dumplfs.c revision 1.2 1 /*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 * must display the following acknowledgement:
15 * This product includes software developed by the University of
16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 * without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 */
33
34 #ifndef lint
35 static char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
37 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39
40 #ifndef lint
41 /*static char sccsid[] = "from: @(#)dumplfs.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";*/
42 static char *rcsid = "$Id: dumplfs.c,v 1.2 1994/09/23 02:18:37 mycroft Exp $";
43 #endif /* not lint */
44
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/ucred.h>
47 #include <sys/mount.h>
48 #include <sys/time.h>
49
50 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
51 #include <ufs/lfs/lfs.h>
52
53 #include <err.h>
54 #include <errno.h>
55 #include <fcntl.h>
56 #include <fstab.h>
57 #include <stdlib.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 #include "extern.h"
62
63 static void addseg __P((char *));
64 static void dump_cleaner_info __P((struct lfs *, void *));
65 static void dump_dinode __P((struct dinode *));
66 static void dump_ifile __P((int, struct lfs *, int));
67 static int dump_ipage_ifile __P((int, IFILE *, int));
68 static int dump_ipage_segusage __P((struct lfs *, int, IFILE *, int));
69 static void dump_segment __P((int, int, daddr_t, struct lfs *, int));
70 static int dump_sum __P((int, struct lfs *, SEGSUM *, int, daddr_t));
71 static void dump_super __P((struct lfs *));
72 static void usage __P((void));
73
74 typedef struct seglist SEGLIST;
75 struct seglist {
76 SEGLIST *next;
77 int num;
78 };
79 SEGLIST *seglist;
80
81 int daddr_shift;
82 char *special;
83
84 /* Segment Usage formats */
85 #define print_suheader \
86 (void)printf("segnum\tflags\tnbytes\tninos\tnsums\tlastmod\n")
87
88 #define print_suentry(i, sp) \
89 (void)printf("%d\t%c%c%c\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%s", i, \
90 (((sp)->su_flags & SEGUSE_ACTIVE) ? 'A' : ' '), \
91 (((sp)->su_flags & SEGUSE_DIRTY) ? 'D' : 'C'), \
92 (((sp)->su_flags & SEGUSE_SUPERBLOCK) ? 'S' : ' '), \
93 (sp)->su_nbytes, (sp)->su_ninos, (sp)->su_nsums, \
94 ctime((time_t *)&(sp)->su_lastmod))
95
96 /* Ifile formats */
97 #define print_iheader \
98 (void)printf("inum\tstatus\tversion\tdaddr\t\tfreeptr\n")
99 #define print_ientry(i, ip) \
100 if (ip->if_daddr == LFS_UNUSED_DADDR) \
101 (void)printf("%d\tFREE\t%d\t \t\t%d\n", \
102 i, ip->if_version, ip->if_nextfree); \
103 else \
104 (void)printf("%d\tINUSE\t%d\t%8X \n", \
105 i, ip->if_version, ip->if_daddr)
106 int
107 main(argc, argv)
108 int argc;
109 char *argv[];
110 {
111 struct lfs lfs_sb1, lfs_sb2, *lfs_master;
112 daddr_t seg_addr;
113 int ch, do_allsb, do_ientries, fd, segnum;
114
115 do_allsb = 0;
116 do_ientries = 0;
117 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ais:")) != -1)
118 switch(ch) {
119 case 'a': /* Dump all superblocks */
120 do_allsb = 1;
121 break;
122 case 'i': /* Dump ifile entries */
123 do_ientries = 1;
124 break;
125 case 's': /* Dump out these segments */
126 addseg(optarg);
127 break;
128 default:
129 usage();
130 }
131 argc -= optind;
132 argv += optind;
133
134 if (argc != 1)
135 usage();
136
137 special = argv[0];
138 if ((fd = open(special, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
139 err(1, "%s", special);
140
141 /* Read the first superblock */
142 get(fd, LFS_LABELPAD, &lfs_sb1, sizeof(struct lfs));
143 daddr_shift = lfs_sb1.lfs_bshift - lfs_sb1.lfs_fsbtodb;
144
145 /*
146 * Read the second superblock and figure out which check point is
147 * most up to date.
