1 ################################################################################ 2 # Thelp DDisplay command help 3 4 help [topic [subtopic]] 5 help index 6 7 The help command displays help on commands and their usage. 8 9 In command help, a term enclosed with <...> indicates a value as 10 described by the term. A term enclosed with [...] is optional, 11 and may not be required by all forms of the command. 12 13 Some commands may not be available. Use the '?' command to list 14 most available commands. 15 16 ################################################################################ 17 # T? DList available commands 18 19 ? 20 21 Lists all available commands. 22 23 ################################################################################ 24 # Tautoboot DBoot after a delay 25 26 autoboot [<delay> [<prompt>]] 27 28 Displays <prompt> or a default prompt, and counts down <delay> seconds 29 before attempting to boot. If <delay> is not specified, the default 30 value is 10. 31 32 ################################################################################ 33 # Tboot DBoot immediately 34 35 boot [<kernelname>] [-<arg> ...] 36 37 Boot the system. If arguments are specified, they are added to the 38 arguments for the kernel. If <kernelname> is specified, and a kernel 39 has not already been loaded, it will be booted instead of the default 40 kernel. 41 42 ################################################################################ 43 # Tbcachestat DGet disk block cache stats 44 45 bcachestat 46 47 Displays statistics about disk cache usage. For depuration only. 48 49 ################################################################################ 50 # Techo DEcho arguments 51 52 echo [-n] [<message>] 53 54 Emits <message>, with no trailing newline if -n is specified. This is 55 most useful in conjunction with scripts and the '@' line prefix. 56 57 Variables are substituted by prefixing them with $, eg. 58 59 echo Current device is $currdev 60 61 will print the current device. 62 63 ################################################################################ 64 # Tload DLoad a kernel or module 65 66 load [-t <type>] <filename> 67 68 Loads the module contained in <filename> into memory. If no other 69 modules are loaded, <filename> must be a kernel or the command will 70 fail. 71 72 If -t is specified, the module is loaded as raw data of <type>, for 73 later use by the kernel or other modules. <type> may be any string. 74 75 ################################################################################ 76 # Tls DList files 77 78 ls [-l] [<path>] 79 80 Displays a listing of files in the directory <path>, or the root 81 directory of the current device if <path> is not specified. 82 83 The -l argument displays file sizes as well; the process of obtaining 84 file sizes on some media may be very slow. 85 86 ################################################################################ 87 # Tlsdev DList devices 88 89 lsdev [-v] 90 91 List all of the devices from which it may be possible to load modules. 92 If -v is specified, print more details. 93 94 ################################################################################ 95 # Tlsmod DList modules 96 97 lsmod [-v] 98 99 List loaded modules. If [-v] is specified, print more details. 100 101 ################################################################################ 102 # Tmore DPage files 103 104 more <filename> [<filename> ...] 105 106 Show contents of text files. When displaying the contents of more, 107 than one file, if the user elects to quit displaying a file, the 108 remaining files will not be shown. 109 110 ################################################################################ 111 # Tpnpscan DScan for PnP devices 112 113 pnpscan [-v] 114 115 Scan for Plug-and-Play devices. This command is normally automatically 116 run as part of the boot process, in order to dynamically load modules 117 required for system operation. 118 119 If the -v argument is specified, details on the devices found will 120 be printed. 121 122 ################################################################################ 123 # Tset DSet a variable 124 125 set <variable name> 126 set <variable name>=<value> 127 128 The set command is used to set variables. 129 130 ################################################################################ 131 # Tset Sautoboot_delay DSet the default autoboot delay 132 133 set autoboot_delay=<value> 134 135 Sets the default delay for the autoboot command to <value> seconds. 136 137 ################################################################################ 138 # Tset Sbootfile DSet the default boot file set 139 140 set bootfile=<filename>[;<filename>...] 141 142 Sets the default set of kernel boot filename(s). It may be overridden 143 by setting the bootfile variable to a semicolon-separated list of 144 filenames, each of which will be searched for in the module_path 145 directories. The default bootfile set is "kernel". 146 147 ################################################################################ 148 # Tset Sboot_askname DPrompt for root device 149 150 set boot_askname 151 152 Instructs the kernel to prompt the user for the name of the root device 153 when the kernel is booted. 154 155 ################################################################################ 156 # Tset Sboot_cdrom DMount root file system from CD-ROM 157 158 set boot_cdrom 159 160 Instructs the kernel to try to mount the root file system from CD-ROM. 161 162 ################################################################################ 163 # Tset Sboot_ddb DDrop to the kernel debugger (DDB) 164 165 set boot_ddb 166 167 Instructs the kernel to start in the DDB debugger, rather than 168 proceeding to initialize when booted. 169 170 ################################################################################ 171 # Tset Sboot_gdb DSelect gdb-remote mode for the kernel debugger 172 173 set boot_gdb 174 175 Selects gdb-remote mode for the kernel debugger by default. 176 177 ################################################################################ 178 # Tset Sboot_multicons DUse multiple consoles 179 180 set boot_multicons 181 182 Enables multiple console support in the kernel early on boot. 183 In a running system, console configuration can be manipulated 184 by the conscontrol(8) utility. 185 186 ################################################################################ 187 # Tset Sboot_serial DUse serial console 188 189 set boot_serial 190 191 Force the use of a serial console even when an internal console 192 is present. 