bsd-family-tree revision 1.12
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | v | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 142 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | v 143 | | | | v OpenBSD 2.9 144 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | 145 | | | | | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.4 | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | 147 | | | | | | 148 | v | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | 149 | | | | 150 | | | | 151FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 152 | | | | 153 v | v v 154 Mac OS X 155 10.1 156 157Time 158---------------- 159 160Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 161was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 162 163[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 164 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 165 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 166[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 167[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 168[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 169[U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 170[USE] Usenet announcement. 171[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 172 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 173 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 174[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 175 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 176[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 177 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 178[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 179[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 180[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 181[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 182[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 183[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 184 185Multics 1965 186UNIX Summer 1969 187 DEC PDP-7 188First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 189 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 190Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 191 10 UNIX installations 192Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 193 Pipes, 16 installations 194Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 195 rewriting in C effected, 196 above 30 installations 197Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 198 above 50 installations 199Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 200 port to DEC Vax 201Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 202 first portable UNIX 203Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 204 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 205 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 206 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 207 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 208 and networking part by the streams mechanism 209 210Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 211Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 212 2131BSD late 1977 214 1978-03-09 [QCU] 215 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 216 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 217 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2182BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 219 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2202.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2212.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 222 2232.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 224 set of performance improvements 2252.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2262.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2272.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2282.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2292.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2302.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2312.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 232 23332V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2343BSD late 1979 [QCU] 235 virtual memory, page replacement, 236 demand paging 2374.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2384.1BSD 1981-06-xx 2394.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 240 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2414.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2424.1cBSD late 1982 243 beta release, IPC [44B] 2444.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 2454.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 246 1986-04-xx [KB] 2474.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU] 2484.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 2494.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC] 2504.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU] 251 252BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 253 first code released to people outside BSDI 254386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 255BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 256BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 257386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 2584.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 259BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 260 first external gamma; G customers 261BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 262 would have been 1.0 except for request 263 for preliminary injunction 264BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 265 injunction denied; first official release 266NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 2674.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 268NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 269FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 270BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 2714.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 272FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 273FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 274 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 275NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 276386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 277FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 278BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 279FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 280BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 2814.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 282 the true final distribution from the CSRG 283FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 284NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 285BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 286FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 287NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 288OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 289FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 290FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 291Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 292FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 293BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 294FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 295FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 296FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 297NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 298OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 299FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 300OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 301NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 302FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 303NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 304BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 305OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 306NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 307FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 308BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 309 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 310FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 311 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 312 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 313 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 314FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 315OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 316NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 317FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 318BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 319NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 320FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 321OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 322NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 323FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 324OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 325FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 326BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 327FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 328NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 329OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 330FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 331FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 332FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 333FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 334FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 335NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 336BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 337OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 338NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 339Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 340FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 341OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 342NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 343NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 344NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 345FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 346Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-xx [APL] 347 348 349Bibliography 350------------------------ 351 352Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 353Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 354System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 355 356Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 357Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 358 359McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 360Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 361System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 362 363Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 364 365Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 366Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 367Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 368 369Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 370URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 371 372Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 373Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 374 375BSD Release Announcements collection. 376URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 377 378BSD Hypertext Man Pages 379URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 380 381UNIX history graphing project 382URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 383 384UNIX history 385URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 386 387James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 388URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 389("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 390 391 392Acknowledgments 393--------------- 394 395Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 396original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 397 398Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 399 400-- 401Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 402URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 403 404$FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.52 2001/09/28 17:18:10 wosch Exp $ 405$NetBSD: bsd-family-tree,v 1.12 2002/07/23 06:53:35 grant Exp $ 406