xref: /src/sys/arch/amd64/include/pmap.h

/*	$NetBSD: pmap.h,v 1.15 2007/11/22 16:16:45 bouyer Exp $	*/

/*
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1997 Charles D. Cranor and Washington University.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgment:
 *      This product includes software developed by Charles D. Cranor and
 *      Washington University.
 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Written by Frank van der Linden for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
 *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
 *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
 *    written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#ifndef	_AMD64_PMAP_H_
#define	_AMD64_PMAP_H_

#if defined(_KERNEL_OPT)
#include "opt_xen.h"
#endif

#include <machine/pte.h>
#include <machine/segments.h>
#include <machine/atomic.h>
#ifdef _KERNEL
#include <machine/cpufunc.h>
#endif

#include <uvm/uvm_object.h>
#ifdef XEN
#include <xen/xenfunc.h>
#include <xen/xenpmap.h>
#endif /* XEN */

/*
 * The x86_64 pmap module closely resembles the i386 one. It uses
 * the same recursive entry scheme, and the same alternate area
 * trick for accessing non-current pmaps. See the i386 pmap.h
 * for a description. The obvious difference is that 3 extra
 * levels of page table need to be dealt with. The level 1 page
 * table pages are at:
 *
 * l1: 0x00007f8000000000 - 0x00007fffffffffff     (39 bits, needs PML4 entry)
 *
 * The alternate space is at:
 *
 * l1: 0xffffff8000000000 - 0xffffffffffffffff     (39 bits, needs PML4 entry)
 *
 * The rest is kept as physical pages in 3 UVM objects, and is
 * temporarily mapped for virtual access when needed.
 *
 * Note that address space is signed, so the layout for 48 bits is:
 *
 *  +---------------------------------+ 0xffffffffffffffff
 *  |                                 |
 *  |    alt.L1 table (PTE pages)     |
 *  |                                 |
 *  +---------------------------------+ 0xffffff8000000000
 *  ~                                 ~
 *  |                                 |
 *  |         Kernel Space            |
 *  |                                 |
 *  |                                 |
 *  +---------------------------------+ 0xffff800000000000 = 0x0000800000000000
 *  |                                 |
 *  |    alt.L1 table (PTE pages)     |
 *  |                                 |
 *  +---------------------------------+ 0x00007f8000000000
 *  ~                                 ~
 *  |                                 |
 *  |         User Space              |
 *  |                                 |
 *  |                                 |
 *  +---------------------------------+ 0x0000000000000000
 *
 * In other words, there is a 'VA hole' at 0x0000800000000000 -
 * 0xffff800000000000 which will trap, just as on, for example,
 * sparcv9.
 *
 * The unused space can be used if needed, but it adds a little more
 * complexity to the calculations.
 */

/*
 * The first generation of Hammer processors can use 48 bits of
 * virtual memory, and 40 bits of physical memory. This will be
 * more for later generations. These defines can be changed to
 * variable names containing the # of bits, extracted from an
 * extended cpuid instruction (variables are harder to use during
 * bootstrap, though)
 */
#define VIRT_BITS	48
#define PHYS_BITS	40

/*
 * Mask to get rid of the sign-extended part of addresses.
 */
#define VA_SIGN_MASK		0xffff000000000000
#define VA_SIGN_NEG(va)		((va) | VA_SIGN_MASK)
/*
 * XXXfvdl this one's not right.
 */
#define VA_SIGN_POS(va)		((va) & ~VA_SIGN_MASK)

#define L4_SLOT_PTE		255
#ifndef XEN
#define L4_SLOT_KERN		256
#else
/* Xen use slots 256-272, let's move farther */
#define L4_SLOT_KERN		320
#endif
#define L4_SLOT_KERNBASE	511
#define L4_SLOT_APTE		510

#define PDIR_SLOT_KERN	L4_SLOT_KERN
#define PDIR_SLOT_PTE	L4_SLOT_PTE
#define PDIR_SLOT_APTE	L4_SLOT_APTE

/*
 * the following defines give the virtual addresses of various MMU
 * data structures:
 * PTE_BASE and APTE_BASE: the base VA of the linear PTE mappings
 * PTD_BASE and APTD_BASE: the base VA of the recursive mapping of the PTD
 * PDP_PDE and APDP_PDE: the VA of the PDE that points back to the PDP/APDP
 *
 */

#define PTE_BASE  ((pt_entry_t *) (L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L4))
#define APTE_BASE ((pt_entry_t *) (VA_SIGN_NEG((L4_SLOT_APTE * NBPD_L4))))

#define L1_BASE		PTE_BASE
#define AL1_BASE	APTE_BASE

#define L2_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)L1_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L3))
#define L3_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)L2_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L2))
#define L4_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)L3_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L1))

#define AL2_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)AL1_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L3))
#define AL3_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)AL2_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L2))
#define AL4_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)AL3_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L1))

#define PDP_PDE		(L4_BASE + PDIR_SLOT_PTE)
#define APDP_PDE	(L4_BASE + PDIR_SLOT_APTE)

