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veriexecgen.c revision 1.14 
      1 /* $NetBSD: veriexecgen.c,v 1.14 2007/01/16 17:32:04 hubertf Exp $ */
      2 
      3 /*-
      4  * Copyright (c) 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
      5  * All rights reserved.
      6  *
      7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
      8  * by Matt Fleming.
      9  *
     10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     12  * are met:
     13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     18  * 3. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
     19  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
     20  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
     21  *
     22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
     23  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
     24  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
     25  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
     26  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
     27  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
     28  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
     29  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
     30  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
     31  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
     32  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     33  */
     34 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
     35 #include "nbtool_config.h"
     36 #endif
     37 
     38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
     39 
     40 #ifndef lint
     41 #ifdef __RCSID
     42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: veriexecgen.c,v 1.14 2007/01/16 17:32:04 hubertf Exp $");
     43 #endif
     44 #endif /* not lint */
     45 
     46 #include <sys/param.h>
     47 #include <sys/types.h>
     48 #include <sys/queue.h>
     49 #include <sys/stat.h>
     50 #include <sys/dirent.h>
     51 #include <sys/verified_exec.h>
     52 
     53 #include <err.h>
     54 #include <errno.h>
     55 #include <fts.h>
     56 #include <stdio.h>
     57 #include <stdlib.h>
     58 #include <string.h>
     59 #include <time.h>
     60 #include <unistd.h>
     61 #include <util.h>
     62 
     63 #include <md5.h>
     64 #include <sha1.h>
     65 #include <sha2.h>
     66 #include <rmd160.h>
     67 
     68 #define IS_EXEC(mode) ((mode) & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))
     69 
     70 #define DEFAULT_DBFILE  "/etc/signatures"
     71 #define DEFAULT_HASH    "sha256"
     72 #define DEFAULT_SYSPATHS { "/bin", "/sbin", "/usr/bin", "/usr/sbin", \
     73 			   "/lib", "/usr/lib", "/libexec", "/usr/libexec", \
     74 			   NULL }
     75 
     76 /* this struct defines a hash algorithm */
     77 typedef struct hash_t {
     78 	const char	*hashname;	/* algorithm name */
     79 	char		*(*filefunc)(const char *, char *); /* function */
     80 } hash_t;
     81 
     82 /* this struct encapsulates various diverse options and arguments */
     83 typedef struct veriexecgen_t {
     84 	int	 all_files;	/* scan also for non-executable files */
     85 	int	 append_output;	/* append output to existing sigs file */
     86 	char	*dbfile;	/* name of signatures database file */
     87 	int	 exit_on_error;	/* exit if we can't create a hash */
     88 	char	*prefix;	/* any prefix to be discarded on output */
     89 	int	 recursive_scan;/* perform scan for files recursively */
     90 	int	 scan_system_dirs;	/* just scan system directories */
     91 	int	 verbose;	/* verbosity level */
     92 } veriexecgen_t;
     93 
     94 /* this struct describes a directory entry to generate a hash for */
     95 struct fentry {
     96 	char filename[MAXPATHLEN];	/* name of entry */
     97 	char *hash_val;			/* its associated hash value */
     98 	int flags;			/* any associated flags */
     99 	TAILQ_ENTRY(fentry) f;		/* its place in the queue */
    100 };
    101 TAILQ_HEAD(, fentry) fehead;
    102 
    103 /* define the possible hash algorithms */
    104 static hash_t	 hashes[] = {
    105 	{ "MD5", MD5File },
    106 	{ "SHA1", SHA1File },
    107 	{ "SHA256", SHA256_File },
    108 	{ "SHA384", SHA384_File },
    109 	{ "SHA512", SHA512_File },
    110 	{ "RMD160", RMD160File },
    111 	{ NULL, NULL },
    112 };
    113 
    114 static int Fflag;
    115 
    116 static int	make_immutable;	/* set immutable flag on signatures file */
    117 
    118 /* warn about a problem - exit if exit_on_error is set */
    119 static void
    120 gripe(veriexecgen_t *vp, const char *fmt, const char *filename)
    121 {
    122 	warn(fmt, filename);
    123 	if (vp->exit_on_error) {
    124 		/* error out on problematic files */
    125 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    126 	}
    127 }
    128 
