bsd-family-tree revision 1.17
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2 --------------------------------------------- 3 4 First Edition (V1) 5 | 6 Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8 Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10 Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12 Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18 Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49 Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | v 155 | | Mac OS X | | | 156 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 10.2 | v | 157 | | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | 160 | | | | | 161 | v | | | 162 | | | | 163 FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 164 | | | | 165 v v v v 166 167 Time 168 ---------------- 169 170 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 171 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 172 173 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 174 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 175 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 176 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 177 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 178 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 179 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 180 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 181 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 182 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 183 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 184 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 185 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 186 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 187 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 188 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 189 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 190 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 191 [USE] Usenet announcement. 192 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 193 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 194 195 Multics 1965 196 UNIX Summer 1969 197 DEC PDP-7 198 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 199 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 200 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 201 10 UNIX installations 202 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 203 Pipes, 16 installations 204 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 205 rewriting in C effected, 206 above 30 installations 207 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 208 above 50 installations 209 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 210 port to DEC Vax 211 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 212 first portable UNIX 213 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 214 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 215 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 216 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 217 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 218 and networking part by the streams mechanism 219 220 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 221 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 222 223 1BSD late 1977 224 1978-03-09 [QCU] 225 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 226 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 227 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 228 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 229 75 2BSD tapes shipped 230 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 231 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 232 233 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 234 set of performance improvements 235 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 236 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 237 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 238 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 239 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 240 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 241 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 242 243 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 244 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 245 virtual memory, page replacement, 246 demand paging 247 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 248 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 249 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 250 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 251 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 252 4.1cBSD late 1982 253 beta release, IPC [44B] 254 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 255 1983-08-03 [DOC] 256 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 257 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 258 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 259 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 260 1989-01-01 [DOC] 261 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 262 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 263 264 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 265 first code released to people outside BSDI 266 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 267 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 268 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 269 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 270 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 271 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 272 first external gamma; G customers 273 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 274 would have been 1.0 except for request 275 for preliminary injunction 276 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 277 injunction denied; first official release 278 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 279 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 280 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 281 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 282 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 283 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 284 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 285 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 286 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 287 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 288 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 289 FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 290 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 291 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 292 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 293 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 294 the true final distribution from the CSRG 295 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 296 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 297 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 298 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 299 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 300 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 301 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 302 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 303 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 304 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 305 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 306 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 307 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 308 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 309 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 310 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 311 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 312 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 313 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 314 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 315 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 316 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 317 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 318 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 319 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 320 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 321 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 322 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 323 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 324 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 325 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 326 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 327 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 328 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 329 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 330 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 331 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 332 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 333 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 334 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 335 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 336 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 337 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 338 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 339 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 340 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 341 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 342 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 343 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 344 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 345 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 346 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 347 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 348 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 349 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 350 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 351 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 352 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 353 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 354 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 355 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 356 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 357 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 358 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 359 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 360 BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 361 OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 362 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 363 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 364 FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 365 Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 366 NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 367 FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 368 369 Bibliography 370 ------------------------ 371 372 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 373 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 374 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 375 376 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 377 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 378 379 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 380 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 381 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 382 383 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 384 385 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 386 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 387 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 388 389 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 390 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 391 392 Andreas Klemm, Lars Kller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 393 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 394 395 BSD Release Announcements collection. 396 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 397 398 BSD Hypertext Man Pages 399 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 400 401 UNIX history graphing project 402 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 403 404 UNIX history 405 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 406 407 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 408 URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 409 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 410 411 412 Acknowledgments 413 --------------- 414 415 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 416 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 417 418 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 419 420 -- 421 Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch (a] FreeBSD.ORG> 422 URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 423 424 $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.67 2002/10/10 16:42:54 jhb Exp $ 425
Indexes created Wed Nov 05 01:09:58 GMT 2025