init_main.c revision 1.260
1 /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.260 2005/12/11 12:24:29 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 7 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 8 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 9 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 10 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 11 * 12 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 13 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 14 * are met: 15 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 17 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 19 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 20 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 * 36 * @(#)init_main.c 8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95 37 */ 38 39 /* 40 * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. 41 * 42 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 43 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 44 * are met: 45 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 46 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 47 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 48 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 49 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 50 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 51 * must display the following acknowledgement: 52 * This product includes software developed by the University of 53 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 54 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 55 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 56 * without specific prior written permission. 57 * 58 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 59 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 60 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 61 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 62 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 63 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 64 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 65 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 66 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 67 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 68 * SUCH DAMAGE. 69 * 70 * @(#)init_main.c 8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95 71 */ 72 73 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 74 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.260 2005/12/11 12:24:29 christos Exp $"); 75 76 #include "opt_ipsec.h" 77 #include "opt_sysv.h" 78 #include "opt_maxuprc.h" 79 #include "opt_multiprocessor.h" 80 #include "opt_pipe.h" 81 #include "opt_syscall_debug.h" 82 #include "opt_systrace.h" 83 #include "opt_posix.h" 84 #include "opt_kcont.h" 85 #include "opt_rootfs_magiclinks.h" 86 #include "opt_verified_exec.h" 87 88 #include "rnd.h" 89 90 #include <sys/param.h> 91 #include <sys/acct.h> 92 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 93 #include <sys/file.h> 94 #include <sys/errno.h> 95 #include <sys/callout.h> 96 #include <sys/kernel.h> 97 #include <sys/kcont.h> 98 #include <sys/mount.h> 99 #include <sys/proc.h> 100 #include <sys/kthread.h> 101 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 102 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 103 #include <sys/systm.h> 104 #include <sys/vnode.h> 105 #include <sys/tty.h> 106 #include <sys/conf.h> 107 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 108 #include <sys/buf.h> 109 #include <sys/device.h> 110 #include <sys/exec.h> 111 #include <sys/socketvar.h> 112 #include <sys/protosw.h> 113 #include <sys/reboot.h> 114 #include <sys/user.h> 115 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 116 #include <sys/event.h> 117 #include <sys/mbuf.h> 118 #ifdef FAST_IPSEC 119 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h> 120 #endif 121 #ifdef SYSVSHM 122 #include <sys/shm.h> 123 #endif 124 #ifdef SYSVSEM 125 #include <sys/sem.h> 126 #endif 127 #ifdef SYSVMSG 128 #include <sys/msg.h> 129 #endif 130 #ifdef P1003_1B_SEMAPHORE 131 #include <sys/ksem.h> 132 #endif 133 #ifdef SYSTRACE 134 #include <sys/systrace.h> 135 #endif 136 #include <sys/domain.h> 137 #include <sys/namei.h> 138 #if NRND > 0 139 #include <sys/rnd.h> 140 #endif 141 #ifndef PIPE_SOCKETPAIR 142 #include <sys/pipe.h> 143 #endif 144 #ifdef LKM 145 #include <sys/lkm.h> 146 #endif 147 #ifdef VERIFIED_EXEC 148 #include <sys/verified_exec.h> 149 #endif 150 #include <net80211/ieee80211_netbsd.h> 151 152 #include <sys/syscall.h> 153 #include <sys/sa.h> 154 #include <sys/syscallargs.h> 155 156 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h> 157 158 #include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h> 159 #include <miscfs/syncfs/syncfs.h> 160 161 #include <machine/cpu.h> 162 163 #include <uvm/uvm.h> 164 165 #include <dev/cons.h> 166 167 #include <net/if.h> 