1 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 2 1.1 cherry # Thelp DDisplay command help 3 1.1 cherry 4 1.1 cherry help [topic [subtopic]] 5 1.1 cherry help index 6 1.1 cherry 7 1.1 cherry The help command displays help on commands and their usage. 8 1.1 cherry 9 1.1 cherry In command help, a term enclosed with <...> indicates a value as 10 1.1 cherry described by the term. A term enclosed with [...] is optional, 11 1.1 cherry and may not be required by all forms of the command. 12 1.1 cherry 13 1.1 cherry Some commands may not be available. Use the '?' command to list 14 1.1 cherry most available commands. 15 1.1 cherry 16 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 17 1.1 cherry # T? DList available commands 18 1.1 cherry 19 1.1 cherry ? 20 1.1 cherry 21 1.1 cherry Lists all available commands. 22 1.1 cherry 23 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 24 1.1 cherry # Tautoboot DBoot after a delay 25 1.1 cherry 26 1.1 cherry autoboot [<delay> [<prompt>]] 27 1.1 cherry 28 1.1 cherry Displays <prompt> or a default prompt, and counts down <delay> seconds 29 1.1 cherry before attempting to boot. If <delay> is not specified, the default 30 1.1 cherry value is 10. 31 1.1 cherry 32 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 33 1.1 cherry # Tboot DBoot immediately 34 1.1 cherry 35 1.1 cherry boot [<kernelname>] [-<arg> ...] 36 1.1 cherry 37 1.1 cherry Boot the system. If arguments are specified, they are added to the 38 1.1 cherry arguments for the kernel. If <kernelname> is specified, and a kernel 39 1.1 cherry has not already been loaded, it will be booted instead of the default 40 1.1 cherry kernel. 41 1.1 cherry 42 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 43 1.1 cherry # Tbcachestat DGet disk block cache stats 44 1.1 cherry 45 1.1 cherry bcachestat 46 1.1 cherry 47 1.1 cherry Displays statistics about disk cache usage. For depuration only. 48 1.1 cherry 49 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 50 1.1 cherry # Techo DEcho arguments 51 1.1 cherry 52 1.1 cherry echo [-n] [<message>] 53 1.1 cherry 54 1.1 cherry Emits <message>, with no trailing newline if -n is specified. This is 55 1.1 cherry most useful in conjunction with scripts and the '@' line prefix. 56 1.1 cherry 57 1.1 cherry Variables are substituted by prefixing them with $, eg. 58 1.1 cherry 59 1.1 cherry echo Current device is $currdev 60 1.1 cherry 61 1.1 cherry will print the current device. 62 1.1 cherry 63 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 64 1.1 cherry # Tload DLoad a kernel or module 65 1.1 cherry 66 1.1 cherry load [-t <type>] <filename> 67 1.1 cherry 68 1.1 cherry Loads the module contained in <filename> into memory. If no other 69 1.1 cherry modules are loaded, <filename> must be a kernel or the command will 70 1.1 cherry fail. 71 1.1 cherry 72 1.1 cherry If -t is specified, the module is loaded as raw data of <type>, for 73 1.1 cherry later use by the kernel or other modules. <type> may be any string. 74 1.1 cherry 75 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 76 1.1 cherry # Tls DList files 77 1.1 cherry 78 1.1 cherry ls [-l] [<path>] 79 1.1 cherry 80 1.1 cherry Displays a listing of files in the directory <path>, or the root 81 1.1 cherry directory of the current device if <path> is not specified. 82 1.1 cherry 83 1.1 cherry The -l argument displays file sizes as well; the process of obtaining 84 1.1 cherry file sizes on some media may be very slow. 85 1.1 cherry 86 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 87 1.1 cherry # Tlsdev DList devices 88 1.1 cherry 89 1.1 cherry lsdev [-v] 90 1.1 cherry 91 1.1 cherry List all of the devices from which it may be possible to load modules. 92 1.1 cherry If -v is specified, print more details. 93 1.1 cherry 94 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 95 1.1 cherry # Tlsmod DList modules 96 1.1 cherry 97 1.1 cherry lsmod [-v] 98 1.1 cherry 99 1.1 cherry List loaded modules. If [-v] is specified, print more details. 100 1.1 cherry 101 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 102 1.1 cherry # Tmore DPage files 103 1.1 cherry 104 1.1 cherry more <filename> [<filename> ...] 