148 */
149 get(fd,
150 lfs_sb1.lfs_sboffs[1] << daddr_shift, &lfs_sb2, sizeof(struct lfs));
151
152 lfs_master = &lfs_sb1;
153 if (lfs_sb1.lfs_tstamp < lfs_sb2.lfs_tstamp)
154 lfs_master = &lfs_sb2;
155
156 (void)printf("Master Superblock:\n");
157 dump_super(lfs_master);
158
159 dump_ifile(fd, lfs_master, do_ientries);
160
161 if (seglist != NULL)
162 for (; seglist != NULL; seglist = seglist->next) {
163 seg_addr = lfs_master->lfs_sboffs[0] + seglist->num *
164 (lfs_master->lfs_ssize << lfs_master->lfs_fsbtodb);
165 dump_segment(fd,
166 seglist->num, seg_addr, lfs_master, do_allsb);
167 }
168 else
169 for (segnum = 0, seg_addr = lfs_master->lfs_sboffs[0];
170 segnum < lfs_master->lfs_nseg; segnum++, seg_addr +=
171 lfs_master->lfs_ssize << lfs_master->lfs_fsbtodb)
172 dump_segment(fd,
173 segnum, seg_addr, lfs_master, do_allsb);
174
175 (void)close(fd);
176 exit(0);
177 }
178
179 /*
180 * We are reading all the blocks of an inode and dumping out the ifile table.
181 * This code could be tighter, but this is a first pass at getting the stuff
182 * printed out rather than making this code incredibly efficient.
183 */
184 static void
185 dump_ifile(fd, lfsp, do_ientries)
186 int fd;
187 struct lfs *lfsp;
188 int do_ientries;
189 {
190 IFILE *ipage;
191 struct dinode *dip, *dpage;
192 daddr_t addr, *addrp, *dindir, *iaddrp, *indir;
193 int block_limit, i, inum, j, nblocks, nsupb, psize;
194
195 psize = lfsp->lfs_bsize;
196 addr = lfsp->lfs_idaddr;
197
198 if (!(dpage = malloc(psize)))
199 err(1, "malloc");
200 get(fd, addr << daddr_shift, dpage, psize);
201
202 for (dip = dpage + INOPB(lfsp) - 1; dip >= dpage; --dip)
203 if (dip->di_inumber == LFS_IFILE_INUM)
204 break;
205
206 if (dip < dpage)
207 errx(1, "unable to locate ifile inode");
208
209 (void)printf("\nIFILE inode\n");
210 dump_dinode(dip);
211
212 (void)printf("\nIFILE contents\n");
213 nblocks = dip->di_size >> lfsp->lfs_bshift;
214 block_limit = MIN(nblocks, NDADDR);
215
216 /* Get the direct block */
217 if ((ipage = malloc(psize)) == NULL)
218 err(1, "malloc");
219 for (inum = 0, addrp = dip->di_db, i = 0; i < block_limit;
220 i++, addrp++) {
221 get(fd, *addrp << daddr_shift, ipage, psize);
222 if (i < lfsp->lfs_cleansz) {
223 dump_cleaner_info(lfsp, ipage);
224 print_suheader;
225 continue;
226 }
227
228 if (i < (lfsp->lfs_segtabsz + lfsp->lfs_cleansz)) {
229 inum = dump_ipage_segusage(lfsp, inum, ipage,
230 lfsp->lfs_sepb);
231 if (!inum)
232 if(!do_ientries)
233 goto e0;
234 else
235 print_iheader;
236 } else
237 inum = dump_ipage_ifile(inum, ipage, lfsp->lfs_ifpb);
238
239 }
240
241 if (nblocks <= NDADDR)
242 goto e0;
243
244 /* Dump out blocks off of single indirect block */
245 if (!(indir = malloc(psize)))
246 err(1, "malloc");
247 get(fd, dip->di_ib[0] << daddr_shift, indir, psize);
248 block_limit = MIN(i + lfsp->lfs_nindir, nblocks);
249 for (addrp = indir; i < block_limit; i++, addrp++) {
250 if (*addrp == LFS_UNUSED_DADDR)
251 break;
252 get(fd, *addrp << daddr_shift,ipage, psize);
253 if (i < lfsp->lfs_cleansz) {
254 dump_cleaner_info(lfsp, ipage);
255 continue;
256 } else
257 i -= lfsp->lfs_cleansz;
258
259 if (i < lfsp->lfs_segtabsz) {
260 inum = dump_ipage_segusage(lfsp, inum, ipage,
261 lfsp->lfs_sepb);