168 #include <net/raw_cb.h> 169 170 extern struct proc proc0; 171 extern struct lwp lwp0; 172 extern struct cwdinfo cwdi0; 173 174 #ifndef curlwp 175 struct lwp *curlwp = &lwp0; 176 #endif 177 struct proc *initproc; 178 179 struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; 180 int boothowto; 181 int cold = 1; /* still working on startup */ 182 struct timeval boottime; 183 time_t rootfstime; /* recorded root fs time, if known */ 184 185 __volatile int start_init_exec; /* semaphore for start_init() */ 186 187 static void check_console(struct lwp *l); 188 static void start_init(void *); 189 void main(void); 190 191 /* 192 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 193 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 194 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 195 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 196 */ 197 void 198 main(void) 199 { 200 struct lwp *l; 201 struct proc *p; 202 struct pdevinit *pdev; 203 int s, error; 204 extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; 205 extern void schedcpu(void *); 206 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT 207 int usevnodes; 208 #endif 209 210 /* 211 * Initialize the current LWP pointer (curlwp) before 212 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 213 */ 214 l = &lwp0; 215 curlwp = l; 216 l->l_cpu = curcpu(); 217 l->l_proc = &proc0; 218 l->l_lid = 1; 219 220 /* 221 * Attempt to find console and initialize 222 * in case of early panic or other messages. 223 */ 224 consinit(); 225 226 KERNEL_LOCK_INIT(); 227 228 uvm_init(); 229 230 /* Do machine-dependent initialization. */ 231 cpu_startup(); 232 233 /* Initialize callouts. */ 234 callout_startup(); 235 236 /* Initialize the buffer cache */ 237 bufinit(); 238 239 /* 240 * Initialize mbuf's. Do this now because we might attempt to 241 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration. 242 */ 243 mbinit(); 244 245 /* Initialize sockets. */ 246 soinit(); 247 248 #ifdef KCONT 249 /* Initialize kcont. */ 250 kcont_init(); 251 #endif 252 253 /* 254 * The following things must be done before autoconfiguration. 255 */ 256 evcnt_init(); /* initialize event counters */ 257 #if NRND > 0 258 rnd_init(); /* initialize RNG */ 259 #endif 260 /* Initialize the sysctl subsystem. */ 261 sysctl_init(); 262 263 /* Initialize process and pgrp structures. */ 264 procinit(); 265 266 /* Initialize signal-related data structures. */ 267 signal_init(); 268 269 /* Create process 0 (the swapper). */ 270 proc0_init(); 271 272 /* 273 * Charge root for one process. 274 */ 275 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 276 277 rqinit(); 278 279 /* Initialize the file systems. */ 280 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT 281 /* 282 * If maximum number of vnodes in namei vnode cache is not explicitly 283 * defined in kernel config, adjust the number such as we use roughly 284 * 1.0% of memory for vnode cache (but not less than NVNODE vnodes). 285 */ 286 usevnodes = (ptoa((unsigned)physmem) / 100) / sizeof(struct vnode); 287 if (usevnodes > desiredvnodes) 288 desiredvnodes = usevnodes; 289 #endif 290 vfsinit(); 291 292 /* Configure the system hardware. This will enable interrupts. */ 293 configure(); 294 295 ubc_init(); /* must be after autoconfig */ 296 297 /* Lock the kernel on behalf of proc0. */ 298 KERNEL_PROC_LOCK(l); 299 300 #ifdef SYSVSHM 301 /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ 302 shminit(); 303 #endif 304 305 #ifdef SYSVSEM 306 /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ 307 seminit(); 308 #endif 309 310 #ifdef SYSVMSG 311 /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ 312 msginit(); 313 #endif 314 315 #ifdef P1003_1B_SEMAPHORE 316 /* Initialize posix semaphores */ 317 ksem_init(); 318 #endif 319 320 #ifdef VERIFIED_EXEC 321 /* 322 * Initialise the fingerprint operations vectors before 323 * fingerprints can be loaded. 324 */ 325 veriexec_init_fp_ops(); 326 #endif 327 328 /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ 329 for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) 330 (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); 331 332 #ifdef FAST_IPSEC 333 /* Attach network crypto subsystem */ 334 ipsec_attach(); 335 #endif 336 337 /* 338 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets 339 * until everything is ready. 340 */ 341 s = splnet(); 342 ifinit(); 343 domaininit(); 344 if_attachdomain(); 345 splx(s); 346 347 #ifdef GPROF 348 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ 349 kmstartup(); 350 #endif 351 352 /* Initialize system accouting. */ 353 acct_init(); 354 355 /* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */ 356 schedcpu(NULL); 357 358 /* 359 * Create process 1 (init(8)). We do this now, as Unix has 360 * historically had init be process 1, and changing this would 361 * probably upset a lot of people. 