fontconfig-user.html revision c9710b42
1<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 2<HTML 3><HEAD 4><TITLE 5>fonts-conf</TITLE 6><META 7NAME="GENERATOR" 8CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"></HEAD 9><BODY 10CLASS="REFENTRY" 11BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" 12TEXT="#000000" 13LINK="#0000FF" 14VLINK="#840084" 15ALINK="#0000FF" 16><H1 17><A 18NAME="AEN1" 19></A 20>fonts-conf</H1 21><DIV 22CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" 23><A 24NAME="AEN5" 25></A 26><H2 27>Name</H2 28>fonts.conf -- Font configuration files</DIV 29><DIV 30CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" 31><A 32NAME="AEN8" 33></A 34><H2 35>Synopsis</H2 36><TABLE 37BORDER="0" 38BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 39WIDTH="100%" 40><TR 41><TD 42><PRE 43CLASS="SYNOPSIS" 44> /etc/fonts/fonts.conf 45 /etc/fonts/fonts.dtd 46 /etc/fonts/conf.d 47 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d 48 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf 49 ~/.fonts.conf.d 50 ~/.fonts.conf</PRE 51></TD 52></TR 53></TABLE 54></DIV 55><DIV 56CLASS="REFSECT1" 57><A 58NAME="AEN10" 59></A 60><H2 61>Description</H2 62><P 63>Fontconfig is a library designed to provide system-wide font configuration, 64customization and application access. 65 </P 66></DIV 67><DIV 68CLASS="REFSECT1" 69><A 70NAME="AEN13" 71></A 72><H2 73>Functional Overview</H2 74><P 75>Fontconfig contains two essential modules, the configuration module which 76builds an internal configuration from XML files and the matching module 77which accepts font patterns and returns the nearest matching font. 78 </P 79><DIV 80CLASS="REFSECT2" 81><A 82NAME="AEN16" 83></A 84><H3 85>Font Configuration</H3 86><P 87>The configuration module consists of the FcConfig datatype, libexpat and 88FcConfigParse which walks over an XML tree and amends a configuration with 89data found within. From an external perspective, configuration of the 90library consists of generating a valid XML tree and feeding that to 91FcConfigParse. The only other mechanism provided to applications for 92changing the running configuration is to add fonts and directories to the 93list of application-provided font files. 94 </P 95><P 96>The intent is to make font configurations relatively static, and shared by 97as many applications as possible. It is hoped that this will lead to more 98stable font selection when passing names from one application to another. 99XML was chosen as a configuration file format because it provides a format 100which is easy for external agents to edit while retaining the correct 101structure and syntax. 102 </P 103><P 104>Font configuration is separate from font matching; applications needing to 105do their own matching can access the available fonts from the library and 106perform private matching. The intent is to permit applications to pick and 107choose appropriate functionality from the library instead of forcing them to 108choose between this library and a private configuration mechanism. The hope 109is that this will ensure that configuration of fonts for all applications 110can be centralized in one place. Centralizing font configuration will 111simplify and regularize font installation and customization. 112 </P 113></DIV 114><DIV 115CLASS="REFSECT2" 116><A 117NAME="AEN21" 118></A 119><H3 120>Font Properties</H3 121><P 122>While font patterns may contain essentially any properties, there are some 123well known properties with associated types. Fontconfig uses some of these 124properties for font matching and font completion. Others are provided as a 125convenience for the applications' rendering mechanism. 126 </P 127><TABLE 128BORDER="0" 129BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 130WIDTH="100%" 131><TR 132><TD 133><PRE 134CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 135> Property Type Description 136 -------------------------------------------------------------- 137 family String Font family names 138 familylang String Languages corresponding to each family 139 style String Font style. Overrides weight and slant 140 stylelang String Languages corresponding to each style 141 fullname String Font full names (often includes style) 142 fullnamelang String Languages corresponding to each fullname 143 slant Int Italic, oblique or roman 144 weight Int Light, medium, demibold, bold or black 145 size Double Point size 146 width Int Condensed, normal or expanded 147 aspect Double Stretches glyphs horizontally before hinting 148 pixelsize Double Pixel size 149 spacing Int Proportional, dual-width, monospace or charcell 150 foundry String Font foundry name 151 antialias Bool Whether glyphs can be antialiased 152 hinting Bool Whether the rasterizer should use hinting 153 hintstyle Int Automatic hinting style 154 verticallayout Bool Use vertical layout 155 autohint Bool Use autohinter instead of normal hinter 156 globaladvance Bool Use font global advance data (deprecated) 157 file String The filename holding the font 158 index Int The index of the font within the file 159 ftface FT_Face Use the specified FreeType face object 160 rasterizer String Which rasterizer is in use 161 outline Bool Whether the glyphs are outlines 162 scalable Bool Whether glyphs can be scaled 163 scale Double Scale factor for point->pixel conversions 164 dpi Double Target dots per inch 165 rgba Int unknown, rgb, bgr, vrgb, vbgr, 166 none - subpixel geometry 167 lcdfilter Int