1 1.1 tron <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 2 1.1.1.6 christos "https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 3 1.1 tron <html> <head> 4 1.1.1.4 christos <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 5 1.1.1.5 christos <link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='postfix-doc.css'> 6 1.1 tron <title> Postfix manual - bounce(5) </title> 7 1.1 tron </head> <body> <pre> 8 1.1 tron BOUNCE(5) BOUNCE(5) 9 1.1 tron 10 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="name">NAME</a></b> 11 1.1 tron bounce - Postfix bounce message template format 12 1.1 tron 13 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></b> 14 1.1 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_template_file">bounce_template_file</a> = /etc/postfix/bounce.cf</b> 15 1.1 tron 16 1.1 tron <b>postconf -b</b> [<i>template</i><b>_</b><i>file</i>] 17 1.1 tron 18 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></b> 19 1.1.1.2 tron The Postfix <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a> server produces delivery status notification 20 1.1.1.2 tron (DSN) messages for undeliverable mail, delayed mail, successful deliv- 21 1.1.1.2 tron ery or address verification requests. 22 1.1.1.2 tron 23 1.1.1.2 tron By default, these notifications are generated from built-in templates 24 1.1.1.2 tron with message headers and message text. Sites can override the built-in 25 1.1.1.2 tron information by specifying a bounce template file with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_template_file">bounce_tem</a>-</b> 26 1.1.1.2 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_template_file">plate_file</a></b> configuration parameter. 27 1.1.1.2 tron 28 1.1.1.2 tron This document describes the general procedure to create a bounce tem- 29 1.1.1.2 tron plate file, followed by the specific details of bounce template for- 30 1.1.1.2 tron mats. 31 1.1 tron 32 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="general_procedure">GENERAL PROCEDURE</a></b> 33 1.1.1.2 tron To create a customized bounce template file, create a temporary copy of 34 1.1.1.2 tron the file <b>/etc/postfix/bounce.cf.default</b> and edit the temporary file. 35 1.1 tron 36 1.1.1.2 tron To preview the results of $<i>name</i> expansions in the template text, use 37 1.1.1.2 tron the command 38 1.1 tron 39 1.1 tron <b>postconf -b</b> <i>temporary</i><b>_</b><i>file</i> 40 1.1 tron 41 1.1.1.2 tron Errors in the template will be reported to the standard error stream 42 1.1.1.2 tron and to the syslog daemon. 43 1.1 tron 44 1.1.1.2 tron While previewing the text, be sure to pay particular attention to the 45 1.1.1.2 tron expansion of time value parameters that appear in the delayed mail 46 1.1.1.2 tron notification text. 47 1.1.1.2 tron 48 1.1.1.2 tron Once the result is satisfactory, copy the template to the Postfix con- 49 1.1.1.2 tron figuration directory and specify in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> something like: 50 1.1 tron 51 1.1 tron /etc/postfix/<a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>: 52 1.1 tron <a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_template_file">bounce_template_file</a> = /etc/postfix/bounce.cf 53 1.1 tron 54 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="template_file_format">TEMPLATE FILE FORMAT</a></b> 55 1.1.1.2 tron The template file can specify templates for failed mail, delayed mail, 56 1.1.1.2 tron successful delivery or for address verification. These templates are 57 1.1.1.2 tron named <b>failure_template</b>, <b>delay_template</b>, <b>success_template</b> and <b>ver-</b> 58 1.1.1.2 tron <b>ify_template</b>, respectively. You can but do not have to specify all 59 1.1.1.2 tron four templates in a bounce template file. 60 1.1.1.2 tron 61 1.1.1.2 tron Each template starts with "<i>template</i><b>_</b><i>name</i> <b>=</b> <<<b>EOF</b>" and ends with a line 62 1.1.1.2 tron that contains the word "<b>EOF</b>" only. You can change the word EOF, but you 63 1.1.1.2 tron can't enclose it in quotes as with the shell or with Perl (<i>tem-</i> 64 1.1.1.2 tron <i>plate</i><b>_</b><i>name</i> <b>=</b> <<<b>'EOF'</b>). Here is an example: 65 1.1 tron 66 1.1 tron # The failure template is used for undeliverable mail. 67 1.1 tron 68 1.1 tron failure_template = <<EOF 69 1.1 tron Charset: us-ascii 70 1.1 tron From: MAILER-DAEMON (Mail Delivery System) 71 1.1 tron Subject: Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender 72 1.1 tron Postmaster-Subject: Postmaster Copy: Undelivered Mail 73 1.1 tron 74 1.1 tron This is the mail system at host $<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>. 