362 * 363 * Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will 364 * wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been 365 * mounted. 366 */ 367 if (fork1(l, 0, SIGCHLD, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, NULL, &initproc)) 368 panic("fork init"); 369 370 /* 371 * Create any kernel threads who's creation was deferred because 372 * initproc had not yet been created. 373 */ 374 kthread_run_deferred_queue(); 375 376 /* 377 * Now that device driver threads have been created, wait for 378 * them to finish any deferred autoconfiguration. Note we don't 379 * need to lock this semaphore, since we haven't booted any 380 * secondary processors, yet. 381 */ 382 while (config_pending) 383 (void) tsleep(&config_pending, PWAIT, "cfpend", 0); 384 385 /* 386 * Finalize configuration now that all real devices have been 387 * found. This needs to be done before the root device is 388 * selected, since finalization may create the root device. 389 */ 390 config_finalize(); 391 392 /* 393 * Now that autoconfiguration has completed, we can determine 394 * the root and dump devices. 395 */ 396 cpu_rootconf(); 397 cpu_dumpconf(); 398 399 /* Mount the root file system. */ 400 do { 401 domountroothook(); 402 if ((error = vfs_mountroot())) { 403 printf("cannot mount root, error = %d\n", error); 404 boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME; 405 setroot(root_device, 406 (rootdev != NODEV) ? DISKPART(rootdev) : 0); 407 } 408 } while (error != 0); 409 mountroothook_destroy(); 410 411 /* 412 * Initialise the time-of-day clock, passing the time recorded 413 * in the root filesystem (if any) for use by systems that 414 * don't have a non-volatile time-of-day device. 415 */ 416 inittodr(rootfstime); 417 418 CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS; 419 #ifdef ROOTFS_MAGICLINKS 420 CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_MAGICLINKS; 421 #endif 422 CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_op->vfs_refcount++; 423 424 /* 425 * Get the vnode for '/'. Set filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_cdir to 426 * reference it. 427 */ 428 error = VFS_ROOT(CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode); 429 if (error) 430 panic("cannot find root vnode, error=%d", error); 431 cwdi0.cwdi_cdir = rootvnode; 432 VREF(cwdi0.cwdi_cdir); 433 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0); 434 cwdi0.cwdi_rdir = NULL; 435 436 /* 437 * Now that root is mounted, we can fixup initproc's CWD 438 * info. All other processes are kthreads, which merely 439 * share proc0's CWD info. 440 */ 441 initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_cdir = rootvnode; 442 VREF(initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_cdir); 443 initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_rdir = NULL; 444 445 /* 446 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 447 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 448 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 449 */ 450 proclist_lock_read(); 451 s = splsched(); 452 LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) { 453 KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_MARKER) == 0); 454 p->p_stats->p_start = mono_time = boottime = time; 455 LIST_FOREACH(l, &p->p_lwps, l_sibling) { 456 if (l->l_cpu != NULL) 457 l->l_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime = time; 458 } 459 p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 460 } 461 splx(s); 462 proclist_unlock_read(); 463 464 /* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */ 465 uvm_swap_init(); 466 if (kthread_create1(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon")) 467 panic("fork pagedaemon"); 468 469 /* Create the filesystem syncer kernel thread. */ 470 if (kthread_create1(sched_sync, NULL, NULL, "ioflush")) 471 panic("fork syncer"); 472 473 /* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */ 474 if (kthread_create1(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, &uvm.aiodoned_proc, 475 "aiodoned")) 476 panic("fork aiodoned"); 477 478 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) 479 /* Boot the secondary processors. */ 480 cpu_boot_secondary_processors(); 481 #endif 482 483 /* Initialize exec structures */ 484 exec_init(1); 485 486 /* 487 * Okay, now we can let init(8) exec! It's off to userland! 