bsd-family-tree revision 1.20
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2 --------------------------------------------- 3 4 First Edition (V1) 5 | 6 Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8 Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10 Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12 Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18 Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49 Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | v | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | v 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 156 | | 10.2 | v | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | 161 | v | | | OpenBSD 3.3 162 | | | v | 163 FreeBSD 5.0 | | | 164 | | | | 165 FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 166 | | | | 167 v v v v 168 169 Time 170 ---------------- 171 172 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 173 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 174 175 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 176 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 177 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 178 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 179 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 180 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 181 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 182 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 183 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 184 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 185 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 186 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 187 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 188 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 189 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 190 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 191 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 192 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 193 [USE] Usenet announcement. 194 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 195 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 196 197 Multics 1965 198 UNIX Summer 1969 199 DEC PDP-7 200 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 201 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 202 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 203 10 UNIX installations 204 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 205 Pipes, 16 installations 206 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 207 rewriting in C effected, 208 above 30 installations 209 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 210 above 50 installations 211 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 212 port to DEC Vax 213 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 214 first portable UNIX 215 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 216 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 217 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 218 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 219 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 220 and networking part by the streams mechanism 221 222 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 223 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 224 225 1BSD late 1977 226 1978-03-09 [QCU] 227 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 228 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 229 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 230 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 231 75 2BSD tapes shipped 232 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 233 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 234 235 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 236 set of performance improvements 237 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 238 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 239 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 240 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 241 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 242 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 243 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 244 245 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 246 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 247 virtual memory, page replacement, 248 demand paging 249 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 250 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 251 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 252 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 253 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 254 4.1cBSD late 1982 255 beta release, IPC [44B] 256 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 257 1983-08-03 [DOC] 258 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 259 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 260 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 261 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 262 1989-01-01 [DOC] 263 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 264 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 265 266 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 267 first code released to people outside BSDI 268 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 269 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 270 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 271 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 272 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 273 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 274 first external gamma; G customers 275 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 276 would have been 1.0 except for request 277 for preliminary injunction 278 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 279 injunction denied; first official release 280 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 281 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 282 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 283 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 284 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 285 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 286 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 287 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 288 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 289 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 290 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 291 FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 292 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 293 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 294 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 295 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 296 the true final distribution from the CSRG 297 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 298 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 299 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 300 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 301 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 302 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 303 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 304 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 305 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 306 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 307 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 308 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 309 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 310 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 311 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 312 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 313 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 314 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 315 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 316 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 317 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 318 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 319 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 320 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 321 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 322 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 323 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 324 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 325 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 326 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 327 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 328 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 329 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 330 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 331 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 332 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 333 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 334 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 335 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 336 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 337 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 338 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 339 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 340 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 341 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 342 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 343 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 344 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 345 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 346 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 347 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 348 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 349 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 350 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 351 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 352 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 353 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 354 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 355 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 356 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 357 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 358 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 359 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 360 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 361 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 362 BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 363 OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 364 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 365 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 366 FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 367 Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 368 NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 369 FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 370 OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 371 FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 372 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 373 -current, similar to 3.0. 374 FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 375 NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 376 OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 377 378 379 Bibliography 380 ------------------------ 381 382 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 383 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 384 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 385 386 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 387 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 388 389 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 390 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 391 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 392 393 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 394 395 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 396 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 397 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 398 399 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 400 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 401 402 Andreas Klemm, Lars Kller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 403 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 404 405 BSD Release Announcements collection. 406 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 407 408 BSD Hypertext Man Pages 409 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 410 411 UNIX history graphing project 412 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 413 414 UNIX history 415 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 416 417 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 418 URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 419 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 420 421 422 Acknowledgments 423 --------------- 424 425 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 426 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 427 428 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 429 430 -- 431 Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch (a] FreeBSD.ORG> 432 URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 433 434 $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.72 2003/05/03 09:18:25 wosch Exp $ 435
Indexes created Wed Nov 05 01:09:58 GMT 2025