Type of LCD filter 168 minspace Bool Eliminate leading from line spacing 169 charset CharSet Unicode chars encoded by the font 170 lang String List of RFC-3066-style languages this 171 font supports 172 fontversion Int Version number of the font 173 capability String List of layout capabilities in the font 174 embolden Bool Rasterizer should synthetically embolden the font 175 fontfeatures String List of the feature tags in OpenType to be enabled 176 prgname String String Name of the running program 177 </PRE 178></TD 179></TR 180></TABLE 181></DIV 182><DIV 183CLASS="REFSECT2" 184><A 185NAME="AEN25" 186></A 187><H3 188>Font Matching</H3 189><P 190>Fontconfig performs matching by measuring the distance from a provided 191pattern to all of the available fonts in the system. The closest matching 192font is selected. This ensures that a font will always be returned, but 193doesn't ensure that it is anything like the requested pattern. 194 </P 195><P 196> 197Font matching starts with an application constructed pattern. The desired 198attributes of the resulting font are collected together in a pattern. Each 199property of the pattern can contain one or more values; these are listed in 200priority order; matches earlier in the list are considered "closer" than 201matches later in the list. 202 </P 203><P 204>The initial pattern is modified by applying the list of editing instructions 205specific to patterns found in the configuration; each consists of a match 206predicate and a set of editing operations. They are executed in the order 207they appeared in the configuration. Each match causes the associated 208sequence of editing operations to be applied. 209 </P 210><P 211>After the pattern has been edited, a sequence of default substitutions are 212performed to canonicalize the set of available properties; this avoids the 213need for the lower layers to constantly provide default values for various 214font properties during rendering. 215 </P 216><P 217>The canonical font pattern is finally matched against all available fonts. 218The distance from the pattern to the font is measured for each of several 219properties: foundry, charset, family, lang, spacing, pixelsize, style, 220slant, weight, antialias, rasterizer and outline. This list is in priority 221order -- results of comparing earlier elements of this list weigh more 222heavily than later elements. 223 </P 224><P 225>There is one special case to this rule; family names are split into two 226bindings; strong and weak. Strong family names are given greater precedence 227in the match than lang elements while weak family names are given lower 228precedence than lang elements. This permits the document language to drive 229font selection when any document specified font is unavailable. 230 </P 231><P 232>The pattern representing that font is augmented to include any properties 233found in the pattern but not found in the font itself; this permits the 234application to pass rendering instructions or any other data through the 235matching system. Finally, the list of editing instructions specific to 236fonts found in the configuration are applied to the pattern. This modified 237pattern is returned to the application. 238 </P 239><P 240>The return value contains sufficient information to locate and rasterize the 241font, including the file name, pixel size and other rendering data. As 242none of the information involved pertains to the FreeType library, 243applications are free to use any rasterization engine or even to take 244the identified font file and access it directly. 245 </P 246><P 247>The match/edit sequences in the configuration are performed in two passes 248because there are essentially two different operations necessary -- the 249first is to modify how fonts are selected; aliasing families and adding 250suitable defaults. The second is to modify how the selected fonts are 251rasterized. Those must apply to the selected font, not the original pattern 252as false matches will often occur. 253 </P 254></DIV 255><DIV 256CLASS="REFSECT2" 257><A 258NAME="AEN36" 259></A 260><H3 261>Font Names</H3 262><P 263>Fontconfig provides a textual representation for patterns that the library 264can both accept and generate. The representation is in three parts, first a 265list of family names, second a list of point sizes and finally a list of 266additional properties: 267 </P 268><TABLE 269BORDER="0" 270BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 271WIDTH="100%" 272><TR 273><TD 274><PRE 275CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 276> <families>-<point sizes>:<name1>=<values1>:<name2>=<values2>... 277 </PRE 278></TD 279></TR 280></TABLE 281><P 282>Values in a list are separated with commas. The name needn't include either 283families or point sizes; they can be elided. In addition, there are 284symbolic constants that simultaneously indicate both a name and a value. 