africa revision 1.1.1.20.2.3
1 # tzdb data for Africa and environs 2 3 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8 # tz (a] iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 9 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 10 11 # From Paul Eggert (2018-05-27): 12 # 13 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 14 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 15 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 17 # 18 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport 20 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 21 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 22 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 23 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 24 # 25 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27 # I found in the UCLA library. 28 # 29 # For data circa 1899, a common source is: 30 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 31 # https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 32 # 33 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 34 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 35 # 36 # European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean. 37 # For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized. 38 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 39 # for UT +00 through +03, respectively, 40 # but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that 41 # 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa, 42 # 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and 43 # 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for 44 # the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". 45 # 46 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency: 47 # +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 48 # +02 CAT Central Africa Time 49 # +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time 50 # and Murray suggested the following abbreviation: 51 # +01 WAT West Africa Time 52 # Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like. 53 # I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but 54 # cannot now come up with solid citations. 55 # 56 # I invented the following abbreviations in the 1990s: 57 # +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time 58 # +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time 59 # +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time 60 # +03 EAT East Africa Time 61 # 'EAT' seems to have caught on and is in current timestamps, and though 62 # the other abbreviations are rarer and are only in past timestamps, 63 # they are paired with better-attested non-DST abbreviations. 64 # Corrections are welcome. 65 66 # Algeria 67 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 68 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 69 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 70 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 71 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 72 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 73 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 74 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 75 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 76 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 77 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 78 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 79 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 80 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 81 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 82 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 83 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 84 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 85 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 86 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 87 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 88 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 89 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 90 # See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions. 91 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 92 Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 93 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 94 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 95 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 96 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 97 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 98 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 99 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 101 1:00 - CET 102 103 # Angola 104 # Benin 105 # See Africa/Lagos. 106 107 # Botswana 108 # See Africa/Maputo. 109 110 # Burkina Faso 111 # See Africa/Abidjan. 112 113 # Burundi 114 # See Africa/Maputo. 115 116 # Cameroon 117 # See Africa/Lagos. 118 119 # Cape Verde / Cabo Verde 120 # 121 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 122 # Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02. 123 # For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 124 # (see Europe/Lisbon). 125 # 126 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 127 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1912 Jan 01 2:00u # Praia 128 -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep 129 -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15 130 -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00 131 -1:00 - -01 132 133 # Central African Republic 134 # See Africa/Lagos. 135 136 # Chad 137 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 138 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena 139 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 140 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 141 1:00 - WAT 142 143 # Comoros 144 # See Africa/Nairobi. 145 146 # Democratic Republic of the Congo 147 # See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern. 148 149 # Republic of the Congo 150 # See Africa/Lagos. 151 152 # Cte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast 153 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 154 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 155 0:00 - GMT 156 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali 157 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia 158 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea 159 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal 160 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone 161 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo 162 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania 163 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso 164 Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena 165 166 # Djibouti 167 # See Africa/Nairobi. 168 169 ############################################################################### 170 171 # Egypt 172 173 # Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 174 # observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 175 # Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 176 # did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 177 178 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 179 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 180 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 181 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 182 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 183 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 184 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 185 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 186 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 187 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 188 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 189 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 190 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 191 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 192 Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 193 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 194 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 195 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 196 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 197 Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 198 # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 199 # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 200 201 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 202 # "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 203 # saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 204 # Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 205 # 206 # Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 207 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 208 # or 209 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 210 Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 211 Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 212 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 213 # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 214 # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 215 # after observing the daylight saving time since May. 216 # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 217 Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 218 # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 219 # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 220 # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 221 # From Jesper Nrgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 222 # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 223 # https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 224 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 225 # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 226 Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 227 # From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 228 # Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 229 # than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 230 # year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 231 # hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 232 # shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 233 # unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 234 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 235 # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 236 237 # From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 238 # The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 239 # 240 # > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 241 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 242 # Apr 23 243 # > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 244 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 245 # Apr 24 246 # > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 247 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 248 # Aug 27 249 # > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 250 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 251 # Aug 27 252 # > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 253 # 254 # > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 255 # :59) 256 # > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 257 # 258 # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 259 # 260 # [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 261 # [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 262 # [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 263 264 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 265 # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 266 # Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 267 # in September. 268 269 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 270 # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 271 # Information and Decision Support Center: 272 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 273 # 274 # The Middle East News Agency 275 # https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 276 # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 277 # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 278 # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 279 # and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 280 # (at least today). 281 282 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 283 # According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 284 # decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 285 # Ramadan. 286 # 287 # Arabic translation: 288 # "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" 289 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 290 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 291 292 # From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 293 # Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 294 # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 295 296 # From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): 297 # our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 298 299 # From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 300 # We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 301 # in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 302 # http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 303 # [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 304 # translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 305 # take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 306 # to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 307 # and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 308 # o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 309 # reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 310 # http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 311 312 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 313 # Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 314 # the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 315 # above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 316 # no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 317 # http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 318 319 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): 320 # Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. 321 # This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last 322 # Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but 323 # dates not yet announced.... 324 # http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... 325 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html 326 327 # From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): 328 # Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at 329 # least for 2015. 330 # 331 # From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): 332 # http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx 333 # "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving 334 # time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the 335 # practice altogether in future years." 336 # 337 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): 338 # Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his 339 # decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. 340 # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx 341 342 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-04-29): 343 # Egypt will have DST from July 7 until the end of October.... 344 # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/204655/Egypt/Daylight-savings-time-returning-to-Egypt-on--July.aspx 345 # From Mina Samuel (2016-07-04): 346 # Egyptian government took the decision to cancel the DST, 347 348 Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 349 Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 350 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 351 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 352 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 353 Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 354 Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 355 Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 356 Rule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 357 358 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 359 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 360 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 361 362 # Equatorial Guinea 363 # See Africa/Lagos. 364 365 # Eritrea 366 # See Africa/Nairobi. 367 368 # Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) 369 # See Africa/Johannesburg. 370 371 # Ethiopia 372 # See Africa/Nairobi. 373 # 374 # Unfortunately tzdb records only Western clock time in use in Ethiopia, 375 # as the tzdb format is not up to properly recording a common Ethiopian 376 # timekeeping practice that is based on solar time. See: 377 # Mortada D. If you have a meeting in Ethiopia, you'd better double 378 # check the time. PRI's The World. 2015-01-30 15:15 -05. 379 # https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-01-30/if-you-have-meeting-ethiopia-you-better-double-check-time 380 381 # Gabon 382 # See Africa/Lagos. 383 384 # Gambia 385 # See Africa/Abidjan. 386 387 # Ghana 388 389 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-30): 390 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present"; 391 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942 with 20 minutes of DST, 392 # with transitions on 09-01 and 12-31 at 00:00. 