bsd-family-tree revision 1.27
1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 156 | | 10.2 | | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 162 | | \ | | | | | 163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 164 | | | | | | | 165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 168 | | | | | v | 169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 170 | | | | | | 171 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | v `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 174 | | | | \ 175FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 176 | | | | | 177FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 178 | \ | | | | 179 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 180 | 10.3 | | | 181FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 182 | | | | | | 183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 184 | | | | | 185 *---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 187 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | | 188 | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 189 | | Mac OS X | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 190 | FreeBSD 5.4 10.4 | | | | 191 | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 192 | V | | v | | 193 | | | OpenBSD 3.8 | 194 | | | | | 195FreeBSD 6 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 196 | | | | | 197 v v v v v 198 199Time 200---------------- 201 202Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 203was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 204 205[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 206 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 207 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 208[APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 209[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 210[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 211[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 212[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 213[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 214 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 215[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 216 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 217[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 218 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 219 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 220[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 221[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 222[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 223[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 224[USE] Usenet announcement. 225[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 226[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 227 228Multics 1965 229UNIX Summer 1969 230 DEC PDP-7 231First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 232 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 233Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 234 10 UNIX installations 235Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 236 Pipes, 16 installations 237Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 238 rewriting in C effected, 239 above 30 installations 240Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 241 above 50 installations 242Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 243 port to DEC Vax 244Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 245 first portable UNIX 246Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 247 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 248 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 249 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 250 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 251 and networking part by the streams mechanism 252 253Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 254Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 255 2561BSD late 1977 257 1978-03-09 [QCU] 258 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 259 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 260 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2612BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 262 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2632.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2642.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 265 2662.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 267 set of performance improvements 2682.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2692.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2702.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2712.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2722.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2732.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2742.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 275 27632V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2773BSD late 1979 [QCU] 278 virtual memory, page replacement, 279 demand paging 2804.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2814.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 2824.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 283 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2844.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2854.1cBSD late 1982 286 beta release, IPC [44B] 2874.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 288 1983-08-03 [DOC] 2894.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 290 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 2914.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 2924.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 293 1989-01-01 [DOC] 2944.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 2954.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 296 297BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 298 first code released to people outside BSDI 299386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 300BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 301BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 302386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 3034.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 304BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 305 first external gamma; G customers 306BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 307 would have been 1.0 except for request 308 for preliminary injunction 309BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 310 injunction denied; first official release 311NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 3124.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 313NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 314FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 315BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 3164.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 317FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 318FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 319FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 320 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 321NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 322386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 323FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 324BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 325FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 326BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 3274.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 328 the true final distribution from the CSRG 329FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 330NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 331BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 332FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 333NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 334OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 335FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 336FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 337Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 338FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 339BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 340FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 341FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 342FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 343NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 344OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 345FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 346OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 347NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 348FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 349NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 350BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 351OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 352NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 353FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 354BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 355 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 356FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 357 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 358 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 359 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 360FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 361OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 362NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 363FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 364BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 365NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 366FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 367OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 368NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 369FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 370OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 371FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 372BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 373FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 374NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 375OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 376FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 377FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 378FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 379FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 380FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 381NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 382BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 383OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 384NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 385Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 386FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 387OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 388NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 389NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 390FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 391Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 392OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 393FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 394BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 395OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 396FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 397NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 398FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 399Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 400NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 401FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 402OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 403FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 404 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 405 -current, similar to 3.0. 406FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 407NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 408OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 409BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 410FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 411Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 412FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 413BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 414OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 415FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 416FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 417NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 418OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 419FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 420DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 421OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 422FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 423NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 424FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 425DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 426NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 427Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 428FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 429OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 430OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 431 432Bibliography 433------------------------ 434 435Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 436Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 437System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 438 439Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 440Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 441 442McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 443Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 444System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 445 446McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 447Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 448Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 449 450Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 451 452Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 453Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 454Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 455 456Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 457URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 458 459Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 460Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 461 462BSD Release Announcements collection. 463URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 464 465BSD Hypertext Man Pages 466URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 467 468UNIX history graphing project 469URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 470 471UNIX history 472URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 473 474James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 475URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 476("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 477 478 479Acknowledgments 480--------------- 481 482Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 483original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 484 485Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 486 487-- 488Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 489URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 490 491$FreeBSD: /repoman/r/ncvs/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.96 2005/11/01 10:32:42 maxim Exp $ 492