#define PDP_BASE	L4_BASE
#define APDP_BASE	AL4_BASE

#define NKL4_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)1
#define NKL3_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)(NKL4_MAX_ENTRIES * 512)
#define NKL2_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)(NKL3_MAX_ENTRIES * 512)
#define NKL1_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)(NKL2_MAX_ENTRIES * 512)

#define NKL4_KIMG_ENTRIES	1
#define NKL3_KIMG_ENTRIES	1
#define NKL2_KIMG_ENTRIES	8

/*
 * Since kva space is below the kernel in its entirety, we start off
 * with zero entries on each level.
 */
#define NKL4_START_ENTRIES	0
#define NKL3_START_ENTRIES	0
#define NKL2_START_ENTRIES	0
#define NKL1_START_ENTRIES	0	/* XXX */

#define NTOPLEVEL_PDES		(PAGE_SIZE / (sizeof (pd_entry_t)))

#define NPDPG			(PAGE_SIZE / sizeof (pd_entry_t))

#define PTP_MASK_INITIALIZER	{ L1_FRAME, L2_FRAME, L3_FRAME, L4_FRAME }
#define PTP_SHIFT_INITIALIZER	{ L1_SHIFT, L2_SHIFT, L3_SHIFT, L4_SHIFT }
#define NKPTP_INITIALIZER	{ NKL1_START_ENTRIES, NKL2_START_ENTRIES, \
				  NKL3_START_ENTRIES, NKL4_START_ENTRIES }
#define NKPTPMAX_INITIALIZER	{ NKL1_MAX_ENTRIES, NKL2_MAX_ENTRIES, \
				  NKL3_MAX_ENTRIES, NKL4_MAX_ENTRIES }
#define NBPD_INITIALIZER	{ NBPD_L1, NBPD_L2, NBPD_L3, NBPD_L4 }
#define PDES_INITIALIZER	{ L2_BASE, L3_BASE, L4_BASE }
#define APDES_INITIALIZER	{ AL2_BASE, AL3_BASE, AL4_BASE }

#define PTP_LEVELS	4

/*
 * PG_AVAIL usage: we make use of the ignored bits of the PTE
 */

#define PG_W		PG_AVAIL1	/* "wired" mapping */
#define PG_PVLIST	PG_AVAIL2	/* mapping has entry on pvlist */
/* PG_AVAIL3 not used */

#define	PG_X		0		/* XXX dummy */

/*
 * Number of PTE's per cache line.  8 byte pte, 64-byte cache line
 * Used to avoid false sharing of cache lines.
 */
#define NPTECL		8

#include <x86/pmap.h>

#ifndef XEN
#define pmap_pa2pte(a)			(a)
#define pmap_pte2pa(a)			((a) & PG_FRAME)
#define pmap_pte_set(p, n)		do { *(p) = (n); } while (0)
#define pmap_pte_testset(p, n)		x86_atomic_testset_u64(p, n)
#define pmap_pte_setbits(p, b)		x86_atomic_setbits_u64(p, b)
#define pmap_pte_clearbits(p, b)	x86_atomic_clearbits_u64(p, b)
#define pmap_pte_flush()		/* nothing */
#define pmap_cpu_has_pg_n()		(1)
#define pmap_cpu_has_invlpg		(1)
#else
static __inline pt_entry_t
pmap_pa2pte(paddr_t pa)
{
	return (pt_entry_t)xpmap_ptom_masked(pa);
}

static __inline paddr_t
pmap_pte2pa(pt_entry_t pte)
{
	return xpmap_mtop_masked(pte & PG_FRAME);
}
static __inline void
pmap_pte_set(pt_entry_t *pte, pt_entry_t npte)
{
	int s = splvm();
	xpq_queue_pte_update((pt_entry_t *)xpmap_ptetomach(pte), npte);
	splx(s);
}

static __inline pt_entry_t
pmap_pte_testset(volatile pt_entry_t *pte, pt_entry_t npte)
{
	int s = splvm();
	pt_entry_t opte = *pte;
	xpq_queue_pte_update((pt_entry_t *)xpmap_ptetomach(__UNVOLATILE(pte)),
	    npte);
	xpq_flush_queue();
	splx(s);
	return opte;
}

static __inline void
pmap_pte_setbits(volatile pt_entry_t *pte, pt_entry_t bits)
{
	int s = splvm();
	xpq_queue_pte_update((pt_entry_t *)xpmap_ptetomach(__UNVOLATILE(pte)),
	    (*pte) | bits);
	xpq_flush_queue();
	splx(s);
}

static __inline void
pmap_pte_clearbits(volatile pt_entry_t *pte, pt_entry_t bits)
{
	int s = splvm();
	xpq_queue_pte_update((pt_entry_t *)xpmap_ptetomach(__UNVOLATILE(pte)),
	    (*pte) & ~bits);
	xpq_flush_queue();
	splx(s);
}

#define pmap_cpu_has_pg_n()		(1)
#define pmap_cpu_has_invlpg		(1)
static __inline void
pmap_pte_flush(void)
{
	int s = splvm();
	xpq_flush_queue();
	splx(s);
}
#endif

void pmap_prealloc_lowmem_ptps(void);
void pmap_changeprot_local(vaddr_t, vm_prot_t);

#endif	/* _AMD64_PMAP_H_ */