393 # Page 33 of Parish GCB, Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 1066. Gold 394 # Coast. Report for 1919. (March 1921), OCLC 784024077 395 # http://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/africana/books2011-05/5530214/5530214_1919/5530214_1919_opt.pdf 396 # lists the Determination of the Time Ordinance, 1919, No. 18, 397 # "to advance the time observed locally by the space of twenty minutes 398 # during the last four months of each year; the object in view being 399 # to extend during those months the period of daylight-time available 400 # for evening recreation after office hours." 401 # Vanessa Ogle, The Global Transformation of Time, 1870-1950 (2015), p 33, 402 # writes "In 1919, the Gold Coast (Ghana as of 1957) made Greenwich 403 # time its legal time and simultaneously legalized a summer time of 404 # UTC - 00:20 minutes from March to October."; a footnote lists 405 # the ordinance as being dated 1919-11-24. 406 # The Crown Colonist, Volume 12 (1942), p 176, says "the Government 407 # intend advancing Gold Coast time half an hour ahead of G.M.T. 408 # The actual date of the alteration has not yet been announced." 409 # These sources are incomplete and contradictory. Possibly what is 410 # now Ghana observed different DST regimes in different years. For 411 # lack of better info, use Shanks except treat the minus sign as a 412 # typo, and assume DST started in 1920 not 1936. 413 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 414 Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 - 415 Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 - 416 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 417 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 418 0:00 Ghana GMT/+0020 419 420 # Guinea 421 # See Africa/Abidjan. 422 423 # Guinea-Bissau 424 # 425 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 426 # Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 427 # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 428 # (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect. 429 # 430 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 431 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u 432 -1:00 - -01 1975 433 0:00 - GMT 434 435 # Kenya 436 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 437 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 438 3:00 - EAT 1930 439 2:30 - +0230 1940 440 2:45 - +0245 1960 441 3:00 - EAT 442 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia 443 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea 444 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania 445 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti 446 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda 447 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia 448 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar 449 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro 450 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte 451 452 # Lesotho 453 # See Africa/Johannesburg. 454 455 # Liberia 456 # 457 # From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02): 458 # 459 # The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30. 460 # 461 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UT offset 462 # that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. The 1972 change was on 463 # 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of: 464 # Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of 465 # President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972. 466 # Monrovia: Executive Mansion. 467 # 468 # Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric 469 # abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit. 470 # 471 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 472 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 473 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 474 -0:44:30 - MMT 1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT 475 0:00 - GMT 476 477 ############################################################################### 478 479 # Libya 480 481 # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 482 # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 483 # https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 484 # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 485 # 486 # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 487 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 488 # 489 # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 490 # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 491 # The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 492 # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 493 # lastFri instead of lastSun). 494 495 # From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 496 # The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 497 # cancelled yesterday.... 498 # https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 499 # 500 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 501 # For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02. 502 503 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 504 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 505 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 506 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 507 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 508 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 509 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 510 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 511 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 512 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 513 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 514 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 515 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 516 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 517 Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 518 Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 519 Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 520 Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 521 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 522 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 523 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 524 2:00 - EET 1982 525 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 526 # The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 527 # the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. 528 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 529 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 530 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 531 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 532 2:00 - EET 533 534 # Madagascar 535 # See Africa/Nairobi. 536 537 # Malawi 538 # See Africa/Maputo. 539 540 # Mali 541 # Mauritania 542 # See Africa/Abidjan. 543 544 # Mauritius 545 546 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 547 # Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 548 # basis.... 549 # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 550 # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 551 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 552 553 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 554 # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 555 556 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 557 # The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 558 # final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 559 # would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 560 561 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 562 # Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 563 564 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 565 # According to 566 # http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 567 # (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 568 # than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 569 # date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 570 # given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 571 # 572 # A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 573 # to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 574 # but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 575 # USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 576 # why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 577 # changes two days later. 578 579 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 580 # Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 581 # time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 582 # published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 583 # 584 # I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 585 # de l'heure d't" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 586 # and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... 