75 1.1 tron 76 1.1 tron I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not 77 1.1 tron be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. 78 1.1 tron 79 1.1 tron For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster. 80 1.1 tron 81 1.1 tron If you do so, please include this problem report. You can 82 1.1 tron delete your own text from the attached returned message. 83 1.1 tron 84 1.1 tron The mail system 85 1.1 tron EOF 86 1.1 tron 87 1.1.1.2 tron The usage and specification of bounce templates is subject to the fol- 88 1.1.1.2 tron lowing restrictions: 89 1.1.1.2 tron 90 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> No special meaning is given to the backslash character or to 91 1.1.1.2 tron leading whitespace; these are always taken literally. 92 1.1 tron 93 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> Inside the << context, the "$" character is special. To produce 94 1.1.1.2 tron a "$" character as output, specify "$$". 95 1.1 tron 96 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> Outside the << context, lines beginning with "#" are ignored, as 97 1.1.1.2 tron are empty lines, and lines consisting of whitespace only. 98 1.1.1.2 tron 99 1.1.1.2 tron Examples of all templates can be found in the file <b>bounce.cf.default</b> in 100 1.1.1.2 tron the Postfix configuration directory. 101 1.1 tron 102 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="template_header_format">TEMPLATE HEADER FORMAT</a></b> 103 1.1.1.2 tron The first portion of a bounce template consists of optional template 104 1.1.1.2 tron headers. Some become message headers in the delivery status notifica- 105 1.1.1.2 tron tion; some control the formatting of that notification. Headers not 106 1.1.1.2 tron specified in a template will be left at their default value. 107 1.1 tron 108 1.1 tron The following headers are supported: 109 1.1 tron 110 1.1 tron <b>Charset:</b> 111 1.1.1.2 tron The MIME character set of the template message text. See the 112 1.1.1.2 tron "TEMPLATE MESSAGE TEXT FORMAT" description below. 113 1.1 tron 114 1.1.1.2 tron <b>From:</b> The sender address in the message header of the delivery status 115 1.1.1.2 tron notification. 116 1.1 tron 117 1.1 tron <b>Subject:</b> 118 1.1.1.2 tron The subject in the message header of the delivery status notifi- 119 1.1.1.2 tron cation that is returned to the sender. 120 1.1 tron 121 1.1 tron <b>Postmaster-Subject:</b> 122 1.1.1.2 tron The subject that will be used in Postmaster copies of undeliver- 123 1.1.1.2 tron able or delayed mail notifications. These copies are sent under 124 1.1.1.2 tron control of the <a href="postconf.5.html#notify_classes">notify_classes</a> configuration parameter. 125 1.1.1.2 tron 126 1.1.1.2 tron The usage and specification of template message headers is subject to 127 1.1.1.2 tron the following restrictions: 128 1.1.1.2 tron 129 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> Template message header names can be specified in upper case, 130 1.1.1.2 tron lower case or mixed case. Postfix always produces bounce message 131 1.1.1.2 tron header labels of the form "<b>From:</b>" and "<b>Subject:</b>". 132 1.1.1.2 tron 133 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> Template message headers must not span multiple lines. 134 1.1.1.2 tron 135 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> Template message headers do not support $parameter expansions. 136 1.1.1.2 tron 137 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> Template message headers must contain ASCII characters only, and 138 1.1.1.2 tron must not contain ASCII null characters. 