt_goto(getsym($2)); 1848 } 1849 | goto error T_SEMI { 1850 symtyp = FVFT; 1851 } 1852 | T_CONTINUE T_SEMI { 1853 stmt_continue(); 1854 } 1855 | T_BREAK T_SEMI { 1856 stmt_break(); 1857 } 1858 | T_RETURN sys T_SEMI { 1859 stmt_return($2, NULL); 1860 } 1861 | T_RETURN sys expression T_SEMI { 1862 stmt_return($2, $3); 1863 } 1864 ; 1865 1866 goto: /* see C99 6.8.6 */ 1867 T_GOTO { 1868 symtyp = FLABEL; 1869 } 1870 ; 1871 1872 asm_statement: /* GCC extension */ 1873 T_ASM T_LPAREN read_until_rparen T_SEMI { 1874 dcs_set_asm(); 1875 } 1876 | T_ASM type_qualifier T_LPAREN read_until_rparen T_SEMI { 1877 dcs_set_asm(); 1878 } 1879 | T_ASM error 1880 ; 1881 1882 read_until_rparen: /* helper for 'asm_statement' */ 1883 /* empty */ { 1884 read_until_rparen(); 1885 } 1886 ; 1887 1888 translation_unit: /* C99 6.9 */ 1889 external_declaration 1890 | translation_unit external_declaration 1891 ; 1892 1893 external_declaration: /* C99 6.9 */ 1894 function_definition { 1895 global_clean_up_decl(false); 1896 clear_warning_flags(); 1897 } 1898 | top_level_declaration { 1899 global_clean_up_decl(false); 1900 clear_warning_flags(); 1901 } 1902 | asm_statement /* GCC extension */ 1903 | T_SEMI { /* GCC extension */ 1904 /* 1905 * TODO: Only allow this in GCC mode, not in plain C99. 1906 * This is one of the top 10 warnings in the NetBSD build. 1907 */ 1908 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 1909 /* empty declaration */ 1910 error(0); 1911 } else if (allow_c90) { 1912 /* empty declaration */ 1913 warning(0); 1914 } 1915 } 1916 ; 1917 1918 /* 1919 * On the top level, lint allows several forms of declarations that it doesn't 1920 * allow in functions. For example, a single ';' is an empty declaration and 1921 * is supported by some compilers, but in a function it would be an empty 1922 * statement, not a declaration. This makes a difference in C90 mode, where 1923 * a statement must not be followed by a declaration. 1924 * 1925 * See 'declaration' for all other declarations. 1926 */ 1927 top_level_declaration: /* C99 6.9 calls this 'declaration' */ 1928 begin_type end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI { 1929 /* TODO: Make this an error in C99 mode as well. */ 1930 if (!allow_trad && !allow_c99) { 1931 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1932 error(1); 1933 } else if (allow_c90) { 1934 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1935 warning(1); 1936 } 1937 } 1938 | declaration 1939 | error T_SEMI { 1940 global_clean_up(); 1941 } 1942 | error T_RBRACE { 1943 global_clean_up(); 1944 } 1945 ; 1946 1947 function_definition: /* C99 6.9.1 */ 1948 func_declarator { 1949 if ($1->s_type->t_tspec != FUNC) { 1950 /* syntax error '%s' */ 1951 error(249, yytext); 1952 YYERROR; 1953 } 1954 if ($1->s_type->t_typedef) { 1955 /* ()-less function definition */ 1956 error(64); 1957 YYERROR; 1958 } 1959 begin_function($1); 1960 block_level++; 1961 begin_declaration_level(DLK_OLD_STYLE_ARGS); 1962 if (lwarn == LWARN_NONE) 1963 $1->s_used = true; 1964 } arg_declaration_list_opt { 1965 end_declaration_level(); 1966 block_level--; 1967 check_func_lint_directives(); 1968 check_func_old_style_arguments(); 1969 begin_control_statement(CS_FUNCTION_BODY); 1970 } compound_statement { 1971 end_function(); 1972 end_control_statement(CS_FUNCTION_BODY); 1973 } 1974 ; 1975 1976 func_declarator: 1977 begin_type end_type notype_declarator { 1978 if (!allow_trad) { 1979 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1980 error(1); 1981 } 1982 $$ = $3; 1983 } 1984 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_declarator { 1985 if (!allow_trad) { 1986 /* old-style declaration; add 'int' */ 1987 error(1); 1988 } 1989 $$ = $3; 1990 } 1991 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type type_declarator { 1992 $$ = $3; 1993 } 1994 ; 1995 1996 arg_declaration_list_opt: /* C99 6.9.1p13 example 1 */ 1997 /* empty */ 1998 | arg_declaration_list 1999 ; 2000 2001 arg_declaration_list: /* C99 6.9.1p13 example 1 */ 2002 arg_declaration 2003 | arg_declaration_list arg_declaration 2004 /* XXX or better "arg_declaration error" ? */ 2005 | error 2006 ; 2007 2008 /* 2009 * "arg_declaration" is separated from "declaration" because it 2010 * needs other error handling. 