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      1 // Implementation of std::reference_wrapper -*- C++ -*-
      2 
      3 // Copyright (C) 2004-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
      4 //
      5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
      6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
      7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
      8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
      9 // any later version.
     10 
     11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
     15 
     16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
     17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
     18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
     19 
     20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
     21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
     22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
     23 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
     24 
     25 /** @file include/bits/refwrap.h
     26  *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
     27  *  Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{functional}
     28  */
     29 
     30 #ifndef _GLIBCXX_REFWRAP_H
     31 #define _GLIBCXX_REFWRAP_H 1
     32 
     33 #pragma GCC system_header
     34 
     35 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
     36 
     37 #include <bits/move.h>
     38 #include <bits/invoke.h>
     39 #include <bits/stl_function.h> // for unary_function and binary_function
     40 
     41 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
     42 {
     43 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
     44 
     45   /// @cond undocumented
     46 
     47   /**
     48    * Derives from @c unary_function or @c binary_function, or perhaps
     49    * nothing, depending on the number of arguments provided. The
     50    * primary template is the basis case, which derives nothing.
     51    */
     52   template<typename _Res, typename... _ArgTypes>
     53     struct _Maybe_unary_or_binary_function { };
     54 
     55 // Ignore warnings about unary_function and binary_function.
     56 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
     57 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
     58 
     59   /// Derives from @c unary_function, as appropriate.
     60   template<typename _Res, typename _T1>
     61     struct _Maybe_unary_or_binary_function<_Res, _T1>
     62     : std::unary_function<_T1, _Res> { };
     63 
     64   /// Derives from @c binary_function, as appropriate.
     65   template<typename _Res, typename _T1, typename _T2>
     66     struct _Maybe_unary_or_binary_function<_Res, _T1, _T2>
     67     : std::binary_function<_T1, _T2, _Res> { };
     68 
     69 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
     70 
     71   template<typename _Signature>
     72     struct _Mem_fn_traits;
     73 
     74   template<typename _Res, typename _Class, typename... _ArgTypes>
     75     struct _Mem_fn_traits_base
     76     {
     77       using __result_type = _Res;
     78       using __maybe_type
     79 	= _Maybe_unary_or_binary_function<_Res, _Class*, _ArgTypes...>;
     80       using __arity = integral_constant<size_t, sizeof...(_ArgTypes)>;
     81     };
     82 
     83 #define _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS2(_CV, _REF, _LVAL, _RVAL)		\
     84   template<typename _Res, typename _Class, typename... _ArgTypes>	\
     85     struct _Mem_fn_traits<_Res (_Class::*)(_ArgTypes...) _CV _REF>	\
     86     : _Mem_fn_traits_base<_Res, _CV _Class, _ArgTypes...>		\
     87     {									\
     88       using __vararg = false_type;					\
     89     };									\
     90   template<typename _Res, typename _Class, typename... _ArgTypes>	\
     91     struct _Mem_fn_traits<_Res (_Class::*)(_ArgTypes... ...) _CV _REF>	\
     92     : _Mem_fn_traits_base<_Res, _CV _Class, _ArgTypes...>		\
     93     {									\
     94       using __vararg = true_type;					\
     95     };
     96 
     97 #define _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS(_REF, _LVAL, _RVAL)		\
     98   _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS2(		, _REF, _LVAL, _RVAL)	\
     99   _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS2(const		, _REF, _LVAL, _RVAL)	\
    100   _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS2(volatile	, _REF, _LVAL, _RVAL)	\
    101   _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS2(const volatile, _REF, _LVAL, _RVAL)
    102 
    103 _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS( , true_type, true_type)
    104 _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS(&, true_type, false_type)
    105 _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS(&&, false_type, true_type)
    106 
    107 #if __cplusplus > 201402L
    108 _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS(noexcept, true_type, true_type)
    109 _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS(& noexcept, true_type, false_type)
    110 _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS(&& noexcept, false_type, true_type)
    111 #endif
    112 
    113 #undef _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS
    114 #undef _GLIBCXX_MEM_FN_TRAITS2
    115 
    116   /// If we have found a result_type, extract it.
    117   template<typename _Functor, typename = __void_t<>>
    118     struct _Maybe_get_result_type
    119     { };
    120 
    121   template<typename _Functor>
    122     struct _Maybe_get_result_type<_Functor,
    123 				  __void_t<typename _Functor::result_type>>
    124     { typedef typename _Functor::result_type result_type; };
    125 
    126   /**
    127    *  Base class for any function object that has a weak result type, as
    128    *  defined in 20.8.2 [func.require] of C++11.
    129   */
    130   template<typename _Functor>
    131     struct _Weak_result_type_impl
    132     : _Maybe_get_result_type<_Functor>
    133     { };
    134 
    135   /// Retrieve the result type for a function type.
    136   template<typename _Res, typename... _ArgTypes _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    137     struct _Weak_result_type_impl<_Res(_ArgTypes...) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    138     { typedef _Res result_type; };
    139 
    140   /// Retrieve the result type for a varargs function type.