285Here are some examples: 286 </P 287><TABLE 288BORDER="0" 289BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 290WIDTH="100%" 291><TR 292><TD 293><PRE 294CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 295> Name Meaning 296 ---------------------------------------------------------- 297 Times-12 12 point Times Roman 298 Times-12:bold 12 point Times Bold 299 Courier:italic Courier Italic in the default size 300 Monospace:matrix=1 .1 0 1 The users preferred monospace font 301 with artificial obliquing 302 </PRE 303></TD 304></TR 305></TABLE 306><P 307>The '\', '-', ':' and ',' characters in family names must be preceded by a 308'\' character to avoid having them misinterpreted. Similarly, values 309containing '\', '=', '_', ':' and ',' must also have them preceded by a 310'\' character. The '\' characters are stripped out of the family name and 311values as the font name is read. 312 </P 313></DIV 314></DIV 315><DIV 316CLASS="REFSECT1" 317><A 318NAME="DEBUG" 319></A 320><H2 321>Debugging Applications</H2 322><P 323>To help diagnose font and applications problems, fontconfig is built with a 324large amount of internal debugging left enabled. It is controlled by means 325of the FC_DEBUG environment variable. The value of this variable is 326interpreted as a number, and each bit within that value controls different 327debugging messages. 328 </P 329><TABLE 330BORDER="0" 331BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 332WIDTH="100%" 333><TR 334><TD 335><PRE 336CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 337> Name Value Meaning 338 --------------------------------------------------------- 339 MATCH 1 Brief information about font matching 340 MATCHV 2 Extensive font matching information 341 EDIT 4 Monitor match/test/edit execution 342 FONTSET 8 Track loading of font information at startup 343 CACHE 16 Watch cache files being written 344 CACHEV 32 Extensive cache file writing information 345 PARSE 64 (no longer in use) 346 SCAN 128 Watch font files being scanned to build caches 347 SCANV 256 Verbose font file scanning information 348 MEMORY 512 Monitor fontconfig memory usage 349 CONFIG 1024 Monitor which config files are loaded 350 LANGSET 2048 Dump char sets used to construct lang values 351 OBJTYPES 4096 Display message when value typechecks fail 352 </PRE 353></TD 354></TR 355></TABLE 356><P 357>Add the value of the desired debug levels together and assign that (in 358base 10) to the FC_DEBUG environment variable before running the 359application. Output from these statements is sent to stdout. 360 </P 361></DIV 362><DIV 363CLASS="REFSECT1" 364><A 365NAME="AEN48" 366></A 367><H2 368>Lang Tags</H2 369><P 370>Each font in the database contains a list of languages it supports. This is 371computed by comparing the Unicode coverage of the font with the orthography 372of each language. Languages are tagged using an RFC-3066 compatible naming 373and occur in two parts -- the ISO 639 language tag followed a hyphen and then 374by the ISO 3166 country code. The hyphen and country code may be elided. 375 </P 376><P 377>Fontconfig has orthographies for several languages built into the library. 378No provision has been made for adding new ones aside from rebuilding the 379library. It currently supports 122 of the 139 languages named in ISO 639-1, 380141 of the languages with two-letter codes from ISO 639-2 and another 30 381languages with only three-letter codes. Languages with both two and three 382letter codes are provided with only the two letter code. 383 </P 384><P 385>For languages used in multiple territories with radically different 386character sets, fontconfig includes per-territory orthographies. This 387includes Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Pashto, Tigrinya and Chinese. 388 </P 389></DIV 390><DIV 391CLASS="REFSECT1" 392><A 393NAME="AEN53" 394></A 395><H2 396>Configuration File Format</H2 397><P 398>Configuration files for fontconfig are stored in XML format; this 399format makes external configuration tools easier to write and ensures that 400they will generate syntactically correct configuration files. As XML 401files are plain text, they can also be manipulated by the expert user using 402a text editor. 403 </P 404><P 405>The fontconfig document type definition resides in the external entity 406"fonts.dtd"; this is normally stored in the default font configuration 407directory (/etc/fonts). Each configuration file should contain the 408following structure: 409 <TABLE 410BORDER="0" 411BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 412WIDTH="100%" 413><TR 414><TD 415><PRE 416CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 417> <?xml version="1.0"?> 418 <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd"> 419 <fontconfig> 420 ... 421 </fontconfig> 422 </PRE 423></TD 424></TR 425></TABLE 426> 427 </P 428><DIV 429CLASS="REFSECT2" 430><A 431NAME="AEN58" 432></A 433><H3 434><TT 435CLASS="LITERAL" 436><fontconfig></TT 437></H3 438><P 439>This is the top level element for a font configuration and can contain 440<TT 441CLASS="LITERAL" 442><dir></TT 443>, <TT 444CLASS="LITERAL" 445><cachedir></TT 446>, <TT 447CLASS="LITERAL" 448><include></TT 449>, <TT 450CLASS="LITERAL" 451><match></TT 452> and <TT 453CLASS="LITERAL" 454><alias></TT 455> elements in any order. 456 </P 457></DIV 458><DIV 459CLASS="REFSECT2" 460><A 461NAME="AEN67" 462></A 463><H3 464><TT 465CLASS="LITERAL" 466><dir prefix="default"></TT 467></H3 468><P 469>This element contains a directory name which will be scanned for font files 470to include in the set of available fonts. If 'prefix' is set to "xdg", the value in the XDG_DATA_HOME environment variable will be added as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specification for more details. 