Home | History | Annotate | Line # | Download | only in kern
init_main.c revision 1.272
      1 /*	$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.272 2006/07/14 22:44:28 kardel Exp $	*/
      2 
      3 /*
      4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
      5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
      6  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
      7  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
      8  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
      9  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
     10  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
     11  *
     12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     14  * are met:
     15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     20  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     22  *    without specific prior written permission.
     23  *
     24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
     35  *
     36  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
     37  */
     38 
     39 /*
     40  * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou.  All rights reserved.
     41  *
     42  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     43  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     44  * are met:
     45  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     46  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     47  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     49  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     50  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
     51  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
     52  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
     53  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
     54  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     55  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     56  *    without specific prior written permission.
     57  *
     58  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     59  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     60  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     61  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     62  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     63  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     64  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     65  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     66  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     67  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     68  * SUCH DAMAGE.
     69  *
     70  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
     71  */
     72 
     73 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
     74 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.272 2006/07/14 22:44:28 kardel Exp $");
     75 
     76 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
     77 #include "opt_kcont.h"
     78 #include "opt_multiprocessor.h"
     79 #include "opt_ntp.h"
     80 #include "opt_pipe.h"
     81 #include "opt_posix.h"
     82 #include "opt_syscall_debug.h"
     83 #include "opt_sysv.h"
     84 #include "opt_verified_exec.h"
     85 #include "opt_fileassoc.h"
     86 
     87 #include "rnd.h"
     88 
     89 #include <sys/param.h>
     90 #include <sys/acct.h>
     91 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
     92 #include <sys/file.h>
     93 #include <sys/errno.h>
     94 #include <sys/callout.h>
     95 #include <sys/kernel.h>
     96 #include <sys/kcont.h>
     97 #include <sys/kmem.h>
     98 #include <sys/mount.h>
     99 #include <sys/proc.h>
    100 #include <sys/kthread.h>
    101 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
    102 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
    103 #include <sys/systm.h>
    104 #include <sys/vnode.h>
    105 #include <sys/tty.h>
    106 #include <sys/conf.h>
    107 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
    108 #include <sys/buf.h>
    109 #include <sys/device.h>
    110 #include <sys/exec.h>
    111 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
    112 #include <sys/protosw.h>
    113 #include <sys/reboot.h>
    114 #include <sys/user.h>
    115 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
    116 #include <sys/event.h>
    117 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
    118 #ifdef FAST_IPSEC
    119 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
    120 #endif
    121 #ifdef SYSVSHM
    122 #include <sys/shm.h>
    123 #endif
    124 #ifdef SYSVSEM
    125 #include <sys/sem.h>
    126 #endif
    127 #ifdef SYSVMSG
    128 #include <sys/msg.h>
    129 #endif
    130 #ifdef P1003_1B_SEMAPHORE
    131 #include <sys/ksem.h>
    132 #endif
    133 #include <sys/domain.h>
    134 #include <sys/namei.h>
    135 #if NRND > 0
    136 #include <sys/rnd.h>
    137 #endif
    138 #ifndef PIPE_SOCKETPAIR
    139 #include <sys/pipe.h>
    140 #endif
    141 #ifdef LKM
    142 #include <sys/lkm.h>
    143 #endif
    144 #ifdef VERIFIED_EXEC
    145 #include <sys/verified_exec.h>
    146 #endif
    147 #include <sys/kauth.h>
    148 #include <net80211/ieee80211_netbsd.h>
    149 
    150 #include <sys/syscall.h>
    151 #include <sys/sa.h>
    152 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
    153 
    154 #ifdef FILEASSOC
    155 #include <sys/fileassoc.h>
    156 #endif /* FILEASSOC */
    157 
    158 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
    159 
    160 #include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h>
    161 #include <miscfs/syncfs/syncfs.h>
    162 
    163 #include <machine/cpu.h>
    164 
    165 #include <uvm/uvm.h>
    166 
    167 #include <dev/cons.h>
    168 
    169 #include <net/if.h>
    170 #include <net/raw_cb.h>
    171 
    172 extern struct proc proc0;
    173 extern struct lwp lwp0;
    174 extern struct cwdinfo cwdi0;
    175 
    176 #ifndef curlwp
    177 struct	lwp *curlwp = &lwp0;
    178 #endif
    179 struct	proc *initproc;
    180 
    181 struct	vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp;
    182 int	boothowto;
    183 int	cold = 1;			/* still working on startup */
    184 struct timeval boottime;	        /* time at system startup - will only follow settime deltas */
    185 time_t	rootfstime;			/* recorded root fs time, if known */
    186 
    187 volatile int start_init_exec;		/* semaphore for start_init() */
    188 
    189 static void check_console(struct lwp *l);
    190 static void start_init(void *);
    191 void main(void);
    192 
    193 /*
    194  * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
    195  * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon.  Most of the
    196  * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
    197  * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
    198  */
    199 void
    200 main(void)
    201 {
    202 #ifdef __HAVE_TIMECOUNTER
    203 	struct timeval time;
    204 #endif
    205 	struct lwp *l;
    206 	struct proc *p;
    207 	struct pdevinit *pdev;
    208 	int s, error;
    209 	extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[];
    210 	extern void schedcpu(void *);
    211 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
    212 	int usevnodes;
    213 #endif
    214 
    215 	/*
    216 	 * Initialize the current LWP pointer (curlwp) before
    217 	 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing.