    129 /* print usage message */
    130 static void
    131 usage(void)
    132 {
    133 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
    134 	    "usage:  %s [-AaDrSvW] [-d dir] [-o fingerprintdb] [-p prefix]\n"
    135 	    "\t\t    [-t algorithm]\n"
    136 	    "\t%s [-h]\n", getprogname(), getprogname());
    137 }
    138 
    139 /* tell people what we're doing - scan dirs, fingerprint etc */
    140 static void
    141 banner(veriexecgen_t *vp, hash_t *hash_type, char **search_path)
    142 {
    143 	int j;
    144 
    145 	(void)printf("Fingerprinting ");
    146 
    147 	for (j = 0; search_path[j] != NULL; j++)
    148 		(void)printf("%s ", search_path[j]);
    149 
    150 	(void)printf("(%s) (%s) using %s\n",
    151 	    vp->all_files ? "all files" : "executables only",
    152 	    vp->recursive_scan ? "recursive" : "non-recursive",
    153 	    hash_type->hashname);
    154 }
    155 
    156 /* find a hash algorithm, given its name */
    157 static hash_t *
    158 find_hash(char *hash_type)
    159 {
    160 	hash_t *hash;
    161 
    162 	for (hash = hashes; hash->hashname != NULL; hash++)
    163 		if (strcasecmp(hash_type, hash->hashname) == 0)
    164 			return hash;
    165 	return NULL;
    166 }
    167 
    168 /* perform the hashing operation on `filename' */
    169 static char *
    170 do_hash(char *filename, hash_t * h)
    171 {
    172 	return h->filefunc(filename, NULL);
    173 }
    174 
    175 /* return flags for `path' */
    176 static int
    177 figure_flags(char *path, mode_t mode)
    178 {
    179 #ifdef notyet
    180 	if (Fflag) {
    181 		/* Try to figure out right flag(s). */
    182 		return VERIEXEC_DIRECT;
    183 	}
    184 #endif /* notyet */
    185 
    186 	return (IS_EXEC(mode)) ? 0 : VERIEXEC_FILE;
    187 }
    188 
    189 /* check to see that we don't have a duplicate entry */
    190 static int
    191 check_dup(char *filename)
    192 {
    193 	struct fentry *lwalk;
    194 
    195 	TAILQ_FOREACH(lwalk, &fehead, f) {
    196 		if (strncmp(lwalk->filename, filename,
    197 			    (unsigned long) MAXPATHLEN) == 0)
    198 			return 1;
    199 	}
    200 
    201 	return 0;
    202 }
    203 
    204 /* add a new entry to the list for `file' */
    205 static void
    206 add_new_entry(veriexecgen_t *vp, FTSENT *file, hash_t *hash)
    207 {
    208 	struct fentry *e;
    209 	struct stat sb;
    210 
    211 	if (file->fts_info == FTS_SL) {
    212 		/* we have a symbolic link */
    213 		if (stat(file->fts_path, &sb) == -1) {
    214 			gripe(vp, "Cannot stat symlink `%s'", file->fts_path);
    215 			return;
    216 		}
    217 	} else
    218 		sb = *file->fts_statp;
    219 
    220 	if (!vp->all_files && !vp->scan_system_dirs && !IS_EXEC(sb.st_mode))
    221 		return;
    222 
    223 	e = ecalloc(1UL, sizeof(*e));
    224 
    225 	if (realpath(file->fts_accpath, e->filename) == NULL) {
    226 		gripe(vp, "Cannot find absolute path `%s'", file->fts_accpath);
    227 		return;
    228 	}
    229 	if (check_dup(e->filename)) {
    230 		free(e);
    231 		return;
    232 	}
    233 	if ((e->hash_val = do_hash(e->filename, hash)) == NULL) {
    234 		gripe(vp, "Cannot calculate hash `%s'", e->filename);
    235 		return;
    236 	}
    237 	e->flags = figure_flags(e->filename, sb.st_mode);
    238 
    239 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&fehead, e, f);
    240 }
    241 
    242 /* walk through a directory */
    243 static void
    244 walk_dir(veriexecgen_t *vp, char **search_path, hash_t *hash)
    245 {
    246 	FTS *fh;
    247 	FTSENT *file;
    248 
    249 	if ((fh = fts_open(search_path, FTS_PHYSICAL, NULL)) == NULL) {
    250 		gripe(vp, "fts_open `%s'", (const char *)search_path);
    251 		return;
    252 	}
    253 
    254 	while ((file = fts_read(fh)) != NULL) {
    255 		if (!vp->recursive_scan && file->fts_level > 1) {
    256 			fts_set(fh, file, FTS_SKIP);
    257 			continue;
    258 		}
    259 
    260 		switch (file->fts_info) {
    261 		case FTS_D:
    262 		case FTS_DC:
    263 		case FTS_DP:
    264 			continue;
    265 		default:
    266 			break;
    267 		}
    268 
    269 		if (file->fts_errno) {
    270 			if (vp->exit_on_error) {
    271 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: %s", file->fts_path,
    272 				    strerror(file->fts_errno));
    273 			}
    274 		} else {
    275 			add_new_entry(vp, file, hash);
    276 		}
    277 	}
    278 
    279 	fts_close(fh);
    280 }
    281 
    282 /* return a string representation of the flags */
    283 static char *
    284 flags2str(int flags)
    285 {
    286 	return (flags == 0) ? "" : "FILE, INDIRECT";
    287 }
    288 
    289 /* store the list in the signatures file */
    290 static void
    291 store_entries(veriexecgen_t *vp, hash_t *hash)
    292 {
    293 	FILE *fp;
    294 	int move = 1;