587 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 588 589 # From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 590 # The Government of Mauritius weblink 591 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 592 # Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 593 # 594 # 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 595 # of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 596 # Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 597 # the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 598 # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 599 # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 600 # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 601 # year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 602 # and end on 29 March 2009. 603 604 # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 605 # THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 606 # beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 607 # morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 608 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 609 610 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 611 # According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 612 # DST the coming summer... 613 # 614 # Some sources, in French: 615 # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 616 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 617 # 618 # Our wrap-up: 619 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 620 621 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 622 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 623 # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 624 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 625 626 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 627 Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 - 628 Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 629 Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 630 Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 631 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 632 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 633 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05 634 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez 635 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 636 637 # Mayotte 638 # See Africa/Nairobi. 639 640 # Morocco 641 # See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 642 643 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 644 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 645 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 646 # 647 # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 648 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 649 # Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 650 # 651 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 652 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 653 654 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 655 # The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe 656 # Presse: 657 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 658 # 659 # Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 660 # spokesman. 661 662 # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 663 # According to this article: 664 # https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 665 # (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) 666 # the changes occur at midnight: 667 # 668 # Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be 669 # interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) 670 # Sunday night the 28th at midnight 671 # 672 # Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 673 # the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and 674 # Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 675 # June 1st to Sept 27th. 676 # 677 # The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 678 # published on the web. 679 # 680 # It's also confirmed here: 681 # http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 682 # on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet 683 # posted in English). 684 # 685 # The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: 686 # https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 687 688 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 689 # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 690 # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 691 # of September: 692 # 693 # One article about it (in French): 694 # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 695 # 696 # We have some further details posted here: 697 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 698 699 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 700 # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 701 # to many sources, such as 702 # http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 703 # http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 704 # (French) 705 # 706 # Our summary: 707 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 708 709 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 710 # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 711 # Ministre de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 712 # 713 # Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) 714 # concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 715 # Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 716 # advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 717 # 718 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 719 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 720 721 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 722 # Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 723 # of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 724 # 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 725 # 726 # Example: 727 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 728 # (French) 729 # Our page: 730 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 731 732 # From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 733 # ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 734 # The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 735 # The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 736 # ...Official links of change in morocco 737 # The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 738 # I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 739 # +212.537.71.84.00 740 # http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 741 # They said that 742 # http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 743 # is the official publication to look at. 744 # They said that the decision was already taken. 745 # 746 # More articles in the press 747 # https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html 748 # http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 749 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 750 751 # From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 752 # They have it written in English here: 753 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 754 # 755 # It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 756 # 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 757 # wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 758 # also been like that in the past. 759 760 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 761 # According to Infomdiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 762 # on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure lgale: 763 # Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d't 764 # http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 765 # Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 766 # the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 767 # last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 768 # except the month of Ramadan. 769 # or (brief) 770 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 771 772 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 773 # The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 774 # effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 775 # it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 776 # Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 777 # start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 778 779 # From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 780 # Seen Morocco change again: 781 # http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 782 # "... partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, 783 # comme annonc prcdemment." 