1 ------------- 2 INTRODUCTION: 3 ------------- 4 Last revision: 06-Jul-1994 5 6 Included in this distribution of XNTP V3 is a configuration file suitable 7 for use under Apple's A/UX Version 3.x.x There is also one for A/UX 2.0.1 8 but it has not been fully tested. To make the executables follow the steps 9 outlined below. 10 11 *** NOTE: You must have gcc installed to successfully compile the current 12 distribution; the native cc supplied with A/UX will NOT correctly compile 13 this source. See the FAQ in comp.unix.aux for places to obtain gcc from 14 and how to install it. 15 16 ---------------------- 17 MAKING XNTPD FOR A/UX: 18 ---------------------- 19 20 First, you need to create the makefiles (after you've downloaded the 21 source, of course): 22 23 % make clean 24 % make refconf 25 26 After that, you should edit Config.local to make sure that BINDIR is 27 correct for where you wish the programs to be "installed". The default 28 (and what I use) is /usr/local/etc. Make sure that DEFS_LOCAL and 29 CLOCKDEFS are commented out! Presently, only the LOCAL_CLOCK/REFCLOCK 30 clock is used and supported. 31 32 33 After this is done (you should be told that your system is A/UX 3), make 34 'xntpd' (the options to 'gcc' are held in compilers/aux3.gcc): 35 36 % make 37 38 I do not normally use the `make install' option and so have not verified its 39 compatibility with A/UX. Rather, I pull out each of the executables and 40 place them in the locally appropriate locations. 41 42 --------------- 43 STARTING XNTPD: 44 --------------- 45 46 At this point you need to set things up so that 'xntpd' is started upon 47 boot-up. You can do this in 1 of 2 ways: either add entries in /etc/inittab 48 or, more ideally, create and use an /etc/rc.local file. Since rc.local is 49 what I recommend, here's how you do it: 50 51 By default, A/UX doesn't have rc.local, so you'll need to add the following to 52 /etc/inittab: 53 54 net6:2:wait:/etc/syslogd # set to "wait" to run a syslog daemon 55 + jmj0:2:wait:/etc/rc.local 1>/dev/syscon 2>&1 # Local stuff 56 dbg2::wait:/etc/telinit v # turn off init's verbose mode 57 58 Now, the look of a sample /etc/rc.local is as follows: 59 60 #!/bin/sh 61 : 62 : rc.local 63 : 64 # @(#)Copyright Apple Computer 1987 Version 1.17 of rc.sh on 91/11/08 15:56:21 (ATT 1.12) 65 66 67 # Push line discipline/set the device so it will print 68 /etc/line_sane 1 69 echo " " 70 echo "Entering rc.local..." 71 72 set `/bin/who -r` 73 if [ "$7" = 2 ] 74 then 75 /bin/echo " now setting the time..." 76 /usr/local/etc/ntpdate -s -b <host.domain> 77 sleep 5 78 # 79 # start up 'xntpd' if we want 80 # 81 if [ -f /etc/ntp.conf ] 82 then 83 /bin/echo " setting tick and tickadj..." 84 /usr/local/etc/tickadj -t 16672 -a 54 85 sleep 5 86 /bin/echo " starting xntpd..." 87 /usr/local/etc/xntpd <&- > /dev/null 2>&1 88 sleep 5 89 fi 90 # 91 fi 92 93 echo "Leaving rc.local..." 94 95 There are a few things to notice about the above: 96 97 o When run, 'ntpdate' forces your clock to the time returned by the 98 host(s) specified by <host.domain> (you'll need to replace this 99 be the IP address(es) of your timehosts. This is good since it gets 100 things close to start off with. You can use more than one time 101 server. 102 103 o 'tickadj' is also called. This does two things: changes the 104 default value of 'tick' (which the the amount of time, in ms, that 105 is added to the clock every 1/60 seconds) and changes the value 106 of 'tickadj' which the the amount that is added or subtracted 107 from 'tickadj' when adjtime() is called. 