testsuite/gdb.base/attach.exp

# Copyright 1997-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

require can_spawn_for_attach

standard_testfile attach.c attach2.c attach3.c
set binfile2 ${binfile}2
set binfile3 ${binfile}3
set escapedbinfile  [string_to_regexp $binfile]

#execute_anywhere "rm -f ${binfile} ${binfile2}"
remote_exec build "rm -f ${binfile} ${binfile2} ${binfile3}"
# For debugging this test
#
#log_user 1

# build the first test case
#
if  { [gdb_compile "${srcdir}/${subdir}/${srcfile}" "${binfile}" executable {debug}] != "" } {
    untested "failed to compile"
    return -1
}

# Build the in-system-call test

if  { [gdb_compile "${srcdir}/${subdir}/${srcfile2}" "${binfile2}" executable {debug}] != "" } {
    untested "failed to compile in-system-call test"
    return -1
}

# Build the third file, used to check attach when the exec-file has changed.

if  { [gdb_compile "${srcdir}/${subdir}/${srcfile3}" "${binfile3}" executable {debug}] != "" } {
    untested "failed to compile attach exec-file changed test"
    return -1
}

# This is a test of the error cases for gdb's ability to attach to a
# running process.

proc_with_prefix do_attach_failure_tests {} {
    global gdb_prompt
    global binfile
    global escapedbinfile
    global srcfile

    clean_restart
    gdb_load $binfile

    # Figure out a regular expression that will match the sysroot,
    # noting that the default sysroot is "target:", and also noting
    # that GDB will strip "target:" from the start of filenames when
    # operating on the local filesystem.  However the default sysroot
    # can be set via configure option --with-sysroot, which can be "/".
    # If $binfile is a absolute path, so pattern
    # "$sysroot$escapedbinfile" below is wrong.  Use [^\r\n]* to make
    # $sysroot simple.
    set sysroot "\[^\r\n\]*"

    # Start the program running and then wait for a bit, to be sure
    # that it can be attached to.

    set test_spawn_id [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile]
    set testpid [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id]

    # Verify that we cannot attach to nonsense.

    set test "attach to nonsense is prohibited"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach abc" "$test" {
	-re "Illegal process-id: abc\\.\r\n$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*, process .*couldn't open /proc file.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected from /proc-based systems.
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Can't attach to process..*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on Cygwin
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    fail "$test (bogus pid allowed)"
	}
    }

    # Verify that we cannot attach to nonsense even if its initial part is
    # a valid PID.

    set test "attach to digits-starting nonsense is prohibited"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach ${testpid}x" "$test" {
	-re "Illegal process-id: ${testpid}x\\.\r\n$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*, process .*couldn't open /proc file.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected from /proc-based systems.
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Can't attach to process..*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on Cygwin
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    fail "$test (bogus pid allowed)"
	}
    }

    # Verify that we cannot attach to what appears to be a valid
    # process ID, but is a process that doesn't exist.  Traditionally,
    # most systems didn't have a process with ID 0, so we take that as
    # the default.  However, there are a few exceptions.

    set boguspid 0
    if { [istarget "*-*-*bsd*"] } {
	# In FreeBSD 5.0, PID 0 is used for "swapper".  Use -1 instead
	# (which should have the desired effect on any version of
	# FreeBSD, and probably other *BSD's too).
	set boguspid -1
    }
    set test "attach to nonexistent process is prohibited"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $boguspid" "$test" {
	-re "Attaching to.*, process $boguspid.*No such process.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on ptrace-based systems (i.e. HP-UX 10.20).
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*, process $boguspid failed.*Hint.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on ttrace-based systems (i.e. HP-UX 11.0).
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*, process $boguspid.*denied.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*, process $boguspid.*not permitted.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*, process .*couldn't open /proc file.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected from /proc-based systems.
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Can't attach to process..*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on Cygwin
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*, process $boguspid.*failed.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on the extended-remote target.
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    # Verify that we can't double attach to the process.

    set test "first attach"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test" {
	-re "Attaching to program.*`?$escapedbinfile'?, process $testpid.*main.*at .*$srcfile:.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to program.*`?$escapedbinfile\.exe'?, process $testpid.*\[Switching to thread $testpid\..*\].*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on Cygwin.
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    gdb_test "add-inferior" "Added inferior 2.*" "add empty inferior 2"
    gdb_test "inferior 2" "Switching to inferior 2.*" "switch to inferior 2"

    set test "fail to attach again"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test" {
	-re "Attaching to process $testpid.*warning: process .* is already traced by process .*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to process .* failed.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected when using gdbserver.
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    # To ensure the target is still alive and working after this, try to run
    # inferior 1.
    gdb_test_no_output "set confirm off"
    gdb_test "inferior 1" "Switching to inferior 1.*" "switch to inferior 1"

    gdb_test "kill" "killed.*" "exit after attach failures"