    295 	char old_dbfile[MAXPATHLEN];
    296 	time_t ct;
    297 	struct stat sb;
    298 	struct fentry  *e;
    299 	int	prefixc;
    300 
    301 	if (stat(vp->dbfile, &sb) != 0) {
    302 		if (errno == ENOENT)
    303 			move = 0;
    304 		else
    305 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "could not stat %s", vp->dbfile);
    306 	}
    307 	if (move && !vp->append_output) {
    308 		if (vp->verbose)
    309 			(void)printf("\nBacking up existing fingerprint file "
    310 			    "to \"%s.old\"\n\n", vp->dbfile);
    311 
    312 		if (snprintf(old_dbfile, MAXPATHLEN, "%s.old", vp->dbfile) <
    313 		    strlen(vp->dbfile) + 4) {
    314 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", old_dbfile);
    315 		}
    316 		if (rename(vp->dbfile, old_dbfile) == -1)
    317 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "could not rename file");
    318 	}
    319 
    320 	prefixc = (vp->prefix == NULL) ? -1 : strlen(vp->prefix);
    321 
    322 	fp = efopen(vp->dbfile, vp->append_output ? "a" : "w+");
    323 
    324 	time(&ct);
    325 	(void)fprintf(fp, "# Generated by %s, %.24s\n",
    326 		getlogin(), ctime(&ct));
    327 
    328 	TAILQ_FOREACH(e, &fehead, f) {
    329 		if (vp->verbose)
    330 			(void)printf("Adding %s.\n", e->filename);
    331 
    332 
    333 		(void)fprintf(fp, "%s %s %s %s\n",
    334 			(prefixc < 0) ? e->filename : &e->filename[prefixc],
    335 			hash->hashname, e->hash_val, flags2str(e->flags));
    336 	}
    337 
    338 	(void)fclose(fp);
    339 
    340 	if (vp->verbose) {
    341 		(void)printf("\n\n"
    342 "#############################################################\n"
    343 "  PLEASE VERIFY CONTENTS OF %s AND FINE-TUNE THE\n"
    344 "  FLAGS WHERE APPROPRIATE AFTER READING veriexecctl(8)\n"
    345 "#############################################################\n",
    346 			vp->dbfile);
    347 	}
    348 }
    349 
    350 int
    351 main(int argc, char **argv)
    352 {
    353 	int ch, total = 0;
    354 	char **search_path = NULL;
    355 	hash_t *hash = NULL;
    356 	veriexecgen_t	v;
    357 
    358 	(void) memset(&v, 0x0, sizeof(v));
    359 	make_immutable = 0;
    360 	Fflag = 0;
    361 
    362 	/* error out if we have a dangling symlink or other fs problem */
    363 	v.exit_on_error = 1;
    364 
    365 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "AaDd:ho:p:rSt:vW")) != -1) {
    366 		switch (ch) {
    367 		case 'A':
    368 			v.append_output = 1;
    369 			break;
    370 		case 'a':
    371 			v.all_files = 1;
    372 			break;
    373 		case 'D':
    374 			v.scan_system_dirs = 1;
    375 			break;
    376 		case 'd':
    377 			search_path = erealloc(search_path, sizeof(char *) *
    378 			    (total + 1));
    379 			search_path[total] = optarg;
    380 			search_path[++total] = NULL;
    381 			break;
    382 #ifdef notyet
    383 		case 'F':
    384 			Fflag = 1;
    385 			break;
    386 #endif /* notyet */
    387 		case 'h':
    388 			usage();
    389 			return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    390 		case 'o':
    391 			v.dbfile = optarg;
    392 			break;
    393 		case 'p':
    394 			v.prefix = optarg;
    395 			break;
    396 		case 'r':
    397 			v.recursive_scan = 1;
    398 			break;
    399 		case 'S':
    400 			make_immutable = 1;
    401 			break;
    402 		case 't':
    403 			if ((hash = find_hash(optarg)) == NULL) {
    404 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
    405 					"No such hash algorithm (%s)",
    406 					optarg);
    407 			}
    408 			break;
    409 		case 'v':
    410 			v.verbose = 1;
    411 			break;
    412 		case 'W':
    413 			v.exit_on_error = 0;
    414 			break;
    415 		default:
    416 			usage();
    417 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
    418 		}
    419 	}
    420 
    421 	if (v.dbfile == NULL)
    422 		v.dbfile = DEFAULT_DBFILE;
    423 
    424 	if (hash == NULL) {
    425 		if ((hash = find_hash(DEFAULT_HASH)) == NULL)
    426 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No hash algorithm");
    427 	}
    428 
    429 	TAILQ_INIT(&fehead);
    430 
    431 	if (search_path == NULL)
    432 		v.scan_system_dirs = 1;
    433 
    434 	if (v.scan_system_dirs) {
    435 		char *sys_paths[] = DEFAULT_SYSPATHS;
    436 
    437 		if (v.verbose)
    438 			banner(&v, hash, sys_paths);
    439 		walk_dir(&v, sys_paths, hash);
    440 	}
    441 
    442 	if (search_path != NULL) {
    443 		if (v.verbose)
    444 			banner(&v, hash, search_path);
    445 		walk_dir(&v, search_path, hash);
    446 	}
    447 
    448 	store_entries(&v, hash);
    449 
    450 	if (make_immutable && chflags(v.dbfile, SF_IMMUTABLE) != 0)
    451 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Can't set immutable flag");
    452 
    453 	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    454 }
    455