1 $NetBSD: README,v 1.2 1997/08/02 21:30:08 perry Exp $ 2 3 CRUNCH 0.3 README 7/23/94 4 5 Crunch is available via anonymous ftp to ftp.cs.umd.edu in 6 pub/bsd/crunch-0.3.tar.gz 7 8 WHAT'S NEW IN 0.3 9 10 * The prototype awk script has been replaced by a more capable and 11 hopefully more robust C program. 12 * No fragile template makefiles or dependencies on the details of the 13 bsd build environment. 14 * You can build crunched binaries even with no sources on-line, you 15 just need the .o files. Crunchgen still will try to figure out as 16 much as possible on its own, but you can override its guessing by 17 specifying the list of .o files explicitly. 18 * Crunch itself has been bmake'd and some man pages written, so it 19 should be ready to install. 20 * Added patch for FreeBSD from Jordan Hubbard, plus the .conf files used 21 for the FreeBSD install floppies as examples. 22 23 24 INTRODUCTION 25 26 Crunch is a little package that helps create "crunched" binaries for use 27 on boot, install, and fixit floppies. A crunched binary in this case is 28 one where many programs have been linked together into one a.out file. 29 The different programs are run depending on the value of argv[0], so 30 hard links to the crunched binary suffice to simulate a perfectly normal 31 system. 32 33 As an example, I have created an 980K crunched "fixit" binary containing 34 the following programs in their entirety: 35 36 cat chmod cp date dd df echo ed expr hostname kill ln ls mkdir 37 mt mv pwd rcp rm rmdir sh sleep stty sync test [ badsect chown 38 clri disklabel dump rdump dmesg fdisk fsck halt ifconfig init 39 mknod mount newfs ping reboot restore rrestore swapon umount 40 ftp rsh sed telnet rlogin vi cpio gzip gunzip gzcat 41 42 Note carefully: vi, cpio, gzip, ed, sed, dump/restore, some networking 43 utilities, and the disk management utilities, all in a binary small 44 enough to fit on a 1.2 MB root filesystem floppy (albeit with the kernel 45 on its own boot floppy). A more reasonable subset can be made to fit 46 easily with a kernel for a decent one-disk fixit filesystem. 47 48 The linking together of different programs by hand is an old 49 space-saving technique. Crunch automates the process by building the 50 necessary stub files and makefile for you (via the crunchgen program), 51 and by doctoring the symbol tables of the component .o files to allow 52 them to link without "symbol multiply defined" conflicts (via the 53 crunchide program). 54 55 56 BUILDING CRUNCH 57 58 Just type make, then make install. 59 60 Crunch was written and tested under NetBSD/i386, but should work under 61 other PC BSD systems that use GNU ld. 62 63 The crunchgen(1) and crunchide(1) man pages have more details on using 64 crunch, and the examples subdirectory contains some working .conf files 65 and a sample Makefile. 66 67 CREDITS 68 69 Thanks to the NetBSD team for a consistently high quality effort in 70 bringing together a solid, state of the art development environment. 71 72 Thanks to the FreeBSD guys; Rod Grimes, Nate Williams and Jordan 73 Hubbard; and to Bruce Evans, for immediate and detailed feedback on 74 crunch 0.1, and for pressing me to make the prototype more useable. 75 76 Crunch was written for the Maruti Hard Real-Time Operating System 77 project at the University of Maryland, to help make for better install 78 and recovery procedures for our NetBSD-based development environment. It 79 is copyright (c) 1994 by the University of Maryland under a UCB-style 80 freely- redistributable notice. See the file COPYRIGHT for details. 81 82 Please let me know of any problems or of enhancements you make to this 83 package. I'm particularly interested in the details of what you found 84 was good to put on your fixit or install disks. Thanks! 85 86 Share and Enjoy, 87 Jaime 88 ............................................................................ 89 : Stand on my shoulders, : jds (a] cs.umd.edu : James da Silva 90 : not on my toes. : uunet!mimsy!jds : http://www.cs.umd.edu/users/jds 91 92
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