    # This can probably be replaced with a call to runto or runto_main once
    # the kfail is removed.
    gdb_breakpoint "main"
    gdb_run_cmd
    gdb_test_multiple "" "stop at main" {
	-wrap -re "Breakpoint $::decimal, main .*" {
	    pass $gdb_test_name
	}
    }

    # Another "don't leave a process around"
    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id
}

# This is a test of gdb's ability to attach to a running process.

proc_with_prefix do_attach_tests {} {
    global gdb_prompt
    global binfile
    global escapedbinfile
    global srcfile
    global timeout
    global decimal

    clean_restart
    gdb_load $binfile

    # Figure out a regular expression that will match the sysroot,
    # noting that the default sysroot is "target:", and also noting
    # that GDB will strip "target:" from the start of filenames when
    # operating on the local filesystem.  However the default sysroot
    # can be set via configure option --with-sysroot, which can be "/".
    # If $binfile is a absolute path, so pattern
    # "$sysroot$escapedbinfile" below is wrong.  Use [^\r\n]* to make
    # $sysroot simple.
    set sysroot "\[^\r\n\]*"

    # Start the program running and then wait for a bit, to be sure
    # that it can be attached to.

    set test_spawn_id [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile]
    set testpid [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id]

    # Verify that we can attach to the process by first giving its
    # executable name via the file command, and using attach with the
    # process ID.

    # (Actually, the test system appears to do this automatically for
    # us.  So, we must also be prepared to be asked if we want to
    # discard an existing set of symbols.)

    set test "set file, before attach1"
    gdb_test_multiple "file $binfile" "$test" {
	-re "Load new symbol table from.*y or n. $" {
	    gdb_test "y" "Reading symbols from $escapedbinfile\.\.\.*" \
		"$test (re-read)"
	}
	-re "Reading symbols from $escapedbinfile\.\.\.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    set test "attach1, after setting file"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test" {
	-re "Attaching to program.*`?$escapedbinfile'?, process $testpid.*main.*at .*$srcfile:.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to program.*`?$escapedbinfile\.exe'?, process $testpid.*\[Switching to thread $testpid\..*\].*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    # Response expected on Cygwin
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    # Verify that we can "see" the variable "should_exit" in the
    # program, and that it is zero.

    gdb_test "print should_exit" " = 0" "after attach1, print should_exit"

    # Detach the process.

    gdb_test "detach" \
	"Detaching from program: .*$escapedbinfile, process $testpid\r\n\\\[Inferior $decimal \\(.*\\) detached\\\]" \
	"attach1 detach"

    # Wait a bit for gdb to finish detaching

    exec sleep 5

    # Purge the symbols from gdb's brain.  (We want to be certain the
    # next attach, which won't be preceded by a "file" command, is
    # really getting the executable file without our help.)

    set old_timeout $timeout
    set timeout 15
    set test "attach1, purging symbols after detach"
    gdb_test_multiple "file" "$test" {
	-re "No executable file now.*Discard symbol table.*y or n. $" {
	    gdb_test "y" "No symbol file now." "$test"
	}
    }
    set timeout $old_timeout

    # Verify that we can attach to the process just by giving the
    # process ID.

    set test "attach2, with no file"
    set found_exec_file 0
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test" {
	-re "Attaching to process $testpid.*Load new symbol table from \"$sysroot$escapedbinfile\.exe\".*y or n. $" {
	    # On Cygwin, the DLL's symbol tables are loaded prior to the
	    # executable's symbol table.  This in turn always results in
	    # asking the user for actually loading the symbol table of the
	    # executable.
	    gdb_test "y" "Reading symbols from $sysroot$escapedbinfile\.\.\.*" \
		"$test (reset file)"

	    set found_exec_file 1
	}
	-re "Attaching to process $testpid.*Reading symbols from $sysroot$escapedbinfile.*main.*at .*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	    set found_exec_file 1
	}
    }

    if {$found_exec_file == 0} {
	set test "load file manually, after attach2"
	gdb_test_multiple "file $binfile" "$test" {
	    -re "A program is being debugged already..*Are you sure you want to change the file.*y or n. $" {
		gdb_test "y" "Reading symbols from $escapedbinfile\.\.\.*" \
		    "$test (re-read)"
	    }
	    -re "Reading symbols from $escapedbinfile\.\.\.*$gdb_prompt $" {
		pass "$test"
	    }
	}
    }

    # Verify that we can modify the variable "should_exit" in the
    # program.

    gdb_test_no_output "set should_exit=1" "after attach2, set should_exit"

    # Verify that the modification really happened.

    gdb_breakpoint [gdb_get_line_number "postloop"] temporary
    gdb_continue_to_breakpoint "postloop" ".* postloop .*"

    # Allow the test process to exit, to cleanup after ourselves.

    gdb_continue_to_end "after attach2, exit"

    # Make sure we don't leave a process around to confuse
    # the next test run (and prevent the compile by keeping
    # the text file busy), in case the "set should_exit" didn't
    # work.