471 </P 472></DIV 473><DIV 474CLASS="REFSECT2" 475><A 476NAME="AEN71" 477></A 478><H3 479><TT 480CLASS="LITERAL" 481><cachedir prefix="default"></TT 482></H3 483><P 484>This element contains a directory name that is supposed to be stored or read 485the cache of font information. If multiple elements are specified in 486the configuration file, the directory that can be accessed first in the list 487will be used to store the cache files. If it starts with '~', it refers to 488a directory in the users home directory. If 'prefix' is set to "xdg", the value in the XDG_CACHE_HOME environment variable will be added as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specification for more details. 489The default directory is ``$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig'' and it contains the cache files 490named ``<TT 491CLASS="LITERAL" 492><hash value></TT 493>-<TT 494CLASS="LITERAL" 495><architecture></TT 496>.cache-<TT 497CLASS="LITERAL" 498><version</TT 499>'', 500where <TT 501CLASS="LITERAL" 502><version></TT 503> is the font configureation file 504version number (currently 3). 505 </P 506></DIV 507><DIV 508CLASS="REFSECT2" 509><A 510NAME="AEN79" 511></A 512><H3 513><TT 514CLASS="LITERAL" 515><include ignore_missing="no" prefix="default"></TT 516></H3 517><P 518>This element contains the name of an additional configuration file or 519directory. If a directory, every file within that directory starting with an 520ASCII digit (U+0030 - U+0039) and ending with the string ``.conf'' will be processed in sorted order. When 521the XML datatype is traversed by FcConfigParse, the contents of the file(s) 522will also be incorporated into the configuration by passing the filename(s) to 523FcConfigLoadAndParse. If 'ignore_missing' is set to "yes" instead of the 524default "no", a missing file or directory will elicit no warning message from 525the library. If 'prefix' is set to "xdg", the value in the XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variable will be added as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specification for more details. 526 </P 527></DIV 528><DIV 529CLASS="REFSECT2" 530><A 531NAME="AEN83" 532></A 533><H3 534><TT 535CLASS="LITERAL" 536><config></TT 537></H3 538><P 539>This element provides a place to consolidate additional configuration 540information. <TT 541CLASS="LITERAL" 542><config></TT 543> can contain <TT 544CLASS="LITERAL" 545><blank></TT 546> and <TT 547CLASS="LITERAL" 548><rescan></TT 549> elements in any 550order. 551 </P 552></DIV 553><DIV 554CLASS="REFSECT2" 555><A 556NAME="AEN90" 557></A 558><H3 559><TT 560CLASS="LITERAL" 561><blank></TT 562></H3 563><P 564>Fonts often include "broken" glyphs which appear in the encoding but are 565drawn as blanks on the screen. Within the <TT 566CLASS="LITERAL" 567><blank></TT 568> element, place each 569Unicode characters which is supposed to be blank in an <TT 570CLASS="LITERAL" 571><int></TT 572> element. 573Characters outside of this set which are drawn as blank will be elided from 574the set of characters supported by the font. 575 </P 576></DIV 577><DIV 578CLASS="REFSECT2" 579><A 580NAME="AEN96" 581></A 582><H3 583><TT 584CLASS="LITERAL" 585><rescan></TT 586></H3 587><P 588>The <TT 589CLASS="LITERAL" 590><rescan></TT 591> element holds an <TT 592CLASS="LITERAL" 593><int></TT 594> element which indicates the default 595interval between automatic checks for font configuration changes. 596Fontconfig will validate all of the configuration files and directories and 597automatically rebuild the internal datastructures when this interval passes. 598 </P 599></DIV 600><DIV 601CLASS="REFSECT2" 602><A 603NAME="AEN102" 604></A 605><H3 606><TT 607CLASS="LITERAL" 608><selectfont></TT 609></H3 610><P 611>This element is used to black/white list fonts from being listed or matched 612against. It holds acceptfont and rejectfont elements. 613 </P 614></DIV 615><DIV 616CLASS="REFSECT2" 617><A 618NAME="AEN106" 619></A 620><H3 621><TT 622CLASS="LITERAL" 623><acceptfont></TT 624></H3 625><P 626>Fonts matched by an acceptfont element are "whitelisted"; such fonts are 627explicitly included in the set of fonts used to resolve list and match 628requests; including them in this list protects them from being "blacklisted" 629by a rejectfont element. Acceptfont elements include glob and pattern 630elements which are used to match fonts. 631 </P 632></DIV 633><DIV 634CLASS="REFSECT2" 635><A 636NAME="AEN110" 637></A 638><H3 639><TT 640CLASS="LITERAL" 641><rejectfont></TT 642></H3 643><P 644>Fonts matched by an rejectfont element are "blacklisted"; such fonts are 645excluded from the set of fonts used to resolve list and match requests as if 646they didn't exist in the system. Rejectfont elements include glob and 647pattern elements which are used to match fonts. 648 </P 649></DIV 650><DIV 651CLASS="REFSECT2" 652><A 653NAME="AEN114" 654></A 655><H3 656><TT 657CLASS="LITERAL" 658><glob></TT 659></H3 660><P 661>Glob elements hold shell-style filename matching patterns (including ? and 662*) which match fonts based on their complete pathnames. This can be used to 663exclude a set of directories (/usr/share/fonts/uglyfont*), or particular 664font file types (*.pcf.gz), but the latter mechanism relies rather heavily 665on filenaming conventions which can't be relied upon. Note that globs 666only apply to directories, not to individual fonts. 667 </P 668></DIV 669><DIV 670CLASS="REFSECT2" 671><A 672NAME="AEN118" 673></A 674><H3 675><TT 676CLASS="LITERAL" 677><pattern></TT 678></H3 679><P 680>Pattern elements perform list-style matching on incoming fonts; that is, 681they hold a list of elements and associated values. If all of those 682elements have a matching value, then the pattern matches the font. This can 683be used to select fonts based on attributes of the font (scalable, bold, 684etc), which is a more reliable mechanism than using file extensions. 