bsd-family-tree revision 1.11
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2 --------------------------------------------- 3 4 First Edition (V1) 5 | 6 Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8 Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10 Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12 Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18 Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49 Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | v | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 142 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | v 143 | | | | v OpenBSD 2.9 144 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | 145 | | | | | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.4 | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | 147 | | | | | 148 | v | | | 149 | | | | 150 FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 151 | | | | 152 v | v v 153 Mac OS X 154 10.1 155 156 Time 157 ---------------- 158 159 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 160 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 161 162 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 163 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 164 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 165 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 166 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 167 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 168 [U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 169 [USE] Usenet announcement. 170 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 171 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 172 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 173 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 174 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 175 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 176 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 177 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 178 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 179 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 180 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 181 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 182 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 183 184 Multics 1965 185 UNIX Summer 1969 186 DEC PDP-7 187 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 188 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 189 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 190 10 UNIX installations 191 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 192 Pipes, 16 installations 193 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 194 rewriting in C effected, 195 above 30 installations 196 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 197 above 50 installations 198 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 199 port to DEC Vax 200 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 201 first portable UNIX 202 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 203 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 204 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 205 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 206 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 207 and networking part by the streams mechanism 208 209 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 210 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 211 212 1BSD late 1977 213 1978-03-09 [QCU] 214 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 215 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 216 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 217 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 218 75 2BSD tapes shipped 219 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 220 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 221 222 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 223 set of performance improvements 224 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 225 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 226 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 227 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 228 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 229 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 230 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 231 232 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 233 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 234 virtual memory, page replacement, 235 demand paging 236 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 237 4.1BSD 1981-06-xx 238 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 239 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 240 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 241 4.1cBSD late 1982 242 beta release, IPC [44B] 243 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 244 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 245 1986-04-xx [KB] 246 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU] 247 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 248 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC] 249 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU] 250 251 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 252 first code released to people outside BSDI 253 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 254 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 255 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 256 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 257 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 258 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 259 first external gamma; G customers 260 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 261 would have been 1.0 except for request 262 for preliminary injunction 263 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 264 injunction denied; first official release 265 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 266 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 267 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 268 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 269 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 270 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 271 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 272 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 273 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 274 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 275 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 276 FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 277 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 278 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 279 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 280 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 281 the true final distribution from the CSRG 282 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 283 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 284 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 285 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 286 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 287 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 288 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 289 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 290 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 291 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 292 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 293 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 294 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 295 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 296 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 297 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 298 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 299 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 300 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 301 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 302 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 303 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 304 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 305 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 306 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 307 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 308 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 309 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 310 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 311 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 312 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 313 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 314 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 315 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 316 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 317 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 318 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 319 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 320 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 321 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 322 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 323 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 324 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 325 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 326 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 327 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 328 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 329 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 330 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 331 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 332 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 333 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 334 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 335 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 336 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 337 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 338 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 339 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 340 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 341 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 342 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 343 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 344 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-xx [APL] 345 346 347 Bibliography 348 ------------------------ 349 350 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 351 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 352 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 353 354 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 355 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 356 357 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 358 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 359 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 360 361 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 362 363 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 364 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 365 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 366 367 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 368 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 369 370 Andreas Klemm, Lars Kller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 371 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 372 373 BSD Release Announcements collection. 374 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 375 376 BSD Hypertext Man Pages 377 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 378 379 UNIX history graphing project 380 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 381 382 UNIX history 383 URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 384 385 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 386 URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 387 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 388 389 390 Acknowledgments 391 --------------- 392 393 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 394 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 395 396 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 397 398 -- 399 Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch (a] FreeBSD.ORG> 400 URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 401 402 $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.52 2001/09/28 17:18:10 wosch Exp $ 403 $NetBSD: bsd-family-tree,v 1.11 2001/11/26 01:46:53 itojun Exp $ 404
Indexes created Wed Nov 05 01:09:58 GMT 2025