    218 	 */
    219 	l = &lwp0;
    220 	curlwp = l;
    221 	l->l_cpu = curcpu();
    222 	l->l_proc = &proc0;
    223 	l->l_lid = 1;
    224 
    225 	/*
    226 	 * Attempt to find console and initialize
    227 	 * in case of early panic or other messages.
    228 	 */
    229 	consinit();
    230 
    231 	KERNEL_LOCK_INIT();
    232 
    233 	uvm_init();
    234 
    235 	kmem_init();
    236 
    237 	/* Do machine-dependent initialization. */
    238 	cpu_startup();
    239 
    240 	/* Initialize callouts. */
    241 	callout_startup();
    242 
    243 	/* Initialize the buffer cache */
    244 	bufinit();
    245 
    246 	/*
    247 	 * Initialize mbuf's.  Do this now because we might attempt to
    248 	 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration.
    249 	 */
    250 	mbinit();
    251 
    252 	/* Initialize sockets. */
    253 	soinit();
    254 
    255 #ifdef KCONT
    256 	/* Initialize kcont. */
    257         kcont_init();
    258 #endif
    259 
    260 	/*
    261 	 * The following things must be done before autoconfiguration.
    262 	 */
    263 	evcnt_init();		/* initialize event counters */
    264 #if NRND > 0
    265 	rnd_init();		/* initialize RNG */
    266 #endif
    267 	/* Initialize the sysctl subsystem. */
    268 	sysctl_init();
    269 
    270 	/* Initialize process and pgrp structures. */
    271 	procinit();
    272 
    273 	/* Initialize signal-related data structures. */
    274 	signal_init();
    275 
    276 	/* Create process 0 (the swapper). */
    277 	proc0_init();
    278 
    279 	/*
    280 	 * Charge root for one process.
    281 	 */
    282 	(void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
    283 
    284 	rqinit();
    285 
    286 	/* Initialize the file systems. */
    287 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
    288 	/*
    289 	 * If maximum number of vnodes in namei vnode cache is not explicitly
    290 	 * defined in kernel config, adjust the number such as we use roughly
    291 	 * 1.0% of memory for vnode cache (but not less than NVNODE vnodes).
