demos/guide/quic-server-block.c

/*
 *  Copyright 2024-2025 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
 *  this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
 *  in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
 *  https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
 */

/*
 * NB: Changes to this file should also be reflected in
 * doc/man7/ossl-guide-quic-server-block.pod
 */

#include <string.h>

/* Include the appropriate header file for SOCK_STREAM */
#ifdef _WIN32 /* Windows */
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#else /* Linux/Unix */
#include <err.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#include <openssl/bio.h>
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/quic.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
static const char *progname;

static void vwarnx(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
    if (progname != NULL)
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
    putc('\n', stderr);
}

static void errx(int status, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    vwarnx(fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
    exit(status);
}

static void warnx(const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list ap;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    vwarnx(fmt, ap);
    va_end(ap);
}
#endif

/*
 * ALPN strings for TLS handshake. Only 'http/1.0' and 'hq-interop'
 * are accepted.
 */
static const unsigned char alpn_ossltest[] = {
    8,
    'h',
    't',
    't',
    'p',
    '/',
    '1',
    '.',
    '0',
    10,
    'h',
    'q',
    '-',
    'i',
    'n',
    't',
    'e',
    'r',
    'o',
    'p',
};

/*
 * This callback validates and negotiates the desired ALPN on the server side.
 */
static int select_alpn(SSL *ssl, const unsigned char **out,
    unsigned char *out_len, const unsigned char *in,
    unsigned int in_len, void *arg)
{
    if (SSL_select_next_proto((unsigned char **)out, out_len, alpn_ossltest,
            sizeof(alpn_ossltest), in,
            in_len)
        == OPENSSL_NPN_NEGOTIATED)
        return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_OK;
    return SSL_TLSEXT_ERR_ALERT_FATAL;
}

/* Create SSL_CTX. */
static SSL_CTX *create_ctx(const char *cert_path, const char *key_path)
{
    SSL_CTX *ctx;

    /*
     * An SSL_CTX holds shared configuration information for multiple
     * subsequent per-client connections. We specifically load a QUIC
     * server method here.
     */
    ctx = SSL_CTX_new(OSSL_QUIC_server_method());
    if (ctx == NULL)
        goto err;

    /*
     * Load the server's certificate *chain* file (PEM format), which includes
     * not only the leaf (end-entity) server certificate, but also any
     * intermediate issuer-CA certificates.  The leaf certificate must be the
     * first certificate in the file.
     *
     * In advanced use-cases this can be called multiple times, once per public
     * key algorithm for which the server has a corresponding certificate.
     * However, the corresponding private key (see below) must be loaded first,
     * *before* moving on to the next chain file.
     *
     * The requisite files "chain.pem" and "pkey.pem" can be generated by running
     * "make chain" in this directory.  If the server will be executed from some
     * other directory, move or copy the files there.
     */
    if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(ctx, cert_path) <= 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "couldn't load certificate file: %s\n", cert_path);
        goto err;
    }

    /*
     * Load the corresponding private key, this also checks that the private
     * key matches the just loaded end-entity certificate.  It does not check
     * whether the certificate chain is valid, the certificates could be
     * expired, or may otherwise fail to form a chain that a client can validate.
     */
    if (SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ctx, key_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) <= 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "couldn't load key file: %s\n", key_path);
        goto err;
    }

    /*
     * Clients rarely employ certificate-based authentication, and so we don't
     * require "mutual" TLS authentication (indeed there's no way to know
     * whether or how the client authenticated the server, so the term "mutual"
     * is potentially misleading).
     *
     * Since we're not soliciting or processing client certificates, we don't
     * need to configure a trusted-certificate store, so no call to
     * SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths() is needed.  The server's own
     * certificate chain is assumed valid.
     */
    SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, NULL);

    /* Setup ALPN negotiation callback to decide which ALPN is accepted. */
    SSL_CTX_set_alpn_select_cb(ctx, select_alpn, NULL);

    return ctx;

err:
    SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
    return NULL;
}