105 1.1 cherry 106 1.1 cherry Show contents of text files. When displaying the contents of more, 107 1.1 cherry than one file, if the user elects to quit displaying a file, the 108 1.1 cherry remaining files will not be shown. 109 1.1 cherry 110 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 111 1.1 cherry # Tpnpscan DScan for PnP devices 112 1.1 cherry 113 1.1 cherry pnpscan [-v] 114 1.1 cherry 115 1.1 cherry Scan for Plug-and-Play devices. This command is normally automatically 116 1.1 cherry run as part of the boot process, in order to dynamically load modules 117 1.1 cherry required for system operation. 118 1.1 cherry 119 1.1 cherry If the -v argument is specified, details on the devices found will 120 1.1 cherry be printed. 121 1.1 cherry 122 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 123 1.1 cherry # Tset DSet a variable 124 1.1 cherry 125 1.1 cherry set <variable name> 126 1.1 cherry set <variable name>=<value> 127 1.1 cherry 128 1.1 cherry The set command is used to set variables. 129 1.1 cherry 130 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 131 1.1 cherry # Tset Sautoboot_delay DSet the default autoboot delay 132 1.1 cherry 133 1.1 cherry set autoboot_delay=<value> 134 1.1 cherry 135 1.1 cherry Sets the default delay for the autoboot command to <value> seconds. 136 1.1 cherry 137 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 138 1.1 cherry # Tset Sbootfile DSet the default boot file set 139 1.1 cherry 140 1.1 cherry set bootfile=<filename>[;<filename>...] 141 1.1 cherry 142 1.1 cherry Sets the default set of kernel boot filename(s). It may be overridden 143 1.1 cherry by setting the bootfile variable to a semicolon-separated list of 144 1.1 cherry filenames, each of which will be searched for in the module_path 145 1.1 cherry directories. The default bootfile set is "kernel". 146 1.1 cherry 147 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 148 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_askname DPrompt for root device 149 1.1 cherry 150 1.1 cherry set boot_askname 151 1.1 cherry 152 1.1 cherry Instructs the kernel to prompt the user for the name of the root device 153 1.1 cherry when the kernel is booted. 154 1.1 cherry 155 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 156 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_cdrom DMount root file system from CD-ROM 157 1.1 cherry 158 1.1 cherry set boot_cdrom 159 1.1 cherry 160 1.1 cherry Instructs the kernel to try to mount the root file system from CD-ROM. 161 1.1 cherry 162 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 163 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_ddb DDrop to the kernel debugger (DDB) 164 1.1 cherry 165 1.1 cherry set boot_ddb 166 1.1 cherry 167 1.1 cherry Instructs the kernel to start in the DDB debugger, rather than 168 1.1 cherry proceeding to initialize when booted. 169 1.1 cherry 170 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 171 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_gdb DSelect gdb-remote mode for the kernel debugger 172 1.1 cherry 173 1.1 cherry set boot_gdb 174 1.1 cherry 175 1.1 cherry Selects gdb-remote mode for the kernel debugger by default. 176 1.1 cherry 177 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 178 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_multicons DUse multiple consoles 179 1.1 cherry 180 1.1 cherry set boot_multicons 181 1.1 cherry 182 1.1 cherry Enables multiple console support in the kernel early on boot. 183 1.1 cherry In a running system, console configuration can be manipulated 184 1.1 cherry by the conscontrol(8) utility. 185 1.1 cherry 186 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 187 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_serial DUse serial console 188 1.1 cherry 189 1.1 cherry set boot_serial 190 1.1 cherry 191 1.1 cherry Force the use of a serial console even when an internal console 192 1.1 cherry is present. 