bsd-family-tree revision 1.11.2.1
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2 --------------------------------------------- 3 4 First Edition (V1) 5 | 6 Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8 Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10 Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12 Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18 Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49 Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | v | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 142 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | v 143 | | | | v OpenBSD 2.9 144 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | 145 | | | | | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.4 | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | 147 | | | | | | 148 | v | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | 149 | | | | 150 | | | | 151 FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 152 | | | | 153 v | v v 154 Mac OS X 155 10.1 156 157 Time 158 ---------------- 159 160 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 161 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 162 163 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 164 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 165 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 166 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 167 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 168 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 169 [U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 170 [USE] Usenet announcement. 171 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 172 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 173 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 174 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 175 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 176 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 177 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 178 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 179 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 180 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 181 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 182 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 183 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 184 185 Multics 1965 186 UNIX Summer 1969 187 DEC PDP-7 188 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 189 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 190 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 191 10 UNIX installations 192 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 193 Pipes, 16 installations 194 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 195 rewriting in C effected, 196 above 30 installations 197 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 198 above 50 installations 199 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 200 port to DEC Vax 201 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 202 first portable UNIX 203 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 204 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 205 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 206 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 207 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 208 and networking part by the streams mechanism 209 210 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 211 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 212 213 1BSD late 1977 214 1978-03-09 [QCU] 215 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 216 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 217 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 218 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 219 75 2BSD tapes shipped 220 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 221 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 222 223 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 224 set of performance improvements 225 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 226 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 227 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 228 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 229 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 230 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 231 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 232 233 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 234 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 235 virtual memory, page replacement, 236 demand paging 237 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 238 4.1BSD 1981-06-xx 239 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 240 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 241 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 242 4.1cBSD late 1982 243 beta release, IPC [44B] 244 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 245 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 246 1986-04-xx [KB] 247 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU] 248 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 249 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC] 250 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU] 251 252 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 253 first code released to people outside BSDI 254 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 255 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 256 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 257 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 258 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 259 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 260 first external gamma; G customers 261 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 262 would have been 1.0 except for request 263 for preliminary injunction 264 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 265 injunction denied; first official release 266 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 267 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 268 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 269 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 270 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 271 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 272 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 273 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 274 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 275 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 276 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 277 FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 278 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 279 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 280 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 281 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 282 the true final distribution from the CSRG 283 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 284 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 285 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 286 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 287 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 288 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 289 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 290 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 291 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 292 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 293 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 294 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 295 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 296 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 297 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 298 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 299 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 300 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 301 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 302 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 303 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 304 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 305 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 306 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 307 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 308 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 309 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 310 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 311 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 312 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 313 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 314 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 315 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 316 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 317 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 318 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 319 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 320 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 321 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 322 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 323 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 324 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 325 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 326 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 327 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 328 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 329 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 330 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 331 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 332 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 333 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 334 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 335 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 336 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 337 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 338 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 339 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 340 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 341 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 342 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 343 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 344 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 345 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 346 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-xx [APL] 347 348 349 Bibliography 350 ------------------------ 351 352 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 353 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 354 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 355 356 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 357 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 358 359 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 360 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 361 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 362 363 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 364 365 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 366 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 367 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 368 369 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 370 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 371 372 Andreas Klemm, Lars Kller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 373 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 374 375 BSD Release Announcements collection. 376 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 377 378 BSD Hypertext Man Pages 379 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 380 381 UNIX history graphing project 382 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 383 384 UNIX history 385 URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 386 387 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 388 URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 389 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 390 391 392 Acknowledgments 393 --------------- 394 395 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 396 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 397 398 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 399 400 -- 401 Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch (a] FreeBSD.ORG> 402 URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 403 404 $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.52 2001/09/28 17:18:10 wosch Exp $ 405 $NetBSD: bsd-family-tree,v 1.11.2.1 2003/09/09 19:36:48 tron Exp $ 406
Indexes created Wed Nov 05 01:09:58 GMT 2025