784 785 # From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 786 # The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 787 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 788 # 789 # Google translation, lightly edited: 790 # Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 791 # Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 792 # 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 793 # Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 794 # of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 795 # of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 796 # Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 797 # 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 798 # August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 799 800 # From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 801 # Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 802 # announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 803 # announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 804 # 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 805 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 806 807 # From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 808 # Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 809 # transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 810 # http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 811 812 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 813 # Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 814 # before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 815 # this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 816 # to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 817 # source (French): 818 # http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 819 # Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 820 # http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 821 822 # From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 823 # http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 824 825 # From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 826 # The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 827 # to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 828 # will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 829 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 830 831 # From Milamber (2015-06-08): 832 # (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes 833 # Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding 834 # that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, 835 # 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I 836 # 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of 837 # 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). 838 # Source (french): 839 # https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ 840 # 841 # From Milamber (2015-06-09): 842 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 843 # 844 # From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): 845 # [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go 846 # from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... 847 # I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in 848 # <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees 849 # with the patch. 850 851 # From Mohamed Essedik Najd (2018-10-26): 852 # Today, a Moroccan government council approved the perpetual addition 853 # of 60 minutes to the regular Moroccan timezone. 854 # From Matt Johnson (2018-10-28): 855 # http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/1/BO/2018/BO_6720-bis_Ar.pdf 856 # 857 # From Maamar Abdelkader (2018-11-01): 858 # We usually move clocks back the previous week end and come back to the +1 859 # the week end after.... The government does not announce yet the decision 860 # about this temporary change. But it s 99% sure that it will be the case, 861 # as in previous years. An unofficial survey was done these days, showing 862 # that 64% of asked people are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan. 863 # https://leconomiste.com/article/1035870-enquete-l-economiste-sunergia-64-des-marocains-plebiscitent-le-gmt-pendant-ramadan 864 865 # From Naoufal Semlali (2019-04-16): 866 # Morocco will be on GMT starting from Sunday, May 5th 2019 at 3am. 867 # The switch to GMT+1 will occur on Sunday, June 9th 2019 at 2am.... 868 # http://fr.le360.ma/societe/voici-la-date-du-retour-a-lheure-legale-au-maroc-188222 869 870 # From Semlali Naoufal (2020-04-14): 871 # Following the announcement by the Moroccan government, the switch to 872 # GMT time will take place on Sunday, April 19, 2020 from 3 a.m. and 873 # the return to GMT+1 time will take place on Sunday, May 31, 2020 at 2 a.m.... 874 # https://maroc-diplomatique.net/maroc-le-retour-a-lheure-gmt-est-prevu-dimanche-prochain/ 875 # http://aujourdhui.ma/actualite/gmt1-retour-a-lheure-normale-dimanche-prochain-1 876 # 877 # From Milamber (2020-05-31) 878 # In Morocco (where I live), the end of Ramadan (Arabic month) is followed by 879 # the Eid al-Fitr, and concretely it's 1 or 2 day offs for the people (with 880 # traditional visiting of family, big lunches/dinners, etc.). So for this 881 # year the astronomical calculations don't include the following 2 days off in 882 # the calc. These 2 days fall in a Sunday/Monday, so it's not acceptable by 883 # people to have a time shift during these 2 days off. Perhaps you can modify 884 # the (predicted) rules for next years: if the end of Ramadan is a (probable) 885 # Friday or Saturday (and so the 2 days off are on a weekend), the next time 886 # shift will be the next weekend. 887 # 888 # From Paul Eggert (2020-05-31): 889 # For now, guess that in the future Morocco will fall back at 03:00 890 # the last Sunday before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the 891 # first Sunday after two days after Ramadan. To implement this, 892 # transition dates and times for 2019 through 2087 were determined by 893 # running the following program under GNU Emacs 26.3. (This algorithm 894 # also produces the correct transition dates for 2016 through 2018, 895 # though the times differ due to Morocco's time zone change in 2018.) 896 # (let ((islamic-year 1440)) 897 # (require 'cal-islam) 898 # (while (< islamic-year 1511) 899 # (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 900 # (b (+ 2 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))) 901 # (sunday 0)) 902 # (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 903 # (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) 904 # (setq b (1+ b))) 905 # (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 906 # (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 907 # (insert 908 # (format 909 # (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t-1:00\t-\n" 910 # "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t0\t-\n") 911 # (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 912 # (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 913 # (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 914 915 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 916 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 - 917 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 918 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 - 919 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 920 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 - 921 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 922 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 - 923 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 924 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 - 925 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 926 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 927 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 928 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 929 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 930 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 931 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 932 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 933 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 934 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 935 Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 - 936 Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 937 Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 - 938 Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0:00 0 - 939 Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 940 Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 941 Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 - 942 Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 943 Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 944 Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 - 945 Rule Morocco 2013 2018 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 946 Rule Morocco 2014 2018 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 947 Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 948 Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 - 949 Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - 950 Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 - 951 Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - 952 Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 - 953 Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - 954 Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 - 955 Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - 956 Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 - 957 Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 -1:00 - 958 Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 0 - 959 Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 -1:00 - 960 Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 31 2:00 0 - 961 Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 -1:00 - 962 Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 0 - 963 Rule Morocco 2022 only - Mar 27 3:00 -1:00 - 964 Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 0 - 965 Rule Morocco 2023 only - Mar 19 3:00 -1:00 - 966 Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 30 2:00 0 - 967 Rule Morocco 2024 only - Mar 10 3:00 -1:00 - 968 Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 0 - 969 Rule Morocco 2025 only - Feb 23 3:00 -1:00 - 970 Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 0 - 971 Rule Morocco 2026 only - Feb 15 3:00 -1:00 - 972 Rule Morocco 2026 only - Mar 22 2:00 0 - 973 Rule Morocco 2027 only - Feb 7 3:00 -1:00 - 974 Rule Morocco 2027 only - Mar 14 2:00 0 - 975 Rule Morocco 2028 only - Jan 23 3:00 -1:00 - 976 Rule Morocco 2028 only - Mar 5 2:00 0 - 977 Rule Morocco 2029 only - Jan 14 3:00 -1:00 - 978 Rule Morocco 2029 only - Feb 18 2:00 0 - 979 Rule Morocco 2029 only - Dec 30 3:00 -1:00 - 980 Rule Morocco 2030 only - Feb 10 2:00 0 - 981 Rule Morocco 2030 only - Dec 22 3:00 -1:00 - 982 Rule Morocco 2031 only - Feb 2 2:00 0 - 983 Rule Morocco 2031 only - Dec 14 3:00 -1:00 - 984 Rule Morocco 2032 only - Jan 18 2:00 0 - 985 Rule Morocco 2032 only - Nov 28 3:00 -1:00 - 986 Rule Morocco 2033 only - Jan 9 2:00 0 - 987 Rule Morocco 2033 only - Nov 20 3:00 -1:00 - 988 Rule Morocco 2033 only - Dec 25 2:00 0 - 989 Rule Morocco 2034 only - Nov 5 3:00 -1:00 - 990 Rule Morocco 2034 only - Dec 17 2:00 0 - 991 Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 28 3:00 -1:00 - 992 Rule Morocco 2035 only - Dec 9 2:00 0 - 993 Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 -1:00 - 994 Rule Morocco 2036 only - Nov 23 2:00 0 - 995 Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 -1:00 - 996 Rule Morocco 2037 only - Nov 15 2:00 0 - 997 Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 26 3:00 -1:00 - 998 Rule Morocco 2038 only - Nov 7 2:00 0 - 999 Rule Morocco 2039 only - Sep 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1000 Rule Morocco 2039 only - Oct 23 2:00 0 - 1001 Rule Morocco 2040 only - Sep 2 3:00 -1:00 - 1002 Rule Morocco 2040 only - Oct 14 2:00 0 - 1003 Rule Morocco 2041 only - Aug 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1004 Rule Morocco 2041 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - 1005 Rule Morocco 2042 only - Aug 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1006 Rule Morocco 2042 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 - 1007 Rule Morocco 2043 only - Aug 2 3:00 -1:00 - 1008 Rule Morocco 2043 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - 1009 Rule Morocco 2044 only - Jul 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1010 Rule Morocco 2044 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 - 1011 Rule Morocco 2045 only - Jul 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1012 Rule Morocco 2045 only - Aug 20 2:00 0 - 1013 Rule Morocco 2046 only - Jul 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1014 Rule Morocco 2046 only - Aug 12 2:00 0 - 1015 Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jun 23 3:00 -1:00 - 1016 Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jul 28 2:00 0 - 1017 Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jun 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1018 Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jul 19 2:00 0 - 1019 Rule Morocco 2049 only - May 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1020 Rule Morocco 2049 only - Jul 4 2:00 0 - 1021 Rule Morocco 2050 only - May 15 3:00 -1:00 - 1022 Rule Morocco 2050 only - Jun 26 2:00 0 - 1023 Rule Morocco 2051 only - May 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1024 Rule Morocco 2051 only - Jun 18 2:00 0 - 1025 Rule Morocco 2052 only - Apr 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1026 Rule Morocco 2052 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 - 1027 Rule Morocco 2053 only - Apr 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1028 Rule Morocco 2053 only - May 25 2:00 0 - 1029 Rule Morocco 2054 only - Apr 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1030 Rule Morocco 2054 only - May 17 2:00 0 - 1031 Rule Morocco 2055 only - Mar 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1032 Rule Morocco 2055 only - May 2 2:00 0 - 1033 Rule Morocco 2056 only - Mar 12 3:00 -1:00 - 1034 Rule Morocco 2056 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - 1035 Rule Morocco 2057 only - Mar 4 3:00 -1:00 - 1036 Rule Morocco 2057 only - Apr 8 2:00 0 - 1037 Rule Morocco 2058 only - Feb 17 3:00 -1:00 - 1038 Rule Morocco 2058 only - Mar 31 2:00 0 - 1039 Rule Morocco 2059 only - Feb 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1040 Rule Morocco 2059 only - Mar 23 2:00 0 - 1041 Rule Morocco 2060 only - Feb 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1042 Rule Morocco 2060 only - Mar 7 2:00 0 - 1043 Rule Morocco 2061 only - Jan 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1044 Rule Morocco 2061 only - Feb 27 2:00 0 - 1045 Rule Morocco 2062 only - Jan 8 3:00 -1:00 - 1046 Rule Morocco 2062 only - Feb 19 2:00 0 - 1047 Rule Morocco 2062 only - Dec 31 3:00 -1:00 - 1048 Rule Morocco 2063 only - Feb 4 2:00 0 - 1049 Rule Morocco 2063 only - Dec 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1050 Rule Morocco 2064 only - Jan 27 2:00 0 - 1051 Rule Morocco 2064 only - Dec 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1052 Rule Morocco 2065 only - Jan 11 2:00 0 - 1053 Rule Morocco 2065 only - Nov 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1054 Rule Morocco 2066 only - Jan 3 2:00 0 - 1055 Rule Morocco 2066 only - Nov 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1056 Rule Morocco 2066 only - Dec 26 2:00 0 - 1057 Rule Morocco 2067 only - Nov 6 3:00 -1:00 - 1058 Rule Morocco 2067 only - Dec 11 2:00 0 - 1059 Rule Morocco 2068 only - Oct 21 3:00 -1:00 - 1060 Rule Morocco 2068 only - Dec 2 2:00 0 - 1061 Rule Morocco 2069 only - Oct 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1062 Rule Morocco 2069 only - Nov 24 2:00 0 - 1063 Rule Morocco 2070 only - Oct 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1064 Rule Morocco 2070 only - Nov 9 2:00 0 - 1065 Rule Morocco 2071 only - Sep 20 3:00 -1:00 - 1066 Rule Morocco 2071 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 - 1067 Rule Morocco 2072 only - Sep 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1068 Rule Morocco 2072 only - Oct 16 2:00 0 - 1069 Rule Morocco 2073 only - Aug 27 3:00 -1:00 - 1070 Rule Morocco 2073 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 1071 Rule Morocco 2074 only - Aug 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1072 Rule Morocco 2074 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1073 Rule Morocco 2075 only - Aug 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1074 Rule Morocco 2075 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 - 1075 Rule Morocco 2076 only - Jul 26 3:00 -1:00 - 1076 Rule Morocco 2076 only - Sep 6 2:00 0 - 1077 Rule Morocco 2077 only - Jul 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1078 Rule Morocco 2077 only - Aug 29 2:00 0 - 1079 Rule Morocco 2078 only - Jul 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1080 Rule Morocco 2078 only - Aug 14 2:00 0 - 1081 Rule Morocco 2079 only - Jun 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1082 Rule Morocco 2079 only - Aug 6 2:00 0 - 1083 Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jun 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1084 Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jul 21 2:00 0 - 1085 Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jun 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1086 Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jul 13 2:00 0 - 1087 Rule Morocco 2082 only - May 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1088 Rule Morocco 2082 only - Jul 5 2:00 0 - 1089 Rule Morocco 2083 only - May 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1090 Rule Morocco 2083 only - Jun 20 2:00 0 - 1091 Rule Morocco 2084 only - Apr 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1092 Rule Morocco 2084 only - Jun 11 2:00 0 - 1093 Rule Morocco 2085 only - Apr 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1094 Rule Morocco 2085 only - Jun 3 2:00 0 - 1095 Rule Morocco 2086 only - Apr 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1096 Rule Morocco 2086 only - May 19 2:00 0 - 1097 Rule Morocco 2087 only - Mar 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1098 Rule Morocco 2087 only - May 11 2:00 0 - 1099 # For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that 1100 # Morocco will no longer observe DST. At some point this table will 1101 # need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the 1102 # rules first. 