685Pattern elements include patelt elements. 686 </P 687></DIV 688><DIV 689CLASS="REFSECT2" 690><A 691NAME="AEN122" 692></A 693><H3 694><TT 695CLASS="LITERAL" 696><patelt name="property"></TT 697></H3 698><P 699>Patelt elements hold a single pattern element and list of values. They must 700have a 'name' attribute which indicates the pattern element name. Patelt 701elements include int, double, string, matrix, bool, charset and const 702elements. 703 </P 704></DIV 705><DIV 706CLASS="REFSECT2" 707><A 708NAME="AEN126" 709></A 710><H3 711><TT 712CLASS="LITERAL" 713><match target="pattern"></TT 714></H3 715><P 716>This element holds first a (possibly empty) list of <TT 717CLASS="LITERAL" 718><test></TT 719> elements and then 720a (possibly empty) list of <TT 721CLASS="LITERAL" 722><edit></TT 723> elements. Patterns which match all of the 724tests are subjected to all the edits. If 'target' is set to "font" instead 725of the default "pattern", then this element applies to the font name 726resulting from a match rather than a font pattern to be matched. If 'target' 727is set to "scan", then this element applies when the font is scanned to 728build the fontconfig database. 729 </P 730></DIV 731><DIV 732CLASS="REFSECT2" 733><A 734NAME="AEN132" 735></A 736><H3 737><TT 738CLASS="LITERAL" 739><test qual="any" name="property" target="default" compare="eq"></TT 740></H3 741><P 742>This element contains a single value which is compared with the target 743('pattern', 'font', 'scan' or 'default') property "property" (substitute any of the property names seen 744above). 'compare' can be one of "eq", "not_eq", "less", "less_eq", "more", "more_eq", "contains" or 745"not_contains". 'qual' may either be the default, "any", in which case the match 746succeeds if any value associated with the property matches the test value, or 747"all", in which case all of the values associated with the property must 748match the test value. 'ignore-blanks' takes a boolean value. if 'ignore-blanks' is set "true", any blanks in the string will be ignored on its comparison. this takes effects only when compare="eq" or compare="not_eq". 749When used in a <match target="font"> element, 750the target= attribute in the <test> element selects between matching 751the original pattern or the font. "default" selects whichever target the 752outer <match> element has selected. 753 </P 754></DIV 755><DIV 756CLASS="REFSECT2" 757><A 758NAME="AEN136" 759></A 760><H3 761><TT 762CLASS="LITERAL" 763><edit name="property" mode="assign" binding="weak"></TT 764></H3 765><P 766>This element contains a list of expression elements (any of the value or 767operator elements). The expression elements are evaluated at run-time and 768modify the property "property". The modification depends on whether 769"property" was matched by one of the associated <TT 770CLASS="LITERAL" 771><test></TT 772> elements, if so, the 773modification may affect the first matched value. Any values inserted into 774the property are given the indicated binding ("strong", "weak" or "same") 775with "same" binding using the value from the matched pattern element. 776'mode' is one of: 777 <TABLE 778BORDER="0" 779BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 780WIDTH="100%" 781><TR 782><TD 783><PRE 784CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 785> Mode With Match Without Match 786 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 787 "assign" Replace matching value Replace all values 788 "assign_replace" Replace all values Replace all values 789 "prepend" Insert before matching Insert at head of list 790 "prepend_first" Insert at head of list Insert at head of list 791 "append" Append after matching Append at end of list 792 "append_last" Append at end of list Append at end of list 793 "delete" Delete matching value Delete all values 794 "delete_all" Delete all values Delete all values 795 </PRE 796></TD 797></TR 798></TABLE 799> 800 </P 801></DIV 802><DIV 803CLASS="REFSECT2" 804><A 805NAME="AEN142" 806></A 807><H3 808><TT 809CLASS="LITERAL" 810><int></TT 811>, <TT 812CLASS="LITERAL" 813><double></TT 814>, <TT 815CLASS="LITERAL" 816><string></TT 817>, <TT 818CLASS="LITERAL" 819><bool></TT 820></H3 821><P 822>These elements hold a single value of the indicated type. <TT 823CLASS="LITERAL" 824><bool></TT 825> 826elements hold either true or false. An important limitation exists in 827the parsing of floating point numbers -- fontconfig requires that 828the mantissa start with a digit, not a decimal point, so insert a leading 829zero for purely fractional values (e.g. use 0.5 instead of .5 and -0.5 830instead of -.5). 831 </P 832></DIV 833><DIV 834CLASS="REFSECT2" 835><A 836NAME="AEN150" 837></A 838><H3 839><TT 840CLASS="LITERAL" 841><matrix></TT 842></H3 843><P 844>This element holds four numerical expressions of an affine transformation. 845At their simplest these will be four <TT 846CLASS="LITERAL" 847><double></TT 848> elements 849but they can also be more involved expressions. 850 </P 851></DIV 852><DIV 853CLASS="REFSECT2" 854><A 855NAME="AEN155" 856></A 857><H3 858><TT 859CLASS="LITERAL" 860><range></TT 861></H3 862><P 863>This element holds the two <TT 864CLASS="LITERAL" 865><int></TT 866> elements of a range 867representation. 