    292 	 */
    293 	usevnodes = (ptoa((unsigned)physmem) / 100) / sizeof(struct vnode);
    294 	if (usevnodes > desiredvnodes)
    295 		desiredvnodes = usevnodes;
    296 #endif
    297 	vfsinit();
    298 
    299 
    300 #ifdef __HAVE_TIMECOUNTER
    301 	inittimecounter();
    302 	ntp_init();
    303 #endif /* __HAVE_TIMECOUNTER */
    304 
    305 	/* Configure the system hardware.  This will enable interrupts. */
    306 	configure();
    307 
    308 	ubc_init();		/* must be after autoconfig */
    309 
    310 	/* Lock the kernel on behalf of proc0. */
    311 	KERNEL_PROC_LOCK(l);
    312 
    313 #ifdef SYSVSHM
    314 	/* Initialize System V style shared memory. */
    315 	shminit();
    316 #endif
    317 
    318 #ifdef SYSVSEM
    319 	/* Initialize System V style semaphores. */
    320 	seminit();
    321 #endif
    322 
    323 #ifdef SYSVMSG
    324 	/* Initialize System V style message queues. */
    325 	msginit();
    326 #endif
    327 
    328 #ifdef P1003_1B_SEMAPHORE
    329 	/* Initialize posix semaphores */
    330 	ksem_init();
    331 #endif
    332 
    333 	/* Initialize kauth. */
    334 	kauth_init();
    335 
    336 #ifdef FILEASSOC
    337 	fileassoc_init();
    338 #endif /* FILEASSOC */
    339 
    340 #ifdef VERIFIED_EXEC
    341 	  /*
    342 	   * Initialise the fingerprint operations vectors before
    343 	   * fingerprints can be loaded.
    344 	   */
    345 	veriexec_init_fp_ops();
    346 #endif
    347 
    348 	/* Attach pseudo-devices. */
    349 	for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++)
    350 		(*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count);
    351 
    352 #ifdef	FAST_IPSEC
    353 	/* Attach network crypto subsystem */
    354 	ipsec_attach();
    355 #endif
    356 
    357 	/*
    358 	 * Initialize protocols.  Block reception of incoming packets
    359 	 * until everything is ready.
    360 	 */
    361 	s = splnet();
    362 	ifinit();
    363 	domaininit();
    364 	if_attachdomain();
    365 	splx(s);
    366 
    367 #ifdef GPROF
    368 	/* Initialize kernel profiling. */
    369 	kmstartup();
    370 #endif
    371 
    372 	/* Initialize system accouting. */
    373 	acct_init();
    374 
    375 	/* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */
    376 	schedcpu(NULL);
    377 
    378 	/*
    379 	 * Create process 1 (init(8)).  We do this now, as Unix has
    380 	 * historically had init be process 1, and changing this would
    381 	 * probably upset a lot of people.
    382 	 *
    383 	 * Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will
    384 	 * wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been
    385 	 * mounted.
    386 	 */
    387 	if (fork1(l, 0, SIGCHLD, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, NULL, &initproc))
    388 		panic("fork init");
    389 
    390 	/*
    391 	 * Create any kernel threads who's creation was deferred because
    392 	 * initproc had not yet been created.
    393 	 */
    394 	kthread_run_deferred_queue();
    395 
    396 	/*
    397 	 * Now that device driver threads have been created, wait for
    398 	 * them to finish any deferred autoconfiguration.  Note we don't
    399 	 * need to lock this semaphore, since we haven't booted any
    400 	 * secondary processors, yet.
    401 	 */
    402 	while (config_pending)
    403 		(void) tsleep(&config_pending, PWAIT, "cfpend", 0);
    404 
    405 	/*
    406 	 * Finalize configuration now that all real devices have been
    407 	 * found.  This needs to be done before the root device is
    408 	 * selected, since finalization may create the root device.
    409 	 */
    410 	config_finalize();
    411 
    412 	/*
    413 	 * Now that autoconfiguration has completed, we can determine
    414 	 * the root and dump devices.
    415 	 */
    416 	cpu_rootconf();
    417 	cpu_dumpconf();
    418 
    419 	/* Mount the root file system. */
    420 	do {
    421 		domountroothook();
    422 		if ((error = vfs_mountroot())) {
    423 			printf("cannot mount root, error = %d\n", error);
    424 			boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME;
    425 			setroot(root_device,
    426 			    (rootdev != NODEV) ? DISKPART(rootdev) : 0);
    427 		}
    428 	} while (error != 0);
    429 	mountroothook_destroy();
    430 
    431 	/*
    432 	 * Initialise the time-of-day clock, passing the time recorded
    433 	 * in the root filesystem (if any) for use by systems that
    434 	 * don't have a non-volatile time-of-day device.
    435 	 */
    436 	inittodr(rootfstime);
    437 
    438 	CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS;
    439 	CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_op->vfs_refcount++;
    440 
    441 	/*
    442 	 * Get the vnode for '/'.  Set filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_cdir to
    443 	 * reference it.
