bsd-family-tree revision 1.11.2.5
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2 --------------------------------------------- 3 4 First Edition (V1) 5 | 6 Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8 Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10 Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12 Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18 Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49 Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | v 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | 147 | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4 | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | 149 | | | | | | 150 | | | | | OpenBSD 3.0 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | 152 | | | | | | 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 | | | | 154 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | 155 | v | | | | 156 | | | v | 157 | | | | 158 FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 159 | | | | 160 v | v v 161 Mac OS X 162 10.1 163 164 Time 165 ---------------- 166 167 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 168 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 169 170 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 171 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 172 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 173 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 174 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 175 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 176 [U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 177 [USE] Usenet announcement. 178 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 179 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 180 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 181 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 182 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 183 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 184 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 185 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 186 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 187 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 188 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 189 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 190 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 191 192 Multics 1965 193 UNIX Summer 1969 194 DEC PDP-7 195 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 196 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 197 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 198 10 UNIX installations 199 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 200 Pipes, 16 installations 201 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 202 rewriting in C effected, 203 above 30 installations 204 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 205 above 50 installations 206 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 207 port to DEC Vax 208 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 209 first portable UNIX 210 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 211 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 212 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 213 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 214 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 215 and networking part by the streams mechanism 216 217 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 218 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 219 220 1BSD late 1977 221 1978-03-09 [QCU] 222 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 223 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 224 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 225 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 226 75 2BSD tapes shipped 227 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 228 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 229 230 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 231 set of performance improvements 232 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 233 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 234 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 235 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 236 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 237 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 238 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 239 240 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 241 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 242 virtual memory, page replacement, 243 demand paging 244 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 245 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 246 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 247 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 248 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 249 4.1cBSD late 1982 250 beta release, IPC [44B] 251 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 252 1983-08-03 [DOC] 253 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 254 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 255 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 256 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 257 1989-01-01 [DOC] 258 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 259 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 260 261 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 262 first code released to people outside BSDI 263 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 264 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 265 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 266 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 267 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 268 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 269 first external gamma; G customers 270 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 271 would have been 1.0 except for request 272 for preliminary injunction 273 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 274 injunction denied; first official release 275 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 276 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 277 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 278 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 279 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 280 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 281 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 282 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 283 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 284 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 285 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 286 FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 287 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 288 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 289 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 290 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 291 the true final distribution from the CSRG 292 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 293 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 294 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 295 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 296 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 297 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 298 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 299 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 300 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 301 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 302 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 303 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 304 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 305 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 306 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 307 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 308 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 309 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 310 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 311 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 312 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 313 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 314 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 315 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 316 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 317 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 318 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 319 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 320 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 321 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 322 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 323 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 324 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 325 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 326 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 327 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 328 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 329 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 330 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 331 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 332 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 333 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 334 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 335 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 336 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 337 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 338 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 339 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 340 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 341 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 342 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 343 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 344 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 345 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 346 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 347 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 348 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 349 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 350 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 351 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 352 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 353 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 354 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-xx [APL] 355 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 356 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 357 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-xx [FBD] 358 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 359 360 361 Bibliography 362 ------------------------ 363 364 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 365 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 366 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 367 368 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 369 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 370 371 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 372 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 373 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 374 375 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 376 377 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 378 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 379 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 380 381 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 382 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 383 384 Andreas Klemm, Lars Kller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 385 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 386 387 BSD Release Announcements collection. 388 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 389 390 BSD Hypertext Man Pages 391 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 392 393 UNIX history graphing project 394 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 395 396 UNIX history 397 URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 398 399 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 400 URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 401 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 402 403 404 Acknowledgments 405 --------------- 406 407 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 408 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 409 410 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 411 412 -- 413 Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch (a] FreeBSD.ORG> 414 URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 415 416 $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.58 2002/03/10 19:00:37 wosch Exp $ 417
Indexes created Wed Nov 05 01:09:58 GMT 2025