868 </P 869></DIV 870><DIV 871CLASS="REFSECT2" 872><A 873NAME="AEN160" 874></A 875><H3 876><TT 877CLASS="LITERAL" 878><charset></TT 879></H3 880><P 881>This element holds at least one <TT 882CLASS="LITERAL" 883><int></TT 884> element of 885an Unicode code point or more. 886 </P 887></DIV 888><DIV 889CLASS="REFSECT2" 890><A 891NAME="AEN165" 892></A 893><H3 894><TT 895CLASS="LITERAL" 896><langset></TT 897></H3 898><P 899>This element holds at least one <TT 900CLASS="LITERAL" 901><string></TT 902> element of 903a RFC-3066-style languages or more. 904 </P 905></DIV 906><DIV 907CLASS="REFSECT2" 908><A 909NAME="AEN170" 910></A 911><H3 912><TT 913CLASS="LITERAL" 914><name></TT 915></H3 916><P 917>Holds a property name. Evaluates to the first value from the property of 918the pattern. If the 'target' attribute is not present, it will default to 919'default', in which case the property is returned from the font pattern 920during a target="font" match, and to the pattern during a target="pattern" 921match. The attribute can also take the values 'font' or 'pattern' to 922explicitly choose which pattern to use. It is an error to use a target 923of 'font' in a match that has target="pattern". 924 </P 925></DIV 926><DIV 927CLASS="REFSECT2" 928><A 929NAME="AEN174" 930></A 931><H3 932><TT 933CLASS="LITERAL" 934><const></TT 935></H3 936><P 937>Holds the name of a constant; these are always integers and serve as 938symbolic names for common font values: 939 <TABLE 940BORDER="0" 941BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 942WIDTH="100%" 943><TR 944><TD 945><PRE 946CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 947> Constant Property Value 948 ------------------------------------- 949 thin weight 0 950 extralight weight 40 951 ultralight weight 40 952 light weight 50 953 book weight 75 954 regular weight 80 955 normal weight 80 956 medium weight 100 957 demibold weight 180 958 semibold weight 180 959 bold weight 200 960 extrabold weight 205 961 black weight 210 962 heavy weight 210 963 roman slant 0 964 italic slant 100 965 oblique slant 110 966 ultracondensed width 50 967 extracondensed width 63 968 condensed width 75 969 semicondensed width 87 970 normal width 100 971 semiexpanded width 113 972 expanded width 125 973 extraexpanded width 150 974 ultraexpanded width 200 975 proportional spacing 0 976 dual spacing 90 977 mono spacing 100 978 charcell spacing 110 979 unknown rgba 0 980 rgb rgba 1 981 bgr rgba 2 982 vrgb rgba 3 983 vbgr rgba 4 984 none rgba 5 985 lcdnone lcdfilter 0 986 lcddefault lcdfilter 1 987 lcdlight lcdfilter 2 988 lcdlegacy lcdfilter 3 989 hintnone hintstyle 0 990 hintslight hintstyle 1 991 hintmedium hintstyle 2 992 hintfull hintstyle 3 993 </PRE 994></TD 995></TR 996></TABLE 997> 998 </P 999></DIV 1000><DIV 1001CLASS="REFSECT2" 1002><A 1003NAME="AEN179" 1004></A 1005><H3 1006><TT 1007CLASS="LITERAL" 1008><or></TT 1009>, <TT 1010CLASS="LITERAL" 1011><and></TT 1012>, <TT 1013CLASS="LITERAL" 1014><plus></TT 1015>, <TT 1016CLASS="LITERAL" 1017><minus></TT 1018>, <TT 1019CLASS="LITERAL" 1020><times></TT 1021>, <TT 1022CLASS="LITERAL" 1023><divide></TT 1024></H3 1025><P 1026>These elements perform the specified operation on a list of expression 1027elements. <TT 1028CLASS="LITERAL" 1029><or></TT 1030> and <TT 1031CLASS="LITERAL" 1032><and></TT 1033> are boolean, not bitwise. 1034 </P 1035></DIV 1036><DIV 1037CLASS="REFSECT2" 1038><A 1039NAME="AEN190" 1040></A 1041><H3 1042><TT 1043CLASS="LITERAL" 1044><eq></TT 1045>, <TT 1046CLASS="LITERAL" 1047><not_eq></TT 1048>, <TT 1049CLASS="LITERAL" 1050><less></TT 1051>, <TT 1052CLASS="LITERAL" 1053><less_eq></TT 1054>, <TT 1055CLASS="LITERAL" 1056><more></TT 1057>, <TT 1058CLASS="LITERAL" 1059><more_eq></TT 1060>, <TT 1061CLASS="LITERAL" 1062><contains></TT 1063>, <TT 1064CLASS="LITERAL" 1065><not_contains</TT 1066></H3 1067><P 1068>These elements compare two values, producing a boolean result. 1069 </P 1070></DIV 1071><DIV 1072CLASS="REFSECT2" 1073><A 1074NAME="AEN201" 1075></A 1076><H3 1077><TT 1078CLASS="LITERAL" 1079><not></TT 1080></H3 1081><P 1082>Inverts the boolean sense of its one expression element 1083 </P 1084></DIV 1085><DIV 1086CLASS="REFSECT2" 1087><A 1088NAME="AEN205" 1089></A 1090><H3 1091><TT 1092CLASS="LITERAL" 1093><if></TT 1094></H3 1095><P 1096>This element takes three expression elements; if the value of the first is 1097true, it produces the value of the second, otherwise it produces the value 1098of the third. 1099 </P 1100></DIV 1101><DIV 1102CLASS="REFSECT2" 1103><A 1104NAME="AEN209" 1105></A 1106><H3 1107><TT 1108CLASS="LITERAL" 1109><alias></TT 1110></H3 1111><P 1112>Alias elements provide a shorthand notation for the set of common match 1113operations needed to substitute one font family for another. They contain a 1114<TT 1115CLASS="LITERAL" 1116><family></TT 1117> element followed by optional <TT 1118CLASS="LITERAL" 1119><prefer></TT 1120>, <TT 1121CLASS="LITERAL" 1122><accept></TT 1123> and <TT 1124CLASS="LITERAL" 1125><default></TT 1126> 1127elements. Fonts matching the <TT 1128CLASS="LITERAL" 1129><family></TT 1130> element are edited to prepend the 1131list of <TT 1132CLASS="LITERAL" 1133><prefer></TT 1134>ed families before the matching <TT 1135CLASS="LITERAL" 1136><family></TT 1137>, append the 1138<TT 1139CLASS="LITERAL" 1140><accept></TT 1141>able families after the matching <TT 1142CLASS="LITERAL" 1143><family></TT 1144> and append the <TT 1145CLASS="LITERAL" 1146><default></TT 1147> 1148families to the end of the family list. 1149 </P 1150></DIV 1151><DIV 1152CLASS="REFSECT2" 1153><A 1154NAME="AEN223" 1155></A 1156><H3 1157><TT 1158CLASS="LITERAL" 1159><family></TT 1160></H3 1161><P 1162>Holds a single font family name 1163 </P 1164></DIV 1165><DIV 1166CLASS="REFSECT2" 1167><A 1168NAME="AEN227" 1169></A 1170><H3 1171><TT 1172CLASS="LITERAL" 1173><prefer></TT 1174>, <TT 1175CLASS="LITERAL" 1176><accept></TT 1177>, <TT 1178CLASS="LITERAL" 1179><default></TT 1180></H3 1181><P 1182>These hold a list of <TT 1183CLASS="LITERAL" 1184><family></TT 1185> elements to be used by the <TT 1186CLASS="LITERAL" 1187><alias></TT 1188> element. 