    444 	 */
    445 	error = VFS_ROOT(CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode);
    446 	if (error)
    447 		panic("cannot find root vnode, error=%d", error);
    448 	cwdi0.cwdi_cdir = rootvnode;
    449 	VREF(cwdi0.cwdi_cdir);
    450 	VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0);
    451 	cwdi0.cwdi_rdir = NULL;
    452 
    453 	/*
    454 	 * Now that root is mounted, we can fixup initproc's CWD
    455 	 * info.  All other processes are kthreads, which merely
    456 	 * share proc0's CWD info.
    457 	 */
    458 	initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_cdir = rootvnode;
    459 	VREF(initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_cdir);
    460 	initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_rdir = NULL;
    461 
    462 	/*
    463 	 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time
    464 	 * from the file system.  Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been
    465 	 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set.
    466 	 */
    467 	proclist_lock_read();
    468 	s = splsched();
    469 #ifdef __HAVE_TIMECOUNTER
    470 	getmicrotime(&time);
    471 #else
    472 	mono_time = time;
    473 #endif
    474 	boottime = time;
    475 	LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) {
    476 		KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_MARKER) == 0);
    477 		p->p_stats->p_start = time;
    478 		LIST_FOREACH(l, &p->p_lwps, l_sibling) {
    479 			if (l->l_cpu != NULL)
    480 				l->l_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime = time;
    481 		}
    482 		p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0;
    483 	}
    484 	splx(s);
    485 	proclist_unlock_read();
    486 
    487 	/* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */
    488 	uvm_swap_init();
    489 	if (kthread_create1(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon"))
    490 		panic("fork pagedaemon");
    491 
    492 	/* Create the filesystem syncer kernel thread. */
    493 	if (kthread_create1(sched_sync, NULL, NULL, "ioflush"))
    494 		panic("fork syncer");
    495 
    496 	/* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */
    497 	if (kthread_create1(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, &uvm.aiodoned_proc,
    498 	    "aiodoned"))
    499 		panic("fork aiodoned");
    500 
    501 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR)
    502 	/* Boot the secondary processors. */
    503 	cpu_boot_secondary_processors();
    504 #endif
    505 
    506 	/* Initialize exec structures */
    507 	exec_init(1);
    508 
    509 	/*
    510 	 * Okay, now we can let init(8) exec!  It's off to userland!
    511 	 */
    512 	start_init_exec = 1;
    513 	wakeup(&start_init_exec);
    514 
    515 	/* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */
    516 	uvm_scheduler();
    517 	/* NOTREACHED */
    518 }
    519 
    520 void
    521 setrootfstime(time_t t)
    522 {
    523 	rootfstime = t;
    524 }
    525 
    526 static void
    527 check_console(struct lwp *l)
    528 {
    529 	struct nameidata nd;
    530 	int error;
    531 
    532 	NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", l);
    533 	error = namei(&nd);
    534 	if (error == 0)
    535 		vrele(nd.ni_vp);
    536 	else if (error == ENOENT)
    537 		printf("warning: no /dev/console\n");
    538 	else
    539 		printf("warning: lookup /dev/console: error %d\n", error);
    540 }
    541 
    542 /*
    543  * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
    544  */
    545 static const char *initpaths[] = {
    546 	"/sbin/init",
    547 	"/sbin/oinit",
    548 	"/sbin/init.bak",
    549 	NULL,
    550 };
    551 
    552 /*
    553  * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths".
    554  * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
    555  */
    556 static void
    557 start_init(void *arg)
    558 {
    559 	struct lwp *l = arg;
    560 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
    561 	vaddr_t addr;
    562 	struct sys_execve_args /* {
    563 		syscallarg(const char *) path;
    564 		syscallarg(char * const *) argp;
    565 		syscallarg(char * const *) envp;
    566 	} */ args;
    567 	int options, i, error;
    568 	register_t retval[2];
    569 	char flags[4], *flagsp;
    570 	const char *path, *slash;
    571 	char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL;
    572 	char ipath[129];
    573 	int ipx, len;
    574 
    575 	/*
    576 	 * Now in process 1.