139 1.1 tron 140 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="template_message_text_format">TEMPLATE MESSAGE TEXT FORMAT</a></b> 141 1.1.1.2 tron The second portion of a bounce template consists of message text. As 142 1.1.1.2 tron the above example shows, template message text may contain <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> 143 1.1.1.2 tron $parameters. Besides the parameters that are defined in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, the 144 1.1.1.2 tron following parameters are treated specially depending on the suffix that 145 1.1.1.2 tron is appended to their name. 146 1.1 tron 147 1.1 tron <b>delay_warning_time_</b><i>suffix</i> 148 1.1.1.2 tron Expands into the value of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#delay_warning_time">delay_warning_time</a></b> parameter, 149 1.1.1.2 tron expressed in the time unit specified by <i>suffix</i>, which is one of 150 1.1.1.2 tron <b>seconds</b>, <b>minutes</b>, <b>hours, days</b>, or <b>weeks</b>. 151 1.1 tron 152 1.1 tron <b>maximal_queue_lifetime_</b><i>suffix</i> 153 1.1.1.2 tron Expands into the value of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a></b> parameter, 154 1.1.1.2 tron expressed in the time unit specified by <i>suffix</i>. See above under 155 1.1.1.2 tron <b><a href="postconf.5.html#delay_warning_time">delay_warning_time</a></b> for possible <i>suffix</i> values. 156 1.1.1.2 tron 157 1.1.1.3 christos <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a></b> 158 1.1.1.3 christos Expands into the value of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a></b> parameter. With "smt- 159 1.1.1.3 christos putf8_enable = yes", this replaces ACE labels (xn--mumble) with 160 1.1.1.3 christos their UTF-8 equivalent. 161 1.1.1.3 christos 162 1.1.1.3 christos This feature is available in Postfix 3.0. 163 1.1.1.3 christos 164 1.1.1.3 christos <b><a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a></b> 165 1.1.1.3 christos Expands into the value of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a></b> parameter. With "smt- 166 1.1.1.3 christos putf8_enable = yes", this replaces ACE labels (xn--mumble) with 167 1.1.1.3 christos their UTF-8 equivalent. 168 1.1.1.3 christos 169 1.1.1.3 christos This feature is available in Postfix 3.0. 170 1.1.1.3 christos 171 1.1.1.2 tron The usage and specification of template message text is subject to the 172 1.1.1.2 tron following restrictions: 173 1.1.1.2 tron 174 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> The template message text is not sent in Postmaster copies of 175 1.1.1.2 tron delivery status notifications. 176 1.1.1.2 tron 177 1.1.1.2 tron <b>o</b> If the template message text contains non-ASCII characters, 178 1.1.1.2 tron Postfix requires that the <b>Charset:</b> template header is updated. 179 1.1.1.2 tron Specify an appropriate superset of US-ASCII. A superset is 180 1.1.1.2 tron needed because Postfix appends ASCII text after the message tem- 181 1.1 tron plate when it sends a delivery status notification. 182 1.1 tron 183 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="see_also">SEE ALSO</a></b> 184 1.1 tron <a href="bounce.8.html">bounce(8)</a>, Postfix delivery status notifications 185 1.1 tron <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters 186 1.1 tron 187 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="license">LICENSE</a></b> 188 1.1.1.2 tron The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. 189 1.1 tron 190 1.1.1.6 christos <b><a name="history">HISTORY</a></b> 191 1.1.1.2 tron The Postfix bounce template format was originally developed by Nicolas 192 1.1.1.2 tron Riendeau. 193 1.1 tron 194 1.1 tron <b>AUTHOR(S)</b> 195 1.1 tron Wietse Venema 196 1.1 tron IBM T.J. Watson Research 197 1.1 tron P.O. Box 704 198 1.1 tron Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 199 1.1 tron 200 1.1.1.3 christos Wietse Venema 201 1.1.1.3 christos Google, Inc. 202 1.1.1.3 christos 111 8th Avenue 203 1.1.1.3 christos New York, NY 10011, USA 204 1.1.1.3 christos 205 1.1 tron BOUNCE(5) 206 1.1 tron </pre> </body> </html> 207
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