1 # 2 # Sample aliases file. Install in the location as specified by the 3 # output from the command "postconf alias_maps". Typical path names 4 # are /etc/aliases or /etc/mail/aliases. 5 # 6 # >>>>>>>>>> The program "newaliases" must be run after 7 # >> NOTE >> this file is updated for any changes to 8 # >>>>>>>>>> show through to Postfix. 9 # 10 11 # Person who should get root's mail. Don't receive mail as root! 12 #root: you 13 14 # Basic system aliases -- these MUST be present 15 MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster 16 postmaster: root 17 18 # General redirections for pseudo accounts 19 bin: root 20 daemon: root 21 named: root 22 nobody: root 23 uucp: root 24 www: root 25 ftp-bugs: root 26 postfix: root 27 28 # Put your local aliases here. 29 30 # Well-known aliases 31 manager: root 32 dumper: root 33 operator: root 34 abuse: postmaster 35 36 # trap decode to catch security attacks 37 decode: root 38 39 # ALIASES(5) ALIASES(5) 40 # 41 # NAME 42 # aliases - Postfix local alias database format 43 # 44 # SYNOPSIS 45 # newaliases 46 # 47 # postalias -q name [file-type]:[file-name] 48 # 49 # DESCRIPTION 50 # The optional aliases(5) table (alias_maps) redirects mail 51 # for local recipients. The redirections are processed by 52 # the Postfix local(8) delivery agent. This table is always 53 # searched with an email address localpart (no domain por- 54 # tion). 55 # 56 # This is unlike virtual(5) aliasing (virtual_alias_maps) 57 # which applies to all recipients: local(8), virtual, and 58 # remote, and which is implemented by the cleanup(8) daemon. 59 # That table is often searched with a full email address 60 # (including domain). 61 # 62 # Normally, the aliases(5) table is specified as a text file 63 # that serves as input to the postalias(1) command to create 64 # an indexed file for fast lookup. The location of this file 65 # is system-dependent. This text will use /path/to/aliases. 66 # 67 # Execute the command "newaliases to rebuild the indexed 68 # file after changing the text file. Execute "postalias -q 69 # name /path/to/aliases" to query a default-type indexed 70 # file, or execute "postalias -q name type:/path/to/aliases" 71 # to specify an explicit type. 72 # 73 # The default indexed file type is configured with the 74 # default_database_type parameter. Depending on the platform 75 # this may be one of lmdb:, cdb:, hash:, or dbm: (without 76 # the trailing ':'). 77 # 78 # When the table is provided via other means such as NIS, 79 # LDAP or SQL, the same lookups are done as for ordinary 80 # indexed files. Managing such databases is outside the 81 # scope of Postfix. 82 # 83 # Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regu- 84 # lar-expression map where patterns are given as regular 85 # expressions. In this case, the lookups are done in a 86 # slightly different way as described below under "REGULAR 87 # EXPRESSION TABLES". 88 # 89 # Users can control delivery of their own mail by setting up 90 # .forward files in their home directory. Lines in per-user 91 # .forward files have the same syntax as the right-hand side 92 # of aliases(5) entries. 93 # 94 # The format of the alias database input file is as follows: 95 # 96 # o An alias definition has the form 97 # 98 # name: value1, value2, ... 99 # 100 # o Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, 101 # as are lines whose first non-whitespace character 102 # is a `#'. 103 # 104 # o A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A 105 # line that starts with whitespace continues a logi- 106 # cal line. 107 # 108 # The name is a local address (no domain part). Use double 109 # quotes when the name contains any special characters such 110 # as whitespace, `#', `:', or `@'. The name is folded to 111 # lowercase, in order to make database lookups case insensi- 112 # tive. 113 # 114 # In addition, when an alias exists for owner-name, this 115 # will override the envelope sender address, so that deliv- 116 # ery diagnostics are directed to owner-name, instead of the 117 # originator of the message (for details, see 118 # owner_request_special, expand_owner_alias and 119 # reset_owner_alias). This is typically used to direct 120 # delivery errors to the maintainer of a mailing list, who 121 # is in a better position to deal with mailing list delivery 122 # problems than the originator of the undelivered mail. 123 # 124 # The value contains one or more of the following: 125 # 126 # address 127 # Mail is forwarded to address, which is compatible 128 # with the RFC 822 standard. 129 # 130 # /file/name 131 # Mail is appended to /file/name. For details on how 132 # a file is written see the sections "EXTERNAL FILE 133 # DELIVERY" and "DELIVERY RIGHTS" in the local(8) 134 # documentation. Delivery is not limited to regular 135 # files. For example, to dispose of unwanted mail, 136 # deflect it to /dev/null. 137 # 138 # |command 139 # Mail is piped into command. Commands that contain 140 # special characters, such as whitespace, should be 141 # enclosed between double quotes. For details on how 142 # a command is executed see "EXTERNAL COMMAND DELIV- 143 # ERY" and "DELIVERY RIGHTS" in the local(8) documen- 144 # tation. 145 # 146 # When the command fails, a limited amount of command 147 # output is mailed back to the sender. The file 148 # /usr/include/sysexits.h defines the expected exit 149 # status codes. For example, use "|exit 67" to simu- 150 # late a "user unknown" error, and "|exit 0" to 151 # implement an expensive black hole. 152 # 153 # :include:/file/name 154 # Mail is sent to the destinations listed in the 155 # named file. Lines in :include: files have the same 156 # syntax as the right-hand side of aliases(5) 157 # entries. 