    141   template<typename _Res, typename... _ArgTypes _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    142     struct _Weak_result_type_impl<_Res(_ArgTypes......) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    143     { typedef _Res result_type; };
    144 
    145   /// Retrieve the result type for a function pointer.
    146   template<typename _Res, typename... _ArgTypes _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    147     struct _Weak_result_type_impl<_Res(*)(_ArgTypes...) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    148     { typedef _Res result_type; };
    149 
    150   /// Retrieve the result type for a varargs function pointer.
    151   template<typename _Res, typename... _ArgTypes _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    152     struct
    153     _Weak_result_type_impl<_Res(*)(_ArgTypes......) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    154     { typedef _Res result_type; };
    155 
    156   // Let _Weak_result_type_impl perform the real work.
    157   template<typename _Functor,
    158 	   bool = is_member_function_pointer<_Functor>::value>
    159     struct _Weak_result_type_memfun
    160     : _Weak_result_type_impl<_Functor>
    161     { };
    162 
    163   // A pointer to member function has a weak result type.
    164   template<typename _MemFunPtr>
    165     struct _Weak_result_type_memfun<_MemFunPtr, true>
    166     {
    167       using result_type = typename _Mem_fn_traits<_MemFunPtr>::__result_type;
    168     };
    169 
    170   // A pointer to data member doesn't have a weak result type.
    171   template<typename _Func, typename _Class>
    172     struct _Weak_result_type_memfun<_Func _Class::*, false>
    173     { };
    174 
    175   /**
    176    *  Strip top-level cv-qualifiers from the function object and let
    177    *  _Weak_result_type_memfun perform the real work.
    178   */
    179   template<typename _Functor>
    180     struct _Weak_result_type
    181     : _Weak_result_type_memfun<typename remove_cv<_Functor>::type>
    182     { };
    183 
    184 #if __cplusplus <= 201703L
    185   // Detect nested argument_type.
    186   template<typename _Tp, typename = __void_t<>>
    187     struct _Refwrap_base_arg1
    188     { };
    189 
    190   // Nested argument_type.
    191   template<typename _Tp>
    192     struct _Refwrap_base_arg1<_Tp,
    193 			      __void_t<typename _Tp::argument_type>>
    194     {
    195       typedef typename _Tp::argument_type argument_type;
    196     };
    197 
    198   // Detect nested first_argument_type and second_argument_type.
    199   template<typename _Tp, typename = __void_t<>>
    200     struct _Refwrap_base_arg2
    201     { };
    202 
    203   // Nested first_argument_type and second_argument_type.
    204   template<typename _Tp>
    205     struct _Refwrap_base_arg2<_Tp,
    206 			      __void_t<typename _Tp::first_argument_type,
    207 				       typename _Tp::second_argument_type>>
    208     {
    209       typedef typename _Tp::first_argument_type first_argument_type;
    210       typedef typename _Tp::second_argument_type second_argument_type;
    211     };
    212 
    213   /**
    214    *  Derives from unary_function or binary_function when it
    215    *  can. Specializations handle all of the easy cases. The primary
    216    *  template determines what to do with a class type, which may
    217    *  derive from both unary_function and binary_function.
    218   */
    219   template<typename _Tp>
    220     struct _Reference_wrapper_base
    221     : _Weak_result_type<_Tp>, _Refwrap_base_arg1<_Tp>, _Refwrap_base_arg2<_Tp>
    222     { };
    223 
    224 // Ignore warnings about unary_function and binary_function.
    225 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
    226 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
    227 
    228   // - a function type (unary)
    229   template<typename _Res, typename _T1 _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    230     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    231     : unary_function<_T1, _Res>
    232     { };
    233 
    234   template<typename _Res, typename _T1>
    235     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1) const>
    236     : unary_function<_T1, _Res>
    237     { };
    238 
    239   template<typename _Res, typename _T1>
    240     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1) volatile>
    241     : unary_function<_T1, _Res>
    242     { };
    243 
    244   template<typename _Res, typename _T1>
    245     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1) const volatile>
    246     : unary_function<_T1, _Res>
    247     { };
    248 
    249   // - a function type (binary)
    250   template<typename _Res, typename _T1, typename _T2 _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    251     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1, _T2) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    252     : binary_function<_T1, _T2, _Res>
    253     { };
    254 
    255   template<typename _Res, typename _T1, typename _T2>
    256     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1, _T2) const>
    257     : binary_function<_T1, _T2, _Res>
    258     { };
    259 
    260   template<typename _Res, typename _T1, typename _T2>
    261     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1, _T2) volatile>
    262     : binary_function<_T1, _T2, _Res>
    263     { };
    264 
    265   template<typename _Res, typename _T1, typename _T2>
    266     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(_T1, _T2) const volatile>
    267     : binary_function<_T1, _T2, _Res>
    268     { };
    269 
    270   // - a function pointer type (unary)
    271   template<typename _Res, typename _T1 _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    272     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(*)(_T1) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    273     : unary_function<_T1, _Res>
    274     { };
    275 
    276   // - a function pointer type (binary)
    277   template<typename _Res, typename _T1, typename _T2 _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_PARM>
    278     struct _Reference_wrapper_base<_Res(*)(_T1, _T2) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT_QUAL>
    279     : binary_function<_T1, _T2, _Res>
    280     { };
    281 
    282   template<typename _Tp, bool = is_member_function_pointer<_Tp>::value>
    283     struct _Reference_wrapper_base_memfun
    284     : _Reference_wrapper_base<_Tp>
    285     { };
    286 
    287   template<typename _MemFunPtr>
    288     struct _Reference_wrapper_base_memfun<_MemFunPtr, true>
    289     : _Mem_fn_traits<_MemFunPtr>::__maybe_type
    290     {
    291       using result_type = typename _Mem_fn_traits<_MemFunPtr>::__result_type;
    292     };
    293 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
    294 #endif // ! C++20
    295 
    296   /// @endcond
    297 
    298   /**
    299    *  @brief Primary class template for reference_wrapper.