    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id

    set test_spawn_id [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile]
    set testpid [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id]

    # Verify that we can attach to the process, and find its a.out
    # when we're cd'd to some directory that doesn't contain the
    # a.out.  (We use the source path set by the "dir" command.)

    gdb_test "dir [standard_output_file {}]" "Source directories searched: .*" \
	"set source path"

    gdb_test "cd /tmp" "Working directory /tmp." \
	"cd away from process working directory"

    # Explicitly flush out any knowledge of the previous attachment.

    set test "before attach3, flush symbols"
    gdb_test_multiple "symbol-file" "$test" {
	-re "Discard symbol table from.*y or n. $" {
	    gdb_test "y" "No symbol file now." \
		"$test"
	}
	-re "No symbol file now.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    gdb_test "exec" "No executable file now." \
	"before attach3, flush exec"

    gdb_test "attach $testpid" \
	"Attaching to process $testpid.*Reading symbols from $sysroot$escapedbinfile.*main.*at .*" \
	"attach when process' a.out not in cwd"

    set test "after attach3, exit"
    gdb_test "kill" \
	"" \
	"$test" \
	"Kill the program being debugged.*y or n. $" \
	"y"

    # Another "don't leave a process around"
    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id
}

# Test attaching when the target is inside a system call.

proc_with_prefix do_call_attach_tests {} {
    global gdb_prompt
    global binfile2

    clean_restart

    set test_spawn_id [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile2]
    set testpid [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id]

    # Attach

    gdb_test "file $binfile2" ".*" "load file"
    set test "attach call"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test" {
	-re "warning: reading register.*I.*O error.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    fail "$test (read register error)"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*process $testpid.*libc.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
	-re "Attaching to.*process $testpid.*\[Switching to thread $testpid\..*\].*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    # See if other registers are problems

    set test "info other register"
    gdb_test_multiple "i r r3" "$test" {
	-re "warning: reading register.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    fail "$test"
	}
	-re "r3.*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass "$test"
	}
    }

    # Get rid of the process

    gdb_test "p should_exit = 1"
    gdb_continue_to_end

    # Be paranoid

    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id
}

proc_with_prefix do_command_attach_tests {} {
    global gdb_prompt
    global binfile

    # The --pid option is used to attach to a process using the native
    # target.
    if { ![gdb_protocol_is_native] } {
	unsupported "command attach test"
	return 0
    }

    set test_spawn_id [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile]
    set testpid [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id]

    gdb_exit

    # gdb_spawn_attach_cmdline records test results.  No need to explicitly
    # call pass/fail here.
    gdb_spawn_attach_cmdline $testpid

    # Get rid of the process
    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id
}

# Test ' gdb --pid PID -ex "run" '.  GDB used to have a bug where
# "run" would run before the attach finished - PR17347.

proc_with_prefix test_command_line_attach_run {} {
    global gdb_prompt
    global binfile

    # The --pid option is used to attach to a process using the native
    # target.
    if { ![gdb_protocol_is_native] } {
	unsupported "commandline attach run test"
	return
    }

    set test_spawn_id [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile]
    set testpid [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id]

    set test "run to prompt"
    gdb_exit

    set res [gdb_spawn_with_cmdline_opts "--pid=$testpid -ex \"start\""]
    if { $res != 0} {
	fail $test
	kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id
	return $res
    }
    gdb_test_multiple "" $test {
	-re {Attaching to.*Start it from the beginning\? \(y or n\) } {
	    pass $test
	}
    }

    send_gdb "y\n"

    set test "run to main"
    gdb_test_multiple "" $test {
	-re "Temporary breakpoint .* main .*$gdb_prompt $" {
	    pass $test
	}
    }

    # Get rid of the process
    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id
}


# This is a test of 'set exec-file-mismatch' handling.

proc_with_prefix do_attach_exec_mismatch_handling_tests {} {
    global gdb_prompt
    global binfile
    global binfile2
    global binfile3

    clean_restart
    gdb_load $binfile

    # Start two programs that can be attached to.
    # The first program contains a 'int bidule' variable, the second a 'float bidule'.

    set test_spawn_id [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile]
    set testpid [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id]
    set test_spawn_id2 [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile2]
    set testpid2 [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id2]