262 if (!inum)
263 if(!do_ientries)
264 goto e1;
265 else
266 print_iheader;
267 } else
268 inum = dump_ipage_ifile(inum, ipage, lfsp->lfs_ifpb);
269 }
270
271 if (nblocks <= lfsp->lfs_nindir * lfsp->lfs_ifpb)
272 goto e1;
273
274 /* Get the double indirect block */
275 if (!(dindir = malloc(psize)))
276 err(1, "malloc");
277 get(fd, dip->di_ib[1] << daddr_shift, dindir, psize);
278 for (iaddrp = dindir, j = 0; j < lfsp->lfs_nindir; j++, iaddrp++) {
279 if (*iaddrp == LFS_UNUSED_DADDR)
280 break;
281 get(fd, *iaddrp << daddr_shift, indir, psize);
282 block_limit = MIN(i + lfsp->lfs_nindir, nblocks);
283 for (addrp = indir; i < block_limit; i++, addrp++) {
284 if (*addrp == LFS_UNUSED_DADDR)
285 break;
286 get(fd, *addrp << daddr_shift, ipage, psize);
287 if (i < lfsp->lfs_cleansz) {
288 dump_cleaner_info(lfsp, ipage);
289 continue;
290 } else
291 i -= lfsp->lfs_cleansz;
292
293 if (i < lfsp->lfs_segtabsz) {
294 inum = dump_ipage_segusage(lfsp,
295 inum, ipage, lfsp->lfs_sepb);
296 if (!inum)
297 if(!do_ientries)
298 goto e2;
299 else
300 print_iheader;
301 } else
302 inum = dump_ipage_ifile(inum,
303 ipage, lfsp->lfs_ifpb);
304 }
305 }
306 e2: free(dindir);
307 e1: free(indir);
308 e0: free(dpage);
309 free(ipage);
310 }
311
312 static int
313 dump_ipage_ifile(i, pp, tot)
314 int i;
315 IFILE *pp;
316 int tot;
317 {
318 IFILE *ip;
319 int cnt, max;
320
321 max = i + tot;
322
323 for (ip = pp, cnt = i; cnt < max; cnt++, ip++)
324 print_ientry(cnt, ip);
325 return (max);
326 }
327
328 static int
329 dump_ipage_segusage(lfsp, i, pp, tot)
330 struct lfs *lfsp;
331 int i;
332 IFILE *pp;
333 int tot;
334 {
335 SEGUSE *sp;
336 int cnt, max;
337
338 max = i + tot;
339 for (sp = (SEGUSE *)pp, cnt = i;
340 cnt < lfsp->lfs_nseg && cnt < max; cnt++, sp++)
341 print_suentry(cnt, sp);
342 if (max >= lfsp->lfs_nseg)
343 return (0);
344 else
345 return (max);
346 }
347
348 static void
349 dump_dinode(dip)
350 struct dinode *dip;
351 {
352 int i;
353
354 (void)printf("%s%d\t%s%d\t%s%d\t%s%d\t%s%d\n",
355 "mode ", dip->di_mode,
356 "nlink ", dip->di_nlink,
357 "uid ", dip->di_uid,
358 "gid ", dip->di_gid,
359 "size ", dip->di_size);
360 (void)printf("%s%s%s%s%s%s",
361 "atime ", ctime(&dip->di_atime.ts_sec),
362 "mtime ", ctime(&dip->di_mtime.ts_sec),
363 "ctime ", ctime(&dip->di_ctime.ts_sec));
364 (void)printf("inum %d\n", dip->di_inumber);
365 (void)printf("Direct Addresses\n");
366 for (i = 0; i < NDADDR; i++) {
367 (void)printf("\t0x%X", dip->di_db[i]);
368 if ((i % 6) == 5)
369 (void)printf("\n");
370 }
371 for (i = 0; i < NIADDR; i++)
372 (void)printf("\t0x%X", dip->di_ib[i]);
373 (void)printf("\n");
374 }
375
376 static int
377 dump_sum(fd, lfsp, sp, segnum, addr)
378 struct lfs *lfsp;
379 SEGSUM *sp;
380 int fd, segnum;
381 daddr_t addr;
382 {
383 FINFO *fp;
384 long *dp;
385 int i, j;
386 int ck;
387 int numblocks;
388 struct dinode *inop;
389
390 if (sp->ss_sumsum != (ck = cksum(&sp->ss_datasum,
391 LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE - sizeof(sp->ss_sumsum)))) {
392 (void)printf("dumplfs: %s %d address 0x%lx\n",
393 "corrupt summary block; segment", segnum, addr);
394 return(0);
395 }
396
397 (void)printf("Segment Summary Info at 0x%lx\n", addr);