    300    *  @ingroup functors
    301    */
    302   template<typename _Tp>
    303     class reference_wrapper
    304 #if __cplusplus <= 201703L
    305     // In C++20 std::reference_wrapper<T> allows T to be incomplete,
    306     // so checking for nested types could result in ODR violations.
    307     : public _Reference_wrapper_base_memfun<typename remove_cv<_Tp>::type>
    308 #endif
    309     {
    310       _Tp* _M_data;
    311 
    312       _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    313       static _Tp* _S_fun(_Tp& __r) noexcept { return std::__addressof(__r); }
    314 
    315       static void _S_fun(_Tp&&) = delete;
    316 
    317       template<typename _Up, typename _Up2 = __remove_cvref_t<_Up>>
    318 	using __not_same
    319 	  = typename enable_if<!is_same<reference_wrapper, _Up2>::value>::type;
    320 
    321     public:
    322       typedef _Tp type;
    323 
    324       // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
    325       // 2993. reference_wrapper<T> conversion from T&&
    326       // 3041. Unnecessary decay in reference_wrapper
    327       template<typename _Up, typename = __not_same<_Up>, typename
    328 		= decltype(reference_wrapper::_S_fun(std::declval<_Up>()))>
    329 	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    330 	reference_wrapper(_Up&& __uref)
    331 	noexcept(noexcept(reference_wrapper::_S_fun(std::declval<_Up>())))
    332 	: _M_data(reference_wrapper::_S_fun(std::forward<_Up>(__uref)))
    333 	{ }
    334 
    335       reference_wrapper(const reference_wrapper&) = default;
    336 
    337       reference_wrapper&
    338       operator=(const reference_wrapper&) = default;
    339 
    340       _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    341       operator _Tp&() const noexcept
    342       { return this->get(); }
    343 
    344       _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    345       _Tp&
    346       get() const noexcept
    347       { return *_M_data; }
    348 
    349       template<typename... _Args>
    350 	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    351 	typename __invoke_result<_Tp&, _Args...>::type
    352 	operator()(_Args&&... __args) const
    353 	noexcept(__is_nothrow_invocable<_Tp&, _Args...>::value)
    354 	{
    355 #if __cplusplus > 201703L
    356 	  if constexpr (is_object_v<type>)
    357 	    static_assert(sizeof(type), "type must be complete");
    358 #endif
    359 	  return std::__invoke(get(), std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
    360 	}
    361     };
    362 
    363 #if __cpp_deduction_guides
    364   template<typename _Tp>
    365     reference_wrapper(_Tp&) -> reference_wrapper<_Tp>;
    366 #endif
    367 
    368   /// @relates reference_wrapper @{
    369 
    370   /// Denotes a reference should be taken to a variable.
    371   template<typename _Tp>
    372     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    373     inline reference_wrapper<_Tp>
    374     ref(_Tp& __t) noexcept
    375     { return reference_wrapper<_Tp>(__t); }
    376 
    377   /// Denotes a const reference should be taken to a variable.
    378   template<typename _Tp>
    379     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    380     inline reference_wrapper<const _Tp>
    381     cref(const _Tp& __t) noexcept
    382     { return reference_wrapper<const _Tp>(__t); }
    383 
    384   template<typename _Tp>
    385     void ref(const _Tp&&) = delete;
    386 
    387   template<typename _Tp>
    388     void cref(const _Tp&&) = delete;
    389 
    390   /// std::ref overload to prevent wrapping a reference_wrapper
    391   template<typename _Tp>
    392     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    393     inline reference_wrapper<_Tp>
    394     ref(reference_wrapper<_Tp> __t) noexcept
    395     { return __t; }
    396 
    397   /// std::cref overload to prevent wrapping a reference_wrapper
    398   template<typename _Tp>
    399     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
    400     inline reference_wrapper<const _Tp>
    401     cref(reference_wrapper<_Tp> __t) noexcept
    402     { return { __t.get() }; }
    403 
    404   /// @}
    405 
    406 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
    407 } // namespace std
    408 
    409 #endif // C++11
    410 
    411 #endif // _GLIBCXX_REFWRAP_H
    412