1103 1104 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1105 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 1106 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 1984 Mar 16 1107 1:00 - +01 1986 1108 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1109 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1110 1111 # Western Sahara 1112 # 1113 # From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 1114 # A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 1115 # ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 1116 # Morocco does. 1117 # 1118 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 1119 # Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 1120 # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 1121 1122 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aain 1123 -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14 1124 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1125 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1126 1127 # Mozambique 1128 # 1129 # Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT. 1130 # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 1131 # https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 1132 # merely made it official? 1133 # 1134 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1135 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 1136 2:00 - CAT 1137 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi 1138 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi 1139 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana 1140 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe 1141 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda 1142 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo 1143 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia 1144 1145 1146 # Namibia 1147 1148 # From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09): 1149 # The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at 1150 # www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf 1151 # and includes this nugget: 1152 # Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the 1153 # first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall 1154 # commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on 1155 # Sunday 4 September 1994. 1156 1157 # From Michael Deckers (2017-04-06): 1158 # ... both summer and winter time are called "standard" 1159 # (which differs from the use in Ireland) ... 1160 1161 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): 1162 # http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html 1163 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1164 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1165 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1166 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1167 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1168 # of the country. 1169 # 1170 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): 1171 # Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally 1172 # observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice. 1173 # In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1174 # See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23. 1175 # https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers 1176 1177 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09): 1178 # Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST: 1179 # https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1180 # This video is from the government decision: 1181 # https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665 1182 # We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at 1183 # the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September: 1184 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html 1185 1186 # From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09): 1187 # Before the change, summer and winter time were both standard time legally. 1188 # However in common parlance, winter time was considered to be DST. See, e.g.: 1189 # http://www.nbc.na/news/namibias-winter-time-could-be-scrapped.2706 1190 # https://zone.my.na/news/times-are-changing-in-namibia 1191 # https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1192 # Use plain "WAT" and "CAT" for the time zone abbreviations, to be compatible 1193 # with Namibia's neighbors. 1194 1195 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1196 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1197 Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 -1:00 WAT 1198 Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 CAT 1199 Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 -1:00 WAT 1200 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1201 #Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 WAT 1202 #Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 CAT 1203 #Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 WAT 1204 # End of rearguard section. 1205 1206 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1207 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1208 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar 1209 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1210 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 1211 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1212 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1213 2:00 Namibia %s 1214 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1215 # 2:00 - CAT 1994 Mar 21 0:00 1216 # From Paul Eggert (2017-04-07): 1217 # The official date of the 2017 rule change was 2017-10-24. See: 1218 # http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian%20Time%20Act%209%20of%202017.pdf 1219 # 1:00 Namibia %s 2017 Oct 24 1220 # 2:00 - CAT 1221 # End of rearguard section. 1222 1223 # Niger 1224 # See Africa/Lagos. 1225 1226 # Nigeria 1227 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1228 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 1229 1:00 - WAT 1230 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic 1231 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo 1232 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon 1233 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west) 1234 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon 1235 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola 1236 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea 1237 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger 1238 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin 1239 1240 # Runion 1241 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1242 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1243 4:00 - +04 1244 # 1245 # Crozet Islands also observes Runion time; see the 'antarctica' file. 1246 # 1247 # Scattered Islands (les parses) administered from Runion are as follows. 1248 # The following information about them is taken from 1249 # les parses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, 1250 # in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 1251 # We have no info about their time zone histories. 1252 # 1253 # Bassas da India - uninhabited 1254 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 1255 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 1256 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited 1257 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 1258 1259 # Rwanda 1260 # See Africa/Maputo. 1261 1262 # St Helena 1263 # See Africa/Abidjan. 1264 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 1265 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1266 # Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA 1267 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 1268 # on GMT, says the CIA 1269 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited 1270 1271 # So Tom and Prncipe 1272 1273 # See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition. 1274 1275 # From Steffen Thorsen (2018-01-08): 1276 # Multiple sources tell that So Tom changed from UTC to UTC+1 as 1277 # they entered the year 2018. 