/* Create UDP socket on the given port. */
static int create_socket(uint16_t port)
{
    int fd;
    struct sockaddr_in sa = { 0 };

    /* Retrieve the file descriptor for a new UDP socket */
    if ((fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "cannot create socket");
        goto err;
    }

    sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sa.sin_port = htons(port);

    /* Bind to the new UDP socket on localhost */
    if (bind(fd, (const struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "cannot bind to %u\n", port);
        BIO_closesocket(fd);
        goto err;
    }

    return fd;

err:
    BIO_closesocket(fd);
    return -1;
}

/*
 * Main loop for server to accept QUIC connections.
 * Echo every request back to the client.
 */
static int run_quic_server(SSL_CTX *ctx, int fd)
{
    int ok = 0;
    SSL *listener, *conn;
    unsigned char buf[8192];
    size_t nread;
    size_t nwritten;

    /*
     * Create a new QUIC listener. Listeners, and other QUIC objects, default
     * to operating in blocking mode. The configured behaviour is inherited by
     * child objects.
     */
    if ((listener = SSL_new_listener(ctx, 0)) == NULL)
        goto err;

    /* Provide the listener with our UDP socket. */
    if (!SSL_set_fd(listener, fd))
        goto err;

    /* Begin listening. */
    if (!SSL_listen(listener))
        goto err;

    /*
     * Begin an infinite loop of listening for connections. We will only
     * exit this loop if we encounter an error.
     */
    for (;;) {
        /* Pristine error stack for each new connection */
        ERR_clear_error();

        /* Block while waiting for a client connection */
        printf("Waiting for connection\n");
        conn = SSL_accept_connection(listener, 0);
        if (conn == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "error while accepting connection\n");
            goto err;
        }
        printf("Accepted new connection\n");

        /* Echo client input */
        while (SSL_read_ex(conn, buf, sizeof(buf), &nread) > 0) {
            if (SSL_write_ex(conn, buf, nread, &nwritten) > 0
                && nwritten == nread)
                continue;
            fprintf(stderr, "Error echoing client input");
            break;
        }

        /* Signal the end of the stream. */
        if (SSL_stream_conclude(conn, 0) != 1) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Unable to conclude stream\n");
            SSL_free(conn);
            goto err;
        }

        /*
         * Shut down the connection. We may need to call this multiple times
         * to ensure the connection is shutdown completely.
         */
        while (SSL_shutdown(conn) != 1)
            continue;

        SSL_free(conn);
    }

err:
    SSL_free(listener);
    return ok;
}

/* Minimal QUIC HTTP/1.0 server. */
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int res = EXIT_FAILURE;
    SSL_CTX *ctx = NULL;
    int fd;
    unsigned long port;
#ifdef _WIN32
    static const char *progname;

    progname = argv[0];
#endif

    if (argc != 4)
        errx(res, "usage: %s <port> <server.crt> <server.key>", argv[0]);

    /* Create SSL_CTX that supports QUIC. */
    if ((ctx = create_ctx(argv[2], argv[3])) == NULL) {
        ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
        errx(res, "Failed to create context");
    }

    /* Parse port number from command line arguments. */
    port = strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 0);
    if (port == 0 || port > UINT16_MAX) {
        SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
        errx(res, "Failed to parse port number");
    }

    /* Create and bind a UDP socket. */
    if ((fd = create_socket((uint16_t)port)) < 0) {
        SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
        ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
        errx(res, "Failed to create socket");
    }

    /* QUIC server connection acceptance loop. */
    if (!run_quic_server(ctx, fd)) {
        SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
        BIO_closesocket(fd);
        ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
        errx(res, "Error in QUIC server loop");
    }

    /* Free resources. */
    SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
    BIO_closesocket(fd);
    res = EXIT_SUCCESS;
    return res;
}