1189 </P 1190></DIV 1191></DIV 1192><DIV 1193CLASS="REFSECT1" 1194><A 1195NAME="AEN235" 1196></A 1197><H2 1198>EXAMPLE CONFIGURATION FILE</H2 1199><DIV 1200CLASS="REFSECT2" 1201><A 1202NAME="AEN237" 1203></A 1204><H3 1205>System configuration file</H3 1206><P 1207>This is an example of a system-wide configuration file 1208 </P 1209><TABLE 1210BORDER="0" 1211BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 1212WIDTH="100%" 1213><TR 1214><TD 1215><PRE 1216CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 1217><?xml version="1.0"?> 1218<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd"> 1219<!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access --> 1220<fontconfig> 1221<!-- 1222 Find fonts in these directories 1223--> 1224<dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir> 1225<dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts</dir> 1226 1227<!-- 1228 Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace' 1229--> 1230<match target="pattern"> 1231 <test qual="any" name="family"><string>mono</string></test> 1232 <edit name="family" mode="assign"><string>monospace</string></edit> 1233</match> 1234 1235<!-- 1236 Names not including any well known alias are given 'sans-serif' 1237--> 1238<match target="pattern"> 1239 <test qual="all" name="family" mode="not_eq"><string>sans-serif</string></test> 1240 <test qual="all" name="family" mode="not_eq"><string>serif</string></test> 1241 <test qual="all" name="family" mode="not_eq"><string>monospace</string></test> 1242 <edit name="family" mode="append_last"><string>sans-serif</string></edit> 1243</match> 1244 1245<!-- 1246 Load per-user customization file, but don't complain 1247 if it doesn't exist 1248--> 1249<include ignore_missing="yes" prefix="xdg">fontconfig/fonts.conf</include> 1250 1251<!-- 1252 Load local customization files, but don't complain 1253 if there aren't any 1254--> 1255<include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include> 1256<include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include> 1257 1258<!-- 1259 Alias well known font names to available TrueType fonts. 1260 These substitute TrueType faces for similar Type1 1261 faces to improve screen appearance. 1262--> 1263<alias> 1264 <family>Times</family> 1265 <prefer><family>Times New Roman</family></prefer> 1266 <default><family>serif</family></default> 1267</alias> 1268<alias> 1269 <family>Helvetica</family> 1270 <prefer><family>Arial</family></prefer> 1271 <default><family>sans</family></default> 1272</alias> 1273<alias> 1274 <family>Courier</family> 1275 <prefer><family>Courier New</family></prefer> 1276 <default><family>monospace</family></default> 1277</alias> 1278 1279<!-- 1280 Provide required aliases for standard names 1281 Do these after the users configuration file so that 1282 any aliases there are used preferentially 1283--> 1284<alias> 1285 <family>serif</family> 1286 <prefer><family>Times New Roman</family></prefer> 1287</alias> 1288<alias> 1289 <family>sans</family> 1290 <prefer><family>Arial</family></prefer> 1291</alias> 1292<alias> 1293 <family>monospace</family> 1294 <prefer><family>Andale Mono</family></prefer> 1295</alias> 1296 1297<-- 1298 The example of the requirements of OR operator; 1299 If the 'family' contains 'Courier New' OR 'Courier' 1300 add 'monospace' as the alternative 1301--> 1302<match target="pattern"> 1303 <test name="family" mode="eq"> 1304 <string>Courier New</string> 1305 </test> 1306 <edit name="family" mode="prepend"> 1307 <string>monospace</string> 1308 </edit> 1309</match> 1310<match target="pattern"> 1311 <test name="family" mode="eq"> 1312 <string>Courier</string> 1313 </test> 1314 <edit name="family" mode="prepend"> 1315 <string>monospace</string> 1316 </edit> 1317</match> 1318 1319</fontconfig> 1320 </PRE 1321></TD 1322></TR 1323></TABLE 1324></DIV 1325><DIV 1326CLASS="REFSECT2" 1327><A 1328NAME="AEN241" 1329></A 1330><H3 1331>User configuration file</H3 1332><P 1333>This is an example of a per-user configuration file that lives in 1334$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf 1335 </P 1336><TABLE 1337BORDER="0" 1338BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" 1339WIDTH="100%" 1340><TR 1341><TD 1342><PRE 1343CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" 1344><?xml version="1.0"?> 1345<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd"> 1346<!-- $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf for per-user font configuration --> 1347<fontconfig> 1348 1349<!-- 1350 Private font directory 1351--> 1352<dir prefix="xdg">fonts</dir> 1353 1354<!-- 1355 use rgb sub-pixel ordering to improve glyph appearance on 1356 LCD screens. Changes affecting rendering, but not matching 1357 should always use target="font". 1358--> 1359<match target="font"> 1360 <edit name="rgba" mode="assign"><const>rgb</const></edit> 1361</match> 1362<!