bsd-family-tree revision 1.29
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2 --------------------------------------------- 3 4 First Edition (V1) 5 | 6 Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8 Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10 Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12 Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18 Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49 Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 121 | | | | | | | | | 122 | | | | | | | | | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 129 | | | | | | | | | 130 | | | | | | | | | 131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 134 | | | | | | | | 135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | (?) | | | | 137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 138 | | | | / | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 141 | | | | | | 142 | | | | | | 143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 147 | | | | | | | 148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 149 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 156 | | 10.2 | | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 162 | | \ | | | | | 163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 164 | | | | | | | 165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 168 | | | | | v | 169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 170 | | | | | | 171 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | v `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 174 | | | | \ 175 FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 176 | | | | | 177 FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 178 | \ | | | | 179 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 180 | 10.3 | | | 181 FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 182 | | | | | | 183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 184 | | | | | 185 *---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 187 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | | 188 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 189 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 190 | FreeBSD 5.4 10.4 | | | | | 191 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 192 | V | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 193 | | | | | | | 194 *---FreeBSD 6.0 | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 195 | | | | | | | 196 | V | | \ | | 197 | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 198 | | | | | 199 FreeBSD 7 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current | 200 | | | | | 201 v v v v v 202 203 Time 204 ---------------- 205 206 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 207 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 208 209 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 210 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 211 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 212 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/] 213 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 214 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 215 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 216 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 217 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 218 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 219 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 220 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 221 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 222 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 223 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 224 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 225 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 226 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 227 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 228 [USE] Usenet announcement. 229 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 230 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 231 232 Multics 1965 233 UNIX Summer 1969 234 DEC PDP-7 235 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 236 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 237 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 238 10 UNIX installations 239 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 240 Pipes, 16 installations 241 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 242 rewriting in C effected, 243 above 30 installations 244 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 245 above 50 installations 246 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 247 port to DEC Vax 248 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 249 first portable UNIX 250 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 251 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 252 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 253 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 254 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 255 and networking part by the streams mechanism 256 257 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 258 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 259 260 1BSD late 1977 261 1978-03-09 [QCU] 262 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 263 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 264 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 265 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 266 75 2BSD tapes shipped 267 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 268 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 269 270 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 271 set of performance improvements 272 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 273 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 274 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 275 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 276 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 277 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 278 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 279 280 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 281 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 282 virtual memory, page replacement, 283 demand paging 284 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 285 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 286 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 287 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 288 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 289 4.1cBSD late 1982 290 beta release, IPC [44B] 291 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 292 1983-08-03 [DOC] 293 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 294 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 295 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 296 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 297 1989-01-01 [DOC] 298 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 299 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 300 301 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 302 first code released to people outside BSDI 303 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 304 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 305 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 306 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 307 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 308 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 309 first external gamma; G customers 310 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 311 would have been 1.0 except for request 312 for preliminary injunction 313 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 314 injunction denied; first official release 315 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 316 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 317 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 318 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 319 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 320 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 321 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 322 FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 323 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 324 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 325 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 326 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 327 FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 328 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 329 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 330 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 331 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 332 the true final distribution from the CSRG 333 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 334 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 335 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 336 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 337 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 338 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 339 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 340 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 341 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 342 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 343 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 344 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 345 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 346 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 347 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 348 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 349 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 350 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 351 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 352 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 353 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 354 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 355 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 356 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 357 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 358 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 359 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 360 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 361 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 362 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 363 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 364 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 365 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 366 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 367 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 368 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 369 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 370 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 371 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 372 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 373 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 374 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 375 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 376 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 377 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 378 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 379 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 380 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 381 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 382 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 383 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 384 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 385 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 386 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 387 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 388 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 389 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 390 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 391 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 392 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 393 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 394 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 395 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 396 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 397 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 398 BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 399 OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 400 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 401 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 402 FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 403 Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 404 NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 405 FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 406 OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 407 FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 408 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 409 -current, similar to 3.0. 410 FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 411 NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 412 OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 413 BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 414 FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 415 Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 416 FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 417 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 418 OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 419 FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 420 FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 421 NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 422 OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 423 FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 424 DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 425 OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 426 FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 427 NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 428 FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 429 DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 430 NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 431 Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 432 FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 433 OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 434 NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 435 OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 436 FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 437 NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 438 439 Bibliography 440 ------------------------ 441 442 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 443 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 444 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 445 446 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 447 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 448 449 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 450 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 451 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 452 453 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 454 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 455 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 456 457 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 458 459 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 460 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 461 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 462 463 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 464 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 465 466 Andreas Klemm, Lars Kller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 467 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 468 469 BSD Release Announcements collection. 470 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 471 472 BSD Hypertext Man Pages 473 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 474 475 UNIX history graphing project 476 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 477 478 UNIX history 479 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 480 481 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 482 URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 483 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 484 485 486 Acknowledgments 487 --------------- 488 489 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 490 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 491 492 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 493 494 -- 495 Copyright (c) 1997-2004 Wolfram Schneider <wosch (a] FreeBSD.ORG> 496 URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 497 498 $FreeBSD: /repoman/r/ncvs/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.98 2005/11/03 08:06:06 maxim Exp $ 499
Indexes created Wed Nov 05 01:09:58 GMT 2025