108 109 Now Mac clocks are pretty bad and tend to be slow. Sooo, instead of 110 having A/UX add the default of 16666ms every 1/60th of a second, you 111 may want it to add more (or less) so that it keeps better time. The 112 above value works for me but your "best" value may be different and 113 will likely require some fooling around to find the best value. As a 114 general rule of thumb, if you see 'xntpd' make a lot of negative clock 115 adjustments, then your clock is fast and you'll need to _decrease_ 116 the value of 'tick'. If your adjustments are positive, then you need 117 to increase 'tick'. To make a guess on how fast/slow your clock is, 118 use 'ntpdate' to sync your clock. Now watch 'xntpd' and see how it 119 operates. If, for example, it resets your clock by 1 second every 30 120 minutes, then your clock is (1/(30*60)) is about 0.056% off and you'll 121 need to adjust 'tick' by 16666*0.00056 or about 9 (i.e. 'tick' should 122 be ~16675 if slow or ~16657 if fast) 123 124 A/UX's default value of 'tickadj' is 1666 which is too big for 125 'xntpd'... so it also needs to be adjusted. I like using larger 126 values then the recommended value of 9 for 'tickadj' (although not 127 anything near as big as 1666) since this allows for quick slews 128 when adjusting the clock. Even with semi-large values of 'tickadj' 129 (~200), getting 5ms (1/200 s) accuracy is easy. 130 131 132 Finally, before A/UX and 'xntpd' will work happily together, you need to 133 patch the kernel. This is due to the fact that A/UX attempts to keep the 134 UNIX-software clock and the Mac-hardware clock in sync. Neither the h/w or 135 the s/w clock are too accurate. Also, 'xntpd' will be attempting to adjust 136 the software clock as well, so having A/UX muck around with it is asking 137 for headaches. What you therefore need to do is tell the kernel _not_ to 138 sync the s/w clock with the h/w one. This is done using 'adb'. The 139 following is a shell script that will do the patch for you: 140 141 #! /bin/sh 142 adb -w /unix <<! 143 init_time_fix_timeout?4i 144 init_time_fix_timeout?w 0x4e75 145 init_time_fix_timeout?4i 146 $q 147 ! 148 149 This must be done _every_ time you create a new kernel (via newconfig or 150 newunix) or else 'xntpd' will go crazy. 151 152 -------- 153 HISTORY: 154 -------- 155 156 John Dundas was the original porter of 'xntpd' and a lot of the additions 157 and A/UX-ports are from him. I got involved when I wanted to run 'xntpd' 158 on jagubox. It was also around this time that the base-patchlevel of 159 'xntpd' changed relatively (the so-called "jones" version). Since then, 160 I've been maintaining 'xntpd' for A/UX for the xntp development team 161 162 The original kernel patch (which patched 'time_fix_timeout') was from 163 Richard Todd. I suggest patching 'init_time_fix_timeout' which prevents 164 'time_fix_timeout' from even being called. 165 166 ---------------- 167 TECHNICAL NOTES: 168 ---------------- 169 170 o As configured (see machines/aux3), 'xntpd' will log messages via syslogd 171 using the LOC_LOCAL1 facility. I would suggest the following in 172 /etc/syslog.conf: 173 174 local1.notice /usr/adm/ntpd-syslog 175 176 o As mentioned above, the clocks on A/UX and Macs are kinda bad. Not 177 only that, but logging in and out of the MacOS mode as well as 178 extensive floppy use causes A/UX to drop and lose clock interupts 179 (these are sent every 1/60th of a second). So, if you do these 180 activities a lot, you find out that you lose about 300ms of time 181 (i.e., you become 300ms slow). 'xntpd' default way of handling this 182 is to called 'settimeofday()' and step the clock to the correct 183 time. I prefer having 'xntpd' slew the clock back into line by 184 making gradual adjustments to the clock over a coupla minutes 185 or so. It's for this reason that SLEWALWAYS is defined in 186 include/ntp_machine.h for SYS_AUX3. It's also for this reason than 187 I like larger values of 'tickadj'. 188 189 Good luck! If you have problems under A/UX feel free to contact me (e-mail 190 is preferred). 191 -- 192 Jim Jagielski | "That is no ordinary rabbit... 'tis the 193 jim (a] jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov | most foul, cruel and bad-tempered 194 NASA/GSFC, Code 734.4 | rodent you ever set eyes on" 195 Greenbelt, MD 20771 | Tim the Enchanter 196
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