    # Test with the default value of 'set exec-file-mismatch load".
    set test "mismatch load"
    gdb_test "attach $testpid" "Attaching to program.*" "$test attach1"
    # Verify that we can "see" the variable "bidule" in the
    # program, and that it is an integer.
    gdb_test "ptype bidule" " = int" "$test after attach1, bidule is int"
    # Detach the process.
    gdb_test "detach" "Detaching from program: .* detached\\\]" "$test detach1"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid2" "$test attach2" {
	-re "Attaching to program.*exec-file-mismatch handling is currently \"ask\".*Load new symbol table from .*attach2\".*\(y or n\)" {
	    pass "$test attach2"
	}
    }
    gdb_test "y" "Reading symbols from .*attach2.*" "$test load attach2"
    # Verify that we can "see" the variable "bidule" in the
    # program, and that it is a float.
    gdb_test "ptype bidule" " = float" "$test after attach2 and load, bidule is float"
    # Detach the process.
    gdb_test "detach" "Detaching from program: .* detached\\\]" "$test detach attach2"


    # Test with 'set exec-file-mismatch warn".
    set test "mismatch warn"
    gdb_test_no_output "set exec-file-mismatch warn"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test attach" {
	-re "Attaching to program.*exec-file-mismatch handling is currently \"warn\".*$gdb_prompt" {
	    pass "$test attach"
	}
    }
    # Verify that we still (wrongly) "see" the variable "bidule" as a float,
    # as we have not loaded the correct exec-file.
    gdb_test "ptype bidule" " = float" "$test after attach and warn, bidule is float"
    # Detach the process.
    gdb_test "detach" "Detaching from program: .* detached\\\]" "$test detach attach"


    # Same test but with 'set exec-file-mismatch off".
    set test "mismatch off"
    gdb_test_no_output "set exec-file-mismatch off"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test attach" {
	-re "Attaching to program.*$gdb_prompt" {
	    pass "$test attach"
	}
    }
    # Verify that we still (wrongly) "see" the variable "bidule" as a float,
    # as we have not warned the user and not loaded the correct exec-file
    gdb_test "ptype bidule" " = float" "$test after attach and warn, bidule is float"
    # Detach the process.
    gdb_test "detach" "Detaching from program: .* detached\\\]" "$test detach attach"

    # Test that the 'exec-file' changed is checked before exec-file-mismatch.
    set test "mismatch exec-file changed has priority"
    gdb_test_no_output "set exec-file-mismatch ask"
    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid" "$test attach1 again, initial exec-file" {
	-re "Attaching to program.*exec-file-mismatch handling is currently \"ask\".*Load new symbol table from .*attach\".*\(y or n\)" {
	    gdb_test "y" "Reading symbols from .*attach.*" $gdb_test_name
	}
    }


    gdb_test "detach" "Detaching from program: .* detached\\\]" "$test detach attach initial exec-file"

    # Change the exec-file and attach to a new process using the changed file.
    remote_exec build "mv ${binfile} ${binfile}.initial"
    remote_exec build "mv ${binfile3} ${binfile}"
    # Ensure GDB detects ${binfile} has changed when checking timestamp.
    sleep 1
    remote_exec build "touch ${binfile}"
    set test_spawn_id3 [spawn_wait_for_attach $binfile]
    set testpid3 [spawn_id_get_pid $test_spawn_id3]

    gdb_test "attach $testpid3" "Attaching to program.*attach' has changed; re-reading symbols.*" \
	"$test attach1 again, after changing exec-file"
    gdb_test "detach" "Detaching from program: .* detached\\\]" "$test detach after attach changed exec-file"

    # Now, test the situation when current exec-file has changed
    # and we attach to a pid using another file.
    # Ensure GDB detects ${binfile} has changed when checking timestamp.
    sleep 1
    remote_exec build "touch ${binfile}"

    gdb_test_multiple "attach $testpid2" "$test attach2" {
	-re "Attaching to program.*exec-file-mismatch handling is currently \"ask\".*Load new symbol table from .*attach2\".*\(y or n\)" {
	    gdb_test "y" "Reading symbols from .*attach2.*" $gdb_test_name
	}
    }

    # Restore initial build situation.
    remote_exec build "mv ${binfile} ${binfile3}"
    remote_exec build "mv ${binfile}.initial ${binfile}"

    # Don't leave a process around
    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id
    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id2
    kill_wait_spawned_process $test_spawn_id3
}

do_attach_tests
do_attach_failure_tests
do_call_attach_tests
do_attach_exec_mismatch_handling_tests

# Test "gdb --pid"

do_command_attach_tests


test_command_line_attach_run