1278 # From Michael Deckers (2018-01-08): 1279 # the switch is from 01:00 to 02:00 ... [Decree No. 25/2017] 1280 # http://www.mnec.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/90-decreto-lei-n-25-2017 1281 1282 # From Vadim Nasardinov (2018-12-29): 1283 # So Tom and Prncipe is about to do the following on Jan 1, 2019: 1284 # https://www.stp-press.st/2018/12/05/governo-jesus-ja-decidiu-repor-hora-legal-sao-tomense/ 1285 # 1286 # From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30): 1287 # https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818 1288 # ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal 1289 # coordinated time, will be restituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.] 1290 1291 Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1292 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 00:00u # Lisbon MT 1293 0:00 - GMT 2018 Jan 1 01:00 1294 1:00 - WAT 2019 Jan 1 02:00 1295 0:00 - GMT 1296 1297 # Senegal 1298 # See Africa/Abidjan. 1299 1300 # Seychelles 1301 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1302 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 1303 4:00 - +04 1304 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 1305 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 1306 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 1307 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 1308 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 1309 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 1310 1311 # Sierra Leone 1312 # See Africa/Abidjan. 1313 1314 # Somalia 1315 # See Africa/Nairobi. 1316 1317 # South Africa 1318 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1319 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 1320 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1321 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1322 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1323 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 1324 2:00 SA SAST 1325 Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho 1326 Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Eswatini 1327 # 1328 # Marion and Prince Edward Is 1329 # scientific station since 1947 1330 # no information 1331 1332 # Sudan 1333 1334 # From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> 1335 # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), 1336 # also reported by Michal De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 1337 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 1338 # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1339 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1340 1341 # From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17): 1342 # ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00) 1343 # to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017. 1344 # 1345 # From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1346 # A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the 1347 # year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia 1348 # Abdalla of NTC, archived at: 1349 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html 1350 1351 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1352 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1353 Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1354 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1355 Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1356 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1357 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1358 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1359 3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1 1360 2:00 - CAT 1361 1362 # South Sudan 1363 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1364 Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931 1365 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1366 3:00 - EAT 1367 1368 # Tanzania 1369 # See Africa/Nairobi. 1370 1371 # Togo 1372 # See Africa/Abidjan. 1373 1374 # Tunisia 1375 1376 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1377 # My correspondent, Risto Nyknen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1378 # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1379 # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1380 # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1381 # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1382 # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1383 # Saturday." (My translation) 1384 # 1385 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1386 # La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1387 # http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html 1388 # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1389 # 1h standard time. 1390 # 1391 # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1392 # The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1393 # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1394 # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1395 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1396 1397 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1398 # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1399 # (Arabic) 1400 # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1401 # https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1402 # 1403 # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1404 # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1405 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1406 1407 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1408 # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1409 # 1410 # Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1411 # 1412 # (in English) 1413 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1414 # 1415 # (in Arabic) 1416 # http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1417 1418 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): 1419 # The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is 1420 # due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period 1421 # concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept 1422 # unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception 1423 # (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1424 1425 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1426 # According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1427 # 1428 # (translation): 1429 # "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1430 # Sunday... 1431 # Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1432 # coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1433 # 1434 # (in Arabic) 1435 # http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1436 # http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1437 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1438 1439 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1440 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1441 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1442 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1443 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1444 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1445 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1446 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1447 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1448 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1449 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1450 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1451 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1452 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1453 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1454 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1455 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1456 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1457 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1458 Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1459 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1460 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1461 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1462 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1463 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1464 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1465 1466 # See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions. 1467 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1468 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1469 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1470 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1471 1472 # Uganda 1473 # See Africa/Nairobi. 1474 1475 # Zambia 1476 # Zimbabwe 1477 # See Africa/Maputo. 1478
Indexes created Thu Apr 30 00:23:01 UTC 2026