bsd-family-tree revision 1.9
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2 --------------------------------------------- 3 4 First Edition (V1) 5 | 6 Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8 Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10 Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12 Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18 Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49 Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | | | | 67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | \ .--- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | \ | | | | | 81 | | FreeBSD 3.0 | | | | 82 | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | 86 | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | \ | 88 | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | \ | | 92 | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | 94 | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | 96 | | | | 97 | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | 99 | \ | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | 101 | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | 105 | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | 108 | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | 112 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | v | | | | 114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | 115 | | | | | 116 | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 117 FreeBSD 3.0 | v | | 118 | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 119 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | 120 | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 121 | FreeBSD 3.2 NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 122 | | | | | | 123 | FreeBSD 3.3 | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 124 | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 125 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | 126 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 127 FreeBSD 4.0 | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 128 | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | 130 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 131 | | | | | | 132 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | 133 | | | | | 134 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | 135 | | | | | | 136 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | | | 137 | | | v | | 138 | FreeBSD 4.2 | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 139 | | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 140 | | NetBSD 1.5 | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | v 142 | | | v OpenBSD 2.9 143 | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | 144 | v | | 145 | | | 146 FreeBSD 5.0-current NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 147 | | | 148 v v v 149 150 151 Time 152 ---------------- 153 154 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 155 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 156 157 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 158 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 159 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 160 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 161 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 162 [U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 163 [USE] Usenet announcement. 164 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 165 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 166 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 167 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 168 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 169 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 170 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 171 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 172 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 173 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 174 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 175 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 176 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 177 178 Multics 1965 179 UNIX Summer 1969 180 DEC PDP-7 181 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 182 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 183 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 184 10 UNIX installations 185 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 186 Pipes, 16 installations 187 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 188 rewriting in C effected, 189 above 30 installations 190 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 191 above 50 installations 192 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 193 port to DEC Vax 194 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 195 first portable UNIX 196 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 197 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 198 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 199 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 200 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 201 and networking part by the streams mechanism 202 203 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 204 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 205 206 1BSD late 1977 207 1978-03-09 [QCU] 208 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 209 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 210 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 211 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 212 75 2BSD tapes shipped 213 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 214 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 215 216 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 217 set of performance improvements 218 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 219 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 220 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 221 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 222 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 223 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 224 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 225 226 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 227 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] 228 virtual memory, page replacement, 229 demand paging 230 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx 231 4.1BSD 1981-06-xx 232 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 233 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 234 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 235 4.1cBSD late 1982 236 beta release, IPC [44B] 237 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 238 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 239 1986-04-xx [KB] 240 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU] 241 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 242 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC] 243 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU] 244 245 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 246 first code released to people outside BSDI 247 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 248 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 249 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 250 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 251 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 252 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 253 first external gamma; G customers 254 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 255 would have been 1.0 except for request 256 for preliminary injunction 257 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 258 injunction denied; first official release 259 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 260 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 261 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 262 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 263 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 264 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 265 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 266 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 267 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 268 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 269 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 270 FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 271 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 272 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 273 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 274 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 275 the true final distribution from the CSRG 276 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 277 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 278 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 279 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 280 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 281 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 282 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 283 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 284 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 285 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 286 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 287 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 288 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 289 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 290 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 291 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 292 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 293 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 294 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 295 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 296 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 297 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 298 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 299 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 300 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 301 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 302 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 303 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 304 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 305 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 306 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 307 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 308 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 309 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 310 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 311 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 312 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 313 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 314 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 315 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 316 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 317 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 318 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 319 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 320 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 321 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 322 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 323 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 324 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 325 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 326 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 327 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 328 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 329 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 330 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 331 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 332 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 333 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 334 335 336 Bibliography 337 ------------------------ 338 339 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 340 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 341 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 342 343 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 344 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 345 346 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 347 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 348 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 349 350 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 351 352 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 353 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 354 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 355 356 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 357 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable) 358 359 Andreas Klemm, Lars Kller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 360 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 361 362 BSD Release Announcements collection. 363 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 364 365 BSD Hypertext Man Pages 366 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 367 368 UNIX history graphing project 369 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 370 371 UNIX history 372 URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 373 374 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 375 URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 376 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 377 378 379 Acknowledgments 380 --------------- 381 382 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 383 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 384 385 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 386 387 -- 388 Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch (a] FreeBSD.ORG> 389 URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 390 391 $FreeBSD: /c/ncvs/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.49 2001/07/11 23:57:16 itojun Exp $ 392 393 $NetBSD: bsd-family-tree,v 1.9 2001/07/12 00:01:15 itojun Exp $ 394
Indexes created Wed Nov 05 01:09:58 GMT 2025