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Title "PEM_read 3"
way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.nh
\s-1PEM\s0 is the term used for binary content encoding first defined in \s-1IETF RFC 1421.\s0 The content is a series of base64-encoded lines, surrounded by begin/end markers each on their own line. For example:
.Vb 4 -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- MIICdg.... ... bhTQ== -----END PRIVATE KEY----- .Ve
Optional header line(s) may appear after the begin line, and their existence depends on the type of object being written or read.
\fBPEM_write() writes to the file fp, while PEM_write_bio() writes to the \s-1BIO\s0 bp. The name is the name to use in the marker, the \fBheader is the header value or \s-1NULL,\s0 and data and len specify the data and its length.
The final data buffer is typically an \s-1ASN.1\s0 object which can be decoded with the d2i function appropriate to the type name; see d2i_X509\|(3) for examples.
\fBPEM_read() reads from the file fp, while PEM_read_bio() reads from the \s-1BIO\s0 bp. Both skip any non-PEM data that precedes the start of the next \s-1PEM\s0 object. When an object is successfully retrieved, the type name from the \*(L"----BEGIN <type>-----\*(R" is returned via the name argument, any encapsulation headers are returned in header and the base64-decoded content and its length are returned via data and len respectively. The name, header and data pointers are allocated via OPENSSL_malloc() and should be freed by the caller via OPENSSL_free() when no longer needed.
\fBPEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO() can be used to determine the data returned by \fBPEM_read() or PEM_read_bio() is encrypted and to retrieve the associated cipher and \s-1IV.\s0 The caller passes a pointer to structure of type \s-1EVP_CIPHER_INFO\s0 via the \fBcinfo argument and the header returned via PEM_read() or PEM_read_bio(). If the call is successful 1 is returned and the cipher and \s-1IV\s0 are stored at the address pointed to by cinfo. When the header is malformed, or not supported or when the cipher is unknown or some internal error happens 0 is returned. This function is deprecated, see \s-1NOTES\s0 below.
\fBPEM_do_header() can then be used to decrypt the data if the header indicates encryption. The cinfo argument is a pointer to the structure initialized by the previous call to PEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO(). The data and len arguments are those returned by the previous call to \fBPEM_read() or PEM_read_bio(). The cb and u arguments make it possible to override the default password prompt function as described in PEM_read_PrivateKey\|(3). On successful completion the data is decrypted in place, and len is updated to indicate the plaintext length. This function is deprecated, see \s-1NOTES\s0 below.
If the data is a priori known to not be encrypted, then neither PEM_do_header() nor PEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO() need be called.
\fBPEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO() and PEM_do_header() return 1 on success, and 0 on failure. The data is likely meaningless if these functions fail.
\fBPEM_do_header() makes no assumption regarding the pass phrase received from the password callback. It will simply be treated as a byte sequence.
Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the \*(L"License\*(R"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
Indexes created Wed Apr 22 00:22:44 UTC 2026