193 1.1 cherry 194 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 195 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_single DStart system in single-user mode 196 1.1 cherry 197 1.1 cherry set boot_single 198 1.1 cherry 199 1.1 cherry Prevents the kernel from initiating a multi-user startup; instead, 200 1.1 cherry a single-user mode will be entered when the kernel has finished 201 1.1 cherry device probes. 202 1.1 cherry 203 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 204 1.1 cherry # Tset Sboot_verbose DVerbose boot messages 205 1.1 cherry 206 1.1 cherry set boot_verbose 207 1.1 cherry 208 1.1 cherry Setting this variable causes extra debugging information to be printed 209 1.1 cherry by the kernel during the boot phase. 210 1.1 cherry 211 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 212 1.1 cherry # Tset Sconsole DSet the current console 213 1.1 cherry 214 1.1 cherry set console[=<value>] 215 1.1 cherry 216 1.1 cherry Sets the current console. If <value> is omitted, a list of valid 217 1.1 cherry consoles will be displayed. 218 1.1 cherry 219 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 220 1.1 cherry # Tset Scurrdev DSet the current device 221 1.1 cherry 222 1.1 cherry set currdev=<device> 223 1.1 cherry 224 1.1 cherry Selects the default device. Syntax for devices is odd. 225 1.1 cherry 226 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 227 1.1 cherry # Tset Sinit_path DSet the list of init candidates 228 1.1 cherry 229 1.1 cherry set init_path=<path>[:<path>...] 230 1.1 cherry 231 1.1 cherry Sets the list of binaries which the kernel will try to run as initial 232 1.1 cherry process. 233 1.1 cherry 234 1.1 cherry 235 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 236 1.1 cherry # Tset Smodule_path DSet the module search path 237 1.1 cherry 238 1.1 cherry set module_path=<path>[;<path>...] 239 1.1 cherry 240 1.1 cherry Sets the list of directories which will be searched in for modules 241 1.1 cherry named in a load command or implicitly required by a dependency. The 242 1.1 cherry default module_path is "/boot/modules" with the kernel directory 243 1.1 cherry prepended. 244 1.1 cherry 245 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 246 1.1 cherry # Tset Sprompt DSet the command prompt 247 1.1 cherry 248 1.1 cherry set prompt=<value> 249 1.1 cherry 250 1.1 cherry The command prompt is displayed when the loader is waiting for input. 251 1.1 cherry Variable substitution is performed on the prompt. The default 252 1.1 cherry prompt can be set with: 253 1.1 cherry 254 1.1 cherry set prompt=\${interpret} 255 1.1 cherry 256 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 257 1.1 cherry # Tset Srootdev DSet the root filesystem 258 1.1 cherry 259 1.1 cherry set rootdev=<path> 260 1.1 cherry 261 1.1 cherry By default the value of $currdev is used to set the root filesystem 262 1.1 cherry when the kernel is booted. This can be overridden by setting 263 1.1 cherry $rootdev explicitly. 264 1.1 cherry 265 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 266 1.1 cherry # Tset Stunables DSet kernel tunable values 267 1.1 cherry 268 1.1 cherry Various kernel tunable parameters can be overridden by specifying new 269 1.1 cherry values in the environment. 270 1.1 cherry 271 1.2 joerg set kern.ipc.nmbclusters=<value> 272 1.1 cherry 273 1.1 cherry Set the number of mbuf clusters to be allocated. The value 274 1.1 cherry cannot be set below the default determined when the kernel 275 1.1 cherry was compiled. 276 1.1 cherry 277 1.1 cherry set kern.ipc.nsfbufs=<value> NSFBUFS 278 1.1 cherry 279 1.1 cherry Set the number of sendfile buffers to be allocated. This 280 1.1 cherry overrides the value determined when the kernel was compiled. 281 1.1 cherry 282 1.1 cherry set vm.kmem_size=<value> VM_KMEM_SIZE 283 1.1 cherry 284 1.1 cherry Sets the size of kernel memory (bytes). This overrides 285 1.1 cherry the value determined when the kernel was compiled. 286 1.1 cherry 287 1.1 cherry set machdep.disable_mtrrs=1 288 1.1 cherry 289 1.1 cherry Disable the use of i686 MTRRs (i386 only) 290 1.1 cherry 291 1.1 cherry set net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize=<value> TCBHASHSIZE 292 1.1 cherry 293 1.1 cherry Overrides the compile-time set value of TCBHASHSIZE or 294 1.1 cherry the preset default of 512. Must be a power of 2. 