488 */ 489 start_init_exec = 1; 490 wakeup(&start_init_exec); 491 492 /* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */ 493 uvm_scheduler(); 494 /* NOTREACHED */ 495 } 496 497 void 498 setrootfstime(time_t t) 499 { 500 501 rootfstime = t; 502 } 503 504 static void 505 check_console(struct lwp *l) 506 { 507 struct nameidata nd; 508 int error; 509 510 NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", l); 511 error = namei(&nd); 512 if (error == 0) 513 vrele(nd.ni_vp); 514 else if (error == ENOENT) 515 printf("warning: no /dev/console\n"); 516 else 517 printf("warning: lookup /dev/console: error %d\n", error); 518 } 519 520 /* 521 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 522 */ 523 static const char *initpaths[] = { 524 "/sbin/init", 525 "/sbin/oinit", 526 "/sbin/init.bak", 527 NULL, 528 }; 529 530 /* 531 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 532 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 533 */ 534 static void 535 start_init(void *arg) 536 { 537 struct lwp *l = arg; 538 struct proc *p = l->l_proc; 539 vaddr_t addr; 540 struct sys_execve_args /* { 541 syscallarg(const char *) path; 542 syscallarg(char * const *) argp; 543 syscallarg(char * const *) envp; 544 } */ args; 545 int options, i, error; 546 register_t retval[2]; 547 char flags[4], *flagsp; 548 const char *path, *slash; 549 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL; 550 char ipath[129]; 551 int ipx, len; 552 553 /* 554 * Now in process 1. 555 */ 556 strncpy(p->p_comm, "init", MAXCOMLEN); 557 558 /* 559 * Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec. 560 */ 561 while (start_init_exec == 0) 562 (void) tsleep(&start_init_exec, PWAIT, "initexec", 0); 563 564 /* 565 * This is not the right way to do this. We really should 566 * hand-craft a descriptor onto /dev/console to hand to init, 567 * but that's a _lot_ more work, and the benefit from this easy 568 * hack makes up for the "good is the enemy of the best" effect. 569 */ 570 check_console(l); 571 572 /* 573 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 574 */ 575 addr = (vaddr_t)STACK_ALLOC(USRSTACK, PAGE_SIZE); 576 if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 577 NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0, 578 UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY, 579 UVM_ADV_NORMAL, 580 UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW)) != 0) 581 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 582 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)STACK_MAX(addr, PAGE_SIZE); 583 584 ipx = 0; 585 while (1) { 586 if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME) { 587 printf("init path"); 588 if (initpaths[ipx]) 589 printf(" (default %s)", initpaths[ipx]); 590 printf(": "); 591 len = cngetsn(ipath, sizeof(ipath)-1); 592 if (len == 0) { 593 if (initpaths[ipx]) 594 path = initpaths[ipx++]; 595 else 596 continue; 597 } else { 598 ipath[len] = '\0'; 599 path = ipath; 600 } 601 } else { 602 if ((path = initpaths[ipx++]) == NULL) 603 break; 604 } 605 606 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 607 608 /* 609 * Construct the boot flag argument. 610 */ 611 flagsp = flags; 612 *flagsp++ = '-'; 613 options = 0; 614 615 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 616 *flagsp++ = 's'; 617 options = 1; 618 } 619 #ifdef notyet 620 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 621 *flagsp++ = 'f'; 622 options = 1; 623 } 624 #endif 625 626 /* 627 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. 628 */ 629 if (options != 0) { 630 *flagsp++ = '\0'; 631 i = flagsp - flags; 632 #ifdef DEBUG 633 printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i); 634 #endif 635 arg1 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i); 636 ucp = STACK_MAX(arg1, i); 637 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, arg1, i); 638 } 639 640 /* 641 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 642 */ 643 i = strlen(path) + 1; 644 #ifdef DEBUG 645 printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i); 646 #else 647 if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME || path != initpaths[0]) 648 printf("init: trying %s\n", path); 649 #endif 650 arg0 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i); 651 ucp = STACK_MAX(arg0, i); 652 (void)copyout(path, arg0, i); 653 654 /* 655 * Move out the arg pointers. 656 */ 657 ucp = (caddr_t)STACK_ALIGN(ucp, ALIGNBYTES); 658 uap = (char **)STACK_ALLOC(ucp, sizeof(char *) * 3); 659 SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; 660 SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; 661 SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; 662 slash = strrchr(path, '/'); 663 if (slash) 664 (void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, 665 (long)arg0 + (slash + 1 - path)); 666 else 667 (void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, (long)arg0); 668 if (options != 0) 669 (void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, (long)arg1); 670 (void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, 0); /* terminator */ 671 672 /* 673 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 674 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 675 */ 676 error = sys_execve(l, &args, retval); 677 if (error == 0 || error == EJUSTRETURN) { 678 KERNEL_PROC_UNLOCK(l); 679 return; 680 } 681 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 682 } 683 printf("init: not found\n"); 684 panic("no init"); 685 } 686
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