398 (void)printf(" %s0x%X\t%s%d\t%s%d\n %s0x%X\t%s0x%X",
399 "next ", sp->ss_next,
400 "nfinfo ", sp->ss_nfinfo,
401 "ninos ", sp->ss_ninos,
402 "sumsum ", sp->ss_sumsum,
403 "datasum ", sp->ss_datasum );
404 (void)printf("\tcreate %s", ctime((time_t *)&sp->ss_create));
405
406 numblocks = (sp->ss_ninos + INOPB(lfsp) - 1) / INOPB(lfsp);
407
408 /* Dump out inode disk addresses */
409 dp = (daddr_t *)sp;
410 dp += LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE / sizeof(daddr_t);
411 inop = malloc(1 << lfsp->lfs_bshift);
412 printf(" Inode addresses:");
413 for (dp--, i = 0; i < sp->ss_ninos; dp--) {
414 printf("\t0x%X {", *dp);
415 get(fd, *dp << (lfsp->lfs_bshift - lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb), inop,
416 (1 << lfsp->lfs_bshift));
417 for (j = 0; i < sp->ss_ninos && j < INOPB(lfsp); j++, i++) {
418 if (j > 0)
419 (void)printf(", ");
420 (void)printf("%d", inop[j].di_inumber);
421 }
422 (void)printf("}");
423 if (((i/INOPB(lfsp)) % 4) == 3)
424 (void)printf("\n");
425 }
426 free(inop);
427
428 printf("\n");
429 for (fp = (FINFO *)(sp + 1), i = 0; i < sp->ss_nfinfo; i++) {
430 numblocks += fp->fi_nblocks;
431 (void)printf(" FINFO for inode: %d version %d nblocks %d\n",
432 fp->fi_ino, fp->fi_version, fp->fi_nblocks);
433 dp = &(fp->fi_blocks[0]);
434 for (j = 0; j < fp->fi_nblocks; j++, dp++) {
435 (void)printf("\t%d", *dp);
436 if ((j % 8) == 7)
437 (void)printf("\n");
438 }
439 if ((j % 8) != 0)
440 (void)printf("\n");
441 fp = (FINFO *)dp;
442 }
443 return (numblocks);
444 }
445
446 static void
447 dump_segment(fd, segnum, addr, lfsp, dump_sb)
448 int fd, segnum;
449 daddr_t addr;
450 struct lfs *lfsp;
451 int dump_sb;
452 {
453 struct lfs lfs_sb, *sbp;
454 SEGSUM *sump;
455 char sumblock[LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE];
456 int did_one, nblocks, sb;
457 off_t sum_offset, super_off;
458
459 (void)printf("\nSEGMENT %d (Disk Address 0x%X)\n",
460 addr >> (lfsp->lfs_segshift - daddr_shift), addr);
461 sum_offset = (addr << (lfsp->lfs_bshift - lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb));
462
463 sb = 0;
464 did_one = 0;
465 do {
466 get(fd, sum_offset, sumblock, LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE);
467 sump = (SEGSUM *)sumblock;
468 if (sump->ss_sumsum != cksum (&sump->ss_datasum,
469 LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE - sizeof(sump->ss_sumsum))) {
470 sbp = (struct lfs *)sump;
471 if (sb = (sbp->lfs_magic == LFS_MAGIC)) {
472 super_off = sum_offset;
473 sum_offset += LFS_SBPAD;
474 } else if (did_one)
475 break;
476 else {
477 printf("Segment at 0x%X corrupt\n", addr);
478 break;
479 }
480 } else {
481 nblocks = dump_sum(fd, lfsp, sump, segnum, sum_offset >>
482 (lfsp->lfs_bshift - lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb));
483 if (nblocks)
484 sum_offset += LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE +
485 (nblocks << lfsp->lfs_bshift);
486 else
487 sum_offset = 0;
488 did_one = 1;
489 }
490 } while (sum_offset);
491
492 if (dump_sb && sb) {
493 get(fd, super_off, &lfs_sb, sizeof(struct lfs));
494 dump_super(&lfs_sb);
495 }
496 return;
497 }
498
499 static void
500 dump_super(lfsp)
501 struct lfs *lfsp;
502 {
503 int i;
504