    577 	 */
    578 	strncpy(p->p_comm, "init", MAXCOMLEN);
    579 
    580 	/*
    581 	 * Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec.
    582 	 */
    583 	while (start_init_exec == 0)
    584 		(void) tsleep(&start_init_exec, PWAIT, "initexec", 0);
    585 
    586 	/*
    587 	 * This is not the right way to do this.  We really should
    588 	 * hand-craft a descriptor onto /dev/console to hand to init,
    589 	 * but that's a _lot_ more work, and the benefit from this easy
    590 	 * hack makes up for the "good is the enemy of the best" effect.
    591 	 */
    592 	check_console(l);
    593 
    594 	/*
    595 	 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
    596 	 */
    597 	addr = (vaddr_t)STACK_ALLOC(USRSTACK, PAGE_SIZE);
    598 	if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
    599                     NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0,
    600                     UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY,
    601 		    UVM_ADV_NORMAL,
    602                     UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW)) != 0)
    603 		panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
    604 	p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)STACK_MAX(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
    605 
    606 	ipx = 0;
    607 	while (1) {
    608 		if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME) {
    609 			printf("init path");
    610 			if (initpaths[ipx])
    611 				printf(" (default %s)", initpaths[ipx]);
    612 			printf(": ");
    613 			len = cngetsn(ipath, sizeof(ipath)-1);
    614 			if (len == 0) {
    615 				if (initpaths[ipx])
    616 					path = initpaths[ipx++];
    617 				else
    618 					continue;
    619 			} else {
    620 				ipath[len] = '\0';
    621 				path = ipath;
    622 			}
    623 		} else {
    624 			if ((path = initpaths[ipx++]) == NULL)
    625 				break;
    626 		}
    627 
    628 		ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
    629 
    630 		/*
    631 		 * Construct the boot flag argument.
    632 		 */
    633 		flagsp = flags;
    634 		*flagsp++ = '-';
    635 		options = 0;
    636 
    637 		if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
    638 			*flagsp++ = 's';
    639 			options = 1;
    640 		}
    641 #ifdef notyet
    642 		if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
    643 			*flagsp++ = 'f';
    644 			options = 1;
    645 		}
    646 #endif
    647 
    648 		/*
    649 		 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary.
    650 		 */
    651 		if (options != 0) {
    652 			*flagsp++ = '\0';
    653 			i = flagsp - flags;
    654 #ifdef DEBUG
    655 			printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i);
    656 #endif
    657 			arg1 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
    658 			ucp = STACK_MAX(arg1, i);
    659 			(void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, arg1, i);
    660 		}
    661 
    662 		/*
    663 		 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
    664 		 */
    665 		i = strlen(path) + 1;
    666 #ifdef DEBUG
    667 		printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i);
    668 #else
    669 		if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME || path != initpaths[0])
    670 			printf("init: trying %s\n", path);
    671 #endif
    672 		arg0 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
    673 		ucp = STACK_MAX(arg0, i);
    674 		(void)copyout(path, arg0, i);
    675 
    676 		/*
    677 		 * Move out the arg pointers.
    678 		 */
    679 		ucp = (caddr_t)STACK_ALIGN(ucp, ALIGNBYTES);
    680 		uap = (char **)STACK_ALLOC(ucp, sizeof(char *) * 3);
    681 		SCARG(&args, path) = arg0;
    682 		SCARG(&args, argp) = uap;
    683 		SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL;
    684 		slash = strrchr(path, '/');
    685 		if (slash)
    686 			(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++,
    687 			    (long)arg0 + (slash + 1 - path));
    688 		else
    689 			(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, (long)arg0);
    690 		if (options != 0)
    691 			(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, (long)arg1);
    692 		(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, 0);	/* terminator */
    693 
    694 		/*
    695 		 * Now try to exec the program.  If can't for any reason
    696 		 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
    697 		 */
    698 		error = sys_execve(l, &args, retval);
    699 		if (error == 0 || error == EJUSTRETURN) {
    700 			KERNEL_PROC_UNLOCK(l);
    701 			return;
    702 		}
    703 		printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error);
    704 	}
    705 	printf("init: not found\n");
    706 	panic("no init");
    707 }
    708