193 194 ################################################################################ 195 # Tset Sboot_single DStart system in single-user mode 196 197 set boot_single 198 199 Prevents the kernel from initiating a multi-user startup; instead, 200 a single-user mode will be entered when the kernel has finished 201 device probes. 202 203 ################################################################################ 204 # Tset Sboot_verbose DVerbose boot messages 205 206 set boot_verbose 207 208 Setting this variable causes extra debugging information to be printed 209 by the kernel during the boot phase. 210 211 ################################################################################ 212 # Tset Sconsole DSet the current console 213 214 set console[=<value>] 215 216 Sets the current console. If <value> is omitted, a list of valid 217 consoles will be displayed. 218 219 ################################################################################ 220 # Tset Scurrdev DSet the current device 221 222 set currdev=<device> 223 224 Selects the default device. Syntax for devices is odd. 225 226 ################################################################################ 227 # Tset Sinit_path DSet the list of init candidates 228 229 set init_path=<path>[:<path>...] 230 231 Sets the list of binaries which the kernel will try to run as initial 232 process. 233 234 235 ################################################################################ 236 # Tset Smodule_path DSet the module search path 237 238 set module_path=<path>[;<path>...] 239 240 Sets the list of directories which will be searched in for modules 241 named in a load command or implicitly required by a dependency. The 242 default module_path is "/boot/modules" with the kernel directory 243 prepended. 244 245 ################################################################################ 246 # Tset Sprompt DSet the command prompt 247 248 set prompt=<value> 249 250 The command prompt is displayed when the loader is waiting for input. 251 Variable substitution is performed on the prompt. The default 252 prompt can be set with: 253 254 set prompt=\${interpret} 255 256 ################################################################################ 257 # Tset Srootdev DSet the root filesystem 258 259 set rootdev=<path> 260 261 By default the value of $currdev is used to set the root filesystem 262 when the kernel is booted. This can be overridden by setting 263 $rootdev explicitly. 264 265 ################################################################################ 266 # Tset Stunables DSet kernel tunable values 267 268 Various kernel tunable parameters can be overridden by specifying new 269 values in the environment. 270 271 set kern.ipc.nmbclusters=<value> 272 273 Set the number of mbuf clusters to be allocated. The value 274 cannot be set below the default determined when the kernel 275 was compiled. 276 277 set kern.ipc.nsfbufs=<value> NSFBUFS 278 279 Set the number of sendfile buffers to be allocated. This 280 overrides the value determined when the kernel was compiled. 281 282 set vm.kmem_size=<value> VM_KMEM_SIZE 283 284 Sets the size of kernel memory (bytes). This overrides 285 the value determined when the kernel was compiled. 286 287 set machdep.disable_mtrrs=1 288 289 Disable the use of i686 MTRRs (i386 only) 290 291 set net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize=<value> TCBHASHSIZE 292 293 Overrides the compile-time set value of TCBHASHSIZE or 294 the preset default of 512. Must be a power of 2. 295 296 hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=<value> 297 298 Disable VT switching on suspend. 299 300 value is 0 (default) or non-zero to enable. 301 302 set hw.physmem=<value> MAXMEM (i386 only) 303 304 Limits the amount of physical memory space available to 305 the system to <value> bytes. <value> may have a k, M or G 306 suffix to indicate kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes 307 respectively. Note that the current i386 architecture 308 limits this value to 4GB. 309 310 On systems where memory cannot be accurately probed, 311 this option provides a hint as to the actual size of 312 system memory (which will be tested before use). 313 314 set hw.{acpi,pci}.host_start_mem=<value> 315 316 Sets the lowest address that the pci code will assign 317 when it doesn't have other information about the address 318 to assign (like from a pci bridge). This is only useful 319 in older systems without a pci bridge. Also, it only 320 impacts devices that the BIOS doesn't assign to, typically 321 CardBus bridges. The default <value> is 0x80000000, but 322 some systems need values like 0xf0000000, 0xfc000000 or 323 0xfe000000 may be suitable for older systems (the older 324 the system, the higher the number typically should be). 325 326 set hw.pci.enable_io_modes=<value> 327 328 Enable PCI resources which are left off by some BIOSes 329 or are not enabled correctly by the device driver. 330 331 value is 1 (default), but this may cause problems with 332 some peripherals. Set to 0 to disable. 333 334 ################################################################################ 335 # Tshow DShow the values of variables 336 337 show [<variable>] 338 339 Displays the value of <variable>, or all variables if not specified. 340 Multiple paths can be separated with a semicolon. 341 342 ################################################################################ 343 # Tinclude DRead commands from a script file 344 345 include <filename> [<filename> ...] 346 347 The entire contents of <filename> are read into memory before executing 348 commands, so it is safe to source a file from removable media. 349 350 ################################################################################ 351 # Tread DRead input from the terminal 352 353 read [-t <value>] [-p <prompt>] [<variable name>] 354 355 The read command reads a line of input from the terminal. If the 356 -t argument is specified, it will return nothing if no input has been 357 received after <value> seconds. (Any keypress will cancel the 358 timeout). 359 360 If -p is specified, <prompt> is printed before reading input. No 361 newline is emitted after the prompt. 362 363 If a variable name is supplied, the variable is set to the value read, 364 less any terminating newline. 365 366 ################################################################################ 367 # Tunload DRemove all modules from memory 368 369 unload 370 371 This command removes any kernel and all loaded modules from memory. 372 373 ################################################################################ 374 # Tunset DUnset a variable 375 376 unset <variable name> 377 378 If allowed, the named variable's value is discarded and the variable 379 is removed. 380 381 ################################################################################ 382
Indexes created Sat Sep 20 22:09:52 GMT 2025