505 (void)printf("%s0x%X\t%s0x%X\t%s%d\t%s%d\n",
506 "magic ", lfsp->lfs_magic,
507 "version ", lfsp->lfs_version,
508 "size ", lfsp->lfs_size,
509 "ssize ", lfsp->lfs_ssize);
510 (void)printf("%s%d\t\t%s%d\t%s%d\t%s%d\n",
511 "dsize ", lfsp->lfs_dsize,
512 "bsize ", lfsp->lfs_bsize,
513 "fsize ", lfsp->lfs_fsize,
514 "frag ", lfsp->lfs_frag);
515
516 (void)printf("%s%d\t\t%s%d\t%s%d\t%s%d\n",
517 "minfree ", lfsp->lfs_minfree,
518 "inopb ", lfsp->lfs_inopb,
519 "ifpb ", lfsp->lfs_ifpb,
520 "nindir ", lfsp->lfs_nindir);
521
522 (void)printf("%s%d\t\t%s%d\t%s%d\t%s%d\n",
523 "nseg ", lfsp->lfs_nseg,
524 "nspf ", lfsp->lfs_nspf,
525 "cleansz ", lfsp->lfs_cleansz,
526 "segtabsz ", lfsp->lfs_segtabsz);
527
528 (void)printf("%s0x%X\t%s%d\t%s0x%X\t%s%d\n",
529 "segmask ", lfsp->lfs_segmask,
530 "segshift ", lfsp->lfs_segshift,
531 "bmask ", lfsp->lfs_bmask,
532 "bshift ", lfsp->lfs_bshift);
533
534 (void)printf("%s0x%X\t\t%s%d\t%s0x%X\t%s%d\n",
535 "ffmask ", lfsp->lfs_ffmask,
536 "ffshift ", lfsp->lfs_ffshift,
537 "fbmask ", lfsp->lfs_fbmask,
538 "fbshift ", lfsp->lfs_fbshift);
539
540 (void)printf("%s%d\t%s%d\t%s0x%X\t%s0x%qx\n",
541 "sushift ", lfsp->lfs_sushift,
542 "fsbtodb ", lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb,
543 "cksum ", lfsp->lfs_cksum,
544 "maxfilesize ", lfsp->lfs_maxfilesize);
545
546 (void)printf("Superblock disk addresses:\t");
547 for (i = 0; i < LFS_MAXNUMSB; i++) {
548 (void)printf(" 0x%X", lfsp->lfs_sboffs[i]);
549 if ( i == (LFS_MAXNUMSB >> 1))
550 (void)printf("\n\t\t\t\t");
551 }
552 (void)printf("\n");
553
554 (void)printf("Checkpoint Info\n");
555 (void)printf("%s%d\t%s0x%X\t%s%d\n",
556 "free ", lfsp->lfs_free,
557 "idaddr ", lfsp->lfs_idaddr,
558 "ifile ", lfsp->lfs_ifile);
559 (void)printf("%s%d\t%s%d\t%s%d\n",
560 "bfree ", lfsp->lfs_bfree,
561 "avail ", lfsp->lfs_avail,
562 "uinodes ", lfsp->lfs_uinodes);
563 (void)printf("%s%d\t%s0x%X\t%s0x%X\n%s0x%X\t%s0x%X\t",
564 "nfiles ", lfsp->lfs_nfiles,
565 "lastseg ", lfsp->lfs_lastseg,
566 "nextseg ", lfsp->lfs_nextseg,
567 "curseg ", lfsp->lfs_curseg,
568 "offset ", lfsp->lfs_offset);
569 (void)printf("tstamp %s", ctime((time_t *)&lfsp->lfs_tstamp));
570 (void)printf("\nIn-Memory Information\n");
571 (void)printf("%s%d\t%s0x%X\t%s%d%s%d\t%s%d\n",
572 "seglock ", lfsp->lfs_seglock,
573 "iocount ", lfsp->lfs_iocount,
574 "writer ", lfsp->lfs_writer,
575 "dirops ", lfsp->lfs_dirops,
576 "doifile ", lfsp->lfs_doifile);
577 (void)printf("%s%d\t%s%d\t%s0x%X\t%s%d\n",
578 "nactive ", lfsp->lfs_nactive,
579 "fmod ", lfsp->lfs_fmod,
580 "clean ", lfsp->lfs_clean,
581 "ronly ", lfsp->lfs_ronly);
582 }
583
584 static void
585 addseg(arg)
586 char *arg;
587 {
588 SEGLIST *p;
589
590 if ((p = malloc(sizeof(SEGLIST))) == NULL)
591 err(1, "malloc");
592 p->next = seglist;
593 p->num = atoi(arg);
594 seglist = p;
595 }
596
597 static void
598 dump_cleaner_info(lfsp, ipage)
599 struct lfs *lfsp;
600 void *ipage;
601 {
602 CLEANERINFO *cip;
603
604 cip = (CLEANERINFO *)ipage;
605 (void)printf("segments clean\t%d\tsegments dirty\t%d\n\n",
606 cip->clean, cip->dirty);
607 }
608
609 static void
610 usage()
611 {
612 (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: dumplfs [-ai] [-s segnum] file\n");
613 exit(1);
614 }
615