lint: condense code for ending a function

No functional change.

lint: warn about extern declarations outside headers

https://mail-index.netbsd.org/tech-userlevel/2023/03/15/msg013727.html

tests/lint: make 'expect+-' comments stricter

Previously, the expectations from these comments were already satisfied
if the expectation occurred somewhere in the actual message from lint.
This meant that the prefix 'error:' or 'warning:' could be omitted from
the 'expect' comment. These omissions were hard to see in a manual
review. Now any omissions must be visually marked with '...'.

The test msg_342 now reports its messages properly as being in the file
msg_342.c, rather than msg_341.c. This had been a copy-and-paste
mistake.

lint: add quotes around a few more placeholders in messages

tests/lint: remove work-in-progress code

The only purpose of the additional initializers was to generate an error
message, to make the .exp file non-empty. This is no longer needed.

lint: fix assertion failure for temporary objects in initialization

tests/lint: fix analysis from previous commit, add another example

This is not a GCC feature, it's required by C99 already.

tests/lint: demonstrate assertion failure in initialization