158 # 159 # A destination can be any destination that is 160 # described in this manual page. However, delivery to 161 # "|command" and /file/name is disallowed by default. 162 # To enable, edit the allow_mail_to_commands and 163 # allow_mail_to_files configuration parameters. 164 # 165 # ADDRESS EXTENSION 166 # When alias database search fails, and the recipient local- 167 # part contains the optional recipient delimiter (e.g., 168 # user+foo), the search is repeated for the unextended 169 # address (e.g., user). 170 # 171 # The propagate_unmatched_extensions parameter controls 172 # whether an unmatched address extension (+foo) is propa- 173 # gated to the result of table lookup. 174 # 175 # CASE FOLDING 176 # The local(8) delivery agent always folds the search string 177 # to lowercase before database lookup. 178 # 179 # REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES 180 # This section describes how the table lookups change when 181 # the table is given in the form of regular expressions. For 182 # a description of regular expression lookup table syntax, 183 # see regexp_table(5) or pcre_table(5). NOTE: these formats 184 # do not use ":" at the end of a pattern. 185 # 186 # Each regular expression is applied to the entire search 187 # string. Thus, a search string user+foo is not broken up 188 # into user and foo. 189 # 190 # Regular expressions are applied in the order as specified 191 # in the table, until a regular expression is found that 192 # matches the search string. 193 # 194 # Lookup results are the same as with indexed file lookups. 195 # For security reasons there is no support for $1, $2 etc. 196 # substring interpolation. 197 # 198 # SECURITY 199 # The local(8) delivery agent disallows regular expression 200 # substitution of $1 etc. in alias_maps, because that would 201 # open a security hole. 202 # 203 # The local(8) delivery agent will silently ignore requests 204 # to use the proxymap(8) server within alias_maps. Instead 205 # it will open the table directly. Before Postfix version 206 # 2.2, the local(8) delivery agent will terminate with a 207 # fatal error. 208 # 209 # CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS 210 # The following main.cf parameters are especially relevant. 211 # The text below provides only a parameter summary. See 212 # postconf(5) for more details including examples. 213 # 214 # alias_database (see 'postconf -d' output) 215 # The alias databases for local(8) delivery that are 216 # updated with "newaliases" or with "sendmail -bi". 217 # 218 # alias_maps (see 'postconf -d' output) 219 # Optional lookup tables that are searched only with 220 # an email address localpart (no domain) and that 221 # apply only to local(8) recipients; this is unlike 222 # virtual_alias_maps that are often searched with a 223 # full email address (including domain) and that 224 # apply to all recipients: local(8), virtual, and 225 # remote. 226 # 227 # allow_mail_to_commands (alias, forward) 228 # Restrict local(8) mail delivery to external com- 229 # mands. 230 # 231 # allow_mail_to_files (alias, forward) 232 # Restrict local(8) mail delivery to external files. 233 # 234 # expand_owner_alias (no) 235 # When delivering to an alias "aliasname" that has an 236 # "owner-aliasname" companion alias, set the envelope 237 # sender address to the expansion of the 238 # "owner-aliasname" alias. 239 # 240 # propagate_unmatched_extensions (canonical, virtual) 241 # What address lookup tables copy an address exten- 242 # sion from the lookup key to the lookup result. 243 # 244 # owner_request_special (yes) 245 # Enable special treatment for owner-listname entries 246 # in the aliases(5) file, and don't split owner-list- 247 # name and listname-request address localparts when 248 # the recipient_delimiter is set to "-". 249 # 250 # recipient_delimiter (empty) 251 # The set of characters that can separate an email 252 # address localpart, user name, or a .forward file 253 # name from its extension. 254 # 255 # Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later: 256 # 257 # frozen_delivered_to (yes) 258 # Update the local(8) delivery agent's idea of the 259 # Delivered-To: address (see prepend_deliv- 260 # ered_header) only once, at the start of a delivery 261 # attempt; do not update the Delivered-To: address 262 # while expanding aliases or .forward files. 263 # 264 # STANDARDS 265 # RFC 822 (ARPA Internet Text Messages) 266 # 267 # SEE ALSO 268 # local(8), local delivery agent 269 # newaliases(1), create/update alias database 270 # postalias(1), create/update alias database 271 # postconf(5), configuration parameters 272 # 273 # README FILES 274 # Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_direc- 275 # tory" to locate this information. 276 # DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview 277 # 278 # LICENSE 279 # The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this 280 # software. 281 # 282 # AUTHOR(S) 283 # Wietse Venema 284 # IBM T.J. Watson Research 285 # P.O. Box 704 286 # Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 287 # 288 # Wietse Venema 289 # Google, Inc. 290 # 111 8th Avenue 291 # New York, NY 10011, USA 292 # 293 # ALIASES(5) 294
Indexes created Sat Jun 06 00:24:59 UTC 2026