-- 1363 use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font when serif is requested for Chinese 1364--> 1365<match> 1366 <!-- 1367 If you don't want to use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font for zh-tw etc, 1368 you can use zh-cn instead of zh. 1369 Please note, even if you set zh-cn, it still matches zh. 1370 if you don't like it, you can use compare="eq" 1371 instead of compare="contains". 1372 --> 1373 <test name="lang" compare="contains"> 1374 <string>zh</string> 1375 </test> 1376 <test name="family"> 1377 <string>serif</string> 1378 </test> 1379 <edit name="family" mode="prepend"> 1380 <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string> 1381 </edit> 1382</match> 1383<!-- 1384 use VL Gothic font when sans-serif is requested for Japanese 1385--> 1386<match> 1387 <test name="lang" compare="contains"> 1388 <string>ja</string> 1389 </test> 1390 <test name="family"> 1391 <string>sans-serif</string> 1392 </test> 1393 <edit name="family" mode="prepend"> 1394 <string>VL Gothic</string> 1395 </edit> 1396</match> 1397</fontconfig> 1398 </PRE 1399></TD 1400></TR 1401></TABLE 1402></DIV 1403></DIV 1404><DIV 1405CLASS="REFSECT1" 1406><A 1407NAME="AEN245" 1408></A 1409><H2 1410>Files</H2 1411><P 1412><I 1413CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1414>fonts.conf</I 1415> 1416contains configuration information for the fontconfig library 1417consisting of directories to look at for font information as well as 1418instructions on editing program specified font patterns before attempting to 1419match the available fonts. It is in XML format. 1420 </P 1421><P 1422><I 1423CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1424>conf.d</I 1425> 1426is the conventional name for a directory of additional configuration files 1427managed by external applications or the local administrator. The 1428filenames starting with decimal digits are sorted in lexicographic order 1429and used as additional configuration files. All of these files are in XML 1430format. The master fonts.conf file references this directory in an 1431<include> directive. 1432 </P 1433><P 1434><I 1435CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1436>fonts.dtd</I 1437> 1438is a DTD that describes the format of the configuration files. 1439 </P 1440><P 1441><I 1442CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1443>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d</I 1444> and <I 1445CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1446>~/.fonts.conf.d</I 1447> 1448is the conventional name for a per-user directory of (typically 1449auto-generated) configuration files, although the 1450actual location is specified in the global fonts.conf file. please note that ~/.fonts.conf.d is deprecated now. it will not be read by default in the future version. 1451 </P 1452><P 1453><I 1454CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1455>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf</I 1456> and <I 1457CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1458>~/.fonts.conf</I 1459> 1460is the conventional location for per-user font configuration, although the 1461actual location is specified in the global fonts.conf file. please note that ~/.fonts.conf is deprecated now. it will not be read by default in the future version. 1462 </P 1463><P 1464><I 1465CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1466>$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig/*.cache-*</I 1467> and <I 1468CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1469> ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-*</I 1470> 1471is the conventional repository of font information that isn't found in the 1472per-directory caches. This file is automatically maintained by fontconfig. please note that ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-* is deprecated now. it will not be read by default in the future version. 1473 </P 1474></DIV 1475><DIV 1476CLASS="REFSECT1" 1477><A 1478NAME="AEN262" 1479></A 1480><H2 1481>Environment variables</H2 1482><P 1483><I 1484CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1485>FONTCONFIG_FILE</I 1486> 1487is used to override the default configuration file. 1488 </P 1489><P 1490><I 1491CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1492>FONTCONFIG_PATH</I 1493> 1494is used to override the default configuration directory. 1495 </P 1496><P 1497><I 1498CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1499>FC_DEBUG</I 1500> 1501is used to output the detailed debugging messages. see <A 1502HREF="#DEBUG" 1503>Debugging Applications</A 1504> section for more details. 1505 </P 1506><P 1507><I 1508CLASS="EMPHASIS" 1509>FONTCONFIG_USE_MMAP</I 1510> 1511is used to control the use of mmap(2) for the cache files if available. this take a boolean value. fontconfig will checks if the cache files are stored on the filesystem that is safe to use mmap(2). explicitly setting this environment variable will causes skipping this check and enforce to use or not use mmap(2) anyway. 1512 </P 1513></DIV 1514><DIV 1515CLASS="REFSECT1" 1516><A 1517NAME="AEN273" 1518></A 1519><H2 1520>See Also</H2 1521><P 1522>fc-cat(1), fc-cache(1), fc-list(1), fc-match(1), fc-query(1) 1523 </P 1524></DIV 1525><DIV 1526CLASS="REFSECT1" 1527><A 1528NAME="AEN276" 1529></A 1530><H2 1531>Version</H2 1532><P 1533>Fontconfig version 2.10.93 1534 1535 </P 1536></DIV 1537></BODY 1538></HTML 1539>