295 1.1 cherry 296 1.1 cherry hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=<value> 297 1.1 cherry 298 1.1 cherry Disable VT switching on suspend. 299 1.1 cherry 300 1.1 cherry value is 0 (default) or non-zero to enable. 301 1.1 cherry 302 1.1 cherry set hw.physmem=<value> MAXMEM (i386 only) 303 1.1 cherry 304 1.1 cherry Limits the amount of physical memory space available to 305 1.1 cherry the system to <value> bytes. <value> may have a k, M or G 306 1.1 cherry suffix to indicate kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes 307 1.1 cherry respectively. Note that the current i386 architecture 308 1.1 cherry limits this value to 4GB. 309 1.1 cherry 310 1.1 cherry On systems where memory cannot be accurately probed, 311 1.1 cherry this option provides a hint as to the actual size of 312 1.1 cherry system memory (which will be tested before use). 313 1.1 cherry 314 1.1 cherry set hw.{acpi,pci}.host_start_mem=<value> 315 1.1 cherry 316 1.1 cherry Sets the lowest address that the pci code will assign 317 1.1 cherry when it doesn't have other information about the address 318 1.1 cherry to assign (like from a pci bridge). This is only useful 319 1.1 cherry in older systems without a pci bridge. Also, it only 320 1.1 cherry impacts devices that the BIOS doesn't assign to, typically 321 1.1 cherry CardBus bridges. The default <value> is 0x80000000, but 322 1.1 cherry some systems need values like 0xf0000000, 0xfc000000 or 323 1.1 cherry 0xfe000000 may be suitable for older systems (the older 324 1.1 cherry the system, the higher the number typically should be). 325 1.1 cherry 326 1.1 cherry set hw.pci.enable_io_modes=<value> 327 1.1 cherry 328 1.1 cherry Enable PCI resources which are left off by some BIOSes 329 1.1 cherry or are not enabled correctly by the device driver. 330 1.1 cherry 331 1.1 cherry value is 1 (default), but this may cause problems with 332 1.1 cherry some peripherals. Set to 0 to disable. 333 1.1 cherry 334 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 335 1.1 cherry # Tshow DShow the values of variables 336 1.1 cherry 337 1.1 cherry show [<variable>] 338 1.1 cherry 339 1.1 cherry Displays the value of <variable>, or all variables if not specified. 340 1.1 cherry Multiple paths can be separated with a semicolon. 341 1.1 cherry 342 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 343 1.1 cherry # Tinclude DRead commands from a script file 344 1.1 cherry 345 1.1 cherry include <filename> [<filename> ...] 346 1.1 cherry 347 1.1 cherry The entire contents of <filename> are read into memory before executing 348 1.1 cherry commands, so it is safe to source a file from removable media. 349 1.1 cherry 350 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 351 1.1 cherry # Tread DRead input from the terminal 352 1.1 cherry 353 1.1 cherry read [-t <value>] [-p <prompt>] [<variable name>] 354 1.1 cherry 355 1.1 cherry The read command reads a line of input from the terminal. If the 356 1.1 cherry -t argument is specified, it will return nothing if no input has been 357 1.1 cherry received after <value> seconds. (Any keypress will cancel the 358 1.1 cherry timeout). 359 1.1 cherry 360 1.1 cherry If -p is specified, <prompt> is printed before reading input. No 361 1.1 cherry newline is emitted after the prompt. 362 1.1 cherry 363 1.1 cherry If a variable name is supplied, the variable is set to the value read, 364 1.1 cherry less any terminating newline. 365 1.1 cherry 366 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 367 1.1 cherry # Tunload DRemove all modules from memory 368 1.1 cherry 369 1.1 cherry unload 370 1.1 cherry 371 1.1 cherry This command removes any kernel and all loaded modules from memory. 372 1.1 cherry 373 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 374 1.1 cherry # Tunset DUnset a variable 375 1.1 cherry 376 1.1 cherry unset <variable name> 377 1.1 cherry 378 1.1 cherry If allowed, the named variable's value is discarded and the variable 379 1.1 cherry is removed. 380 1.1 cherry 381 1.1 cherry ################################################################################ 382