2011 */ 2012 arg_declaration: 2013 begin_type_declmods end_type T_SEMI { 2014 /* empty declaration */ 2015 warning(2); 2016 } 2017 | begin_type_declmods end_type notype_init_declarators T_SEMI 2018 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type T_SEMI { 2019 if (!dcs->d_nonempty_decl) { 2020 /* empty declaration */ 2021 warning(2); 2022 } else { 2023 /* '%s' declared in argument declaration list */ 2024 warning(3, type_name(dcs->d_type)); 2025 } 2026 } 2027 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers end_type 2028 type_init_declarators T_SEMI { 2029 if (dcs->d_nonempty_decl) { 2030 /* '%s' declared in argument declaration list */ 2031 warning(3, type_name(dcs->d_type)); 2032 } 2033 } 2034 | begin_type_declmods error 2035 | begin_type_declaration_specifiers error 2036 ; 2037 2038 /* https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Attribute-Syntax.html */ 2039 gcc_attribute_specifier_list_opt: 2040 /* empty */ 2041 | gcc_attribute_specifier_list 2042 ; 2043 2044 gcc_attribute_specifier_list: 2045 gcc_attribute_specifier 2046 | gcc_attribute_specifier_list gcc_attribute_specifier 2047 ; 2048 2049 gcc_attribute_specifier: 2050 T_ATTRIBUTE T_LPAREN T_LPAREN { 2051 in_gcc_attribute = true; 2052 } gcc_attribute_list { 2053 in_gcc_attribute = false; 2054 } T_RPAREN T_RPAREN 2055 ; 2056 2057 gcc_attribute_list: 2058 gcc_attribute 2059 | gcc_attribute_list T_COMMA gcc_attribute 2060 ; 2061 2062 gcc_attribute: 2063 /* empty */ 2064 | T_NAME { 2065 const char *name = $1->sb_name; 2066 if (is_either(name, "packed", "__packed__")) 2067 dcs_add_packed(); 2068 else if (is_either(name, "used", "__used__") || 2069 is_either(name, "unused", "__unused__")) 2070 dcs_set_used(); 2071 else if (is_either(name, "fallthrough", "__fallthrough__")) 2072 fallthru(1); 2073 } 2074 | T_NAME T_LPAREN T_RPAREN 2075 | T_NAME T_LPAREN gcc_attribute_parameters T_RPAREN 2076 | type_qualifier { 2077 if ($1 != CONST) 2078 yyerror("Bad attribute"); 2079 } 2080 ; 2081 2082 gcc_attribute_parameters: 2083 constant_expr 2084 | gcc_attribute_parameters T_COMMA constant_expr 2085 ; 2086 2087 sys: 2088 /* empty */ { 2089 $$ = in_system_header; 2090 } 2091 ; 2092 2093 %% 2094 2095 /* ARGSUSED */ 2096 int 2097 yyerror(const char *msg) 2098 { 2099 /* syntax error '%s' */ 2100 error(249, yytext); 2101 if (++sytxerr >= 5) 2102 norecover(); 2103 return 0; 2104 } 2105 2106 #if YYDEBUG && (YYBYACC || YYBISON) 2107 static const char * 2108 cgram_to_string(int token, YYSTYPE val) 2109 { 2110 2111 switch (token) { 2112 case T_INCDEC: 2113 case T_MULTIPLICATIVE: 2114 case T_ADDITIVE: 2115 case T_SHIFT: 2116 case T_RELATIONAL: 2117 case T_EQUALITY: 2118 case T_OPASSIGN: 2119 return modtab[val.y_op].m_name; 2120 case T_SCLASS: 2121 return scl_name(val.y_scl); 2122 case T_TYPE: 2123 case T_STRUCT_OR_UNION: 2124 return tspec_name(val.y_tspec); 2125 case T_QUAL: 2126 return tqual_name(val.y_tqual); 2127 case T_NAME: 2128 return val.y_name->sb_name; 2129 default: 2130 return "<none>"; 2131 } 2132 } 2133 #endif 2134 2135 #if YYDEBUG && YYBISON 2136 static inline void 2137 cgram_print(FILE *output, int token, YYSTYPE val) 2138 { 2139 (void)fprintf(output, "%s", cgram_to_string(token, val)); 2140 } 2141 #endif 2142 2143 static void 2144 cgram_declare(sym_t *decl, bool has_initializer, sbuf_t *renaming) 2145 { 2146 declare(decl, has_initializer, renaming); 2147 if (renaming != NULL) 2148 freeyyv(&renaming, T_NAME); 2149 } 2150 2151 /* 2152 * Discard all input tokens up to and including the next 2153 * unmatched right paren 2154 */ 2155 static void 2156 read_until_rparen(void) 2157 { 2158 int level; 2159 2160 if (yychar < 0) 2161 yychar = yylex(); 2162 freeyyv(&yylval, yychar); 2163 2164 level = 1; 2165 while (yychar > 0) { 2166 if (yychar == T_LPAREN) 2167 level++; 2168 if (yychar == T_RPAREN && --level == 0) 2169 break; 2170 freeyyv(&yylval, yychar = yylex()); 2171 } 2172 2173 yyclearin; 2174 } 2175 2176 static sym_t * 2177 symbolrename(sym_t *s, sbuf_t *sb) 2178 { 2179 if (sb != NULL) 2180 s->s_rename = sb->sb_name; 2181 return s; 2182 } 2183
Indexes created Fri Oct 03 02:09:57 GMT 2025